CN109085125A - A kind of the inside quality non-destructive testing device and method of fruit - Google Patents
A kind of the inside quality non-destructive testing device and method of fruit Download PDFInfo
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- CN109085125A CN109085125A CN201811145688.7A CN201811145688A CN109085125A CN 109085125 A CN109085125 A CN 109085125A CN 201811145688 A CN201811145688 A CN 201811145688A CN 109085125 A CN109085125 A CN 109085125A
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- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000000411 transmission spectrum Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 241000220225 Malus Species 0.000 description 7
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000010724 Wisteria floribunda Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010238 partial least squares regression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001028 reflection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001164374 Calyx Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000207199 Citrus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011430 Malus pumila Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015103 Malus silvestris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004497 NIR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000220324 Pyrus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021016 apples Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020971 citrus fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002615 epidermis Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940085805 fiberall Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000013100 final test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021017 pears Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012372 quality testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/90—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
- Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of inside quality non-destructive testing devices of fruit, including pallet, annular darkening ring, halogen light source, pedestal, channel transmission optical fiber and motor, annular darkening ring is circumferentially distributed light inlet window and loophole group, each loophole group includes positioning class loophole and loophole, each positioning class loophole equidistant arrangement, channel transmission optical fiber has several optical signal receiving ports and a light signal output end mouth, and each optical signal receiving port is set to pallet internal perisporium；The periphery of annular darkening ring is equipped with several gear grooveds, is set to pallet wherein gear grooved described in one is equipped with driving gear motor and can drive driving gear with the engaged transmission of corresponding gear grooved to drive rotating clockwise for annular darkening ring.The invention has the following advantages that obtain the spectral information of fruit using multichannel diffusing transmission spectrum acquisition probe, and quantitative model is constructed with each sampling spectrum, with the average value of each sampling spectrum prediction result by survey fruit the index of quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the inside quality non-destructive testing devices and method of a kind of fruit.
Background technique
The fruit such as apple, pears, citrus are the important food resources of people's daily life.With the improvement of living standards, people
In addition to focus on fruit appearance, more focus on its inherent quality.
In recent years, Near Infrared Spectroscopy Detection Technology is in terms of nondestructive measuring method of the farm product using increasingly extensively, many is about water
The research of fruit inside quality infomation detection and patented technology, but degree of being practical is not high, and main cause is that near-infrared spectrum technique is anti-
Interference performance is weak, detection device is at high cost, is unable to satisfy the market demand.
Collect fruit the method for spectrum, common are diffusing reflection method, transmission beam method, diffusing transmission method.Wherein, for diffusing reflection method
For, the influence of the factors such as fruit colour, texture, smoothness is suffered from, so that testing result is not sufficiently stable, reliably, Er Qieman
Bounce technique is to belong to local single-point detection, generally requires repeated detection and is averaged as final result；And for fruit, it adopts
Although the inside quality information of most of fruit can be obtained with the spectral method of detection of transmission, powerful light source is generally required
Illumination is easy that fruit surface is made to burn, and transmitted spectrum is generally mixed and clips the component informations such as fruit kernel, influences subsequent spectrum mould
The stability of type prediction.Diffusing transmission method is a kind of reliable spectra collection method, and for fruit, this method avoid parts
Single-point detection, avoid high-power illumination burn pericarp and mix folder fruit stone spectral information.
Illumination system is the important component of visible-near-infrared spectrum detection technique, is directly related to spectral signal and adopts
The reliability of collection.Have the portable unit research of some fruit detections both at home and abroad, there is a kind of commercialized diffusing reflection at present
Optical fiber detecting probe, shape are in Y type, can the signal of simultaneous transmission light source and spectrum receive, but this diffusing reflection spectrum is adopted
Collection is limited to the single-point detection of fruit, is only capable of the local message on reflection fruit surface layer, is unable to Efficient Characterization fruit all information.State
Interior patent CN101799401A discloses the handheld near-infrared probe and detection method of a kind of fruit internal quality detection, uses
The LED light source of 4 fruit character wavelength gathers together with detection fiber, although this method is believed with the spectrum that diffusing transmission method obtains
Breath can characterize most fruit internal informations, but limited light source wave spectrum is insufficient for foot modeling spectral information.
