CN109085095B - Soil contact angle testing device and method - Google Patents
Soil contact angle testing device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109085095B CN109085095B CN201810895254.2A CN201810895254A CN109085095B CN 109085095 B CN109085095 B CN 109085095B CN 201810895254 A CN201810895254 A CN 201810895254A CN 109085095 B CN109085095 B CN 109085095B
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
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Abstract
The invention provides a soil contact angle testing device and a soil contact angle testing method. The invention also provides a soil contact angle testing method, which uses the soil contact angle testing device and comprises the steps of sample preparation, test device initialization, test and photographing, contact angle calibration and calculation. According to the soil contact angle testing device and method, the mode that the sample is prepared, the sample is contacted with the water surface, and then the liquid bridge is pulled out is adopted, so that the problem of inaccurate contact angle testing caused by the fact that water drops infiltrate the soil is solved, and the testing precision is improved; compared with the traditional method and equipment, the method has the advantages of simple operation, low equipment maintenance requirement, wide application range and easy popularization and use, and can be also suitable for measuring other solid-liquid contact angles.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil detection, in particular to a soil contact angle testing device and method.
Background
In the geotechnical engineering field, the wettability and the capillary action of rock and soil are two important properties, and the two properties are widely applied in the engineering field, such as the application of the wettability in oil and natural gas exploitation, and the application of the capillary action in slope protection and foundation treatment. Therefore, the measurement of the soil contact angle is of great significance for evaluating the wettability and the capillary action of the soil.
At present, in the fields of petroleum, chemical industry and the like, a direct measurement method of a contact angle is used for directly dropping liquid drops on the surface of a sample to carry out photographing calculation or an indirect measurement method is used for equivalently calculating a known contact angle material. However, since soil is a three-phase porous material consisting of solid, liquid and gas, the soil has many gaps and is easy to infiltrate, and the contact angle measurement result of the existing testing device and method for soil is not accurate.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a soil contact angle testing device and a soil contact angle testing method so as to solve the problem that the soil contact angle cannot be accurately measured in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problem, the application adopts the following technical scheme:
a soil contact angle testing device comprises a frame, a supporting foot arranged at the bottom of the frame, a cross beam arranged at the top of the frame, a sample hanging assembly arranged on the cross beam, a sample measuring assembly arranged on the inner side of the frame and a photographing assembly arranged on the frame;
the sample hanging assembly comprises a lifting motor arranged on the cross beam, a lifting rod arranged at the lower end of the lifting motor, a cutting ring clamping groove arranged at the lower end of the lifting rod and a cutting ring arranged at the tail end of the cutting ring clamping groove;
the sample measuring assembly comprises a sample measuring platform arranged on the inner side of the rack and a water vessel arranged on the sample measuring platform;
the shooting assembly comprises a camera platform arranged on the side surface of the rack and a camera arranged on the camera platform.
The invention also provides a soil contact angle testing method which uses the soil contact angle testing device.
The invention also has the following technical characteristics:
specifically, the sample hanging assembly further comprises a limiting ring and a limiting ring fixing rod, wherein the limiting ring and the limiting ring fixing rod are sleeved outside the lifting rod, and the limiting ring is mounted on the cross beam through the limiting ring fixing rod;
a lifting wire and a universal level are further installed between the lifting rod and the lifting motor, one end of the lifting wire is connected with and wound on an output shaft of the lifting motor, the other end of the lifting wire is fixedly connected with the universal level, and the universal level is installed at the top end of the lifting rod.
Specifically, the tail end of the cutting ring is provided with a cylindrical inner hole.
Specifically, the height of the supporting foot is adjustable.
Specifically, the height of the camera shooting platform is adjustable, at least one camera is arranged, and the central axis of the camera lens of the camera is parallel to and faces the water container.
