CN109085152B - Multichannel optical fiber type gas Raman scattering measurement system - Google Patents
Multichannel optical fiber type gas Raman scattering measurement system Download PDFInfo
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 215
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000001237 Raman spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
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- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000003332 Raman imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
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- UBAZGMLMVVQSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide;molecular oxygen Chemical compound O=O.O=C=O UBAZGMLMVVQSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/65—Raman scattering
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multichannel optical fiber type gas Raman scattering measurement system, which belongs to the technical field of laser combustion diagnosis, wherein a laser system, a Raman spectrum imaging system, a 10-channel optical fiber coupling system, a measurement and control system, a 45-degree laser reflector, a laser focusing mirror and a laser collector are arranged on the same optical platform, the laser system is arranged right behind the 45-degree laser reflector, the laser focusing mirror is arranged right behind the 45-degree laser reflector, the combustion area is arranged right left behind the combustion area, the laser collector is arranged right behind the combustion area, a Raman spectrum imaging system II is arranged right behind the laser system, the 10-channel optical fiber coupling system is arranged right behind the Raman spectrum imaging system, and the measurement and control system IV is arranged behind the 10-channel optical fiber coupling system; the invention can realize laser spontaneous vibration Raman spectrum line imaging of the dynamic combustion field gaseous species, and can realize high-precision quantitative measurement of the mole fraction of the dynamic combustion field gaseous species and the regional temperature.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of laser combustion diagnosis, and particularly relates to a multichannel optical fiber type gas Raman scattering measurement system.
Background
Efficient clean and safe combustion is one of important research subjects for human beings. Combustion in both engines (including aerospace engines, transportation engines, etc.), power and heat supplied coal systems and gas turbines, and in the various types of combustors used in basic research, is required to explore combustion mechanisms and ways and methods to further improve combustion conditions through various advanced combustion diagnostic techniques. Because of the problems of sealing, transients, and explosion harshness of some combustion systems (such as combustion in an internal combustion engine cylinder), various laser combustion diagnostic techniques are currently used to detect the combustion process. The technology can directly observe the combustion state of the combustion field, realize the accurate measurement of the temperature, the components, the concentration of the components, the fluidity, the flame structure and other high space-time resolution of the combustion field, and provide experimental verification for the simulation calculation of the theoretical value of combustion.
The detection of the concentration (mole fraction) and the region temperature of the main species in the complex combustion environment can be realized through the spectral measurement of the spontaneous vibration Raman scattering species of the laser, and the laser has the advantages of non-contact measurement, multi-species measurement synchronism, quantification, time (nanosecond level) and space (millimeter level) resolution capability. It has been widely used in various combustion systems such as in engine combustion chambers or in some closed or atmospheric environment. The gas mole fraction is obtained by simultaneous measurement of spontaneous oscillation stokes raman spectrum signals of gaseous species (nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbon fuel, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, etc.) having raman activity, and the temperature in the local space is obtained from the spontaneous oscillation stokes and anti-stokes raman spectrum signals of nitrogen. The optical measurement results and the numerical simulation calculation results are mutually verified and complemented, and basic data are provided for combustion theory and combustion test.
However, because of the disadvantages of complex system structure, severe environment, limited experimental space, difficult arrangement of optical imaging system, large space stray light interference, mechanical vibration and the like of the combustion system (such as combustion in an optical engine cylinder in an internal combustion engine test bed), when measuring a gas Raman scattering signal in a dynamic combustion field, the gas Raman scattering signal cannot obtain higher space-time resolution capability and higher signal-to-noise ratio of a gas Raman signal due to the influence of space limitation, stray light interference and body vibration of the arrangement of optical devices. Because of the random variation of the actual measured spatial position, an accurate gas Raman scattering signal on a measuring point or a line or a plane in dynamic combustion cannot be obtained, and the optical measuring result of the gas Raman scattering signal is difficult to correspond to the numerical simulation result.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a gas mole fraction and area temperature measurement technology for realizing accurate quantitative measurement based on laser spontaneous vibration Raman scattering in a complex dynamic combustion field by utilizing a gaseous Raman scattering light collection optical system conducted by an optical fiber. Through a multi-channel optical fiber sensor, 10 paths of optical fibers are respectively and tightly arranged at the input end and the output end of the multi-channel optical fiber sensor according to a straight line, wherein a collecting mirror is arranged at the front part of one end of the multi-channel optical fiber sensor to form an input end and is fixedly connected with a vibrating combustion system, so that the synchronous vibration of the input end of the optical fiber and the combustion system is ensured, and the influence of the vibration of a machine body on a measuring position is eliminated; the other end is an output end, which is optically coupled with two collimating reflectors and collimated to a spectrometer slit after passing through a laser filter. And finally, acquiring a Raman spectrum imaging signal of the gaseous species on a Raman ICCD camera, thereby realizing spectrum detection of the mole fraction of the mixed gas and the temperature of the region in the dynamic combustion field environment.