In addition, in paper " application of the portable analysis instrument based on Vis/NIR technology " (quoted from " food safety
Quality testing journal ", 2017,08 (09): 3455-3460) modeling and prediction technique that compare sample spectrum data, one is
The spectroscopic data of multi collect is averaged, as the final spectroscopic data of the sample, for predicting fruit quality index；Separately
One is the spectroscopic data of multi collect is regarded as multiple parallel samples, multiple numerical value after model prediction are averaged conduct
Fruit quality index.The research the result shows that second method have better prediction result, especially prediction deviation it is remote
Lower than first method.Though and patent 201210330564.2 uses halogen lamp and provides spectral information abundant and diffusing transmission
Spectra collection mode, but need to overturn fruit and could obtain the spectral information of multiple fruit sampling, this easily introduces operating process
In noise signal.Current most of fruit quality detection device is to have collected fruit averaged spectrum information to predict fruit
Quality information, this results in the offset of fruit prediction result.
Based on current research there are the problem of, carry out the multiple parallel unrestrained of quick obtaining fruit to reduce the operations such as fruit rotation
Transmitted spectrum information, the present invention will obtain the spectral information of fruit using multichannel diffusing transmission spectrum acquisition probe, and with each
Sample spectrum construct quantitative model, with it is each sampling spectrum prediction result average value by survey fruit the index of quality.
Summary of the invention
The present invention in view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, provides inside quality non-destructive testing device and the side of a kind of fruit
Method.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of inside quality non-destructive testing device of fruit, including pallet,
Annular darkening ring, halogen light source, pedestal, channel transmission optical fiber and motor, the pallet are used to carrying and limiting fruit,
The pedestal is set to the lower section of pallet and is used to support and fixed tray, and it is interior and along support that the annular darkening ring is located at pallet
The internal perisporium of disk is circumferentially arranged；
The annular darkening ring is circumferentially distributed several light inlet windows that the internal ring wall of itself is connected with external annulus
With several loophole groups, simultaneously there is interval in each light inlet window equidistant arrangement between any loophole group, each described
Loophole group includes a positioning class loophole and a loophole, each positioning class loophole equidistant arrangement, along described
Between the loophole and corresponding positioning class loophole in each loophole group that the counter clockwise direction of annular darkening ring is arranged successively
Distance become larger；The quantity of the halogen light source has several, and each halogen light source is set to pallet
Internal perisporium simultaneously with the position of each light inlet window correspond, the channel transmission optical fiber have several optical signal receiving ports and
One light signal output end mouth, each optical signal receiving port are set to the internal perisporium of pallet and the position with each loophole group
Set one-to-one correspondence；The periphery of the annular darkening ring is equipped with several gear grooveds, wherein gear grooved described in one is equipped with therewith
The driving gear of engaged transmission, the gear grooved described in remaining are equipped with the driven gear for being engaged with transmission, and the motor is set
In pallet, the motor has an output shaft, and the output shaft and driving gear, which interlock, to be arranged, and can be driven by the rotation of output shaft
The engaged transmission of dynamic driving gear and corresponding gear grooved, to drive rotating clockwise for annular darkening ring；When the pallet
On each optical signal receiving port and the position of each loophole group on annular darkening ring exported without spectral signal when misfitting；
The output light when each optical signal receiving port on the pallet matches with the position of each corresponding positioning class loophole
Spectrum signal；In the rotation process of annular darkening ring, the wherein optical signal receiving port on pallet can be with corresponding loophole
Position kissing merge and export corresponding spectral signal, remaining each optical signal receiving port then with the position of corresponding each loophole
Set misfit have no spectral signal output, and each halogen light source on the pallet always with the position of corresponding light inlet window
Composition is set partially or fully to coincide.