Specifically, the water vessel is made of transparent materials.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a soil sample, taking a cutting ring from a cutting ring clamping groove, smearing vaseline on the inner side of the cutting ring, compacting the soil sample with a contact angle to be detected to prepare a cylindrical sample with the diameter and the length equal to the diameter of an inner hole of the cutting ring, smearing the vaseline on the side surface of the sample, installing the sample into the cutting ring, and enabling the surface of the sample to be flush with the tail end of the inner hole of the cutting ring;
secondly, initializing a testing device, adjusting the height of a supporting foot to enable bubbles in the universal level to be in the central position, adjusting the height of a cutting ring to enable the bottom of the cutting ring to be higher than the upper edge of the water vessel, filling water into the water vessel, adjusting the height of a camera shooting platform, and ensuring that a central shaft of a camera is parallel to the water surface in the water vessel;
step three, testing and photographing, turning on a camera for real-time photographing recording, then turning on a switch of a lifting motor to enable the sample to fully contact the water surface, controlling the lifting motor to rotate reversely at a constant speed, enabling the cutting ring to rise at a constant speed and finally separate from the water surface;
and step four, calibrating and calculating the contact angle, intercepting the picture of the liquid bridge from the recorded picture of the camera, respectively making a tangent to the contact point of the water on the interface of the liquid bridge and the surface of the soil sample, measuring the included angle between the tangent and the horizontal line, wherein the included angle is the solved contact angle, and finally averaging the obtained contact angle values to obtain the final contact angle value.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
according to the soil contact angle testing device and method, the problem of inaccurate contact angle testing caused by soaking soil with water drops is solved by preparing the test sample, contacting the water surface and pulling out the liquid bridge, and the testing precision is improved;
compared with the traditional method and equipment, the soil contact angle testing device and method have the advantages of simple operation, low equipment maintenance requirement, portability and more direct measurement result;
(III) the soil contact angle testing device and the method can also be suitable for measuring other solid-liquid contact angles, have wide application range and are easy to popularize and use.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the testing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of the testing device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the cutting ring of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a detailed flow chart of the contact angle testing method of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the lower end of the cutting ring of the present invention submerged in water;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the liquid bridge of the present invention with the cutting ring lifted upwardly;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the liquid bridge before separation of the soil sample from the water in the cutting ring of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic representation of a soil sample separated from water in the cutting ring of the present invention;
the meaning of the individual reference symbols in the figures is: the method comprises the following steps of 1-a rack, 2-supporting feet, 3-a beam, 4-a sample hanging component, 5-a sample measuring component, 6-a photographing component, 41-a lifting motor, 42-a lifting rod, 43-a cutting ring clamping groove, 44-a cutting ring, 45-a limiting ring, 46-a limiting ring fixing rod, 47-a hanging wire, 48-a universal level, 51-a sample measuring platform, 52-a water vessel, 61-a camera shooting platform and 62-a camera.
The present invention will be explained in further detail with reference to examples.
Detailed Description
The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and all equivalent changes based on the technical solutions of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Example (b):
the embodiment provides a soil contact angle testing device, as shown in fig. 1 to 8, which comprises a frame 1 with a cuboid structure, supporting feet 2 arranged at the bottom of the frame 1, a cross beam 3 arranged at the top of the frame 1, a sample hanging component 4 arranged on the cross beam 3, a sample measuring component 5 arranged at the inner side of the frame 1 and a photographing component 6 arranged on the frame;
the sample hanging component 4 comprises a lifting motor 41 arranged on the cross beam 3, a lifting rod 42 arranged at the lower end of the lifting motor 41, a cutting ring clamping groove 43 arranged at the lower end of the lifting rod 42 and a cutting ring 44 arranged at the tail end of the cutting ring clamping groove 43;
the sample measuring assembly 5 comprises a sample measuring platform 51 arranged on the inner side of the frame 1 and a water vessel 52 arranged on the sample measuring platform 51;
the shooting assembly 6 comprises a camera platform 61 arranged on the side surface of the machine frame 1 and a camera 62 arranged on the camera platform 61.
This example also shows a soil contact angle test method using the soil contact angle test apparatus as described above.
