CN109096021B - Colloid adhesive for composite thermite and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Colloid adhesive for composite thermite and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109096021B CN109096021B CN201811110677.5A CN201811110677A CN109096021B CN 109096021 B CN109096021 B CN 109096021B CN 201811110677 A CN201811110677 A CN 201811110677A CN 109096021 B CN109096021 B CN 109096021B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B33/00—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide
- C06B33/12—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide the material being two or more oxygen-yielding compounds
- C06B33/14—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide the material being two or more oxygen-yielding compounds at least one being an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
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Abstract
The invention provides a colloidal adhesive for a composite thermite and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the colloidal adhesive for the composite thermite comprises 23-30 wt% of liquid nitrile rubber and 18-23 wt% of liquid nitrile rubberThe additive comprises 43-57 wt% of diluent and 2-4 wt% of combustion improver, wherein the additive is KNO3The diluent is collodion, and the combustion improver is Mg powder; the colloid adhesive is prepared by uniformly mixing all the components. The preparation method is simple and convenient and easy to operate, the prepared colloidal adhesive can colloidize the composite thermite to achieve the expected viscosity, flow property and combustion property, so that the composite thermite colloid has the adhesive property, plasticity and good combustion property, the traditional application mode of the composite thermite is further improved, a specific mould is not needed to be adopted to form the composite thermite, the limit of the mould is eliminated, and the application field of the composite thermite is expanded.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a colloidal adhesive, in particular to a colloidal adhesive for a composite thermite and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development of a large amount of actual combat training, the generation and destruction of the unexploded ammunition always have great potential safety hazards, particularly the small-sized unexploded ammunition has the characteristics of large number of the unexploded ammunition due to large application base number, light weight, small recovery value, small explosion and killing range, thin shell and the like, and a local destruction processing mode is often adopted. The conventional ammunition destruction methods can be roughly divided into three types, namely an explosion method, a combustion method and a decomposition method, generally, the three methods can be used under the condition that the discarded ammunition still has higher safety and does not explode in the transportation and treatment processes, and a safer and more efficient treatment method is still lacked for some ammunitions which have high potential safety hazards and are inconvenient to move or pretreat.
In view of the above disadvantages, a new destruction method, namely a metal melt flow destruction method, has appeared in recent years, in which a combustion agent made of a composite high-heat agent is used as a explosive charge destruction agent, the combustion agent can be ignited to generate high-temperature molten metal fluid, the metal fluid can be melted through the shell of the unexploded bomb, and the explosive in the unexploded bomb can be ignited until the explosive in the unexploded bomb is completely combusted, so that the unexploded bomb can be destroyed.
At present, the medicament applied to the metal melt flow destruction method is less, and the thermite is generally adopted, namely aluminum powder and metal oxide are compounded, the thermite and the metal oxide are subjected to self-propagating reaction (SHS) to release a large amount of heat, and the generated high-temperature molten product can not only melt through metal, but also ignite internal charge, so that the thermite has wide application prospect in the fields of ammunition destruction, cutting, welding and the like. However, since the thermite is in the form of powder,
the application of the powdery thermite is greatly limited in the application field due to the requirement of a die. The composite thermite combustible colloid is formed by the gelatinization of the thermite, namely the thermite is mixed with the combustible colloid binder, so as to achieve the expected combustion performance, viscosity and flow performance, increase the plasticity of the thermite, get rid of the limitation of a mold, and further improve the application field range.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a colloidal binder for composite thermite to solve the problem of difficult application of powdered thermite.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the colloidal adhesive for the composite thermite, so as to prepare the colloidal adhesive capable of colloidizing the thermite.
The invention also aims to provide application of the colloidal adhesive for the composite thermite.
One of the objects of the invention is achieved by:
a colloid adhesive for a composite thermite comprises 23-30 wt% of liquid nitrile rubber and 18-23 wt% of additiveAn additive, 43-57 wt% of a diluent and 2-4 wt% of a combustion improver, wherein the additive is KNO3The diluent is collodion, and the combustion improver is Mg powder.
