CN109098679B - Marine natural gas hydrate phase-change refrigeration rope coring drilling tool and coring method - Google Patents
Marine natural gas hydrate phase-change refrigeration rope coring drilling tool and coring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109098679B CN109098679B CN201811016786.0A CN201811016786A CN109098679B CN 109098679 B CN109098679 B CN 109098679B CN 201811016786 A CN201811016786 A CN 201811016786A CN 109098679 B CN109098679 B CN 109098679B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 241001449342 Chlorocrambe hastata Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Natural products C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RBHJBMIOOPYDBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide;propan-2-one Chemical compound O=C=O.CC(C)=O RBHJBMIOOPYDBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 natural gas hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
- E21B25/18—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors the core receiver being specially adapted for operation under water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
- E21B41/0099—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00 specially adapted for drilling for or production of natural hydrate or clathrate gas reservoirs; Drilling through or monitoring of formations containing gas hydrates or clathrates
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a marine natural gas hydrate phase change refrigeration rope coring drilling tool and a coring method, wherein a phase change fluid is used as a refrigerant, and gas generated by gasifying the phase change fluid is discharged from the interior of the drilling tool through a quick exhaust mechanism, so that the problems that the gas generated by phase change of the refrigerant cannot be discharged under the action of deep sea hydrostatic pressure, the pressure in a cavity is overlarge, the phase change pressure critical point of the fluid is reached, the fluid does not undergo phase change and absorb heat, and the refrigerating capacity of the drilling tool is insufficient are solved; after coring is finished, a steel ball is put into the drilling tool to block a drilling fluid circulation channel, power is provided for the quick exhaust mechanism through drilling fluid pressure, and the process that the refrigerant is injected into the hole bottom freezing mechanism is achieved. Combining rope coring with hole bottom freezing to realize fast coring without lifting the drill; the inner pipe assembly does not rotate during drilling, so that the damage of mechanical force generated by the rotation of a drilling tool to the natural gas hydrate core is avoided to a greater extent, and the core sampling rate, the integrity and the representativeness are more effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a marine natural gas hydrate phase-change refrigeration rope coring drilling tool and a coring method, which are particularly suitable for drilling and coring deep-sea sediments containing natural gas hydrates.
Background
As a potential energy source, the natural gas hydrate has the characteristics of wide distribution range, large resource amount, shallow burial, high energy density, cleanness and the like, is a novel clean energy source which is internationally recognized and has the most commercial development prospect, and is also the most ideal alternative energy source for petroleum and natural gas. In order to really recognize natural gas hydrates, a natural gas hydrate sample with high fidelity must be obtained. Drilling coring is the most direct method for obtaining natural gas hydrate samples and is also a necessary means for verifying the investigation results of other methods. Because natural gas hydrate has instability, the natural gas hydrate can only exist under the conditions that the temperature is lower than 0-10 ℃ and the pressure is higher than 10MPa, once the temperature is increased or the pressure is reduced, methane gas can escape, and solid natural gas hydrate can be decomposed; therefore, when drilling and sampling natural gas hydrate, the natural gas hydrate is easily changed from solid to gas along with the change of temperature and pressure, and it is difficult to obtain a natural gas hydrate fidelity sample which is not decomposed as it is.
At present, a feasible idea of a sampling method for marine natural gas hydrate is to freeze a natural gas hydrate core to be below a critical temperature value under normal pressure by using a refrigerant, so that the natural gas hydrate core is ensured to be in a stable area of phase equilibrium, and the decomposition of the natural gas hydrate is inhibited. But it is difficult to achieve rapid freezing of the natural gas hydrate core to the desired low temperature due to conventional refrigerants. It is therefore proposed to use a phase-change fluid: liquid nitrogen, alcohol-dry ice mixture, liquid ammonia, acetone-dry ice mixture and the like, and the phase-change fluid with larger latent heat of vaporization is adopted as a refrigerant to realize the quick freezing of the natural gas hydrate core through phase-change heat absorption; however, in practical applications, because the hydrostatic pressure at the bottom of the hole is large, for example, the reservoir of the natural gas hydrate in south sea of China is below 1400 meters of sea surface, the hydrostatic pressure is greater than 14Mpa, and under the action of the hydrostatic pressure, gas generated by phase change of the refrigerant cannot be discharged through a simple exhaust mechanism, so that the pressure in the drilling tool rises to be above the phase equilibrium critical point of the refrigerant, and at the moment, the refrigerant stops gasifying and absorbing heat, so that the provided freezing energy is not enough to freeze the natural gas hydrate core to the required temperature, and the frozen natural gas hydrate core fails.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a natural gas hydrate phase-change refrigeration rope coring drill tool and a coring method, which have simple structures and can realize the discharge of gas generated by gasifying a refrigerant from the drill tool under the high pressure at the bottom of a hole.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the marine natural gas hydrate phase-change refrigeration rope coring drilling tool consists of a fisher, an inner pipe assembly and an outer pipe assembly, and is characterized in that the inner pipe assembly comprises a suspension mechanism, an adjusting mechanism, a quick exhaust mechanism, a cold source storage mechanism and a hole bottom freezing mechanism,
the fisher comprises a steel wire rope, a fixing sleeve, a connecting shaft, a first upper bearing seat, a first bearing, a second round nut, a first lower bearing seat, a fastening screw, a first spring, a fishing hook, a first elastic pin and a shaft sleeve, wherein the end part of the steel wire rope is tightly pressed on the upper part of the connecting shaft through the fixing sleeve; the first upper bearing seat is connected with the first lower bearing seat through threads; the first bearing is arranged in an inner hole of the first upper bearing seat and is fixedly connected with the connecting shaft through a thread between the second round nut and the connecting shaft; the first lower bearing seat is connected with the shaft sleeve through a fastening screw; the first spring is pressed on the connecting shaft through a bulge on the fishing hook; one end of the fishing hook is connected with the connecting shaft through a first elastic pin, and the other end of the fishing hook is clamped on the fishing spear head;
the hanging mechanism comprises a fishing spear head, a hanging ring and a seat ring, and the fishing spear head is connected with the hanging ring through threads; the outer diameter of the suspension ring is not larger than that of the seat ring, the suspension ring is seated on the seat ring, and the suspension ring and the seat ring are in contact connection; the seat ring is connected with the first outer pipe through threads, so that the inner pipe assembly is integrally suspended in the outer pipe assembly, and a gap of 2-4 mm is formed between the bottom of the inner pipe assembly and the drill bit;