The invention consists of a laser system I, a Raman spectrum imaging system II, a 10-channel optical fiber coupling system III, a measurement and control system IV, a 45-degree laser reflector 1, a laser focusing mirror 2, a combustion zone 3 and a laser collector 4, wherein the laser system I, the Raman spectrum imaging system II, the 10-channel optical fiber coupling system III, the measurement and control system IV, the 45-degree laser reflector 1, the laser focusing mirror 2 and the laser collector 4 are arranged on the same optical platform, the film plating working surface of the 45-degree laser reflector 1 faces to the right rear, the laser system I is arranged right rear of the 45-degree laser reflector 1, the laser focusing mirror 2 is arranged right of the 45-degree laser reflector 1 and right left of the combustion zone 3, the laser collector 4 is arranged right of the combustion zone 3, the Raman spectrum imaging system II is arranged right of the laser system I, the 10-channel optical fiber coupling system III is arranged right of the Raman spectrum imaging system II and right rear of the combustion zone 3, and the 10-channel optical fiber measurement and control system IV is arranged behind the 10-channel optical fiber coupling system III and right of the Raman imaging system II; the center line 5 of the laser system I intersects with the center of the coating working surface of the 45-degree laser reflector 1; the optical fiber input end adapter 21 and the scattered light collecting mirror 23 in the 10-channel optical fiber coupling system III are provided with a fourth axial horizontal center 24, the fourth axial horizontal center 24 is vertically intersected with the central connecting line of the laser focusing mirror 2 and the laser collector 4, and the optical fiber input end adapter 21 and the scattered light collecting mirror 23 are fixedly connected to the metal shell of the combustion system outside the combustion zone 3 through a mirror bracket and a magnetic clamp; the fifth axial horizontal centerline 25 of the fiber output adapter 26 intersects the exact center of the coated working surface of the second scattered light reflector 28 and forms a 45 degree angle with its first axial horizontal centerline 15, and the third axial horizontal centerline 19 of the first scattered light reflector 18 forms a 22.5 degree angle with the second axial horizontal centerline 17 of the laser filter 16; the linear arrangement direction of the 10-channel optical fiber output port of the 10-channel optical fiber input end 22 in the 10-channel optical fiber coupling system III is parallel to the central connecting line of the laser focusing mirror 2 and the laser collector 4, the linear arrangement direction of the 10-channel optical fiber output port of the 10-channel optical fiber output end 27 in the 10-channel optical fiber coupling system III is parallel to the height direction of the slit 13 on the imaging spectrometer 14 in the Raman spectrum imaging system II, and the slit 13 is positioned right left of the laser filter 16 in the 10-channel optical fiber coupling system III; the first pulse output port g of the digital delay pulse generator 33 in the measurement and control system IV is connected with the external trigger input port d of the Raman ICCD camera 11 in the Raman spectrum imaging system II through a special cable; the second pulse output port h of the digital delay pulse generator 33 in the measurement and control system IV is connected with the external trigger input port a of the pumping lamp of the laser controller 7 in the laser system I through a special cable; the external trigger output port c of the Raman ICCD camera 11 in the Raman spectrum imaging system II is connected with the Q-switch external trigger input port b of the laser controller 7 in the laser system I through a special cable; the data output port e of the Raman ICCD camera 11 in the Raman spectrum imaging system II is connected with the data input port f of the data acquisition card 30 in the measurement and control system IV through a special cable.
The laser system I consists of a special cable 6 for a laser, a laser controller 7, a laser emitter 8, a zero-order wave plate 9 and a laser pulse stretcher 10, wherein the laser controller 7, the laser emitter 8, the zero-order wave plate 9 and the laser pulse stretcher 10 are sequentially arranged from back to front, and the connecting line of the laser outlet center of the laser emitter 8, the center of the zero-order wave plate 9 and the laser outlet center of the laser pulse stretcher 10 is a laser center line 5; the laser controller 7 is connected with the laser transmitter 8 through a special cable 6 for the laser; the laser controller 7 is provided with a pumping lamp external trigger input port a and a Q switch external trigger input port b.
The Raman spectrum imaging system II consists of a Raman ICCD camera 11, an adapter 12 and an imaging spectrometer 14, wherein the Raman ICCD camera 11, the adapter 12 and the imaging spectrometer 14 are sequentially arranged from back to front, and the Raman ICCD camera 11 is fixedly connected with the imaging spectrometer 14 through the adapter 12; the imaging spectrometer 14 is provided with a slit 13 for inputting Raman scattered light, and the height direction of the slit 13 is consistent with the space axis direction of a CCD in the Raman ICCD camera 11; the raman ICCD camera 11 is provided with an external trigger output port c, an external trigger input port d, and a data output port e.
