CN109091787A - A kind of fire safety control system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of fire safety control systems, one embodiment of the system attempts the region around flame range and provides extinguishing chemical, to accommodate flame in finite region, but not bigger region needed for flooding than accommodating flame, additionally provide sprinkler, it is optionally automatically electrically activated, optionally other than common heat triggering, sensor can be embedded in sprinkler, it additionally provides to change by electric state and reports the sprinkler of its activation and by such as flow switch, valve status switch and each sensor, wireless communication and control panel are provided between the network node of sprinkler and other ports etc come reduce installation cost and improve fire-fighting and/or receiving system of preventing fires resolution ratio device.A kind of fire safety control system of the invention can reduce the damage of fire and water or miscellaneous agent to the maximum extent.

Description

A kind of fire safety control system

Technical field

The present invention relates to fire-fighting systems, control the various elements of fire suppressant distribution system more particularly, to offer to control A kind of fire safety control system damaged caused by fire processed and limitation thus.

Background technique

Fire-fighting system, the fire extinguishing system especially with spray head be it is common, in most of fire-sprinkling systems, fire extinguishing Agent is water, and for simplicity, these specifications will use water to be equivalent to any extinguishing chemical, and sprinkling system is divided by distribution system With extinguishing chemical, to respond the activation of sprinkler, usually by sprinkler connection sensor sensing smog, heat, burning gases or flame Sensor etc..Sprinkler system generally can be divided into two major classes, i.e. wet type and dry type sprinkler system, in wet type spray irrigation system, when being For system when being equiped with arms, pressure (hydraulic) water is supplied to always sprinkler, and temperature-sensitive element keeps each water sprinkler to close, usually by directly or It is indirectly coupled to closure elements such as plug, when environment temperature, which increases, is more than certain level, when can occur when such as fire, thermal element Part trips and discharges closure elements, and water is allowed to flow out from water sprinkler.Water is usually dispersed by deflector to cover biggish region, because This, water is sprayed in fire, and fire is extinguished.In dry type sprinkler system, control valve keeps water before distribution system, this is System is usually drying, and when detecting fire, control valve is opened, and water is allowed to enter distribution system, general in dry system Logical spray head is similar to wet sprinkler or open spray head, and in the system using opening nozzle, water can be from being exposed to pressure (hydraulic) water It is sprayed in all nozzles.

It is largely dry type fire extinguishing system in certain form of fire extinguishing system, when detecting fire, water passes through immediately All distribution system distribution.In some cases, branch valve is configured as that only flowing being limited in certain branches, however, The concept of fire-sprinkling system is to handle part or very big part or even the whole system of fire, a base of fire-fighting system This hypothesis is that the main function of system is fire extinguishing.However, a basic assumption of fire containment aspect of the invention is fire-fighting peace System-wide main function is fire control and containment, is damaged to the minimum of soul and property, on the basis of this hypothesis, first It is an article or the concept that a region to have caught fire is likely to be broken when repairing water jet, meanwhile, if in fire Before reaching these articles and area, first article is comprised in fire, then the uneven distribution of water may damage other The article of non-harm or area.Fire-fighting method known to a kind of is referred to as " defensive attack ", commonly known as " surround and excessive Water ", this is the exposure in order to limit nearby buildings, when the risk for entering burning structure is considered for fire fighter endangering very much Danger, this method cause heavy losses to the structure under fire, but can make the destruction around fireman's limitation.However, this side What method was usually determined by fire fighter when reaching scene, rather than automatically, therefore, it is for putting out a fire and damaging limitation System, there are no answers so far, this will reduce the damage of fire and water or miscellaneous agent to the maximum extent, this may be damaged Protected article.However, sprinkler, system and support equipment are needed further exist for improve fire safety, in addition it is also necessary to spray The distant station that the activation of themselves can be transmitted to such as controller by device is spilt, preferably to control fire, accelerates system Activation provides early stage and more localization alarms, and optionally improves fire savety.In addition it is also necessary to reduce fire extinguishing system The system and installation cost of system, fire alarm system etc..

Technical solution

The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing a kind of fire safety control systems, which is characterized in that the system System includes: controller；Fire suppressant distribution system is connected to extinguishing chemical feeding mechanism, and fire suppressant distribution system is at least partly In shielded volume and there is multiple distribution ports, each distribution port and at least one region that can protect volume Associated, the port is connected to controller and can be activated, so that extinguishing chemical is at least discharged into their own phase It closes in region；Multiple sensors are arranged in the volume, at least first sensor and the appearance in the multiple sensor Long-pending first area is associated, and the first sensor carries out data communication with the controller and can communicate with and examine The relevant condition measured；Controller be adapted at least first sensor detect event of fire and activate one group of port with Disperse extinguishing chemical, includes at least first port in activation component region spatially adjacent with first area.