the adjusting mechanism comprises a second upper bearing seat, a second bearing, a second lower bearing seat, a third bearing, a second spring, a baffle ring, a third round nut, a connecting pipe and a first sealing ring; the second upper bearing seat is connected with the fishing spearhead through threads, and the second bearing is fixed on the outer diameter of the second upper bearing seat through the matching of the second upper bearing seat and the second lower bearing seat; a gap is formed between the outer diameter of the second upper bearing seat and the inner diameter of the second lower bearing seat to ensure that the second upper bearing seat and the second lower bearing seat realize single action under the action of the second bearing; the third bearing is positioned between the second upper bearing seat and the second lower bearing seat, and the third bearing and the second bearing are used together to realize the single action between the second upper bearing seat and the second lower bearing seat; the lower part of the third bearing is in contact with the upper part of the second spring, the lower part of the second spring is seated on the baffle ring, and the baffle ring is used for providing pretightening force for the second spring; the third round nut is in threaded connection with the second upper bearing seat; the connecting pipe is connected with the second upper bearing seat through threads; the first sealing ring is used for realizing the sealing of the connecting pipe and a mechanism positioned at the lower part of the connecting pipe; when the core is blocked, the clamp spring drives the inner clamp spring seat to move downwards to compress the second spring; the inner clamp spring seat is arranged on an inner step of the drill bit, so that the force for pulling off the core is transmitted to the outer pipe, and the inner pipe is not stressed in the whole coring process;
the quick exhaust mechanism comprises an exhaust valve seat, a steel ball, a first exhaust valve core, a third spring, an elastic retaining ring, a second exhaust valve core, a fourth spring, a first drilling fluid outlet, a second drilling fluid outlet, a first scavenging valve and a second scavenging valve, and the exhaust valve seat is connected with the second lower bearing seat through threads; the steel ball is not thrown into the central hole of the drilling tool in the coring process, and after coring is finished, the steel ball is thrown into the central hole of the drilling tool to block a drilling fluid channel of the first exhaust valve core; the first exhaust valve core is connected with the second exhaust valve core through threads; the upper part of the third spring is contacted with the first exhaust valve core to provide pre-tightening force for the first exhaust valve core, and the lower part of the third spring is abutted against the second exhaust valve core; the elastic baffle ring is positioned between the exhaust valve seat and the second exhaust valve core; the upper part of the fourth spring is contacted with the second exhaust valve core and provides pretightening force for the second exhaust valve core, and the lower part of the fourth spring is abutted against the exhaust valve seat; the first scavenging valve is connected with the exhaust valve seat through threads, the second scavenging valve is connected with the second exhaust valve core through threads, and in the coring process, gas in the cold storage cavity is exhausted through the suction effect between the first scavenging valve and the second scavenging valve; the first drilling fluid outlet is formed in the first exhaust valve core; the second drilling fluid outlet is formed in the exhaust valve seat;
the cold source storage mechanism comprises a second sealing ring, a control valve body, a control valve core, a first heat insulation sleeve, a righting sleeve, a cold storage cavity outer pipe, a cold storage cavity inner pipe, a control rod heat insulation sleeve, a control rod, a lower heat insulation pad, a third sealing ring, a fifth spring, a stop valve body, a heat insulation sleeve, a torsion spring, an elastic clamp, a fourth sealing ring, an elastic clamp seat, a second elastic pin, a stop valve rod, a third elastic pin and a stop valve seat; the upper part of the whole cold source storage mechanism is sealed by a second sealing ring; the control valve body is connected with the control rod through threads, the upper part of the control valve body is contacted with the lower part of the second exhaust valve core, and when the second exhaust valve core moves downwards, the control valve body is pushed to move downwards together; the control valve body is connected with the first heat-preserving sleeve through threads; the control valve core is arranged in the control valve body and connected with the control rod; the centralizing sleeve is sleeved outside the control rod heat-insulating sleeve; the control rod heat-insulating sleeve is sleeved outside the control rod; the outer pipe of the cold storage cavity is connected with the control valve body through threads; the outer pipe of the cold storage cavity and the inner pipe of the cold storage cavity are coaxially arranged, and a heat preservation layer of the cold storage cavity is arranged between the outer pipe of the cold storage cavity and the inner pipe of the cold storage cavity; the lower heat-insulating pad is arranged at the bottom of the cold storage cavity; the third sealing ring and the fourth sealing ring are respectively arranged in the ring grooves at the upper part and the lower part of the stop valve body; the upper part of the fifth spring is contacted with the stop valve rod to provide pre-tightening force for the stop valve rod, and the elastic clamping seat is used for supporting the fifth spring; the stop valve rod is connected with the control rod through threads; the heat-insulating sleeve is positioned inside the stop valve body; the torsion spring is used for keeping the elastic card in an open state; the elastic clamp is connected with the stop valve rod through a second elastic pin; the stop valve seat is connected with the stop valve rod through a third elastic pin and used for enabling the elastic clamp to open by a preset angle;
the hole bottom freezing mechanism comprises a flow dividing block, a connecting hand, a fifth sealing ring, a second heat insulation sleeve, a stop valve ball, a stop valve core, a freezing cavity outer pipe, a core pipe, a half-closed pipe, a freezing cavity inner pipe, an outer clamp spring seat, a clamp spring and an inner clamp spring seat; the flow distribution block is fixed on the upper part of the connecting hand and used for separating a flow passage of the refrigerant, so that the refrigerant is directly injected into the hole of the connecting hand; the fifth sealing ring is used for sealing the whole freezing cavity; the second heat-insulating sleeve is positioned in a cavity at the upper part of the hole bottom freezing mechanism; the stop valve core is connected with the connecting hand through threads, and the stop valve ball is seated on the stop valve core; the outer pipe of the freezing cavity is connected with the connecting hand through threads; the freezing cavity inner pipe and the freezing cavity outer pipe are coaxially arranged, and a freezing cavity heat-insulating layer is arranged between the freezing cavity inner pipe and the freezing cavity outer pipe; the core tube is connected with the connecting hand through threads, a half-closed tube is arranged inside the core tube, and the half-closed tube cuts the whole core tube from the axial direction; the outer clamp spring seat is connected with the outer pipe of the freezing cavity through threads; the inner snap spring seat is connected with the core tube through threads; the clamp spring is seated on the inner clamp spring seat and used for clamping and breaking the core;
the outer pipe assembly comprises a first outer pipe, a second outer pipe, a first centralizing ring, a first reamer, a third outer pipe, a fourth outer pipe, a second centralizing ring, a second reamer, a drill bit and a fifth outer pipe, wherein the upper end of the second outer pipe is connected with the first outer pipe through threads, and the lower end of the second outer pipe is connected with the first reamer through threads; the first centralizing ring is positioned in the annular groove of the second outer pipe and is clamped by the first reamer; the first reamer is connected with the third outer pipe through threads; the upper end of the fourth outer pipe is connected with the third outer pipe through threads, and the lower end of the fourth outer pipe is connected with the fifth outer pipe through threads; the fifth outer pipe is in threaded connection with the second reamer; the second centralizing ring is positioned in the annular groove of the fifth outer pipe and is clamped by the second reamer; the second reamer is connected with the drill bit through threads.