The 10-channel optical fiber coupling system III consists of a laser filter 16, a first scattered light reflector 18, an optical fiber cable 20, an optical fiber input end adapter 21, a 10-channel optical fiber input end 22, a scattered light collecting mirror 23, an optical fiber output end adapter 26, a 10-channel optical fiber output end 27 and a second scattered light reflector 28, wherein the second scattered light reflector 28 is arranged right in front of the laser filter 16, and a coating working surface of the second scattered light reflector faces right; the fiber output end adapter 26 is positioned right in front of the second diffuse light reflector 28 with the 10 channel fiber output end thereon facing right left behind; the first scattered light reflector 18 is arranged right of the laser filter 16, and the coating working face of the first scattered light reflector 18 faces leftwards and forwards, and the coating working face of the laser filter 16 faces right; the 10-channel fiber optic input 22 on the fiber optic input adapter 21 is oriented straight ahead; the fiber optic input end adapter 21 is connected to the fiber optic output end adapter 26 by the fiber optic cable 20; the end faces of the optical fiber input end adapter 21 and the optical fiber output end adapter 26 are respectively provided with a 10-channel optical fiber input end 22 and a 10-channel optical fiber output end 27, wherein the 10-channel optical fiber input end 22 faces to the right front, and the 10-channel optical fiber output end 27 faces to the right left rear; the 10-channel optical fiber input end 22 consists of an optical fiber channel 1 input port 1b, an optical fiber channel 2 input port 2b, an optical fiber channel 3 input port 3b, an optical fiber channel 4 input port 4b, an optical fiber channel 5 input port 5b, an optical fiber channel 6 input port 6b, an optical fiber channel 7 input port 7b, an optical fiber channel 8 input port 8b, an optical fiber channel 9 input port 9b and an optical fiber channel 10 input port 10 b; the 10-channel optical fiber output end 27 consists of an optical fiber channel 1 output port 1a, an optical fiber channel 2 output port 2a, an optical fiber channel 3 output port 3a, an optical fiber channel 4 output port 4a, an optical fiber channel 5 output port 5a, an optical fiber channel 6 output port 6a, an optical fiber channel 7 output port 7a, an optical fiber channel 8 output port 8a, an optical fiber channel 9 output port 9a and an optical fiber channel 10 output port 10 a; the input port 1b of the optical fiber channel 1 corresponds to the input port 1b of the optical fiber channel 1, and the input port 10b of the optical fiber channel 10 corresponds to the output port 10a of the optical fiber channel 10, and is two ports of one optical fiber; the center lines of the input port 1b of the fiber channel 1, the input port 2b of the fiber channel 2 and the input port 10b of the fiber channel 10 form a second radial center line 35 of the fiber input end adapter 21 and are parallel to the center lines of the laser focusing mirror 2 and the laser collector 4; the centerlines of fibre channel 1 output port 1a, fibre channel 2 output port 2a, and fibre channel 10 output port 10a constitute a first radial centerline 34 of the fibre output adapter 26 and are parallel to the height direction of the slit 13 in the imaging spectrometer 14; the center line of the optical fiber input end adapter 21 and the scattered light collecting mirror 23 forms a fourth axial horizontal center line 24; the center line of the second scattered light reflector 28 and the first scattered light reflector 18 is a center line 29; the fifth axial horizontal center line 25 of the optical fiber output end adapter 26 intersects with the center of the coating working surface of the second scattered light reflector 28, and the first axial horizontal center line 15 of the second scattered light reflector 28 forms an angle alpha with the fifth axial horizontal center line 25 of the optical fiber output end adapter 26 and the center connecting line 29, wherein alpha is 45 degrees; the central line of the laser filter 16 and the first scattered light reflector 18 forms a second axial horizontal center line 17, the second axial horizontal center line 17 is parallel to the first axial horizontal center line 15, and the third axial horizontal center line 19 forms an angle beta with the central line 29 and the second axial horizontal center line 17, respectively, and beta is 22.5 degrees; the fiber optic cable 20 is bent at an angle less than 90 degrees.
The measurement and control system IV consists of a data acquisition card 30, an industrial personal computer 31, a display 32 and a digital delay pulse generator 33, wherein the data acquisition card 30 is provided with a data input port f, the digital delay pulse generator 33 is provided with a first pulse output port g and a second pulse output port h, the display 32 is arranged on the industrial personal computer 31, and the industrial personal computer 31 and the digital delay pulse generator 33 are arranged in left-right sequence.
According to the invention, by means of the optical coupling technology between the multichannel optical fiber and the slit of the Raman spectrometer, laser spontaneous vibration Raman spectrum line imaging of the dynamic combustion field gaseous species can be realized, the influence of mechanical vibration of a combustion system on optical measurement is avoided in measurement, the interference of stray light on weak gaseous Raman scattered light is avoided, the advantages of simplicity in constructing a spectrum collection system, space saving and the like are achieved, and finally, high-precision quantitative measurement of the mole fraction of the dynamic combustion field gaseous species and the regional temperature can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-channel fiber-optic gas Raman scattering measurement system
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a laser system I
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a Raman spectrum imaging system II
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a 10 channel fiber coupling system III
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the data acquisition card, the industrial personal computer and the display in the measurement and control system IV
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a digital delay pulse generator in measurement and control system IV
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a 10-channel fiber optic sensor
FIG. 8 is a timing diagram of signal synchronization