Optionally, activation component includes at least one port in region associated with first sensor.

Optionally, wherein first sensor includes water sprinkler.

Optionally, wherein sprinkler and distribution system fluid coupling, wherein its activation at least makes extinguishing chemical in phase therewith Initial dispersion in associated region.

Optionally, wherein the activation component includes multiple ports, and the multiple port, which is located at, at least partly laterally wraps Enclose the first area.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

A kind of fire safety control system of the invention can reduce fire and water or miscellaneous agent to the maximum extent Damage.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 depicts simplified exemplary fire-sprinkling system.

Fig. 2 is by the detailed view of the volume of exemplary spray system protection.

Embodiment

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below so that advantages and features of the invention can be easier to by It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that so as to make a clearer definition of the protection scope of the present invention.

Basic principle in terms of fire prevention containment system of the invention is carried out around kindling, it is assumed that fire starts detecting It is persistently damaged before fire, and to put out when fire source needs or otherwise handle, the conflagration area of surrounding is protected to provide Best solution, to reduce fire damage to the greatest extent.Meanwhile the principle regulation, in most of environment, the fiery agent that disappears is entire Disperse on fire source or its signal portion, cause unnecessary harm in the distal end of fire source, in addition, the extinguishing chemical distribution of differentiation is not added The supply of this inhibitor from the most desirable region may be reduced.It is worth noting that, fire must be monitored, if Continue to expand, it is necessary to expand besieged region.Therefore, in a broad sense version of fire safety system, when in the firstth area When detecting fire in domain, in these specifications, " flame range " will be referred to as, direct region and fire of the extinguishing chemical around flame range Disaster area discharges automatically in domain, waits fire spread to surrounding area.However, fire prevention dispersing agent is not dispersed in shielded body dispersedly In product, the region of fire spread to surrounding is also monitored, if the intensity of a fire expands to any one peripheral region around flame range really Domain, flame range are just expanded to and are comprised an area of which, and discharge extinguishing chemical automatically in the region around he extends, then divide Area, etc..It according to the property of system and volume to be protected, can laterally be carried out around flame range, and optionally vertical Ground carries out, such as above and below the flame range of the contiguous floors in protected structure.As shown in Figure 1, should be in point of distribution system Important differentiation is carried out between branch and " region " as described herein, branch covers a big chunk of protected volume, such as Floor, retainer, structure etc..On the contrary, a region is much smaller, and define one it is generally acknowledged can protection location, usually by few The fire dispersing agent discharge outlet and sensor of amount characterizes event of fire.Although representative region is comprising single electric discharge port and individually Sensor, but this is not compulsory, and region may include multiple ports, and they are connected with each other in their operating aspect. So that it takes up a position, for example, the region in house may include the office in single room or office building, the memory block in warehouse The a part in domain, the holding part in container, the segmentation on floor, etc. in parking lot.For example, the single room in building It may include more than one sprinkler and multiple event of fire sensors, room can be considered as single region or each spray Single region can be formed by spilling device and/or sensor.In general, region is considered as volume that can be separately protected, region is by protect What the type of the volume of shield determined.In addition, port may include single flow control element and single outlet, but in certain realities It applies in example, port can also include multiple outlets.For example, include flow control and suppression when a port may include one When producing the single water jet of mouth, another port may include a solenoid valve, it is connected to one with one or more On the pipeline of outlet, for example, extinguishing chemical will be directed to different piece by port, an example of such arrangement is to work as extinguishing chemical When being directed into the single storage tank for accommodating combustible material in a storage tank, since the fire in water tank can expand rapidly to cover oil Case, it is therefore desirable to which inhibitor is discharged on fuel tank.However, under above-mentioned fire principles of deterrence, if tank catches fire, extinguishing chemical Also it will be automatically assigned to around tank, such as the region that it is separated with other tanks, and in certain embodiments, extinguishing chemical can To disperse automatically, in some regions or embodiment, the detection of fire detection and event of fire in conflagration area independently occurs, And in other regions or embodiment, the release of fire suppressor occurs in response to detecting the sensor of event of fire.? In some embodiments, sensor can be in conjunction with port, and individual sensor is used in other sensors.In addition, Some embodiments include multiple sensors, and first sensor can be the common temperature-sensitive trigger element of common water jet, such as fill Liquid bottle, and second sensor such as heat sensor, smoke sensor device, flame sensor etc. can arrange in pairs or groups with port, or with it He senses mode.