The fixing sleeve is connected with the connecting shaft through threads, and the fixing sleeve is pre-tightened by adopting a first round nut.
The marine natural gas hydrate phase-change refrigeration rope coring drilling tool further comprises an oil nozzle, wherein the oil nozzle is connected with the second lower bearing seat through threads, and the oil nozzle is used for adding lubricating oil into a cavity of a single-action mechanism consisting of a second upper bearing seat, a second bearing, a second lower bearing seat, an oil nozzle and a third bearing.
And a fixed baffle ring for fixing the third round nut is arranged between the third round nut and the second upper bearing seat.
The marine natural gas hydrate phase-change refrigeration rope core drilling tool further comprises a cold storage cavity heat insulation layer, and the cold storage cavity heat insulation layer is arranged in a gap reserved between a cold storage cavity outer pipe and a cold storage cavity inner pipe.
The marine natural gas hydrate phase-change refrigeration rope core drilling tool further comprises a freezing cavity heat-insulating layer, and the freezing cavity heat-insulating layer is located between the freezing cavity outer pipe and the freezing cavity inner pipe.
The marine natural gas hydrate phase-change refrigeration rope coring method is characterized in that the coring method adopts the marine natural gas hydrate phase-change refrigeration rope coring drilling tool to carry out coring, and comprises the following steps:
a. before drilling an orifice, firstly adjusting a suspension mechanism to ensure that the distance between the lower part of an inner pipe assembly and a drill bit is kept between 2mm and 4mm, and filling a refrigerant into a cold storage cavity;
b. after the next time, filling the core tube with the core, stopping the pump, and putting the steel ball into the central hole of the drilling tool;
c. after the steel ball is put in, starting a pump, starting circulating drilling liquid, enabling the quick exhaust mechanism, the cold source storage mechanism and the hole bottom freezing mechanism to start to act, and performing the processes of refrigerant injection, freezing the rock core and quick exhaust of the hole bottom;
d. after freezing for 10-20 minutes, the inner pipe assembly is lifted out of the hole;
e. and preserving the core sample by using a liquid nitrogen storage tank or a high-pressure container.
Through the design scheme, the invention can bring the following beneficial effects: the phase-change fluid is used as the refrigerant to freeze the natural gas hydrate core, so that the natural gas hydrate core is prevented from being decomposed; and a quick exhaust mechanism is designed, so that the problem that gas generated by the gasification of the phase-change fluid cannot be exhausted under the condition of high pressure at the bottom of the hole is solved, and the refrigerant can be completely gasified to realize the efficient utilization of the phase-change refrigerant.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention to the right, and in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overshot of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the suspension and adjustment mechanism assembly of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the assembly of the upper half of the quick exhaust mechanism and the cold source storage mechanism according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the lower half part of the cooling source storage mechanism according to the present invention.
Figure 5 is a schematic view of the bottom-of-hole freezing mechanism of the present invention.
The respective symbols in the figure are as follows: 1-a steel wire rope, 2-a fixed sleeve, 3-a first round nut, 4-a connecting shaft, 5-a first upper bearing seat, 6-a first bearing, 7-a second round nut, 8-a first lower bearing seat, 9-a fastening screw, 10-a first spring, 11-a fishing hook, 12-a first elastic pin, 13-a shaft sleeve, 14-a fishing spearhead, 15-a first outer pipe, 16-a suspension ring, 17-a seat ring, 18-a second upper bearing seat, 19-a second outer pipe, 20-a second bearing, 21-a second lower bearing seat, 22-an oil nozzle, 23-a third bearing, 24-a second spring, 25-a baffle ring, 26-a fixed baffle ring, 27-a third round nut, 28-a connecting pipe and 29-a first sealing ring, 30-an exhaust valve seat, 31-a steel ball, 32-a first exhaust valve core, 33-a third spring, 34-an elastic retaining ring, 35-a second exhaust valve core, 36-a fourth spring, 37-a first drilling fluid outlet, 38-a second drilling fluid outlet, 39-a first scavenging valve, 40-a first centralizing ring, 41-a second scavenging valve, 42-a second sealing ring, 43-a control valve body, 44-a first reamer, 45-a control valve core, 46-a first heat preservation sleeve, 47-a centralizing sleeve, 48-a cold storage cavity outer pipe, 49-a cold storage cavity inner pipe, 50-a cold storage cavity heat preservation layer, 51-a control rod heat preservation sleeve, 52-a control rod, 53-a third outer pipe, 54-a lower heat preservation pad, 55-a third sealing ring, 56-a fifth spring, 57-stop valve body, 58-heat-preservation sleeve, 59-fourth outer tube, 60-torsion spring, 61-elastic clamp, 62-fourth sealing ring, 63-elastic clamp seat, 64-second elastic pin, 65-stop valve rod, 66-third elastic pin, 67-stop valve seat, 68-flow dividing block, 69-connecting hand, 70-fifth sealing ring, 71-second heat-preservation sleeve, 72-stop ball valve, 73-stop valve core, 74-freezing cavity outer tube, 75-core tube, 76-freezing cavity heat-preservation layer, 77-half-closed tube, 78-freezing cavity inner tube, 79-second centralizing ring, 80-second reamer, 81-outer clamp spring seat, 82-clamp spring, 83-inner clamp spring seat, 84-drill bit, 85-fifth outer tube.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention, the invention is further described below with reference to preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. The following detailed description is illustrative rather than limiting in nature and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Well-known methods, procedures, and components have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the present invention. The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and "fifth" as used herein do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another.