Through the above technical solutions, pallet prevents falling off for fruit and influences to acquire data for carrying and limiting fruit
Duration；The setting of light inlet window, so that the irradiation light-transmissive light inlet window of halogen light source is irradiated to fruit, halogen light source
Spectrum it is longer, it is truer to the measurement result of fruit close to Mrs's sunlight, at the same halogen light source can issue it is abundant
Continuous wave band spectrum, sufficiently reflection and the effect of fruit internal tissue, to improve the accuracy of the spectral signal detected；
The setting of loophole group enables the optical signal receiving port of channel transmission optical fiber to detect the spectrum of fruit by loophole group
Signal, the transmission speed of optical fiber faster, increases signal transmission and processing speed of the invention, more efficient；Annular shading simultaneously
The setting of circle can make the illumination of halogen lamp be uniformly distributed in ring-like, match with the surface of fruit, better direct projection to water
Fruit simultaneously obtains fruit surface layer information；Simultaneously, it is contemplated that need to detect acquired fruit to the single-point of each angle spectral signal of fruit
Spectral signal is insufficient, the big problem of error, the present invention in multiple positioning class loopholes and loophole are arranged in ring-like transparent ring, and
Each receiver port is matched with the position of each loophole group, by the continuous multiple acquisition of multi-angle, improves spectrum
The accuracy of signal, sufficiently to reflect fruit internal information；In addition, the present invention has acquisition dark field spectrum Spec_dark and bright
The function of spectrum Spec_refer, the rotation of annular darkening ring can be driven by motor, on annular darkening ring each light inlet window with
The position of each halogen light source can be constituted always partially or fully to coincide, and ensure that the halogen light source of pallet inner wall can smoothly thoroughly
Cross the outer surface that light inlet window is irradiated to fruit.Meanwhile each optical signal receiving port is corresponding with the position of each loophole group, when each
When loophole group is blocked, channel transmission optical fiber is exported without any optical signal at this time, i.e. dark field spectrum Spec_dark；When
When annular darkening ring rotation fixed angle, due between the loophole and corresponding positioning class loophole in each loophole group away from
From becoming larger counterclockwise along shape darkening ring, so one of loophole can be with the position phase of corresponding optical signal receiving port
It coincide, remaining loophole is blocked, and continues to rotate annular darkening ring, and next loophole can be with corresponding optical signal receiving port
Position match, remaining loophole is blocked, and each rotation of annular darkening ring may make one of optical signal to connect
Receiving end mouth matches with corresponding light transmission hole site, until all optical signal receiving ports are acquired through corresponding loophole
The spectral signal of fruit is arrived；In addition, rotating annular darkening ring, since positioning class loophole is placed equidistant with, therefore each light may make
Receiver port matches with positioning class loophole, and each optical signal receiving port can acquire spectral signal simultaneously at this time,
That is bright field spectrum Spec_refer；It is structurally reasonable, only need driving motor to make annular darkening ring interval rotation fixed angle
The inside quality information for sufficiently obtaining fruit is not necessarily to manual rotation's apple, and detection efficiency is high, and structure is simple, easy to produce to add
Work, great popularization and universal prospect, in addition, being even more the rotation for avoiding fruit by the acquisition of multi-angle, in a short time more
Accurately detect the inside quality information of fruit.
Further setting is that each halogen light source and each optical signal receiving port are obliquely installed upwards.
Through the above technical solution, in order to the illumination of halogen light source and the acquisition angles and water of optical signal receiving port
The surface perpendicular contact of fruit, preferably acquisition fruit internal information.
It is four that further setting, which is the quantity of the optical signal receiving port quantity and halogen light source,.
Through the above technical solutions, being applied to actual specifically used scene, can be adopted meeting multi-angle spectral signal
While collection, material is saved, cost is reduced.
Further setting is that the outer surface of the pedestal is fixedly installed display screen, and the inside fixation of the pedestal is set
It is equipped with fan, micro spectrometer and controller, the fan is located at the lower section of pallet, the micro spectrometer and multichannel
The light signal output end mouth of transmission fiber is electrically connected, and the controller is electrically connected with motor.
Through the above technical solutions, the setting of fan, can effectively solve the heat dissipation problem of pedestal and pallet in the present invention,
Prevent internal temperature excessively high.
The present invention also provides a kind of inside quality lossless detection methods of fruit, using a kind of fruit as described above
Inside quality non-destructive testing device detects fruit.
Further setting be specifically includes the following steps:
Fruit is placed in pallet by step 1；
Whether step 2, controller inspection annular darkening ring are in initial position, and motor is driven to reset annular darkening ring
To initial position, after fixed time intervals, controller drives motor that driving gear is driven to make annular darkening ring rotation fixed angle,
At this time first optical signal receiving port of channel transmission optical fiber just with corresponding light transmission hole site phase in annular darkening ring
It coincide and acquires spectral signal, remaining loophole is all blocked；
After step 3, fixed time intervals, annular darkening ring continues to rotate fixed angle, the next light letter being arranged successively
Number receiving port matches with light transmission hole site corresponding in annular darkening ring just and acquires spectral signal, and remaining loophole is equal
It is blocked；
Step 4 repeats step 3, until the last one optical signal receiving port for being arranged successively with it is right in annular darkening ring
The light transmission hole site answered matches, when all optical signal receiving ports of channel transmission optical fiber all complete spectroscopic acquisition
Afterwards, the diffuse transmission light spectrum signal acquired every time is transmitted to the internal model of controller, the physics and chemistry for calculating corresponding fruit refers to
Mark, and calculate the average value and standard deviation of physical and chemical index.