As a specific scheme of the soil contact angle testing device in this embodiment, the sample hanging assembly 4 in this embodiment further includes a limiting ring 45 and a limiting ring fixing rod 46 sleeved outside the lifting rod 42, and the limiting ring 45 is mounted on the cross beam 3 through the limiting ring fixing rod 46;
a suspension wire 47 and a universal level 48 are further installed between the lifting rod 42 and the lifting motor 41, one end of the suspension wire 47 is connected and wound on the output shaft of the lifting motor 41, the other end of the suspension wire 47 is fixedly connected with the universal level 48, and the universal level 48 is installed on the lifting rod 42.
As a specific scheme of the soil contact angle testing device in this embodiment, a cylindrical inner hole is formed at the tail end of the cutting ring 44 in this embodiment.
As a specific scheme of the soil contact angle testing device of the present embodiment, the height of the supporting foot 2 of the present embodiment is adjustable.
As a preferable scheme of the soil contact angle testing device in this embodiment, the height of the image pickup platform 61 in this embodiment is adjustable, one camera 62 is respectively disposed on each of the four side surfaces of the rack 1, and the central axes of the lenses of the cameras 62 are parallel and face the water pan 52.
As a preferable scheme of the soil contact angle testing device of the present embodiment, the wheel seat 41 and the blade 42 of the present embodiment are integrally formed by pressing and molding a common iron-carbon filler capable of releasing iron ions after being baked at a high temperature.
As a specific solution of the soil contact angle testing apparatus of the present embodiment, the water dish 52 of the present embodiment is made of a transparent material.
As a specific scheme of the soil contact angle testing method in this embodiment, the soil contact angle testing method in this embodiment includes the following steps:
preparing a soil sample, taking down a cutting ring 44 from a cutting ring clamping groove 43, smearing vaseline on the inner side of the cutting ring, compacting the soil sample with a contact angle to be detected to prepare a cylindrical sample with the diameter and the length equal to the diameter of an inner hole of the cutting ring 44, smearing the vaseline on the side surface of the sample, installing the sample into the cutting ring 44, and enabling the surface of the sample to be flush with the tail end of the inner hole of the cutting ring 44;
step two, initializing a testing device, adjusting the height of the supporting feet 2 to enable bubbles in the universal level 48 to be in the central position, adjusting the height of the cutting ring 44 to enable the bottom of the cutting ring 43 to be higher than the upper edge of the water vessel 52, filling water into the water vessel 52, adjusting the height of the camera shooting platform 61, and ensuring that the central axis of the camera 62 is parallel to the water surface in the water vessel 52;
step three, testing and photographing, turning on the camera 62 to take real-time photographing records, then turning on a switch of the lifting motor 41 to enable the sample to fully contact the water surface, and then controlling the lifting motor 41 to rotate reversely at a constant speed to enable the cutting ring 44 to rise at a constant speed and finally separate from the water surface;
step four, calibrating and calculating the contact angle, intercepting the liquid bridge picture from the recorded picture of the camera 62, then respectively making a tangent line on the contact point of the water on the liquid bridge interface and the surface of the soil sample, measuring the included angle between the tangent line and the horizontal line, wherein the included angle is the solved contact angle, and finally averaging the obtained contact angle values to obtain the final contact angle value.
The testing device and the method are particularly suitable for testing the soil contact angle of a soil sample with high porosity or wettability. When the contact angle of a soil sample with larger porosity or wettability is tested by using the prior art, for example, when a drop-on-lie method is used for testing, the retention time of water drops on the surface of the sample is very short, and most of the water drops are less than one hundredth of a second or even shorter. Due to the fact that the residence time of the liquid drops is too short, great difficulty is brought to testing, meanwhile, the testing precision is difficult to guarantee, and even most soil samples with large porosity or wettability cannot be used for testing the soil contact angle by the existing technology such as a lying drop method. The testing device provided by the invention originally provides a method and a device for testing the cutting angle of the liquid bridge by utilizing the liquid bridge lifted by soil so as to measure the soil contact angle, can also test soil samples with larger porosity or wettability, and has good testing consistency and accuracy. Furthermore, the testing device and the method of the invention are also suitable for testing the contact angle of other materials with small porosity or no wettability, such as rocks, minerals, rubber, concrete and the like.