The phase-change fluid, namely the refrigerant, adopted by the invention comprises liquid nitrogen, an alcohol-dry ice mixture, liquid ammonia and an acetone-dry ice mixture; referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4 and fig. 5, the marine natural gas hydrate phase-change refrigeration wireline coring drill of the present embodiment is composed of a fisher, an inner tube assembly and an outer tube assembly, wherein the inner tube assembly includes a suspension mechanism, an adjustment mechanism, a quick exhaust mechanism, a cold source storage mechanism and a hole bottom freezing mechanism;
the fisher comprises a steel wire rope 1, a fixing sleeve 2, a connecting shaft 4, a first upper bearing seat 5, a first bearing 6, a second round nut 7, a first lower bearing seat 8, a fastening screw 9, a first spring 10, a fishing hook 11, a first elastic pin 12 and a shaft sleeve 13, wherein the fixing sleeve 2 is in threaded connection with the connecting shaft 4, the fixing sleeve 2 is pre-tightened by the first round nut 3, the phenomenon that the fixing sleeve 2 is loosened due to vibration is avoided, and the end part of the steel wire rope 1 needs to be tightly pressed on the upper part of the connecting shaft 4 through the fixing sleeve 2; the first upper bearing seat 5 is connected with the first lower bearing seat 8 through threads, the first bearing 6 is arranged in an inner hole of the first upper bearing seat 5, and the first bearing 6 is fixedly connected through threads between the second round nut 7 and the connecting shaft 4; the first lower bearing seat 8 is connected with the shaft sleeve 13 through a fastening screw 9, and the first spring 10 is pressed on the connecting shaft 4 through a bulge on the fishing hook 11 to ensure that the fishing hook 11 is kept at a working position; one end of the fishing hook 11 is connected with the connecting shaft 4 through a first elastic pin 12, and the other end of the fishing hook 11 is clamped on the fishing spearhead 14.
The suspension mechanism comprises a fishing spearhead 14, a suspension ring 16 and a seat ring 17, the fishing spearhead 14 is in threaded connection with the suspension ring 16, the outer diameter of the suspension ring 16 is not larger than that of the seat ring 17, the suspension ring 16 is seated on the seat ring 17 and is in contact connection with the seat ring 17, the seat ring 17 is in threaded connection with the first outer pipe 15, so that the inner pipe assembly is integrally suspended in the outer pipe assembly, a 2-4 mm gap is kept between the bottom of the inner pipe assembly and a drill bit 84, the outer jump ring seat 81 and the drill bit 84 are prevented from being damaged, and the core barrel 75 is prevented from rotating due to contact with the drill bit 84 and water passing performance of the core barrel 75 is guaranteed.
The adjusting mechanism comprises a second upper bearing seat 18, a second bearing 20, a second lower bearing seat 21, a nozzle 22, a third bearing 23, a second spring 24, a baffle ring 25, a fixed baffle ring 26, a third round nut 27, a connecting pipe 28 and a first sealing ring 29; the second upper bearing seat 18 is connected with the fishing spearhead 14 through threads, and the second bearing 20 is fixed on the outer diameter of the second upper bearing seat 18 through the matching of the second upper bearing seat 18 and a second lower bearing seat 21; a clearance of 2 mm-3 mm is formed between the outer diameter of the second upper bearing seat 18 and the inner diameter of the second lower bearing seat 21, so that the second upper bearing seat and the second lower bearing seat can realize single action under the action of the second bearing 20; the oil nozzle 22 is connected with the second lower bearing seat 21 through threads, lubricating oil is added into a cavity of a single-action mechanism consisting of the second upper bearing seat 18, the second bearing 20, the second lower bearing seat 21, the oil nozzle 22 and the third bearing 23 through the oil nozzle 22, and the second bearing 20 and the third bearing 23 are lubricated, radiated and prevented from water; the third bearing 23 is positioned between the second upper bearing seat 18 and the second lower bearing seat 21, and the third bearing 23 and the second bearing 20 are used together to realize the single action between the second upper bearing seat 18 and the second lower bearing seat 21; the lower part of the third bearing 23 is pre-tightened by a second spring 24, the lower part of the second spring 24 is seated on a baffle ring 25, and the baffle ring 25 provides pre-tightening force for the second spring 24; the third round nut 27 is connected with the second upper bearing seat 18 through threads, and the third round nut 27 is fixed by the fixed baffle ring 26 to ensure that the third round nut 27 cannot be loosened due to vibration; the connecting pipe 28 is connected with the second upper bearing seat 18 through threads, and is sealed with a mechanism positioned at the lower part of the connecting pipe through a first sealing ring 29; when the core is broken, the clamp spring 82 drives the inner clamp spring seat 83 to move downwards to compress the second spring 24, the inner clamp spring seat 83 is arranged on the step inside the drill bit 84, and then the force for breaking the core is transmitted to the outer pipe, so that the inner pipe is not stressed in the whole coring process.
