CN109093073A - A kind of cast shaping process based on evaporative pattern - Google Patents
A kind of cast shaping process based on evaporative pattern Download PDFInfo
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- CN109093073A CN109093073A CN201811017556.6A CN201811017556A CN109093073A CN 109093073 A CN109093073 A CN 109093073A CN 201811017556 A CN201811017556 A CN 201811017556A CN 109093073 A CN109093073 A CN 109093073A
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- cast
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- molding sand
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
- B22C9/046—Use of patterns which are eliminated by the liquid metal in the mould
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C15/00—Moulding machines characterised by the compacting mechanism; Accessories therefor
- B22C15/10—Compacting by jarring devices only
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cast shaping process based on evaporative pattern, are related to casting technique, its key points of the technical solution are that: including preparation process, make cast model；Core step is made, high-temperature resistant coating is coated outside cast model and is sufficiently dried；When increasing molding sand into sandbox, in batches into increase, after molding sand of every increases, to sandbox progress jolt ramming；In vibration, core will be cast using fixed bracket to fix with respect to ground using carrying out jolt ramming to the molding sand in sandbox by the way of being stepped up molding sand, it in this way can be excessive to avoid the vibration force disposably acted on cast model, influence of the molding sand to casting core can be reduced, the compaction rate that can also guarantee molding sand simultaneously enables molding sand full of cast model；Bracket can play a supporting role to cast model, minimize the vibration of cast model, play further protection to cast model, and supporting structure is simple, can be adaptable according to the configuration design of cast model, easy to operate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of casting techniques, more specifically, it relates to a kind of cast shaping process based on evaporative pattern.
Background technique
Lost foam casting (also known as cavityless casting) is by paraffin similar with casting dimension shape or bubbles model bonding group
Synthetic model cluster is embedded in vibration molding in drystone sand, is poured under negative pressure, make model gas after brushing fireproof coating and drying
Change, liquid metals occupies modal position, and the novel casting method of casting is formed after solidification is cooling.Lost-foam casting method has casting
The advantages that part dimensional accuracy is high, surface roughness is low, production process is simple, material consumption is few, be currently widely used for cast iron,
The industrial production of cast steel, aluminum casting.
Notification number provides a kind of lost foam casting work for being suitable for cast iron materials for the utility model of CN101554644B
Skill, first production foam physical model；Foam physical model is applied into fireproof coating and is sufficiently dried, forms cast gate on sandbox
It after runner, fixes and buries the foam physical model with green-sand, then cast gate and exhaust passage are set；Then by molten
The cast iron materials temperature control in predetermined temperature, be poured by cast gate.Traditional molding sand is replaced with green-sand, is reduced
Sand hole defect, obtained casting quality can be guaranteed.
When in use, it when being cast using molding sand, after model is put into sandbox, needs to place in sandbox
Onto shake table, jolt ramming operation is carried out, in vibration processes, model can follow in sandbox and sandbox under the drive of molding sand
Molding sand vibrates together, when time of vibration is too long, it may appear that model and the fracture of dead head model junction or two neighboring model
Between there is inconsistent phenomenon, cause model to damage；But time of vibration is too short, and not can guarantee the closely knit of molding sand in sandbox
Degree, cast(ing) surface out-of-flatness after casting finishes.
Summary of the invention
It in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, can the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cast shaping process based on evaporative pattern
To avoid model because the vibration of sandbox, which damage occurs simultaneously, can guarantee the jolt ramming effect of molding sand in sandbox again.
Above-mentioned technical purpose of the invention has the technical scheme that a kind of casting based on evaporative pattern
Moulding process, including
Step S1: preparation process makes cast model；
Step S2: making core step, including step S21, and high-temperature resistant coating is coated outside cast model and is sufficiently dried；Step S22,
Dead head model is fixed on cast model, cast model and dead head model form casting core after fixing；Step S23, in sandbox
One layer of bed load of interior laying, then casting core is put into sandbox, then fills up molding sand for sandbox, and by molding sand vibration ramming in sandbox；
The casting feedstock of melting is poured into sandbox by dead head model and is carried out by step S3, casting step, melting casting feedstock
Casting forms casting after cooling；
In step S23, when increasing molding sand into sandbox, in batches into increase, after molding sand of every increases, to sandbox progress
Jolt ramming；In vibration, core will be cast using fixed bracket and fixed with respect to ground.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal: jolt ramming is carried out to the molding sand in sandbox by the way of being stepped up molding sand, this
Sample can be excessive to avoid the vibration force disposably acted on cast model, can reduce influence of the molding sand to casting core, simultaneously also
The compaction rate that can guarantee molding sand enables molding sand full of cast model；Bracket can play support to cast model and make
With minimizing the vibration of cast model, play further protection to cast model, supporting structure is simple, can basis
The configuration design of cast model, it is adaptable, it is easy to operate.