Fig. 2 is the detailed view of several floors of building described in Fig. 1, in order to get across, it is assumed that extinguishing chemical is Water, and port is sprinkler, however technical staff will easily understand that any extinguishing chemical or port type can use, though Right Branch control valve gear 25 is removed, but it can optionally be used.It is worth noting that, the figure has various features To help to understand and expression characteristics.In wet pipe system, pressure water is distributed in the end of three F2, F3 and F4 in compartment system 2 In mouthful, as shown in Figure 2.Water is reached by riser 15, and single spray head is indicated by its symbol 220,222, independent sensor 238 Can be entirely incorporated into such as sprinkler etc port or shared certain elements, such as power supply, calculate equipment, data Link etc..Regardless of whether completely including shared component, such port/sensor combinations are portrayed as ellipse by sprinkler symbol Shape, such as described by enumerating spray head/sensor 226 and 233-237.It is worth noting that, certain port can communicate certainly Main activation, but additional sensor may be needed, for example, if the unique sensing element in region is the sprinkling being activated Heating element needs additional sensing function in the region that sprinkler is activated automatically due to neighbouring flame range to monitor fire Extension.This monitoring can be realized that in some implementations, which can be does not activate automatically by another sensor Second spray head or any other event of fire sensor.It is worth noting that, can be carried out for dry system similar Arrangement by detecting the opening of control valve, introduce the water into distribution system 2 but in such a system, beaten by control valve It opens, as shown in Figure 1, the control valve is a part of drying system valve gear 10.In Fig. 2, dry system valve 10A is shown with dotted line It out, is not enforceable to indicate this valve in wet pipe system, but it can take several forms, such as different valve, hydraulic Clappers, gate valve, butterfly valve, diaphragm valve of manipulation etc. can be the electronic activation of various system units as hydraulic valve actuator etc. Backup is provided.When fire behavior event is sent to controller 250, controller determines position of the reporting device in shielded volume It sets, then, which port controller selects responsively to be activated using rules of order, scheduled map or combinations thereof. In discribed example, sprinkler 234 and 235 is likely to be activated by controller, and sprinkler 222,244 and 245 can also be single Solely or combination selects, and when project I2 and potential project I4 is exposed to Moisture Damage, remaining structure and sundry item such as I3 and I5 are not It is impacted.In some cases, flame range is not entirely surrounded by, for example, if it is known that wall W will play protection volume containing I6 Effect, sprinkler 233 may not be activated to avoid Water Damage.On the other hand, if article I6 is considered as vulnerable to heat, Sprinkler 233 can be activated together with sprinkler 232, as precautionary measures.If the floor of the structure is considered being enough to prevent Fire spread does not need activation sprinkler 224 then to floor F2.Although similar consideration can prevent operation, sprinkling truck 244 exists On the F4 of floor, but due to the flame location above floor, considering may be different.In some cases, if article I4 is heavy Or it is inflammable, then can by the symbolically upwardly-directed spray head of sprinkler 239, to reduce the risk that floor F4 collapses to F3, Or reduce the heat for causing I4 to catch fire.Similarly, upwardly-directed sprinkler 229 or other ports can be on the ground below flame range It is activated on plate, to help to minimize thermal damage.In this case, another optional part provided by I6 is by firewall W It is partly exhausted with fire screen, and if inhibitor is discharged, serious destruction will be caused.In this case, sprinkler 233 is most It will not just be activated, although adjacent with flame range.In certain embodiments, controller, which can activate, is not directly coupled to main distribution system The port of system and system, sprinkler 257 can be activation and discharge extinguishing chemical, extinguishing chemical can be it is identical, but also not It is same as the extinguishing chemical distribution of main distribution system, can be provided from individual storage tank 259, to reduce the closing being arranged in port 257 Or the fire risk in hemi-closure space, to protect article I6.In some cases, such as when the detection of sensor 228 is considered When being the event of fire in the space of fire prevention isolation, such as by fireproof bulkhead 221, only port 229 can be initially active.Though So wish that the intensity of a fire is controlled by the different directions of surrounding, but fire may still expand to adjacent region, if project I2 is in activated end It lights, then needs according to activation rule set activation port 236, in some instances it may even be possible to activate port after the initial communication of mouth 233 and 235 237.For this purpose, after detecting the fire in its region, port sensor 235 and/or 236 is by another event of fire Information be sent to controller, which is added to flame range for the region under port 235, and attached according to activation rule set activation Add port.It should be noted that rule may be different, and by example when fire extension, rather than only by the first adjacent region Domain is activated to flame range, and with the growth of kindling, port can be activated from the farther away place of flame range.Other similar decision can be with It takes, because of the example that fire increases, and spray head 232 and 233 can be activated now, because Moisture Damage project I6 is considered as Less crucial fire spread.In general, if from other regional forecast event of fire, especially when the urgent adjacent area of event When domain reaches, flame range is extended, and rule set is reassessed in a timely manner, and is taken action according to rule set.It is related with extension flame range The part of rule set can be different from the part of rule set related with initial detecting, and the activation of any port all may be by not The only influence of a fire detection event.This method is similar to the system of commonly referred to as preact, it is desirable that is activating any port Fire at least is detected by two sensors before, however, since the part that fire-fighting safety system according to the present invention provides is put Electricity can permit through second sensor, and event of fire is especially detected in open nozzles drying system, adjacent area The selection of activation standard can be carried out statically, using sensor and port list and they protection volume in it is opposite Position.In some embodiments, the port to be activated is selected according to the presets list, for example, rule can be by specific The event of fire that sprinkler/sensor detects will lead to the activation of scheduled port list, alternatively, the port to be activated It can calculate at any time, the time including event of fire detection.In some embodiments it is possible to provide controller or about The sensitive information of specific region content, for example, if the vehicle for being loaded with combustible material is known to enter region, if fire The distance between region and the region comprising vehicle are lower than a certain threshold value, then can activate the port in the region, and another party Face, if there are fire proof constructions can prevent the not structure, by the activation for the port being activated.About being taken in event of fire Action rule can be it is static or dynamic, and can be with structure-based static knowledge, or be based on sensor hand The dynamic or received dynamic knowledge of dynamic.For example, it may result on the floor above floor containing heavy duty or temperature-sensitive article Activation to the cooling port of ceiling downstairs, so as to collapse or the risk of fire spread to floor is preferably minimized.This field Technical staff will be recognized that the quantity of potential rule is endless, and be determined by analyzing each specific implementation.With It is desirable in determining these rules or customizing existing well-regulated graphic user interface.In certain dry systems, such as certain guides In formula system, in the stand-by state, there are compressed gas in distribution system.On startup, the commonly known as master of control valve Valve, can choose the dryvalve type of many types, and water is discharged into distribution system in response to event of fire.Especially combining this In the introduction of invention and the system of fire extinguishing system known in the art, the water of entrance must in a big distribution system into Row, potentially fights compressed gas, them may be made to reach end the effect of gas in the system of the port creation by activating Mouth may be delayed by.In order to accelerate water to reach port, one or more ports can be activated to help gas to discharge, citing comes It says, such as 252,253 and 254 port can be selectively activated to provide gas release, port 252,253 and 254 can To be conventional port, such as spray head or controlled nozzle, or drainpipe can be directed toward.