Preferably, the amount of said combustion improver (Mg powder) is 2wt%, and said liquid nitrile rubber, KNO3The mass ratio of the collodion to the collodion is 4: 3: 7.
Nitrile rubber (LNGR) has outstanding adhesive properties, is in a viscous liquid state at normal temperature, is in a liquid state with a molecular weight of less than 10000, is yellowish or white, and is odorless. The rubber belongs to a high molecular long-chain organic matter, and the combustion under the weak oxygen condition mainly comprises two stages of combustion and heat release of combustible gas generated by thermal decomposition of the rubber and contact combustion of the separated gas and oxygen on the surface. The combustion process is mainly controlled by the diffusion of the separated gas, the combustion rate is slow, and the reaction spread process of the thermite is faster, so that the reaction spread of the thermite is hindered due to incomplete combustion of rubber.
Additive KNO3Has good stability and can be decomposed to generate O in the combustion process2The gas separated out by the decomposition of the rubber is quickly contacted with the generated oxygen, thereby achieving the purposes of accelerating the reaction rate of the rubber and realizing the complete combustion of the rubber.
Because liquid rubber has the polymer characteristic, viscosity is big and mobility is poor, when mixing with the thermite, too sticky, be unfavorable for mixing, and can increase the proportion of liquid rubber in the thermite colloid, influence thermite combustion behavior. Therefore, it is necessary to dilute the rubber with a diluent. The diluent collodion has good compatibility with rubber and good combustion performance.
The ignition of the thermite needs to reach a high temperature of more than 1500 ℃, the combustion reaction of organic matters is only hundreds of degrees at most, and the temperature is far from the ignition temperature of the thermite, so that a reaction intermediary substance needs to be added into the adhesive, so that the rubber can be reliably ignited, and the thermite can be reliably ignited at the reaction temperature. The ignition temperature of the combustion improver Mg powder is 480-510 ℃, and the reaction temperature can reach 3600 ℃.
When the prepared colloidal adhesive and the composite thermite are mixed and then subjected to combustion reaction, the rubber and the collodion are firstly ignited to combust, so that the Mg powder is ignited, and then the thermite is ignited by virtue of the high reaction temperature of the Mg powder.
The second purpose of the invention is realized by the following steps:
a preparation method of a colloidal adhesive for compounding thermite comprises the following steps:
(a) according to 23-30 wt% of liquid nitrile rubber and 18-23 wt% of KNO3Respectively weighing nitrile butadiene rubber and KNO according to the proportion of 43-57 wt% of collodion and 2-4 wt% of Mg powder3Collodion and Mg powder for later use;
(b) mixing KNO3Grinding into powder, mixing the liquid nitrile-butadiene rubber with KNO3Uniformly mixing to obtain a first mixture;
(c) adding collodion into the first mixture, and uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixture;
(d) and adding Mg powder into the second mixture, and uniformly mixing to obtain the colloidal adhesive.
Preferably, KNO of 80-140 meshes is selected3And ground into a powder at the time of use.
Preferably, the amount of said combustion improver (Mg powder) is 2wt%, and said liquid nitrile rubber, KNO3The mass ratio of the collodion to the collodion is 4: 3: 7.
The third purpose of the invention is realized by the following steps:
the application of the colloid adhesive for the composite thermite in destroying the unexploded bomb is characterized in that the colloid adhesive and the composite thermite are uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of 20-30: 100 to obtain combustible glue, and then the combustible glue is coated on the outer surface of the unexploded bomb and ignited.
Preferably, the coating thickness of the combustible glue is 4-5 cm.
Preferably, the colloid binder and the composite thermite are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 4, and the composite thermite comprises aluminum powder and ferroferric oxide powder according to the mass ratio of 1: 3.
The invention adopts inflammable liquid nitrile rubber as a matrix of a binder, collodion as a diluent of the nitrile rubber, KNO3As additive, Mg powder as glueThe colloid adhesive suitable for the composite thermite is prepared by the reaction medium between the body adhesive and the composite thermite, and the method is simple and convenient and is easy to operate.