Preferably, molding sand adds in three times in the step S23, the height of addition is cast core height two for the first time
/ mono-, the height of second of addition is to cast a quarter of core height, is added at the top of sandbox for the third time.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal: the height of addition is to cast the half of core height for the first time, and molding sand is added to
The contour position with cast model center of gravity, cast model are positioned in sandbox, can be eased off the pressure in this way for bracket, and second
The height of secondary addition is to cast a quarter of core height, can molding sand is filled into cast model as far as possible, third time
It is added at the top of sandbox, binds to sandbox, prepare for casting.
Preferably, sandbox used in step S23, including bottom plate and several casees being sequentially overlapped above bottom plate
Frame is equipped with fixed device and sealing device between bottom plate and box-frame, between box-frame and box-frame.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal: in practical operation, can be selected folded according to the height for the molding sand being currently laid with
The quantity of the box-frame added, when vibration ramming finishes and then increases box-frame as needed, in this way in first time and second of addition
When molding sand, casting pattern surrounding is in very open state, and support bracket fastened bite is more, and support effect is more preferable.
Preferably, in the step S23, it is added in molding sand and accounts for sand amount than the resin for 0.8%-1.2%, it is mixed in resin
Close the curing agent for having the 30%-65% for accounting for amount of resin.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal: increasing resin and curing agent, the inside bonding strength of molding sand can be improved, keep away
It is excessively loose to exempt from molding sand, so that there is molding sand good mobility, demoulding time to be adjusted, intensity is high after hardening, has easily tightly
It is real, the advantages that collapsibility good easy to clean, guarantee the dimensional accuracy and exterior contour clarity of casting.
Preferably, the step S1 includes: step S11, bead is carried out using pre-foaming machine or steam pre-foaming machine
Prefoam, so that bead expands；The bead of prefoam is placed in dry and ventilated feed bin by step S12, removes surface of beads
Moisture content；Step S13, it is type that the bead of curing is filled into metal die is intracavitary and heat bead, so that bead reexpands
And type chamber is filled up, cast model is formed after cooling.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal: the cast model processed using aforesaid operations mode, density and intensity are suitable
In, it can effectively guarantee the quality of successive castings product.And it is easy to operate, after more mold exchange, it can produce difference
The cast model of model, it is adaptable.
Preferably, in step S21, high-temperature resistant coating with a thickness of 1-2mm；After coating finishes, cast model is put
Enter drying in 45-50 ° of baking room.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal: if high-temperaure coating is too thin small to the humidification of cast model, being easy to produce
Raw scab phenomenon；If but high-temperaure coating is too thick, poor air permeability, the easy cracking of cast model when being cast
It peels off, and extends the drying time of coating.Cast model is put into 45-50 ° of baking room, drying temperature is moderate, can keep away
Exempt from cast model because quick dehydration leads to dry and cracked phenomenon.
Preferably, in the step S23, it is covered with plastic film at the top of sandbox, in the step S3, in sandbox
Upper connection negative pressure system, negative pressure system will be evacuated in sandbox when casting.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal: negative pressure system can not only make the molding sand more consolidation of cast model surrounding, and
And cast model gasifies under the heat effect of liquid metals, the gas of gasification enters negative pressure system, liquid gold by coating, molding sand
Category constantly occupies cast model position, ultimately forms casting.
Preferably, being detachably equipped with several vibrating heads fixed with the bottom plate of sandbox in sandbox in the step S23.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal: vibrating head can follow bottom plate to vibrate together, and such vibrating head can be by bottom plate
Vibration be transmitted to inside sandbox, improve molding sand compacting effect, vibrating head is detachably arranged, can be according to the shape of cast model
Shape reasonably selects the distribution of vibrating head, easy to operate.
Preferably, further including step S4, post-processing step, mould turnover takes out casting, roughly grinds and cuts off pouring on casting and emits
Mouthful.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal: mould turnover takes out casting, roughly grinds and cut off the dead head on casting, checks casting matter
Amount, storage storage, the dead head cut down still can be melted and be reused, avoid energy waste, economize on resources.
Preferably, casting feedstock is cast iron in step S3, cast iron carries out casting behaviour after being heated to 1,420 1 1550 DEG C
Make.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal:；In this implementation, cast raw material is cast iron, and cast iron is heated to 1,420 1
Pouring operation is carried out after 1550 DEG C, the aluminum water of melting is entered inside cast model by dead head model.