Wherein: laser system II Raman spectrum imaging system III 10 channel optical fiber coupling system IV measurement and control system 1.45 degree laser mirror 2 laser focusing mirror 3 combustion zone 4 laser collector 5 laser center line 6 laser special cable 7 laser controller 8 laser transmitter 9 zero order wave plate 10 laser pulse stretcher 11 Raman ICCD camera 12 adapter 13 slit 14 imaging spectrometer 15 first axial horizontal center line 16 laser filter 17 second axial horizontal center line 18 first scattered light mirror 19 third axial horizontal center line 20 optical fiber cable 21 optical fiber input end adapter 22.10 channel optical fiber input end 23 scattered light collecting mirror 24 fourth axial horizontal center line 25 fifth axial horizontal center line 26 optical fiber output. End adapter 27.10 channel fiber output end 28, second diffuse light mirror 29, center line 30, data acquisition card 31, industrial personal computer 32, display 33, digital delay pulse generator 34, first radial centerline 35, second radial centerline a, pump lamp out-of-trigger input port b.Q switch out-of-trigger input port c, out-of-trigger output port d, out-of-trigger input port e, data output port f, data input port g, first pulse output port h, second pulse output port 1a, fiber channel 1 output port 2a, fiber channel 2 output port 3a, fiber channel 3 output port 4a, fiber channel 4 output port 5a, fiber channel 5 output port 6a, fiber channel 6 output port 7a, fiber channel 7 output port 8a, fiber channel 8 output port 9a Fibre channel 9 output port 10a, fibre channel 10 output port 1b, fibre channel 1 input port 2b, fibre channel 2 input port 3b, fibre channel 3 input port 4b, fibre channel 4 input port 5b, fibre channel 5 input port 6b, fibre channel 6 input port 7b, fibre channel 7 input port 8b, fibre channel 8 input port 9b, fibre channel 9 input port 10b, fibre channel 10 input port
Detailed Description
The invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, the invention is composed of a laser system I, a Raman spectrum imaging system II, a 10-channel optical fiber coupling system III, a measurement and control system IV, a 45-degree laser reflector 1, a laser focusing lens 2, a combustion zone 3 and a laser collector 4, wherein the laser system I, the Raman spectrum imaging system II, the 10-channel optical fiber coupling system III, the measurement and control system IV, the 45-degree laser reflector 1, the laser focusing lens 2 and the laser collector 4 are arranged on the same optical platform, the film plating working surface of the 45-degree laser reflector 1 faces to the right rear, the laser system I is arranged right rear of the 45-degree laser reflector 1, the laser focusing lens 2 is arranged right of the 45-degree laser reflector 1 and right left of the combustion zone 3, the laser collector 4 is arranged right of the combustion zone 3, the Raman spectrum imaging system II is arranged right of the laser system I, the 10-channel optical fiber coupling system III is arranged right of the Raman spectrum imaging system II and right rear of the combustion zone 3, and the measurement and control system III is arranged right of the 10-channel optical fiber coupling system II; the center line 5 of the laser system I intersects with the center of the coating working surface of the 45-degree laser reflector 1; the optical fiber input end adapter 21 and the scattered light collecting mirror 23 in the 10-channel optical fiber coupling system III are provided with a fourth axial horizontal center line 24, the fourth axial horizontal center line 24 is vertically intersected with the center connecting line of the laser focusing mirror 2 and the laser collector 4, and the optical fiber input end adapter 21 and the scattered light collecting mirror 23 are fixedly connected to the metal shell of the combustion system outside the combustion zone 3 through a mirror bracket and a magnetic clamp; the fifth axial horizontal centerline 25 of the fiber output adapter 26 intersects the exact center of the coated working surface of the second scattered light reflector 28 and forms a 45 degree angle with its first axial horizontal centerline 15, and the third axial horizontal centerline 19 of the first scattered light reflector 18 forms a 22.5 degree angle with the second axial horizontal centerline 17 of the laser filter 16; the linear arrangement direction of the 10-channel optical fiber output port of the 10-channel optical fiber input end 22 in the 10-channel optical fiber coupling system III is parallel to the central connecting line of the laser focusing mirror 2 and the laser collector 4, the linear arrangement direction of the 10-channel optical fiber output port of the 10-channel optical fiber output end 27 in the 10-channel optical fiber coupling system III is parallel to the height direction of the slit 13 on the imaging spectrometer 14 in the Raman spectrum imaging system II, and the slit 13 is positioned right left of the laser filter 16 in the 10-channel optical fiber coupling system III; the first pulse output port g of the digital delay pulse generator 33 in the measurement and control system IV is connected with the external trigger input port d of the Raman ICCD camera 11 in the Raman spectrum imaging system II through a special cable; the second pulse output port h of the digital delay pulse generator 33 in the measurement and control system IV is connected with the external trigger input port a of the pumping lamp of the laser controller 7 in the laser system I through a special cable; the external trigger output port c of the Raman ICCD camera 11 in the Raman spectrum imaging system II is connected with the Q-switch external trigger input port b of the laser controller 7 in the laser system I through a special cable; the data output port e of the Raman ICCD camera 11 in the Raman spectrum imaging system II is connected with the data input port f of the data acquisition card 30 in the measurement and control system IV through a special cable.
As shown in fig. 2, the laser system i is composed of a special cable 6 for a laser, a laser controller 7, a laser emitter 8, a zero-order wave plate 9 and a laser pulse stretcher 10, wherein the laser controller 7, the laser emitter 8, the zero-order wave plate 9 and the laser pulse stretcher 10 are sequentially arranged from back to front, and the connecting line of the center of the laser outlet of the laser emitter 8, the center of the zero-order wave plate 9 and the center of the laser outlet of the laser pulse stretcher 10 is a laser center line 5; the laser controller 7 is connected with the laser transmitter 8 through a special cable 6 for the laser; the laser controller 7 is provided with a pumping lamp external trigger input port a and a Q switch external trigger input port b.
As shown in fig. 3, the raman spectrum imaging system ii is composed of a raman ICCD camera 11, an adapter 12 and an imaging spectrometer 14, wherein the raman ICCD camera 11, the adapter 12 and the imaging spectrometer 14 are sequentially arranged from back to front, and the raman ICCD camera 11 is fixedly connected with the imaging spectrometer 14 through the adapter 12; the imaging spectrometer 14 is provided with a slit 13 for inputting Raman scattered light, and the height direction of the slit 13 is consistent with the space axis direction of a CCD in the Raman ICCD camera 11; the raman ICCD camera 11 is provided with an external trigger output port c, an external trigger input port d, and a data output port e.