Claims (3)
1. A soil contact angle testing device comprises a rack (1), a supporting foot (2) arranged at the bottom of the rack (1), and a cross beam (3) arranged at the top of the rack (1), and is characterized by also comprising a sample hanging component (4) arranged on the cross beam (3), a sample measuring component (5) arranged on the inner side of the rack (1), and a photographing component (6) arranged on the rack;
the sample hanging assembly (4) comprises a lifting motor (41) arranged on the cross beam (3), a lifting rod (42) arranged at the lower end of the lifting motor (41), a cutting ring clamping groove (43) arranged at the lower end of the lifting rod (42) and a cutting ring (44) arranged at the tail end of the cutting ring clamping groove (43);
the sample measuring assembly (5) comprises a sample measuring platform (51) arranged on the inner side of the rack (1) and a water vessel (52) arranged on the sample measuring platform (51);
the photographing assembly (6) comprises a photographing platform (61) arranged on the side surface of the rack (1) and a camera (62) arranged on the photographing platform (61);
the sample hanging assembly (4) further comprises a limiting ring (45) and a limiting ring fixing rod (46) which are sleeved outside the lifting rod (42), and the limiting ring (45) is installed on the cross beam (3) through the limiting ring fixing rod (46);
a suspension wire (47) and a universal level gauge (48) are further arranged between the lifting rod (42) and the lifting motor (41), one end of the suspension wire (47) is connected and wound on an output shaft of the lifting motor (41), the other end of the suspension wire (47) is fixedly connected with the universal level gauge (48), and the universal level gauge (48) is arranged at the top end of the lifting rod (42);
the tail end of the cutting ring (44) is provided with a cylindrical inner hole;
the height of the supporting foot (2) is adjustable;
the height of the camera platform (61) is adjustable, at least one camera (62) is arranged, and the central axis of the lens of the camera (62) is parallel to and faces the water container (52);
the water dish (52) is made of transparent materials.
2. A soil contact angle test method using the soil contact angle test apparatus of claim 1.
3. The soil contact angle test method of claim 2, comprising the steps of:
step one, preparing a soil sample, taking down a cutting ring (44) from a cutting ring clamping groove (43), coating vaseline on the inner side of the cutting ring, compacting the soil sample with a contact angle to be detected to prepare a cylindrical sample with the diameter and length equal to the diameter of an inner hole of the cutting ring (44), coating the vaseline on the side surface of the sample, installing the sample into the cutting ring (44), and enabling the surface of the sample to be flush with the tail end of the inner hole of the cutting ring (44);
secondly, initializing a testing device, adjusting the height of the supporting foot (2), enabling bubbles in the universal level (48) to be in the central position, adjusting the height of the cutting ring (44), enabling the bottom of the cutting ring (44) to be higher than the upper edge of the water vessel (52), filling water into the water vessel (52), adjusting the height of the camera platform (61), and ensuring that the central axis of the camera (62) is parallel to the water surface in the water vessel (52);
step three, testing and photographing, turning on a camera (62) for real-time photographing recording, then turning on a switch of a lifting motor (41) to enable the sample to fully contact the water surface, and then controlling the lifting motor (41) to rotate reversely at a constant speed to enable a cutting ring (44) to rise at a constant speed and finally separate from the water surface;
and step four, calibrating and calculating the contact angle, intercepting the liquid bridge picture from the recorded picture of the camera (62), then respectively making a tangent line on the contact point of the water on the liquid bridge interface and the surface of the soil sample, measuring the included angle between the tangent line and the horizontal line, wherein the included angle is the solved contact angle, and finally averaging the obtained contact angle values to obtain the final contact angle value.
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| CN201810895254.2A CN109085095B (en) | 2018-08-08 | 2018-08-08 | Soil contact angle testing device and method |
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