In conclusion the invention has the following advantages:
1, the jolt ramming effect of molding sand is good in sandbox, and the spoilage bottom of model has saved production cost and effectively raised life
Produce efficiency；
2, it is adapted to the production of the casting of different model, it is adaptable.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the technical process figure of the present embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the sandbox structural schematic diagram of the present embodiment.
In figure: 1, sandbox；2, bottom plate；3, box-frame；31, ring flange；4, fixing bolt；5, sealing ring.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing 1-2, invention is further described in detail.
A kind of cast shaping process based on evaporative pattern, including step S1: preparation process makes cast model, casting mould
Type is identical as casting dimension, and shape is consistent, the later period casting when, after pouring into the casting feedstock of melting, cast model gasification and
1:1 is replaced into casting, step S1 the following steps are included:
Step S11, pre-expansion step carry out prefoam to bead using pre-foaming machine or steam pre-foaming machine, so that bead is swollen
Swollen, in this implementation, bead can be one of EPS, STMMA either EPMMA, carry out phase in the present embodiment by taking EPS as an example
The foaming degree of the explanation answered, particle is selected according to the material of bead, and prefoam process determines the density of cast model,
Existing on the stability of the size of casting and precision influences.
The bead of prefoam is placed in dry and ventilated feed bin dry, removal bead table by step S12, maturation stage
The moisture content in face and inside, the curing time, different materials selected the corresponding curing time in 8-48h, EPS in the present embodiment
Curing time is 10h, can not only guarantee that bead moisture evaporation is complete, but also production efficiency can be improved, energy saving.
Step S13, foaming step is intracavitary by type that the bead of curing is filled into metal die and heat bead, makes
It obtains bead to reexpand and fill up type chamber, forms cast model, the cavity dimension and casting dimension shape of metal die after cooling
Completely the same, after such cast model molding, form factor is i.e. identical as casting, and difference is that material is different.
After the completion of prefoam, cast model first one-step forming subsequently enters step S2: making core step, producing can be into
The casting core that row pours, casting core are mainly formed by cast model and dead head models coupling, and dead head model is to pour runner,
Facilitate the casting material of melting to flow into cast model, specifically include:
Step S21 coats high-temperature resistant coating outside cast model and sufficiently dries, and the selection of high-temperature resistant coating is very crucial
One step, the high-temperature resistant coating of selection need to have good intensity, gas permeability, being coated with property, fire resistance and suspension, and
It pours and needs once to fall off after finishing, casting is post-processed with facilitating.In addition, when winter applies cast model
When covering work, high-temperature resistant coating can be preheated, to guarantee the coating effect of high-temperature resistant coating.Final high-temperature resistant coating
Scab phenomenon is easy to produce because if high-temperaure coating is too thin small to the humidification of cast model with a thickness of 1-2mm；But
If being that high-temperaure coating is too thick, poor air permeability, cast model is easy cracking peeling when being cast, and extends painting
The drying time of layer.After coating finishes, cast model is put into 45-50 ° of baking room and is dried.
Step S22 fixes dead head model on cast model, and cast model and dead head model are formed after fixing to be cast
Core in the present embodiment, is fixed between cast model and dead head model by the glue stick melted, the fast adhesive effect of adhering speed
It is good, later period casting is influenced small；
Step S23, step S23 are one of most important steps during lost foam casting process, and casting core is buried sandbox 1
It is interior, it prepares for casting.It is laid with one layer of bed load first in sandbox 1, then casting core is put into sandbox 1, then fills up sandbox 1
Molding sand, and by molding sand vibration ramming in sandbox 1, so that molding sand is full of each position of cast model, increase the bulk density of molding sand,
Make molding sand generate dynamic in sandbox by vibration to flow, improve the lex primaria and density of molding sand, prevent casting flaw.
To avoid causing the damage of casting core when vibrating sandbox 1, when increasing molding sand into sandbox 1, in batches into increasing
Add, after molding sand of every increase, jolt ramming is carried out to sandbox 1, jolt ramming is carried out to sandbox 1 by the way of being stepped up molding sand, this
Sample can be excessive to avoid the vibration force disposably acted on cast model, can reduce influence of the molding sand to casting core, simultaneously also
The compaction rate that can guarantee molding sand enables molding sand full of cast model.Molding sand adds in three times, for the first time the height of addition
Degree is the half of casting core height, and molding sand is added to the position contour with cast model center of gravity, cast model quilt in sandbox 1
It positions, the height of second of addition is to cast a quarter of core height, is added to 1 top of sandbox for the third time.In addition, for the first time
After addition finishes, time of vibration control is in 2-4min, and for the second time and third time is added after finishing, time of vibration 1-
2min reduces the time of vibration of second and third time, can effectively avoid because the vibration of molding sand is to casting mould
Type impacts.