As shown in fig. 4 and 7, the 10-channel optical fiber coupling system iii is composed of a laser filter 16, a first scattered light reflector 18, an optical fiber cable 20, an optical fiber input end adapter 21, a 10-channel optical fiber input end 22, a scattered light collecting mirror 23, an optical fiber output end adapter 26, a 10-channel optical fiber output end 27 and a second scattered light reflector 28, wherein the second scattered light reflector 28 is disposed right in front of the laser filter 16, and the coated working surface thereof faces right; the fiber output end adapter 26 is positioned right in front of the second diffuse light reflector 28 with the 10 channel fiber output end thereon facing right left behind; the first scattered light reflector 18 is arranged right of the laser filter 16, and the coating working face of the first scattered light reflector 18 faces leftwards and forwards, and the coating working face of the laser filter 16 faces right; the 10-channel fiber optic input 22 on the fiber optic input adapter 21 is oriented straight ahead; the fiber optic input end adapter 21 is connected to the fiber optic output end adapter 26 by the fiber optic cable 20; the end faces of the optical fiber input end adapter 21 and the optical fiber output end adapter 26 are respectively provided with a 10-channel optical fiber input end 22 and a 10-channel optical fiber output end 27, wherein the 10-channel optical fiber input end 22 faces to the right front, and the 10-channel optical fiber output end 27 faces to the right left rear; the 10-channel optical fiber input end 22 consists of an optical fiber channel 1 input port 1b, an optical fiber channel 2 input port 2b, an optical fiber channel 3 input port 3b, an optical fiber channel 4 input port 4b, an optical fiber channel 5 input port 5b, an optical fiber channel 6 input port 6b, an optical fiber channel 7 input port 7b, an optical fiber channel 8 input port 8b, an optical fiber channel 9 input port 9b and an optical fiber channel 10 input port 10 b; the 10-channel optical fiber output end 27 consists of an optical fiber channel 1 output port 1a, an optical fiber channel 2 output port 2a, an optical fiber channel 3 output port 3a, an optical fiber channel 4 output port 4a, an optical fiber channel 5 output port 5a, an optical fiber channel 6 output port 6a, an optical fiber channel 7 output port 7a, an optical fiber channel 8 output port 8a, an optical fiber channel 9 output port 9a and an optical fiber channel 10 output port 10 a; the input port 1b of the optical fiber channel 1 corresponds to the input port 1b of the optical fiber channel 1, and the input port 10b of the optical fiber channel 10 corresponds to the output port 10a of the optical fiber channel 10, and is two ports of one optical fiber; the center lines of the input port 1b of the fiber channel 1, the input port 2b of the fiber channel 2 and the input port 10b of the fiber channel 10 form a second radial center line 35 of the fiber input end adapter 21 and are parallel to the center lines of the laser focusing mirror 2 and the laser collector 4; the centerlines of fibre channel 1 output port 1a, fibre channel 2 output port 2a, and fibre channel 10 output port 10a constitute a first radial centerline 34 of the fibre output adapter 26 and are parallel to the height direction of the slit 13 in the imaging spectrometer 14; the center line of the optical fiber input end adapter 21 and the scattered light collecting mirror 23 forms a fourth axial horizontal center line 24; the center line of the second scattered light reflector 28 and the first scattered light reflector 18 is a center line 29; the fifth axial horizontal center line 25 of the optical fiber output end adapter 26 intersects with the center of the coating working surface of the second scattered light reflector 28, and the first axial horizontal center line 15 of the second scattered light reflector 28 forms an angle alpha with the fifth axial horizontal center line 25 of the optical fiber output end adapter 26 and the center connecting line 29, wherein alpha is 45 degrees; the central line of the laser filter 16 and the first scattered light reflector 18 forms a second axial horizontal center line 17, the second axial horizontal center line 17 is parallel to the first axial horizontal center line 15, and the third axial horizontal center line 19 forms an angle beta with the central line 29 and the second axial horizontal center line 17, respectively, and beta is 22.5 degrees; the fiber optic cable 20 is bent at an angle less than 90 degrees.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the measurement and control system iv is composed of a data acquisition card 30, an industrial personal computer 31, a display 32 and a digital delay pulse generator 33, wherein the data acquisition card 30 is provided with a data input port f, the digital delay pulse generator 33 is provided with a first pulse output port g and a second pulse output port h, the display 32 is arranged on the industrial personal computer 31, and the industrial personal computer 31 and the digital delay pulse generator 33 are arranged in left-right order.
The specific connection process and requirements of the invention are as follows:
the invention arranges a laser system I, a Raman spectrum imaging system II, a 10-channel optical fiber coupling system III, a measurement and control system IV, a 45-degree laser reflector 1, a laser focusing mirror 2 and a laser collector 4 on the same optical platform. The combustion system is arranged between the laser focusing mirror 2, the laser collector 4 and the scattered light collecting mirror 23 such that the combustion zone 3 to be measured is located right of the laser focusing mirror 2, right left of the laser collector 4 and right in front of the scattered light collecting mirror 23.
The laser controller 7, the laser emitter 8, the zero-order wave plate 9 and the laser pulse stretcher 10 are sequentially arranged right behind the 45-degree laser reflector 1 from back to front; the working surface of the 45-degree laser reflector 1 for coating film faces to the right rear; the centers of the 45-degree laser mirror 1, the laser focusing mirror 2 and the laser collector 4 are on a straight line from left to right.
The second diffuse light reflecting mirror 28 is disposed directly in front of the laser filter 16 with its coated working surface facing directly to the right. The fiber output adapter 26 is positioned directly in front of the second diffuse light reflector 28 with the 10-channel fiber output thereon facing directly to the left and rear. The first scattered light reflector 18 is disposed directly right of the laser filter 16, and the coating work surface of the first scattered light reflector 18 faces to the left and the front, and the coating work surface of the laser filter 16 faces directly right. The 10-channel fiber optic input 22 on the fiber optic input adapter 21 is oriented straight ahead. The fiber optic input end adapter 21 is connected to the fiber optic output end adapter 26 by a fiber optic cable 20. The 10-channel fiber input 22 is directed toward the front and the 10-channel fiber output 27 is directed toward the rear left. A second radial centerline 35 of the fiber optic input adapter 21 and is parallel to the left-to-right centered line of the 45 degree laser mirror 1, laser focusing mirror 2 and laser collector 4; the first radial centerline 34 of the fiber optic output adapter 26 is parallel to the height direction of the slit 13 in the imaging spectrometer 14. The fourth axial horizontal centerline 24 perpendicularly intersects the second radial centerline 35 and the line connecting the centers of the 45-degree laser mirror 1, the laser focusing mirror 2, and the laser collector 4 from left to right, respectively. The fifth axial horizontal center line 25 of the optical fiber output end adapter 26 intersects the center of the coated working surface of the second scattered light reflector 28 and forms 45 degrees with the first axial horizontal center line 15 and the center line 29 of the second scattered light reflector 28; the second axial horizontal centerline 17 is parallel to the first axial horizontal centerline 15 and the third axial horizontal centerline 19 is 22.5 degrees from the center line 29 and the second axial horizontal centerline 17, respectively. The fiber optic cable 20 may be bent at an angle less than 90 degrees. The fiber optic input end adapter 21 and the scattered light collecting mirror 23 are secured to the metal outer housing of the combustion system outside the combustion zone 3 by a frame and magnetic clamp.