Through the above technical solutions, the spectral information of fruit is obtained using multichannel diffusing transmission spectrum acquisition probe, it can
Multiple parallel diffuse transmission light spectrum informations that the operations such as fruit rotation take quick obtaining fruit are reduced, and fixed with the building of each sampling spectrum
Measure model, with it is each sampling spectrum prediction result average value be survey fruit the index of quality, accuracy height.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram figure of pallet in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional of annular darkening ring in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the local longitudal section schematic diagram of annular darkening ring in the present invention；
Fig. 5 is each sampling diffuse transmission light spectrogram of part sample in the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the prediction scatter plot of the averaged spectrum of the PLS model based on averaged spectrum and sampling spectrum in the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the prediction scatter plot in the present invention based on each averaged spectrum using Forecast of Spectra and sampling spectrum.
In figure: 01, pallet；02, annular darkening ring；3, halogen light source；04, pedestal；05, fan；06, channel transmission
Optical fiber；07, micro spectrometer；08, controller；09, display screen；10, voltage changer；11, power switch；12, driving gear；
13, motor；14, silica gel soft washer；15, optical signal receiving port；16, light inlet window；17, loophole；170, class loophole is positioned；
18, gear grooved.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing:
It as shown in Figures 1 to 4, is the inside quality non-destructive testing device of a kind of fruit of proposition in the embodiment of the present invention,
It is used including pallet 01, annular darkening ring 02, halogen light source 3, pedestal 04, channel transmission optical fiber 06 and motor 13, pallet 01
In carrying and limiting fruit, the internal perisporium of pallet 01 is additionally provided with silica gel soft washer 14, and fruit can be made preferably to be limited in pallet 01
Interior, pedestal 04 is set to the lower section of pallet 01 and is used to support and fixed tray 01, and annular darkening ring 02 is located in pallet 01 simultaneously edge
The internal perisporium of pallet 01 is circumferentially arranged；
Wherein, annular darkening ring 02 is circumferentially distributed 4 light inlet windows that the internal ring wall of itself is connected with external annulus
Simultaneously there is interval, each light transmission between any loophole group in 16 and 4 loophole groups, each 16 equidistant arrangement of light inlet window
Kong Zujun includes a positioning class loophole 170 and a loophole 17, each positioning 170 equidistant arrangement of class loophole, along annular shading
Between the loophole 17 and corresponding positioning class loophole 170 in each loophole group that the counter clockwise direction of circle 02 is arranged successively
Distance becomes larger；
The quantity of halogen light source 3 has 4, each halogen light source 3 set on the internal perisporium of pallet 01 and with each light inlet window
16 position corresponds, and channel transmission optical fiber 06 has 4 optical signal receiving port 15 and 1 light signal output end mouths,
Each optical signal receiving port 15 is corresponded set on the internal perisporium of pallet 01 and with the position of each loophole 17；
The periphery of annular darkening ring 02 is equidistantly fixed with 4 gear grooveds 18, and one of gear grooved 18 is equipped with therewith
Driving gear 12, remaining gear grooved 18 of engaged transmission are equipped with the driven gear for being engaged with transmission, and motor 13 is fixedly installed
In pallet 01, motor 13 has an output shaft, and the output shaft and driving gear 12, which interlock, to be arranged, and can be driven by the rotation of output shaft
The engaged transmission of dynamic driving gear 12 and corresponding gear grooved 18, to drive rotating clockwise for annular darkening ring 02；
When the position of each optical signal receiving port 15 on pallet 1 and each loophole group on annular darkening ring 02 is not kissed
It is exported when conjunction without spectral signal；When on pallet 1 each optical signal receiving port 15 with it is each it is corresponding positioning class loophole 170 position
Set output spectrum signal when matching；In the rotation process of annular darkening ring 02, the wherein optical signal on pallet 1 is received
Port 15 can merge with the position kissing of corresponding loophole 17 exports corresponding spectral signal, remaining each optical signal receiving end
Mouth 15, which is then misfitted with the position of corresponding each loophole 1, has no spectral signal output, and each halogen light source 3 on pallet
Always it constitutes with the position of corresponding light inlet window 16 and partially or fully coincide.