The quick exhaust mechanism comprises an exhaust valve seat 30, a steel ball 31, a first exhaust valve core 32, a third spring 33, an elastic retaining ring 34, a second exhaust valve core 35, a fourth spring 36, a first drilling fluid outlet 37, a second drilling fluid outlet 38, a first scavenging valve 39 and a second scavenging valve 41; the exhaust valve seat 30 is connected with the second lower bearing seat 21 through threads, and the lower drilling tool is ensured not to rotate together with the upper drilling tool through a single-action mechanism; the steel ball 31 is not thrown into a central hole of the drilling tool during normal coring, and the steel ball 31 is thrown into the central hole after the coring is finished, so that a drilling fluid channel of the first exhaust valve core 32 is blocked; the first exhaust valve core 32 is connected with the second exhaust valve core 35 through threads, the upper part of the third spring 33 is in contact with the first exhaust valve core 32 to provide a pretightening force for the third spring 33, and the second exhaust valve core 35 provides support for the third spring 33; the snap ring 34 is located between the exhaust valve seat 30 and the second exhaust valve spool 35 to provide cushioning for the second exhaust valve spool 35 as it reciprocates; the upper part of the fourth spring 36 is contacted with the second exhaust valve core 35 and provides pretightening force for the second exhaust valve core, and the exhaust valve seat 30 provides support for the fourth spring 36; the first scavenging valve 39 is connected with the exhaust valve seat 30 through threads, the second scavenging valve 41 is connected with the second exhaust valve core 35 through threads, and gas in the cold storage cavity is exhausted through the suction action between the first scavenging valve 39 and the second scavenging valve 41 during coring; in the normal coring process, the steel ball 31 is not thrown into a central hole of the drilling tool, the drilling fluid enters the drilling tool through a drilling fluid channel in the middle of the drilling tool, then enters a channel in the middle of the first exhaust valve core 32, is discharged from a first drilling fluid outlet 37 on the first exhaust valve core 32, and finally enters a gap between the inner pipe and the outer pipe through a second drilling fluid outlet 38 on the exhaust valve seat 30, so that the circulation of the drilling fluid is realized; after coring, a steel ball 31 is put into a central hole of the drilling tool, the steel ball 31 is located on a first exhaust valve core 32, a drilling fluid channel in the middle of the first exhaust valve core 32 is blocked, the drilling fluid enters the upper part of a second exhaust valve core 35 from a hole in the middle of an exhaust valve seat 30, the pressure of the drilling fluid is increased, and the second exhaust valve core 35 is pushed to compress a fourth spring 36 to move downwards; when the second exhaust valve core 35 moves downwards to the lower part of the second drilling fluid outlet 38, drilling fluid flows out from the second drilling fluid outlet 38, so that the drilling fluid pressure is reduced, and the second exhaust valve core 35 moves upwards under the action of the fourth spring 36, so that the first exhaust valve core 32 and the second exhaust valve core 35 reciprocate; when the second exhaust valve core 35 moves downwards, negative pressure is generated between the second exhaust valve core 35 and the exhaust valve seat 30, and at the moment, gas in the cold storage cavity enters a cavity between the second exhaust valve core 35 and the exhaust valve seat 30 through the second scavenging valve 41; when the second exhaust valve core 35 moves upwards, the cavity between the second exhaust valve seat 30 and the exhaust valve seat is compressed, and gas in the cavity is exhausted to the drilling fluid through the first scavenging valve 39; the gas generated by gasifying the refrigerant is discharged into the drilling fluid through the reciprocating motion of the second exhaust valve core 35, so that the exhaust under the high-pressure state of the hole bottom is realized.
The cold source storage mechanism comprises a second sealing ring 42, a control valve body 43, a control valve core 45, a first heat preservation sleeve 46, a centering sleeve 47, a cold storage cavity outer pipe 48, a cold storage cavity inner pipe 49, a cold storage cavity heat preservation layer 50, a control rod heat preservation sleeve 51, a control rod 52, a lower heat preservation pad 54, a third sealing ring 55, a fifth spring 56, a stop valve body 57, a heat preservation sleeve 58, a torsion spring 60, an elastic clamp 61, a fourth sealing ring 62, an elastic clamp base 63, a second elastic pin 64, a stop valve rod 65, a third elastic pin 66 and a stop valve seat 67; the upper part of the whole cold source storage mechanism ensures the sealing performance of the whole cold storage cavity by a second sealing ring 42; the control valve body 43 is connected with the control rod 52 through threads, the upper part of the control valve body 43 is contacted with the lower part of the second exhaust valve core 35, and when the second exhaust valve core 35 moves downwards, the control valve body 43 is pushed to move downwards; the control valve body 43 is connected with the first heat-insulating sleeve 46 through threads, and the first heat-insulating sleeve 46 ensures that the control valve body 43 exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the cold storage cavity; the control valve core 45 is arranged in the control valve body 43, and the control valve core 45 is connected with the control rod 52; the centralizing sleeve 47 is sleeved outside the control rod heat-insulating sleeve 51 to ensure that the control rod 52 is kept centered in the cold storage cavity; the control rod heat-insulating sleeve 51 is sleeved outside the control rod 52 to ensure that no heat exchange occurs between the control rod 52 and the refrigerant; the control valve body 43 is connected with the cold storage cavity outer pipe 48 through threads; the heat-insulating layer 50 of the cold storage cavity is clamped between the outer pipe 48 of the cold storage cavity and the inner pipe 49 of the cold storage cavity, so that the refrigerant in the cold storage cavity is prevented from exchanging heat with external drilling fluid; the lower heat insulation pad 54 is arranged at the bottom of the cold storage cavity to ensure the sealing property and the heat insulation property of the cold storage cavity; the third sealing ring 55 and the fourth sealing ring 62 are arranged in the ring grooves at the upper part and the lower part of the stop valve body 57 to ensure the sealing performance of the cold source storage mechanism cavity; the upper part of the fifth spring 56 is contacted with the stop valve rod 65 to provide pre-tightening force for the stop valve rod, and the elastic clamping seat 63 provides support for the fifth spring 56; the stop valve rod 65 is connected with the control rod 52 through threads, and the stop valve rod 65 and the control rod 52 move together; the heat-insulating sleeve 58 is positioned inside the stop valve body 57 to ensure that the refrigerant does not vaporize when flowing through; the torsion spring 60 ensures that the elastic clip 61 is kept in an open state, and the elastic clip 61 is connected with the stop valve rod 65 through the second elastic pin 64; the stop valve seat 67 is connected with the stop valve rod 65 through a third elastic pin 66, and the stop valve seat 67 ensures that the elastic clamp 61 is opened at a certain angle; when the second exhaust valve core 35 moves downwards for the first time, the control valve core 45 is pushed to move downwards, the control valve core 45 drives the control rod 52 and the stop valve rod 65 to move downwards, the cold storage cavity is opened, and the refrigerant flows out of the cold storage cavity; when the stop valve rod 65 moves downwards to the lower part of the elastic clamping seat 63, the elastic clamping seat 61 is clamped on the elastic clamping seat 63, and the control rod 52 cannot move upwards to block the cold storage cavity when the second exhaust valve core 35 moves upwards.
