CN109085739A - 一种电子束曝光机解析能力的优化方法 - Google Patents

一种电子束曝光机解析能力的优化方法 Download PDF

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CN109085739A
CN109085739A CN201810387724.4A CN201810387724A CN109085739A CN 109085739 A CN109085739 A CN 109085739A CN 201810387724 A CN201810387724 A CN 201810387724A CN 109085739 A CN109085739 A CN 109085739A
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exposure
electron beam
analytic ability
optimization
exposure apparatus
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沙云峰
刘维维
刘浩
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WUXI ZHONGWEI MASK ELECTRONICS Co Ltd
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WUXI ZHONGWEI MASK ELECTRONICS Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03FPHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/20Exposure; Apparatus therefor
    • G03F7/2051Exposure without an original mask, e.g. using a programmed deflection of a point source, by scanning, by drawing with a light beam, using an addressed light or corpuscular source
    • G03F7/2059Exposure without an original mask, e.g. using a programmed deflection of a point source, by scanning, by drawing with a light beam, using an addressed light or corpuscular source using a scanning corpuscular radiation beam, e.g. an electron beam
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03FPHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/20Exposure; Apparatus therefor
    • G03F7/2051Exposure without an original mask, e.g. using a programmed deflection of a point source, by scanning, by drawing with a light beam, using an addressed light or corpuscular source
    • G03F7/2059Exposure without an original mask, e.g. using a programmed deflection of a point source, by scanning, by drawing with a light beam, using an addressed light or corpuscular source using a scanning corpuscular radiation beam, e.g. an electron beam
    • G03F7/2061Electron scattering (proximity) correction or prevention methods
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03FPHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/70Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
    • G03F7/70425Imaging strategies, e.g. for increasing throughput or resolution, printing product fields larger than the image field or compensating lithography- or non-lithography errors, e.g. proximity correction, mix-and-match, stitching or double patterning
    • G03F7/70433Layout for increasing efficiency or for compensating imaging errors, e.g. layout of exposure fields for reducing focus errors; Use of mask features for increasing efficiency or for compensating imaging errors
    • G03F7/70441Optical proximity correction [OPC]

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Electron Beam Exposure (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种电子束曝光机解析能力的优化方法,其包括:(1)电子抗蚀剂的特性优化:选用FEP正性光刻胶,该光刻胶具备高灵敏度、高分辨率和对比度;(2)邻近效应优化:采取软件修正措施,通过波前工程实施几何图形尺寸调整,或实施曝光剂量调制,或将二者相结合来修正邻近效应;(3)显影机显影程式的优化:在曝光后进行烘烤。本发明的方法找到当前曝光设备最大解析能力的一个临界点,同时通过优化曝光工艺在不改变曝光设备的前提下,寻找提升掩模曝光解析能力的可能性,从而使之满足高端掩模版曝光工艺需要。