The colloid adhesive prepared by the invention can colloidize the composite thermite to obtain combustible glue, achieves the expected viscosity, flow property and combustion property, enables the composite thermite colloid to have adhesive property, plasticity and good combustion property, further improves the traditional application mode of the composite thermite, does not need to adopt a specific mould to form the composite thermite, gets rid of the limitation of the mould, and enlarges the application field of the composite thermite. In the actual use process, the combustible glue can be directly coated on the surface of the unexploded bomb and ignited, and the unexploded bomb can be treated.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are given by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.
Procedures and methods not described in detail in the following examples are conventional methods well known in the art, and the reagents used in the examples are either analytically or chemically pure and are either commercially available or prepared by methods well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. The following examples all achieve the objects of the present invention.
Example 1
Respectively weighing 23g of liquid nitrile rubber with the molecular weight of less than 10000 and 23g of KNO with 80-140 meshes343g of collodion and 2g of Mg powder for later use; mixing KNO3Grinding into powder in a grinder; mixing liquid nitrile rubber and KNO3Putting the mixture into a mixer for mixing, and uniformly stirring to obtain a first mixture; adding collodion into the first mixture, and uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixture; and adding Mg powder into the second mixture, and uniformly stirring to obtain the colloidal binder.
Example 2
Respectively weighing 27g of liquid nitrile rubber with the molecular weight of less than 10000 and 20g of KNO with 80-140 meshes350g of collodion and 3g of Mg powder for later use; mixing KNO3Grinding into powder in a grinder; mixing liquid nitrile rubber and KNO3Putting the mixture into a mixer for mixing, and uniformly stirring to obtain a first mixture; adding collodion into the first mixture, and uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixture; and adding Mg powder into the second mixture, and uniformly stirring to obtain the colloidal binder.
Example 3
Respectively weighing 30g of liquid nitrile rubber with the molecular weight of less than 10000 and 23g of KNO with 80-140 meshes343g of collodion and 4g of Mg powder for later use; mixing KNO3Grinding into powder in a grinder; mixing liquid nitrile rubber and KNO3Putting the mixture into a mixer for mixing, and uniformly stirring to obtain a first mixture; adding collodion into the first mixture, and uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixture; and adding Mg powder into the second mixture, and uniformly stirring to obtain the colloidal binder.
Comparative example 1
Respectively weighing 55g of liquid nitrile rubber with the molecular weight of less than 10000 and 23g of KNO with 80-140 meshes343g of collodion and 2g of Mg powder for later use; mixing KNO3Grinding into powder in a grinder; mixing liquid nitrile rubber and KNO3Putting the mixture into a mixer for mixing, and uniformly stirring to obtain a first mixture; adding collodion into the first mixture, and uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixture; and adding Mg powder into the second mixture, and uniformly stirring to obtain the colloidal binder.
Comparative example 2
Respectively weighing 20.5g of liquid nitrile butadiene rubber with the molecular weight of less than 10000 and 20.5g of KNO with 80-140 meshes355g of collodion and 4g of Mg powder for later use; mixing KNO3Grinding into powder in a grinder; mixing liquid nitrile rubber and KNO3Putting the mixture into a mixer for mixing, and uniformly stirring to obtain a first mixture; adding collodion into the first mixture, and uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixture; and adding Mg powder into the second mixture, and uniformly stirring to obtain the colloidal binder.
Example 4
Selecting aluminum powder with the granularity of 80-100 meshes and ferric oxide powder, and weighing the aluminum powder and the ferric oxide powder according to the mass ratio of 1: 3; adding aluminum powder and ferroferric oxide powder into a mixer, and uniformly mixing to obtain a composite thermite; and (3) putting the composite aluminum heat agent powder into a thermostat with the temperature of 75 ℃, drying for 2h, and taking out. The colloidal binders of comparative examples 1 to 2 and examples 1 to 3 were mixed with the dried composite thermite at a mass ratio of 1: 4 to prepare combustible adhesives, and a combustion test and a cohesive sliding test were performed on aluminum alloy metal plates inclined at 60 degrees and having a roughness of 3.2, respectively, and the experimental results are shown in table 1 below.