The hole bottom freezing mechanism comprises a flow dividing block 68, a connecting hand 69, a fifth sealing ring 70, a second heat insulation sleeve 71, a stop valve ball 72, a stop valve core 73, a freezing cavity outer pipe 74, a core pipe 75, a freezing cavity heat insulation layer 76, a half-closed pipe 77, a freezing cavity inner pipe 78, an outer snap spring seat 81, a snap spring 82 and an inner snap spring seat 83; in the embodiment, the flow dividing block 68 is adhered to the upper part of the connecting hand 69 by glue, so that when the refrigerant is injected into the cavity of the freezing cavity, the flow passage of the refrigerant can be divided, and the refrigerant can be directly injected into the hole of the connecting hand 69; the fifth sealing ring 70 realizes the sealing of the whole freezing cavity; the second heat-insulating sleeve 71 is positioned in a cavity at the upper part of the freezing mechanism, so that the heat exchange between the refrigerant and the outside cannot occur in the flowing process; the stop valve core 73 is connected with the connecting hand 69 through threads, and the stop valve ball 72 is seated on the stop valve core 73, so that external drilling fluid cannot enter a core cavity; the freezing cavity outer tube 74 is connected with the connecting hand 69 through threads, the freezing cavity inner tube 78 is coaxially arranged with the freezing cavity outer tube 74, and a gap is reserved between the freezing cavity inner tube 78 and the freezing cavity outer tube 74; the freezing cavity heat-insulating layer 76 is positioned between the freezing cavity outer pipe 74 and the freezing cavity inner pipe 78, so that the refrigerant is prevented from exchanging heat with the outside in the freezing process, and the cold loss is caused; the core tube 75 is connected with the connecting hand 69 through threads, a half-closed tube 77 is arranged inside the core tube 75, and the whole core tube 75 is split axially by the half-closed tube 77, so that the core is easier to take out of the core tube 75; the outer clamp spring seat 81 is connected with the outer freezing cavity tube 74 through threads, the inner clamp spring seat 83 is connected with the core tube 75 through threads, and the clamp spring 82 is seated on the inner clamp spring seat 83 and used for clamping and breaking the core; when the refrigerant is injected into the cavity of the freezing cavity, the refrigerant and the natural gas hydrate core exchange heat through the core tube 75 and the half-closed tube 77, and the natural gas hydrate core is guaranteed to be frozen to the required temperature.
The outer tube assembly comprises a first outer tube 15, a second outer tube 19, a first centralizing ring 40, a first reamer 44, a third outer tube 53, a fourth outer tube 59, a second centralizing ring 79, a second reamer 80, a drill bit 84 and a fifth outer tube 85, wherein the first outer tube 15 is in threaded connection with the second outer tube 19, the second outer tube 19 is in threaded connection with the first reamer 44, the first centralizing ring 40 is located in an annular groove of the second outer tube 19 and is clamped by the first reamer 44, the first reamer 44 is in threaded connection with the third outer tube 53, the third outer tube 53 is in threaded connection with the fourth outer tube 59, the fourth outer tube 59 is in threaded connection with the fifth outer tube 85, the fifth outer tube 85 is in threaded connection with the second reamer 80, the second centralizing ring 79 is located in an annular groove of the fifth outer tube 85 and is clamped by the second reamer 80, and the second reamer 80 is in threaded connection with the drill bit 84.
The marine natural gas hydrate phase-change refrigeration rope coring method is characterized in that the coring method adopts the marine natural gas hydrate phase-change refrigeration rope coring drilling tool to carry out coring, and comprises the following steps:
a. before drilling the orifice, firstly adjusting the suspension mechanism to ensure that the distance between the lower part of the inner pipe assembly and the drill bit 84 is kept between 2mm and 4mm, and filling a refrigerant into the cold storage cavity;
b. after the next time, the rock core pipe 75 is filled with the rock core, the pump is stopped, and the steel ball 31 is put into the central hole of the drilling tool;
c. after the steel ball 31 is put in, a pump is started to circulate drilling liquid, so that the quick exhaust mechanism, the cold source storage mechanism and the hole bottom freezing mechanism start to act, and the processes of injecting a refrigerant, freezing the rock core and quickly exhausting the hole bottom are carried out;
d. after freezing for 10-20 minutes, the inner pipe assembly is lifted out of the hole;
e. and preserving the core sample by using a liquid nitrogen storage tank or a high-pressure container.