The special cables are respectively connected with: the first pulse output port g of the digital delay pulse generator 33 to the external trigger input port d of the raman ICCD camera 11 in the raman spectral imaging system ii; a second pulse output port h of the digital delay pulse generator 33 to an external trigger input port a of the pump lamp of the laser controller 7 in the laser system i; an external trigger output port c of a Raman ICCD camera 11 in a Raman spectrum imaging system II to an external trigger input port b of a Q switch of a laser controller 7 in a laser system I; the data output port e of the Raman ICCD camera 11 in the Raman spectrum imaging system II is connected with the data input port f of the data acquisition card 30 in the measurement and control system IV.
Preliminarily adjusting the central height of each optical device: the centers of the laser transmitter 8, the zero-order wave plate 9, the laser pulse stretcher 10, the 45-degree laser reflector 1, the laser focusing mirror 2, the combustion zone 3, the laser collector 4, the slit 13 of the imaging spectrometer 14, the laser filter 16, the first scattered light reflector 18, the optical fiber input end adapter 21, the scattered light collecting mirror 23, the optical fiber output end adapter 26 and the second scattered light reflector 28 are in the same horizontal plane by adjusting the positions of all the knobs of the mirror holder instrument base; by adjusting such that each of the axial and radial horizontal centerlines is at a position and angle as previously described.
All instruments and equipment are electrified and preheated, the positions of the instrument knobs are set, the measurement parameters of the instruments are input, and the main control program on the industrial personal computer 31 is entered.
Accurately adjusting the central multidimensional position of each optical device: the laser signals in the combustion zone 3 are synchronously measured by controlling the low-energy 532nm (nanometer) visible light original laser beam k for the emission and the adjustment of the laser emitter 8 through the real-time imaging functional mode of the Raman ICCD camera 11. Fine tuning the height, side-to-side and front-to-back positions, tilt angles and pitch of all equipment and frames ensures that the laser real image is displayed on the display 32 and is either vertical or horizontal on the screen of the display 32.
Measuring a laser spontaneous vibration raman scattering spectrum of a gaseous species in a dynamic combustion field: the combustion zone 3 is adjusted to the pressure, temperature and component concentration to be measured; setting the laser emitter 8 and the raman ICCD camera 11 in a measurement function mode; controlling the laser emitter 8 to emit an original laser beam k of a certain experimental energy mJ (millijoule); according to the signal synchronization sequence shown in fig. 7, raman scattered light of each species collected by the scattered light collecting mirror 23 on the combustion zone 3 is completed by a main program in the industrial personal computer 31, and is spectrally imaged on the raman ICCD camera 11, and the mole fraction and the region temperature value of each species under such experimental conditions are finally calculated through the main program calculation.
Examples:
As shown in fig. 1, a PS2225 laser controller 7, an LS2137 laser transmitter 8, a 1/2 zero-order wave plate 9 and an independently developed laser pulse stretcher 10 of the company LOTIS TII in white russia are selected in the laser system i, the laser transmitter 8 emits a 532nm (nanometer) original laser beam k, the diameter of an outlet light spot of the laser beam k is about 8mm (millimeters), the width at half maximum (FWHM) of the pulse width is about 7ns (nanoseconds), the frequency is 10Hz, the experimental output laser energy is 380mJ (millijoule), and the peak power is 0.4GW (gigawatt); after passing through the zero-order wave plate 9, the polarization direction of the laser is changed, and the polarization direction of the changed laser beam j is consistent with the height direction of the slit 13; the laser pulse stretcher 10 outputs a stretched laser beam i having a FWHM of about 35ns, a spot diameter of 6mm, a frequency of 10Hz, an energy of 350mJ, and a peak power of 0.02GW. The laser beam i is incident to the right center of the 45-degree laser reflector 1 according to the 45-degree incident angle, then reflected according to the 45-degree reflection angle, passes through the laser focusing mirror 2 with the focal length of 500mm, and forms a laser beam in the combustion zone 3 to excite gaseous species in the zone, and raman scattered light, fluorescence, laser scattered light and the like are mainly generated; the self-made 10-channel optical fiber sensor collects inelastic Raman scattered light and elastic scattered laser after excitation is completed; the elastically scattered light is filtered out through a laser filter 16 within the 10-channel fiber optic coupling system iii, leaving only the gas raman scattered light signal at the slit of the spectrometer 14.
The distance from the scattered light collecting mirror 23 to the test area was 150mm, the center distance between the scattered light collecting mirror 23 and the 10-channel optical fiber input end 22 was 200mm, the effective diameter of each optical fiber was 100 μm, the center distance between the optical fibers was 120 μm, the center distance between the optical fiber output end adapter 26 and the scattered light reflecting mirror II 28 was 50mm, the center distance between the second scattered light reflecting mirror 28 and the laser filter 16 was 50mm, the center distance between the laser filter 16 and the first scattered light reflecting mirror 18 was 200mm, and the center distance between the laser filter 16 and the slit 13 was 0.8mm.