Example 5
Destruction test: the colloidal binder prepared in the embodiments 1 to 3 and the dried composite thermite in the embodiment 4 are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 4 to prepare combustible glue, the combustible glue with the thickness of about 4cm to 5cm is coated on the surface of a non-explosive (78-type 82mm armor shell) by adopting an extrusion mechanism of the existing non-explosive in-situ destruction device, the combustible glue is ignited by an ignition mechanism of the non-explosive in-situ destruction device, a destruction test is carried out, and the experimental result is shown in the following table.
Claims (6)
1. The colloid adhesive for the composite thermite is characterized by comprising 23-30 wt% of liquid nitrile rubber, 18-23 wt% of additive, 43-57 wt% of diluent and 2-4 wt% of combustion improver, wherein the additive is KNO3The diluent is collodion, and the combustion improver is Mg powder.
2. The colloidal adhesive for composite thermite according to claim 1, wherein the content of the combustion improver Mg powder is 2wt%, and the liquid nitrile rubber and KNO are mixed together3The mass ratio of the collodion to the collodion is 4: 3: 7.
3. A preparation method of a colloidal adhesive for compounding thermite comprises the following steps:
(a) a colloidal binder as defined in claim 1, wherein said liquid nitrile rubber and said KNO are weighed respectively in accordance with the contents of said components3Collodion and Mg powder for later use;
(b) mixing KNO3Grinding into powder, mixing the liquid nitrile-butadiene rubber with KNO3Uniformly mixing to obtain a first mixture;
(c) adding collodion into the first mixture, and uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixture;
(d) and adding Mg powder into the third mixture, and uniformly mixing to obtain the colloidal adhesive.
4. The method for preparing the colloidal adhesive of the composite thermite according to claim 3, wherein in the step (a), 80-140 mesh KNO is selected3。
5. The method for preparing the colloidal adhesive of the composite thermite according to claim 3, wherein in the step (a), the content of the combustion improver is 2wt%, and the liquid nitrile rubber and KNO are adopted3The mass ratio of the collodion to the collodion is 4: 3: 7.
6. The application of the colloidal adhesive for the composite thermite in destroying the unexploded bomb according to claim 1 is characterized in that the colloidal adhesive and the composite thermite are uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of 20-30: 100 to obtain combustible glue, and then the combustible glue is coated on the outer surface of the unexploded bomb and ignited.
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| CN201811110677.5A CN109096021B (en) | 2018-09-21 | 2018-09-21 | Colloid adhesive for composite thermite and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN201811110677.5A CN109096021B (en) | 2018-09-21 | 2018-09-21 | Colloid adhesive for composite thermite and preparation method and application thereof |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4840473B1 (en) * | 1968-12-24 | 1973-11-30 | ||
| RU2475466C1 (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2013-02-20 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Центральный научно-исследовательский институт химии и механики" (ФГУП "ЦНИИХМ") | Composition for producing mock-up charges |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105806166B (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2017-07-11 | 中国人民解放军军械工程学院 | One kind destroys unexploded ordnance flammable glue and preparation method and application |
| CN105716488B (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2017-07-11 | 中国人民解放军军械工程学院 | A kind of dud apparatus for destroying and destroying method on the spot |
| CN106091854B (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2017-11-24 | 中国人民解放军军械工程学院 | A kind of flammable glue and its application method for being used to destroy not quick-fried grenade on the spot |
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- 2018-09-21 CN CN201811110677.5A patent/CN109096021B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4840473B1 (en) * | 1968-12-24 | 1973-11-30 | ||
| RU2475466C1 (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2013-02-20 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Центральный научно-исследовательский институт химии и механики" (ФГУП "ЦНИИХМ") | Composition for producing mock-up charges |
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