The invention provides a novel drilling tool structure and a coring method thereof.A steel ball 31 is adopted to control the flow of drilling fluid, and a quick exhaust mechanism is controlled to discharge gas generated by gasifying a refrigerant out of the drilling tool, so that the maximum utilization of the energy of the refrigerant is realized.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims, and all structural changes that can be made by using the contents of the description and the drawings of the present invention are intended to be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The marine natural gas hydrate phase-change refrigeration rope coring drilling tool consists of a fisher, an inner pipe assembly and an outer pipe assembly, and is characterized in that the inner pipe assembly comprises a suspension mechanism, an adjusting mechanism, a quick exhaust mechanism, a cold source storage mechanism and a hole bottom freezing mechanism,
the fishing tool comprises a steel wire rope (1), a fixing sleeve (2), a connecting shaft (4), a first upper bearing seat (5), a first bearing (6), a second round nut (7), a first lower bearing seat (8), a fastening screw (9), a first spring (10), a fishing hook (11), a first elastic pin (12) and a shaft sleeve (13), wherein the end part of the steel wire rope (1) is tightly pressed on the upper part of the connecting shaft (4) through the fixing sleeve (2); the first upper bearing seat (5) is connected with the first lower bearing seat (8) through threads; the first bearing (6) is arranged in an inner hole of the first upper bearing seat (5), and the first bearing (6) is fixedly connected with the connecting shaft (4) through a thread between the second round nut (7); the first lower bearing seat (8) is connected with the shaft sleeve (13) through a fastening screw (9); the first spring (10) is pressed on the connecting shaft (4) through a bulge on the fishing hook (11); one end of the fishing hook (11) is connected with the connecting shaft (4) through a first elastic pin (12), and the other end of the fishing hook (11) is clamped on the fishing spearhead (14);
the suspension mechanism comprises a fishing spear head (14), a suspension ring (16) and a seat ring (17), and the fishing spear head (14) is connected with the suspension ring (16) through threads; the outer diameter of the suspension ring (16) is not larger than that of the seat ring (17), the suspension ring (16) is seated on the seat ring (17), and the suspension ring and the seat ring are in contact connection; the seat ring (17) is connected with the first outer pipe (15) through threads, so that the inner pipe assembly is integrally suspended in the outer pipe assembly, and a gap of 2-4 mm is formed between the bottom of the inner pipe assembly and the drill bit (84);
the adjusting mechanism comprises a second upper bearing seat (18), a second bearing (20), a second lower bearing seat (21), a third bearing (23), a second spring (24), a baffle ring (25), a third round nut (27), a connecting pipe (28) and a first sealing ring (29); the second upper bearing seat (18) is connected with the fishing spearhead (14) through threads, and the second bearing (20) is fixed on the outer diameter of the second upper bearing seat (18) through the matching of the second upper bearing seat (18) and a second lower bearing seat (21); a gap is formed between the outer diameter of the second upper bearing seat (18) and the inner diameter of the second lower bearing seat (21) to ensure that the second upper bearing seat (18) and the second lower bearing seat (21) realize single action under the action of the second bearing (20); the third bearing (23) is positioned between the second upper bearing seat (18) and the second lower bearing seat (21), and the third bearing (23) and the second bearing (20) are used together to realize the single action between the second upper bearing seat (18) and the second lower bearing seat (21); the lower part of the third bearing (23) is in contact with the upper part of the second spring (24), the lower part of the second spring (24) is seated on a baffle ring (25), and the baffle ring (25) is used for providing pre-tightening force for the second spring (24); the third round nut (27) is in threaded connection with the second upper bearing seat (18); the connecting pipe (28) is connected with the second upper bearing seat (18) through threads; the first sealing ring (29) is used for realizing the sealing of the connecting pipe (28) and a mechanism positioned at the lower part of the connecting pipe; when the core is blocked, the clamp spring (82) drives the inner clamp spring seat (83) to move downwards to compress the second spring (24); the inner snap spring seat (83) is arranged on an inner step of the drill bit (84), so that the force for pulling off the core is transmitted to the outer pipe, and the inner pipe is not stressed in the whole coring process;
the quick exhaust mechanism comprises an exhaust valve seat (30), a steel ball (31), a first exhaust valve core (32), a third spring (33), an elastic retaining ring (34), a second exhaust valve core (35), a fourth spring (36), a first drilling fluid outlet (37), a second drilling fluid outlet (38), a first scavenging valve (39) and a second scavenging valve (41), and the exhaust valve seat (30) is in threaded connection with the second lower bearing seat (21); the steel ball (31) is not thrown into the central hole of the drilling tool in the coring process, and the steel ball (31) is thrown into the central hole of the drilling tool after coring is finished so as to block a drilling fluid channel of the first exhaust valve core (32); the first exhaust valve core (32) is connected with the second exhaust valve core (35) through threads; the upper part of the third spring (33) is contacted with the first exhaust valve core (32) to provide pretightening force for the first exhaust valve core, and the lower part of the third spring (33) is abutted against the second exhaust valve core (35); the elastic baffle ring (34) is positioned between the exhaust valve seat (30) and the second exhaust valve core (35); the upper part of the fourth spring (36) is in contact with the second exhaust valve core (35) and provides pretightening force for the second exhaust valve core, and the lower part of the fourth spring (36) abuts against the exhaust valve seat (30); the first scavenging valve (39) is connected with the exhaust valve seat (30) through threads, the second scavenging valve (41) is connected with the second exhaust valve core (35) through threads, and in the coring process, gas in the cold storage cavity is exhausted through the suction effect between the first scavenging valve (39) and the second scavenging valve (41); a first drilling fluid outlet (37) is arranged on the first exhaust valve core (32); a second drilling fluid outlet (38) is arranged on the exhaust valve seat (30);