The laser filter 16 is NF01-532U-25 type Notch filter of Semrock company to prevent 532nm wavelength laser scattered light; the imaging spectrometer 14 is Surespectrum is/sm imaging grating spectrometer of BRUKER company in U.S.A., 600g/mm grating is selected, the slit height is 3mm, the slit width is set to 350 μm, and the outlet is provided with a Raman ICCD camera 11 of DH720-18F-03 enhanced CCD of Andor company in UK; the digital delay pulse generator 33 is DG645 pulse delay generator from STANFORD in the united states; a data acquisition card 30 of a raman ICCD camera 11 is inserted on the Intel motherboard in taiwan yanghua 610H-type industrial personal computer 31.
As shown in fig. 8, wherein: a is the output signal waveform of the first pulse output port g and the second pulse output port h; b is the waveform of the output signal of the external trigger output port c; c is the time domain waveform of the original laser beam k; d is the time domain waveform of the stretched laser beam i; e is the time domain waveform of the Raman spectrum signal; f is the department controlled time domain waveform within the raman ICCD camera 11. Setting A1 to 0.1s; A. the frequencies of B, C, D, E and F curves are both 10Hz; b1 is 140 μm (microseconds); f1 is 140.14ns (nanoseconds); f2 is 40ns.
Claims (5)
1. A multichannel optical fiber type gas Raman scattering measurement system is characterized in that: the system comprises a laser system (I), a Raman spectrum imaging system (II), a 10-channel optical fiber coupling system (III), a measurement and control system (IV), a 45-degree laser reflector (1), a laser focusing mirror (2), a combustion area (3) and a laser collector (4), wherein the laser system (I), the Raman spectrum imaging system (II), the 10-channel optical fiber coupling system (III), the measurement and control system (IV), the 45-degree laser reflector (1), the laser focusing mirror (2) and the laser collector (4) are arranged on the same optical platform, the film plating working surface of the 45-degree laser reflector (1) faces to the right rear, the laser system (I) is arranged right behind the 45-degree laser reflector (1), the laser focusing mirror (2) is arranged right behind the 45-degree laser reflector (1), the combustion area (3) is arranged right behind the combustion area (4), the Raman spectrum imaging system (II) is arranged right behind the laser imaging system (I), the 10-channel coupling system (III) is arranged right behind the optical fiber imaging system (II), and the optical fiber imaging system (IV) is arranged right behind the combustion area (3); the center line (5) of the laser system (I) is intersected with the right center of the coating working surface of the 45-degree laser reflector (1); the optical fiber input end adapter (21) and the scattered light collecting mirror (23) in the 10-channel optical fiber coupling system (III) are provided with the same fourth axial horizontal center line (24), the fourth axial horizontal center line (24) is vertically intersected with the center connecting line of the laser focusing mirror (2) and the laser collector (4), and the optical fiber input end adapter (21) and the scattered light collecting mirror (23) are fixedly connected to the metal shell of the combustion system outside the combustion zone (3) through a mirror bracket and a magnetic clamp; a fifth axial horizontal center line (25) of the optical fiber output end adapter (26) intersects with the exact center of the film plating working surface of the second scattered light reflector (28) and forms an angle of 45 degrees with the first axial horizontal center line (15) of the second scattered light reflector, and a third axial horizontal center line (19) of the first scattered light reflector (18) forms an angle of 22.5 degrees with the second axial horizontal center line (17) of the laser filter (16); the linear arrangement direction of the 10-channel optical fiber output port of the 10-channel optical fiber input end (22) in the 10-channel optical fiber coupling system (III) is parallel to the central connecting line of the laser focusing mirror (2) and the laser collector (4), the linear arrangement direction of the 10-channel optical fiber output port of the 10-channel optical fiber output end (27) in the 10-channel optical fiber coupling system (III) is parallel to the height direction of the slit (13) on the imaging spectrometer (14) in the Raman spectrum imaging system (II), and the slit (13) is positioned right left of the laser filter (16) in the 10-channel optical fiber coupling system (III); a first pulse output port (g) of the digital delay pulse generator (33) in the measurement and control system (IV) is connected with an external trigger input port (d) of a Raman ICCD camera (11) in the Raman spectrum imaging system (II) through a special cable; a second pulse output port (h) of the digital delay pulse generator (33) in the measurement and control system (IV) is connected with a pumping lamp external trigger input port (a) of a laser controller (7) in the laser system (I) through a special cable; an external trigger output port (c) of a Raman ICCD camera (11) in the Raman spectrum imaging system (II) is connected with an external trigger input port (b) of a Q switch of a laser controller (7) in the laser system (I) through a special cable; the data output port (e) of the Raman ICCD camera (11) in the Raman spectrum imaging system (II) is connected with the data input port (f) of the data acquisition card (30) in the measurement and control system (IV) through a special cable.
2. A multi-channel optical fiber gas raman scattering measurement system according to claim 1, wherein: the laser system (I) consists of a special cable (6) for a laser, a laser controller (7), a laser emitter (8), a zero-order wave plate (9) and a laser pulse stretcher (10), wherein the laser controller (7), the laser emitter (8), the zero-order wave plate (9) and the laser pulse stretcher (10) are sequentially arranged from back to front, and the connecting line of the laser outlet center of the laser emitter (8), the center of the zero-order wave plate (9) and the laser outlet center of the laser pulse stretcher (10) is a laser center line (5); the laser controller (7) is connected with the laser transmitter (8) through a special cable (6) for the laser; the laser controller (7) is provided with a pumping lamp external trigger input port (a) and a Q switch external trigger input port (b).