In addition, each halogen light source 3 and each optical signal receiving port 15 are obliquely installed upwards.
In addition, the outer surface of pedestal 04 is fixedly installed display screen 09, the inside of pedestal 04 is fixedly installed fan 05, micro-
Type spectrometer 07 and controller 08, fan 05 are located at the lower section of pallet 01, micro spectrometer 07 and channel transmission optical fiber 06
The electrical connection of light signal output end mouth, controller 08 are electrically connected with motor 13, and the defeated of voltage changer 10 is additionally provided in pedestal 04
The city Ru Duanyu is electrically connected output end as display screen 09, the fan 05, micro spectrometer 07, controller 08, halogen lamp in the present invention
Light source 3 is powered, and the electric main of 200V can be converted to the direct current of low pressure by voltage changer 10, can pass through the side such as rectifier bridge
Formula is realized, is existing product.In addition, it is in series with a power switch 11 between the external voltage changer 10 of pedestal 04 and alternating current,
Power supply for connection or cutting to voltage changer.
In embodiments of the present invention, it is also proposed that a kind of fruit inside quality lossless detection method, using as described above
The inside quality non-destructive testing device of fruit a kind of fruit is detected, mainly comprise the steps that
Fruit is placed in pallet 01 by step 1；
Step 2, controller 08 check whether annular darkening ring 02 is in initial position, and motor 13 is driven to make annular shading
Circle 02 is reset to initial position, and after fixed time intervals, controller 08 drives motor 13 that driving gear 12 is driven to make annular shading
Circle 02 rotation fixed angle, at this time the first of channel transmission optical fiber 6 optical signal receiving port 15 just with annular darkening ring
Corresponding 17 position kissing of loophole merges acquisition spectral signal in 02, and remaining loophole 17 is all blocked；
After step 3, fixed time intervals, annular darkening ring 02 continues to rotate fixed angle, the next light being arranged successively
Receiver port 15 merges acquisition spectral signal with 17 position kissing of loophole corresponding in annular darkening ring 02 just, remaining
Loophole 17 is blocked；
Step 4 repeats step 3, until the last one optical signal receiving port 15 and annular darkening ring 02 for being arranged successively
In corresponding 17 position of loophole match, when all optical signal receiving ports 15 of channel transmission optical fiber 6 all complete spectrum
After signal acquisition, the diffuse transmission light spectrum signal acquired every time is transmitted to the internal model of controller 08, calculates corresponding water
The physical and chemical index of fruit, and calculate the average value and standard deviation of physical and chemical index.
Concrete operating principle of the invention are as follows: no matter how the angle of annular darkening ring 02 adjusts, can guarantee halogen lamp
3 light of light source can be irradiated to fruit by light inlet window 16；When annular darkening ring 02 is adjusted to zero position, all light letters
Number position of receiving port 15 and the position of each loophole group are misfitted, and whole optical signal receiving ports 15 is made to be blocked, this
When channel transmission optical fiber 06 exported without any optical signal, i.e. dark field spectrum Spec_dark；When annular darkening ring 02 is adjusted to
When five positions, whole loopholes 17 (i.e. 4 loopholes 17) and each 15 position of optical signal receiving port can be made to coincide, at this time
All optical signal receiving ports 15 can acquire spectral signal, i.e. bright field spectrum Spec_ in channel transmission optical fiber 06
refer；When annular darkening ring 02 is adjusted to first position, the first loophole group (i.e. positioning class loophole 170 and thoroughly can be opened
Unthreaded hole 17 is apart from a nearest loophole group) on loophole 17, i.e. the loophole 17 and corresponding optical signal receiving port
Position matches, and remaining loophole 17 is all blocked；When annular darkening ring 02 is adjusted to the second position, it can open and be hidden along annular
The loophole 17 in second loophole group that 02 clockwise direction of aperture is set gradually, remaining loophole 17 are all blocked；When
When annular darkening ring 02 is adjusted to the third place, the third set gradually along annular 02 clockwise direction of darkening ring can be opened thoroughly
Loophole 17 in unthreaded hole group, remaining loophole 17 are all blocked；When annular darkening ring 02 is adjusted to four positions, can open
Loophole 17 in the 4th loophole group that annular 02 clockwise direction of darkening ring is set gradually.