In order to further be impacted to cast model, in vibration, core will be cast using fixed bracket and consolidated with respect to ground
Fixed firmly bracket can play a supporting role to cast model, minimize the vibration of cast model, play protection to cast model and make
With the shape and structure of bracket can be according to the configuration designs of cast model.
In addition, for convenience casting pattern is fixed, the sandbox 1 used in step S23, including bottom plate 2 and
Be sequentially overlapped on a base plate 2 square several box-frames 3, can according to the height for the molding sand being currently laid with, the box-frame 3 of selective stacking
Quantity, when vibration ramming finishes and then increases box-frame 3 as needed, in this way when adding molding sand for the first time and for the second time, casting
Modeling type surrounding is in very open state, and support bracket fastened bite is more, and support effect is more preferable.In bottom plate 2 and case
Fixed device and sealing device are equipped between frame 3, between box-frame 3 and box-frame 3.Fixed device includes being arranged at 3 both ends of box-frame
Ring flange 31 and fixed adjacent ring flange 31 fixing bolt 4, bottom plate 2 is equipped with the bolt hole cooperated with ring flange 31,
It is screwed in for the fixing bolt 4 on the box-frame 3 of the bottom.Sealing device includes the sealing ring 5 being arranged on adjacent flanges disk 31, knot
Fruit is simple, and replacement maintenance is very convenient.
In order to further increase the jolt ramming effect of molding sand, detachably it is equipped in sandbox 1 several fixed with the bottom plate 2 of sandbox 1
Vibrating head, vibrating head be an iron staff or the club shaped structure made of other hard materials, on a base plate 2 be equipped with several counterbores,
It is fixed on a base plate 2 by way of grafting, vibrating head can follow bottom plate 2 to vibrate together, and such vibrating head can be by bottom plate 2
Vibration be transmitted to inside sandbox 1, improve molding sand compacting effect.Counterbore be several, array be arranged on a base plate 2, according to
The shape and size of cast model, reasonably select the distribution of vibrating head.
In addition, in step S23, it is added in molding sand and accounts for sand amount than the resin for 0.8%-1.2%, be mixed with and account in resin
The curing agent of the 30%-65% of amount of resin increases resin and curing agent, the inside bonding strength of molding sand can be improved, avoid type
Sand is excessively loose, so that there is molding sand good mobility, demoulding time to be adjusted, intensity is high after hardening, has easy consolidation, bursts
The advantages that dissipating property good easy to clean, guarantees the dimensional accuracy and exterior contour clarity of casting.
After casting core is embedded to be finished, S3, casting step, melting casting feedstock, by the casting feedstock of melting are entered step
It is poured into sandbox 1 and is cast by dead head model, EPS cast model gasifies under the heat effect of liquid metals, gasification
Gas enters negative pressure system by coating, molding sand, and liquid metals constantly occupies EPS cast model position, ultimately forms casting；This
In implementation, cast raw material is cast iron, pouring operation is carried out after cast iron is heated to 1,420 1 1550 DEG C, the aluminum water of melting passes through
Dead head model, enters inside cast model.
In step s3, negative pressure system is connected on sandbox 1, negative pressure system will be evacuated in sandbox 1 when casting.Negative pressure system
System has secondary consolidation to act in the molding sand of vibration ramming, improves the stiction between gravel, manufactures for negative pressure sandbox stable
Negative pressure field makes molding sand be formed under atmospheric pressure effect.Negative pressure system is formed in sandbox 1 in order to stable, in step
In S23, after having added molding sand for the third time, it is covered with plastic film at the top of sandbox 1, is can reduce in sandbox 1 in this way
Gas circulation, forms certain vacuum state under the action of negative pressure system in sandbox 1, the pressure in atmospheric pressure and cast model
Difference gravel is bonded together, guarantee casting mold casting process not disintegration.