the cold source storage mechanism comprises a second sealing ring (42), a control valve body (43), a control valve core (45), a first heat-preservation sleeve (46), a righting sleeve (47), a cold storage cavity outer pipe (48), a cold storage cavity inner pipe (49), a control rod heat-preservation sleeve (51), a control rod (52), a lower heat-preservation pad (54), a third sealing ring (55), a fifth spring (56), a stop valve body (57), a heat-preservation sleeve (58), a torsion spring (60), an elastic clamp (61), a fourth sealing ring (62), an elastic clamp seat (63), a second elastic pin (64), a stop valve rod (65), a third elastic pin (66) and a stop valve seat (67); the upper part of the whole cold source storage mechanism is sealed by a second sealing ring (42); the control valve body (43) is connected with the control rod (52) through threads, the upper part of the control valve body (43) is contacted with the lower part of the second exhaust valve core (35), and when the second exhaust valve core (35) moves downwards, the control valve body (43) is pushed to move downwards together; the control valve body (43) is connected with the first heat-preserving sleeve (46) through threads; the control valve core (45) is arranged in the control valve body (43), and the control valve core (45) is connected with the control rod (52); the righting sleeve (47) is sleeved outside the control rod heat-insulating sleeve (51); the control rod heat-insulating sleeve (51) is sleeved outside the control rod (52); the outer pipe (48) of the cold storage cavity is connected with the control valve body (43) through threads; the cold storage cavity outer pipe (48) and the cold storage cavity inner pipe (49) are coaxially arranged, and a cold storage cavity heat insulation layer (50) is arranged between the cold storage cavity outer pipe (48) and the cold storage cavity inner pipe (49); the lower heat-insulating pad (54) is arranged at the bottom of the cold storage cavity; the third sealing ring (55) and the fourth sealing ring (62) are respectively arranged in the ring grooves at the upper part and the lower part of the stop valve body (57); the upper part of the fifth spring (56) is contacted with the stop valve rod (65) to provide pretightening force for the fifth spring, and the elastic clamping seat (63) is used for supporting the fifth spring (56); the stop valve rod (65) is connected with the control rod (52) through threads; the heat-insulating sleeve (58) is positioned inside the stop valve body (57); the torsion spring (60) is used for keeping the elastic card (61) in an opening state; the elastic clamp (61) is connected with the stop valve rod (65) through a second elastic pin (64); the stop valve seat (67) is connected with the stop valve rod (65) through a third elastic pin (66), and the stop valve seat (67) is used for enabling the elastic card (61) to be opened by a preset angle;
the hole bottom freezing mechanism comprises a shunting block (68), a connecting hand (69), a fifth sealing ring (70), a second heat-insulating sleeve (71), a stop valve ball (72), a stop valve core (73), a freezing cavity outer tube (74), a core tube (75), a half-closed tube (77), a freezing cavity inner tube (78), an outer clamp spring seat (81), a clamp spring (82) and an inner clamp spring seat (83); the flow distribution block (68) is fixed at the upper part of the connecting hand (69), and the flow distribution block (68) is used for separating a flow passage of the refrigerant, so that the refrigerant is directly injected into a hole of the connecting hand (69); the fifth sealing ring (70) is used for sealing the whole freezing cavity; the second heat-insulating sleeve (71) is positioned in a cavity at the upper part of the hole bottom freezing mechanism; the stop valve core (73) is connected with the connecting hand (69) through threads, and the stop valve ball (72) is seated on the stop valve core (73); the freezing cavity outer tube (74) is connected with the connecting hand (69) through threads; the freezing cavity inner pipe (78) and the freezing cavity outer pipe (74) are coaxially arranged, and a freezing cavity heat-insulating layer (76) is arranged between the freezing cavity inner pipe (78) and the freezing cavity outer pipe (74); the core tube (75) is connected with the connecting hand (69) through threads, a half-closed tube (77) is arranged inside the core tube (75), and the whole core tube (75) is split axially by the half-closed tube (77); the outer snap spring seat (81) is connected with the outer pipe (74) of the freezing cavity through threads; the inner snap spring seat (83) is connected with the core tube (75) through threads; the clamp spring (82) is arranged on the inner clamp spring seat (83), and the clamp spring (82) is used for clamping and breaking the core;
the outer pipe assembly comprises a first outer pipe (15), a second outer pipe (19), a first centralizing ring (40), a first reamer (44), a third outer pipe (53), a fourth outer pipe (59), a second centralizing ring (79), a second reamer (80), a drill bit (84) and a fifth outer pipe (85), wherein the upper end of the second outer pipe (19) is in threaded connection with the first outer pipe (15), and the lower end of the second outer pipe (19) is in threaded connection with the first reamer (44); the first centralizing ring (40) is positioned in the annular groove of the second outer pipe (19) and is clamped by the first underreamer (44); the first reamer (44) is connected with the third outer pipe (53) through threads; the upper end of the fourth outer pipe (59) is connected with the third outer pipe (53) through threads, and the lower end of the fourth outer pipe (59) is connected with the fifth outer pipe (85) through threads; the fifth outer pipe (85) is connected with the second reamer (80) through threads; the second centralizing ring (79) is positioned in the annular groove of the fifth outer pipe (85) and is clamped by the second reamer (80); the second underreamer (80) is threadably connected to the drill bit (84).
2. The marine natural gas hydrate phase change refrigeration rope core drill as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fixing sleeve (2) is connected with the connecting shaft (4) through threads, and the fixing sleeve (2) is pre-tightened by using a first round nut (3).
3. The marine natural gas hydrate phase change refrigeration rope coring drill tool as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a nozzle tip (22), wherein the nozzle tip (22) is connected with the second lower bearing seat (21) through threads, and the nozzle tip (22) is used for adding lubricating oil into a cavity of a single-acting mechanism formed by the second upper bearing seat (18), the second bearing (20), the second lower bearing seat (21), the nozzle tip (22) and the third bearing (23).
4. The marine natural gas hydrate phase change refrigeration wireline coring tool as set forth in claim 1, wherein a fixing retaining ring (26) for fixing the third round nut (27) is provided between the third round nut (27) and the second upper bearing housing (18).
5. The marine natural gas hydrate phase-change refrigeration rope coring method is characterized in that the coring method adopts the marine natural gas hydrate phase-change refrigeration rope coring drilling tool as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 for coring, and comprises the following steps:
a. before drilling the orifice, firstly adjusting a suspension mechanism to ensure that the distance between the lower part of the inner pipe assembly and a drill bit (84) is kept between 2mm and 4mm, and filling a refrigerant into a cold storage cavity;
b. after the repetition is finished, filling the core tube (75) with the core, stopping the pump, and putting a steel ball (31) into the central hole of the drilling tool;
c. after the steel ball (31) is put in, a pump is started to circulate drilling liquid, so that the quick exhaust mechanism, the cold source storage mechanism and the hole bottom freezing mechanism start to act, and the processes of injecting a refrigerant, freezing the rock core and quickly exhausting the hole bottom are carried out;
d. after freezing for 10-20 minutes, the inner pipe assembly is lifted out of the hole;
e. and preserving the core sample by using a liquid nitrogen storage tank or a high-pressure container.
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| CN201811016786.0A CN109098679B (en) | 2018-09-03 | 2018-09-03 | Marine natural gas hydrate phase-change refrigeration rope coring drilling tool and coring method |
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| CN109736736B (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2021-07-27 | 吉林大学 | Direct-cooling core drilling tool for evaporation of seabed loose fragile stratum |
| CN113933097B (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-11-25 | 中山大学 | Unmanned automatic silt discharging and hole forming device |
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