3. A multi-channel optical fiber gas raman scattering measurement system according to claim 1, wherein: the Raman spectrum imaging system (II) consists of a Raman ICCD camera (11), an adapter (12) and an imaging spectrometer (14), wherein the Raman ICCD camera (11), the adapter (12) and the imaging spectrometer (14) are sequentially arranged from back to front, and the Raman ICCD camera (11) is fixedly connected with the imaging spectrometer (14) through the adapter (12); a slit (13) for inputting Raman scattered light is arranged on the imaging spectrometer (14), and the height direction of the slit (13) is consistent with the space axis direction of a CCD in the Raman ICCD camera (11); the Raman ICCD camera (11) is provided with an external trigger output port (c), an external trigger input port (d) and a data output port (e).
4. A multi-channel optical fiber gas raman scattering measurement system according to claim 1, wherein: the 10-channel optical fiber coupling system (III) consists of a laser filter (16), a first scattered light reflecting mirror (18), an optical fiber cable (20), an optical fiber input end adapter (21), a 10-channel optical fiber input end (22), a scattered light collecting mirror (23), an optical fiber output end adapter (26), a 10-channel optical fiber output end (27) and a second scattered light reflecting mirror (28), wherein the second scattered light reflecting mirror (28) is arranged right in front of the laser filter (16), and a coating working surface of the second scattered light reflecting mirror faces right; the optical fiber output end adapter (26) is arranged right in front of the second scattered light reflecting mirror (28), and the 10-channel optical fiber output end on the optical fiber output end adapter faces right left and back; the first scattered light reflector (18) is arranged right and left of the laser filter (16), the film plating working surface of the first scattered light reflector (18) faces to the left and the front, and the film plating working surface of the laser filter (16) faces to the right and left; the 10-channel optical fiber input end (22) on the optical fiber input end adapter (21) faces to the right front; the optical fiber input end adapter (21) is connected to the optical fiber output end adapter (26) through the optical fiber cable (20); the end faces of the optical fiber input end adapter (21) and the optical fiber output end adapter (26) are respectively provided with a 10-channel optical fiber input end (22) and a 10-channel optical fiber output end (27), the 10-channel optical fiber input end (22) faces to the right front, and the 10-channel optical fiber output end (27) faces to the right left rear; the 10-channel optical fiber input end (22) consists of an optical fiber channel 1 input port (1 b), an optical fiber channel 2 input port (2 b), an optical fiber channel 3 input port (3 b), an optical fiber channel 4 input port (4 b), an optical fiber channel 5 input port (5 b), an optical fiber channel 6 input port (6 b), an optical fiber channel 7 input port (7 b), an optical fiber channel 8 input port (8 b), an optical fiber channel 9 input port (9 b) and an optical fiber channel 10 input port (10 b); the 10-channel optical fiber output end (27) consists of an optical fiber channel 1 output port (1 a), an optical fiber channel 2 output port (2 a), an optical fiber channel 3 output port (3 a), an optical fiber channel 4 output port (4 a), an optical fiber channel 5 output port (5 a), an optical fiber channel 6 output port (6 a), an optical fiber channel 7 output port (7 a), an optical fiber channel 8 output port (8 a), an optical fiber channel 9 output port (9 a) and an optical fiber channel 10 output port (10 a); the input port (1 b) of the optical fiber channel 1 corresponds to the input port (1 b) of the optical fiber channel 1, and the input port (10 b) of the optical fiber channel 10 corresponds to the output port (10 a) of the optical fiber channel 10, and the two ports of the optical fiber are the same; the center lines of the input port (1 b) of the optical fiber channel 1, the input port (2 b) of the optical fiber channel 2 and the input port (10 b) of the optical fiber channel 10 form a second radial center line (35) of the optical fiber input end adapter (21) and are parallel to the center lines of the laser focusing mirror (2) and the laser collector (4); the centerlines of the fibre channel 1 output port (1 a), the fibre channel 2 output port (2 a), and the fibre channel 10 output port (10 a) constitute a first radial centerline (34) of the fibre output adapter (26) and are parallel to the height direction of the slit (13) in the imaging spectrometer (14); the central connecting line of the optical fiber input end adapter (21) and the scattered light collecting mirror (23) forms a fourth axial horizontal central line (24); a center line of the second scattered light reflecting mirror (28) and the first scattered light reflecting mirror (18) is a center line (29); the fifth axial horizontal center line (25) of the optical fiber output end adapter (26) is intersected with the center of the film plating working surface of the second scattered light reflector (28), and the first axial horizontal center line (15) of the second scattered light reflector (28) forms an alpha angle with the fifth axial horizontal center line (25) of the optical fiber output end adapter (26) and a center connecting line (29) respectively, wherein alpha is 45 degrees; the central connecting line of the laser filter (16) and the first scattered light reflecting mirror (18) forms a second axial horizontal central line (17), the second axial horizontal central line (17) is parallel to the first axial horizontal central line (15), and the third axial horizontal central line (19) forms an angle beta with the central connecting line (29) and the second axial horizontal central line (17), and beta is 22.5 degrees; the fiber optic cable (20) is bent at an angle less than 90 degrees.
5. A multi-channel optical fiber gas raman scattering measurement system according to claim 1, wherein: the measurement and control system (IV) is composed of a data acquisition card (30), an industrial personal computer (31), a display (32) and a digital delay pulse generator (33), wherein a data input port (f) is arranged on the data acquisition card (30), a first pulse output port (g) and a second pulse output port (h) are arranged on the digital delay pulse generator (33), the display (32) is arranged on the industrial personal computer (31), and the industrial personal computer (31) and the digital delay pulse generator (33) are arranged in left-right sequence.
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