It pours after finishing casting cooling and shaping, enters step S4, post-processing step, mould turnover takes out casting, roughly grinds and cut off
Dead head on casting checks casting quality, storage storage；And cooling is carried out to molding sand, is screened, the scum in molding sand is removed
And the impurity that other casting process generate, finally molding sand is stored than spare.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is not limited merely to above-mentioned implementation
Example, all technical solutions belonged under thinking of the present invention all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the art
Those of ordinary skill for, several improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, these improvements and modifications
It should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of cast shaping process based on evaporative pattern, including
Step S1: preparation process makes cast model；
Step S2: making core step, including step S21, and high-temperature resistant coating is coated outside cast model and is sufficiently dried；Step S22,
Dead head model is fixed on cast model, cast model and dead head model form casting core after fixing；Step S23, in sandbox
(1) it is laid with one layer of bed load in, then casting core is put into sandbox (1), sandbox (1) is then filled up into molding sand, and by sandbox (1) inner mold
Sand vibration ramming；
Step S3, casting step, melting casting feedstock pour into the casting feedstock of melting in sandbox (1) by dead head model
It casts, forms casting after cooling；
It is characterized by: in step S23, when increasing molding sand into sandbox (1), in batches into increase, every increase dispensable mould
After sand, jolt ramming is carried out to sandbox (1)；In vibration, core will be cast using fixed bracket and fixed with respect to ground.
2. the cast shaping process according to claim 1 based on evaporative pattern, it is characterised in that: in the step S23, type
Sand adds in three times, and the height of addition is to cast the half of core height for the first time, and the height of second of addition is casting core height
A quarter, be added at the top of sandbox (1) for the third time.
3. the cast shaping process according to claim 1 or 2 based on evaporative pattern, it is characterised in that: used in step S23
Sandbox (1), including bottom plate (2) and several box-frames (3) being sequentially overlapped above bottom plate (2), bottom plate (2) and box-frame (3)
Between, fixed device and sealing device are equipped between box-frame (3) and box-frame (3).
4. the cast shaping process according to claim 3 based on evaporative pattern, it is characterised in that: in the step S23,
It is added in molding sand and accounts for sand amount than the resin for 0.8%-1.2%, be mixed with the curing agent for accounting for the 30%-65% of amount of resin in resin.
5. the cast shaping process according to claim 2 based on evaporative pattern, it is characterised in that: the step S1 includes:
Step S11 carries out prefoam to bead using pre-foaming machine or steam pre-foaming machine, so that bead expands；Step S12, will be pre-
The bead of foaming is placed in dry and ventilated feed bin, removes the moisture content of surface of beads；Step S13 fills the bead of curing
Type to metal die is intracavitary and heats bead, so that bead reexpands and fills up type chamber, forms cast model after cooling.
6. the cast shaping process according to claim 5 based on evaporative pattern, it is characterised in that: in step S21, high temperature resistant
Coating with a thickness of 1-2mm；After coating finishes, cast model is put into 45-50 ° of baking room and is dried.
7. the cast shaping process according to claim 6 based on evaporative pattern, it is characterised in that:
In the step S23, it is covered with plastic film at the top of sandbox (1), in the step S3, is connected on sandbox (1)
Negative pressure system, negative pressure system will be evacuated in sandbox (1) when casting.
8. the cast shaping process according to claim 7 based on evaporative pattern, it is characterised in that: in the step S23, sand
Several vibrating heads fixed with the bottom plate (2) of sandbox (1) are detachably equipped in case (1).
9. the cast shaping process according to claim 1 based on evaporative pattern, it is characterised in that: it further include step S4, after
Processing step, mould turnover take out casting, roughly grind and cut off the dead head on casting.
10. the cast shaping process according to claim 9 based on evaporative pattern, it is characterised in that: in step S3, casting is former
Material is cast iron, and cast iron carries out pouring operation after being heated to 1,420 1 1550 DEG C.
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| CN109899610A (en) * | 2019-03-16 | 2019-06-18 | 安庆泽远化工有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing process of anti-leak chemical pipeline flange |
| CN109899610B (en) * | 2019-03-16 | 2020-12-22 | 安徽松之梦科技有限公司 | Manufacturing process of anti-leakage chemical pipeline flange |
| CN110318007A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2019-10-11 | 靖江市高新窑炉材料有限公司 | A kind of material and its processing technology of De-scaling box Wiper blade |
| CN111185574A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-05-22 | 浙江浦江精宇铸造有限公司 | Lost foam casting process of nodular iron casting |
| CN111185574B (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2021-02-19 | 浙江浦江精宇铸造有限公司 | Lost foam casting process of nodular iron casting |
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Address after: 318050 No. 5 Platinum Road, Taizhou Metal Resources Recycling Industry Base, Luqiao District, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province Applicant after: Taizhou Judong Precision Casting Co., Ltd. Address before: 318050 No. 5 Platinum Road, Taizhou Metal Resources Recycling Industry Base, Luqiao District, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province Applicant before: Taizhou Jinyicheng Renewable Resources Recovery Co., Ltd. |
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Application publication date: 20181228 |