Wherein, when power switch 11 starts, controller 08 checks whether annular darkening ring 02 is in initial first position,
And motor 13 is driven to be reset to first position；After the T0 time of interval (T0 can be 10 seconds), controller 08 drives motor 13 to drive master
Moving gear 12 makes annular darkening ring 02 to second and third, four or five positions, and the corresponding optical signal of channel transmission optical fiber 06 connects at this time
Receiving end mouth 15 matches with the position of corresponding loophole 17 in annular darkening ring 02 just, remaining optical signal receiving port 15 is equal
It is blocked by annular darkening ring 02；After all optical signal receiving ports 15 collect diffusing transmission spectrum signal, by controller 08
It issues instruction and resets to initial first position；
In addition, controller 08 issues instruction when annular darkening ring 02 is in any position, make micro spectrometer 07 in T0
Spectral signal is acquired in time；When the optical signal receiving port 15 of all channel transmission optical fiber 06 all completes spectroscopic acquisition
Afterwards, collected diffuse transmission light spectrum signal is transmitted to the internal model of controller 08, acquisition spectral signal is calculated and corresponds to
Fruit physical and chemical index, calculate the average value and standard deviation of corresponding physical and chemical index.
Application Example
134 Shandong red fuji apples, 28 elements in Fuji apple in Shaanxi province are purchased from local wholesale market respectively at June,
Epidermis is asked to rectify without damaged, shape, transverse diameter > 85mm.Before spectra collection, placed after removing surface and number in 24 DEG C of air conditioning chambers
16h.All operations in completion in 24 ± 2 DEG C of air conditioning chamber, avoid influence of the temperature to spectral detection.
Using Maya2000pro (Ocean Optics of the U.S.) micro spectrometer 07, spectral scan wavelength is 550.44~
985.30nm amounts to 2068 wave number points.Spectra collection parameter setting are as follows: time of integration 100ms, averaged acquisition number 4, smoothly
Window 6.Turn on the power switch 11 make halogen light source 3 preheat after, controller 08 check fruit tray 01 in annular darkening ring
Whether 02 be in the initial angle position A1.No matter which kind of angle position annular darkening ring 02 goes to, and the light of halogen light source 3 is all
The surface of object under test can be irradiated to by the light inlet window 16 on annular darkening ring 02.It is gathered around with channel transmission optical fiber 06
For there are 4 optical signal receiving ports 15, then there are 4 halogen light sources 3, not with angle locating for annular darkening ring 02
Together, each optical signal receiving port 15 can be harvested optionally through the loophole 17 on annular darkening ring 02, micro spectrometer 07
The fruit diffusing transmission signal arrived is then different, as shown in the table, A in table0Corresponding zero position, A1Corresponding first position, A2It is right
Answer the second position, A3Corresponding the third place, A4Corresponding 4th position, A5Corresponding 5th position.
Need to acquire the dark field optical signal of the detection device after halogen light source 3 preheats in preliminary stage of preparation
(Spec_dark) and bright field spectrum (Spec_refer), so that the diffuse transmission light signal of subsequent determinand is converted into transmissivity
(T%).Motor 13 first in 13 control system of motor can drive annular darkening ring 02 to turn to A0Angle position, at this time multi-pass
All optical signal receiving ports 15 of road transmission fiber 06 are blocked by annular darkening ring 02, and no any optical signal is through annular shading
02 loophole 17 is enclosed, the micro spectrometer 07 in spectra collection and processing system acquires dark field spectrum (Spec_dark), then
Annular darkening ring 02 is rotated to A by the motor 13 in 13 control system of motor5Angle position, at this time channel transmission optical fiber 06
All optical signal receiving ports 15 can be through the loophole 17 in annular darkening ring 02, using blank as reflecting medium light
Spectrum, the light for generating halogen light source 3 are acquired through blank reflection, across loophole 17 into each optical signal receiving port 15
And the micro spectrometer 07 in processing system acquires bright field spectrum (Spec_refer).At this time by the dark field spectrum and bright field of acquisition
Spectrum is stored in the memory of controller 08.
In the fruit quality detection stage, fruit is placed in pallet 01, vertically downward, fruit utilizes self gravity to calyx,
It is in close contact fruit face and silica gel soft washer 14, stray light is avoided to enter optical signal receiving port 15 through loophole 17.Controller
08 drives motor 13 that annular darkening ring 02 is made successively to turn to A1、A2、A3、A4Angularly position, and stopped in all angles position
Time T0 starts the diffusing transmission spectrum (Spec_si) that micro spectrometer 07 collects fruit in this time interval T0.Sample
Each sampling diffusing transmission signal (Spec_si) is converted to transmissivity (T%) by formula 1.