Description

一种电子束曝光机解析能力的优化方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电子束曝光机解析能力的优化方法。
背景技术
现代微电子技术的发展基本遵循摩尔定律,也就是说:每18个月左右,集成电元器件的特征尺寸要缩小1/2,集成密度要增加一倍。西方发达国家把微电子技术作为一项战略产业,对发展中国家严格实行技术封锁限制。今天,INTEL(英特尔)公司已经可以投产元器件尺寸为10nm左右的集成电路,而我国相应的水平只有40nm,加工水平相差2代(即20nm、10nm)目前,国际上采用的主流工艺是光学光刻。光学光刻的光源从波长较长的红外线一直发展到了今天的紫外线,但是光学光刻正在日益接近其物理极限,也就是说再往小的加工,就会遇到原理性的障碍,而无法进行下去。各工业强国都在加紧开发下一代光刻工艺,主要的技术方法有:x射线光刻深紫外线投影光刻、子束光刻、离子束光刻等。在各种方案中,电子束光刻以其特有的魅力,成为大有前途的下一代加工技术。
电子束曝光机特征:电子束曝光的最大特点就是分辨率极高。电子束曝光的极限分辨率是3~8nm,由电子束曝光制作的特征尺寸可以达到5nm。电子束曝光可以在计算机控制下直接产生所要求的图形,容易修改,制作周期短,广泛用于掩模的制作,是微电子产业制作掩膜版的主要手段。
在0.13微米及以上技术节点的高端掩模制造中,能否将客户图形完完整整的通过曝光设备写到掩模上,这显得尤为重要,但是事实上限于设备性能、掩模等级、曝光工艺、环境等等诸多方面的制约,实际生产中,无法将部分客户图形曝光出来的这种非正常的现象并不少见。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术的缺陷,提供一种电子束曝光机解析能力的优化方法,在对电子束曝光高阶掩模时,对曝光显影工艺进行了优化,提高了电子束在掩模版上的最小解析,成功制备了高精度光学掩模。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了如下的技术方案:
本发明公开了一种电子束曝光机解析能力的优化方法,其包括:
(1)电子抗蚀剂的特性优化:选用FEP正性光刻胶,该光刻胶具备高灵敏度、高分辨率和对比度;
(2)邻近效应优化:采取软件修正措施,通过波前工程实施几何图形尺寸调整,或实施曝光剂量调制,或将二者相结合来修正邻近效应;
(3)显影机显影程式的优化:在曝光后进行烘烤。
进一步地,步骤(1)中,曝光剂量在13.2μC/cm2(α=0.074,β=1.195,η=0.247,ν=7,γ=0.5,Th.=0.5)时,光刻胶的分辨率达到最优。
本发明所达到的有益效果是:
对高分辨的电子器件的需求,推动了电子束曝光技术的发展和应用。微电子生产的历史证明,进一步提高器件与电路的性能和降低成本,可以通过制造工艺的有效性来进行估计。电子束曝光就是这样一种微电子制造技术,它为继续提高器件与电路的性能和降低成本,提供新手段。同时,电子束曝光技术又是“探索工具”中的核心工艺手段,在新一代量子器件制作和研究中发挥了重要作用,通过一系列的优化,对电子束光刻的解析能力有进一步的提升,达到了实验预期的目标,对后续电子束光刻工艺制程的优化提供了数据基础。
本发明的方法找到当前曝光设备最大解析能力的一个临界点,同时通过优化曝光工艺在不改变曝光设备的前提下,寻找提升掩模曝光解析能力的可能性,从而使之满足高端掩模版曝光工艺需要。
附图说明
附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,并且构成说明书的一部分,与本发明的实施例一起用于解释本发明,并不构成对本发明的限制。在附图中:
图1是实施例中最佳曝光剂量示意图;
图2经过软件处理后修正临近效应示意图;
图3是驻波效应导致的金属边缘毛糙示意图;
图4是经过PEB后驻波效应消失的示意图;
图5是常规图形最小解析示意图;
图6是圆形最小解析示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的优选实施例进行说明,应当理解,此处所描述的优选实施例仅用于说明和解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
曝光设备:Leica SB350,该曝光设备支撑技术节点为0.13μm掩模版制作,在目前制程,
提升曝光机解析能力需从几个方面入手:
(1)电子抗蚀剂的特性:抗蚀剂又称感光胶,常用的线性链高分子聚合物经电子束曝光后,会使聚合物同时发生断链和交链两种反应。凡是断链反应占主导地位的抗蚀剂称为正性抗蚀剂,凡是交链反应占主导地位的抗蚀剂称为负性抗蚀剂,目前我们试验用到得抗蚀剂为FEP正性光刻胶;该光刻胶具备高灵敏度、高分辨率和对比度。如图1曝光剂量在13.2μC/cm2(α=0.074,β=1.195,η=0.247,ν=7,γ=0.5,Th.=0.5)时,光刻胶的分辨率达到最优。
(2)邻近效应优化:如果两个图形离的很近,散射的电子能量会延伸到相邻的图形中,使图案发生畸变;单个图形的边界也会由于邻近效应而扩展,邻近效应校正措施主要有两种:一种方法是通过优化曝光一显影工艺条件和有效的工艺措施抑制邻近效应的产生或降低其影响程度;另一种方法是采取软件修正措施,主要通过波前工程实施几何图形尺寸调整,或实施曝光剂量调制,或将二者相结合来修正邻近效应,此实验中,我们所使用第二种方法,如图2所示。
(3)显影机显影程式的优化:经过PEB烘烤后显影,曝光后烘(PEB:POST EXPOSUREBAKE)曝光时,会产生一种驻波现象。如图3,由于入射光与反射光产生干涉,使沿胶厚方向的光强形成波峰和波谷,从而产生驻波,如图4,在曝光时由于驻波效应的存在,化学放大型光刻胶侧壁会有不平整的现象,在曝光后进行烘烤,可使感光与未感光边界处的高分子化合物重新分布,最后达到平衡,基本可以消除驻波效应。
解析能力优化结果:
1.常规图形:
单独线条曝光区最小解析为200nm,密级线条比例1:1非曝光区最小解析为260nm,孔层最小解析为260nm。如图5;
2.特殊图形圆:最小解析300nm,如图6。
最后应说明的是:以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (2)

1.一种电子束曝光机解析能力的优化方法,其特征在于,包括:
(1)电子抗蚀剂的特性优化:选用FEP正性光刻胶,该光刻胶具备高灵敏度、高分辨率和对比度;
(2)邻近效应优化:采取软件修正措施,通过波前工程实施几何图形尺寸调整,或实施曝光剂量调制,或将二者相结合来修正邻近效应;
(3)显影机显影程式的优化:在曝光后进行烘烤。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种电子束曝光机解析能力的优化方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,曝光剂量在13.2μC/cm2(α=0.074,β=1.195,η=0.247,ν=7,γ=0.5,Th.=0.5)时,光刻胶的分辨率达到最优。
CN201810387724.4A 2018-04-26 2018-04-26 一种电子束曝光机解析能力的优化方法 Pending CN109085739A (zh)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1818788A (zh) * 2005-02-07 2006-08-16 中国科学院微电子研究所 一种用负性化学放大抗蚀剂曝光亚50nm图形的方法
US20070212654A1 (en) * 2006-03-09 2007-09-13 International Business Machines Corporation Method for lithography for optimizing process conditions
US20110183240A1 (en) * 2009-12-21 2011-07-28 Hoya Corporation Mask blank, mask blank manufacturing method, transfer mask, and transfer mask manufacturing method

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1818788A (zh) * 2005-02-07 2006-08-16 中国科学院微电子研究所 一种用负性化学放大抗蚀剂曝光亚50nm图形的方法
US20070212654A1 (en) * 2006-03-09 2007-09-13 International Business Machines Corporation Method for lithography for optimizing process conditions
US20110183240A1 (en) * 2009-12-21 2011-07-28 Hoya Corporation Mask blank, mask blank manufacturing method, transfer mask, and transfer mask manufacturing method

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