The sequencing of above embodiments is not only for ease of description, represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still may be used To modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features； And these are modified or replaceed, technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution spirit and Range.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of fire safety control system, which is characterized in that the system comprises: controller；And

Fire suppressant distribution system, is connected to extinguishing chemical feeding mechanism, and fire suppressant distribution system is at least partially situated at protected Volume in and have multiple distribution ports, each distribution port is associated with that can protect at least one region of volume, institute It states port to be connected to controller and can be activated, so that at least extinguishing chemical is discharged into their own relevant range；

Multiple sensors are arranged in the volume, and the of at least first sensor and the volume in the multiple sensor One region is associated, and the first sensor and the controller carry out data communication and can communicate with and detect Relevant condition；

Controller is adapted at least first sensor and detects event of fire and activate one group of port to disperse extinguishing chemical, should Include at least first port in activation component region spatially adjacent with first area.

2. a kind of fire safety control system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: activation component includes to pass with first At least one port in the associated region of sensor.

3. a kind of fire safety control system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: wherein first sensor includes spilling Hydrophone.

4. a kind of fire safety control system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: wherein, sprinkler and distribution are System fluid coupling, wherein its activation at least makes extinguishing chemical initial dispersion in region associated therewith.

5. a kind of fire safety control system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: wherein, the activation component packet Multiple ports are included, the multiple port, which is located at, at least partly laterally surrounds the first area.