Attached drawing 5 is four sampling diffuse transmission light spectral curves for listing three different fruit samples of pol, same sample
Each time sampling spectrum is not fully identical；T% differs greatly near 600~650nm, wave crest 715nm, illustrates the difference of fruit
It is affected at sampled measurements to the SPECTRAL REGION；T% difference after 740nm becomes smaller, and illustrates to this region spectral signal shadow
Sound is smaller.
80~130g of apple edible portion is taken to be squeezed the juice, filtered, with Abbe refractometer (model: WAY-2S, precision
0.1%Brix, Shanghai Precision Scientific Apparatus Co., Ltd) measurement soluble solid content (soluble solid
Content, SSC), each sample measurement 3 times takes close 2 average value as the sample physical and chemical index, and by the red richness in Shandong
Scholar's apple according to 2:1 ratio cut partition be training set and forecast set 1, it is as a result as follows using elements in Fuji apple in Shaanxi province as forecast set 2
Shown in table:
Partial Least Squares (partial least square, PLS) is used for the training and prediction of regression model, by each instruction
Practice input item of the spectrum of collection sample as model, output item of the physical and chemical index SSC as model.The first modeling method is:
Sample in training set is respectively sampled into spectrum and carries out training spectrum average, after 7 smoothing processings as PLS regression model, prediction
Spectrum is respectively the averaged spectrum of forecast set 1,2 sample of forecast set.Second of modeling method is: by each sampled light in training set
Compose directly as PLS model input item, i.e., by sample size expand to original 4 times, prediction spectrum be respectively forecast set 1,
Each sampling spectrum of 2 sample of forecast set.For each sampling spectrum of forecast sample, four predicted values are made into mean value calculation,
And compared with true value, as a result as shown in Fig. 7.
From attached drawing 6 as can be seen that using averaged spectrum PLS model is based on, though show diffuse transmission light spectrum signal and sample
There are 0.918 degrees of correlation between SSC, but predicted value and actual value reach -3%Brix there are deviation Bias, this is by sample
The factors such as the place of production, the age of tree, weather, soil influence, and deviate predicted value appearance systematically；And it uses and is based on each sampling spectrum
PLS model, predicted root mean square error 0.531%Brix, prediction deviation Bias are reduced to -0.241%Brix, are shown based on each
Sampling spectrum PLS model can more increase the spectral weight with effective information transmitted spectrum area.In practical applications, it is proposed that adopt
The PLS regression model based on each sampling establishment of spectrum is taken, multiple repairing weld is carried out to sample, takes the average value of predicted value as final
Testing result.
The above disclosure is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, cannot limit the right model of the present invention with this certainly
It encloses, therefore equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of the present invention, is still within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of inside quality non-destructive testing device of fruit, it is characterised in that: including pallet (01), annular darkening ring (02),
Halogen light source (3), pedestal (04), channel transmission optical fiber (6) and motor (13), the pallet (01) is for carrying and limiting
Position fruit, the pedestal (04) are set to the lower section of pallet (01) and are used to support and fixed tray (01), and the annular hides
Aperture (02) is located in pallet (01) and is circumferentially arranged along the internal perisporium of pallet (01)；
The annular darkening ring (02) is circumferentially distributed several light inlet windows that the internal ring wall of itself is connected with external annulus
(16) and simultaneously there is interval in several loophole groups, each light inlet window (16) equidistant arrangement between any loophole group,
Each loophole group includes a positioning class loophole (170) and a loophole (17), each positioning class loophole
(170) equidistant arrangement, the light transmission in each loophole group for being arranged successively of counter clockwise direction of the annular darkening ring (02)
The distance between hole (17) and corresponding positioning class loophole (170) become larger；
The quantity of the halogen light source (3) has several, and each halogen light source (3) is set on the interior of pallet (01)
Peripheral wall is simultaneously corresponded with the position of each light inlet window (16), and the channel transmission optical fiber (06) is received with several optical signals
Port (15) and a light signal output end mouth, each optical signal receiving port (15) are set to the internal perisporium of pallet (01)
And it is corresponded with the position of each loophole group；
The periphery of the annular darkening ring (02) is equipped with several gear grooveds (18), wherein gear grooved described in one (18) is equipped with
Be engaged with the driving gear (12) of transmission, gear grooved (18) described in remaining is equipped with the driven gear for being engaged with transmission,
The motor (13) is set to pallet (01), and the motor (13) has an output shaft, the output shaft and driving gear (12)
Setting is interlocked, engaged transmission of the driving gear (12) with corresponding gear grooved (18) can be driven by the rotation of output shaft, with band
Rotating ring shape darkening ring (02) rotates clockwise；
When the position of each loophole group on each optical signal receiving port (15) and annular darkening ring (02) on the pallet (1)
It sets and is exported when misfitting without spectral signal；When on the pallet (1) each optical signal receiving port (15) with it is each corresponding
Output spectrum signal when the position of positioning class loophole (170) matches；In the rotation process of annular darkening ring (02), support
It is corresponding that a wherein optical signal receiving port (15) on disk (1) can merge output with the position kissing of corresponding loophole (17)
Spectral signal, remaining each optical signal receiving port (15) are then misfitted with the position of corresponding each loophole (1) and unglazed
Spectrum signal output, and each halogen light source (3) on the pallet always with the position composition office of corresponding light inlet window (16)
Portion all coincide.
2. a kind of inside quality non-destructive testing device of fruit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: each halogen
Plain lamp source (3) and each optical signal receiving port (15) are obliquely installed upwards.
3. a kind of inside quality non-destructive testing device of fruit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the light letter
The quantity of number receiving port (15) quantity and halogen light source (3) is four.
4. a kind of inside quality non-destructive testing device of fruit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the pedestal
(04) outer surface is fixedly installed display screen (09), and the inside of the pedestal (04) is fixedly installed fan (05), miniature
Spectrometer (07) and controller (08), the fan (05) are located at the lower section of pallet (01), the micro spectrometer (07)
It is electrically connected with the light signal output end mouth of channel transmission optical fiber (06), the controller (08) is electrically connected with motor (13).
5. a kind of inside quality lossless detection method of fruit, which is characterized in that described in any item using claims 1-4
The inside quality non-destructive testing device of fruit detects fruit.
6. a kind of inside quality lossless detection method of fruit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that specifically include with
Lower step:
Fruit is placed in pallet (01) by step 1；
Step 2, controller (08) check whether annular darkening ring (02) is in initial position, and motor (13) is driven to make annular screening
Aperture (02) is reset to initial position, and after fixed time intervals, controller (08) drives motor (13) to drive driving gear (12)
Annular darkening ring (02) is set to rotate fixed angle, at this time first optical signal receiving port (15) of channel transmission optical fiber (6)
Just merge acquisition spectral signal, remaining loophole (17) with loophole (17) position kissing corresponding in annular darkening ring (02)
All blocked；
After step 3, fixed time intervals, annular darkening ring (02) continues to rotate fixed angle, the next light letter being arranged successively
Number receiving port (15) merges acquisition spectral signal with loophole (17) position kissing corresponding in annular darkening ring (02) just,
Remaining loophole (17) is blocked；
Step 4 repeats step 3, until the last one the optical signal receiving port (15) being arranged successively and annular darkening ring (02)
In corresponding loophole (17) position match, when all optical signal receiving ports (15) of channel transmission optical fiber (6) are all complete
After spectroscopic acquisition, the diffuse transmission light spectrum signal acquired every time is transmitted to the internal model of controller (08), is calculated
The physical and chemical index of corresponding fruit, and calculate the average value and standard deviation of physical and chemical index.
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| CN110389104A (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2019-10-29 | 南京林业大学 | The fruit quality detection method that pericarp influences is eliminated based on spectral differences subassembly |
| CN111982835A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-11-24 | 吉林求是光谱数据科技有限公司 | Fruit sugar degree nondestructive testing device and method based on silicon-based multispectral chip |
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| CN110389104A (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2019-10-29 | 南京林业大学 | The fruit quality detection method that pericarp influences is eliminated based on spectral differences subassembly |
| CN111982835A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-11-24 | 吉林求是光谱数据科技有限公司 | Fruit sugar degree nondestructive testing device and method based on silicon-based multispectral chip |
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Application publication date: 20181225 Assignee: BEIJING SUNSHINE YISHIDA TRADE Co.,Ltd. Assignor: Wenzhou University Contract record no.: X2023980047827 Denomination of invention: A non-destructive testing device and method for the internal quality of fruits Granted publication date: 20231003 License type: Common License Record date: 20231123 |