CN110646323A - Device and method for measuring liquid density by using equal-volume static buoyancy comparison method - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring liquid density by using equal-volume static buoyancy comparison method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110646323A CN110646323A CN201910941422.1A CN201910941422A CN110646323A CN 110646323 A CN110646323 A CN 110646323A CN 201910941422 A CN201910941422 A CN 201910941422A CN 110646323 A CN110646323 A CN 110646323A
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- buoyancy
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N9/00—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
- G01N9/08—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by measuring buoyant force of solid materials by weighing both in air and in a liquid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
- G01N13/02—Investigating surface tension of liquids
Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for measuring liquid density by an isometric static buoyancy comparison method, wherein the device comprises a constant temperature box (1), a buoyancy rod (5), a buoyancy ball (6), a detachable fixture (4), a balance (2), a finely adjustable lifting rack (3) and a sample cup (9), wherein the buoyancy rod (5), the buoyancy ball (6), the top of the detachable fixture (4), the balance (2), the finely adjustable lifting rack (3) and the sample cup (9) are arranged in the constant temperature box (1), the bottom of the buoyancy rod (5) is connected with the buoyancy ball (6), the detachable fixture (4) is fixed on the detachable fixture (4), the detachable fixture (4) is arranged on the balance (2), and the sample cup (9) is arranged on the finely adjustable lifting rack (3) and is positioned below. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of high accuracy, wide measurement range, high speed and the like, and is not influenced by air pressure change and air buoyancy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device for measuring liquid density, in particular to a device for measuring liquid density by an isometric static buoyancy comparison method.
Background
The density and the surface tension are one of main physical parameters and important characteristics of the liquid, and the density of different substances is different, so that the category of the substances can be preliminarily judged, and the density and the surface tension are also important indexes for evaluating the quality of the liquid.
The current method for quickly testing density is densimeter method, which is mainly made according to Archimedes' law and the principle of balancing that the object floats on the liquid surface, and is a conventional instrument for testing the density of liquid. It is composed of a closed glass tube with one end having uniform thickness and the other end being expanded into a bubble shape. There are two types of specific gravity meters commonly used, one for measuring the density of a liquid having a density greater than that of water, called a "gravimetric scale"; another type of liquid, which is used to measure density less than water, is known as a "light gauge".
Recently, the development of new nanoscale materials by utilizing the characteristics of surface tension becomes a hot point of scientific research. Therefore, the rapid test method and the test instrument for researching the density and the surface tension of the liquid have important practical significance.
The immersion densitometer can only roughly estimate the density, has a small measurement range, cannot ensure the accuracy, and has no signal output.
With the development of analysis technology and the improvement of the requirement on testing speed, high-level single parameter detection instruments are sold as commodities for a long time, but a multifunctional rapid tester capable of testing liquid density and surface tension is not recorded at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a device and a method for rapidly and accurately measuring the density of liquid by an isometric static buoyancy comparison method.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: the device is characterized by comprising a constant temperature box, a buoyancy rod, a buoyancy ball, a detachable fixture, a balance, a finely adjustable lifting rack and a sample cup, wherein the buoyancy rod, the buoyancy ball, the detachable fixture, the balance, the finely adjustable lifting rack and the sample cup are arranged in the constant temperature box, the bottom of the buoyancy rod is connected with the buoyancy ball, the top of the buoyancy rod is fixed on the detachable fixture, the detachable fixture is arranged on the balance, and the sample cup is arranged on the finely adjustable lifting rack and is positioned below the buoyancy ball.
The diameter of the buoyancy rod is less than 1 mm. To reduce the error caused by the infiltration or non-infiltration phenomenon.
The sample cup is driven to move up and down by the finely adjustable lifting rack, so that the buoyancy ball is immersed in the liquid in the sample cup.
The buoyancy rod or the buoyancy ball is provided with a reference mark, the laser is arranged on one side of the detachable clamp, and the reference mark is fixedly touched by light beams emitted by the laser, so that the liquid level of the buoyancy ball immersed in the sample cup is determined. And the laser beam collimation is adopted to keep the liquid level height of each measurement consistent with the scale.
The detachable fixture comprises a frame and a nut arranged at the top of the frame, the upper part of the buoyancy rod is provided with a thread corresponding to the nut, and the top of the buoyancy rod is screwed into the nut and fixed.
The fine-adjustable lifting rack comprises a fixed rod and a movable rod, one end of the movable rod is fixed on the fixed rod through a movable block, and a cup stand is arranged at the other end of the movable rod and used for fixing a sample cup. The lifting platform can be finely adjusted to ensure that the volume of the ball immersed in the liquid is constant in each measurement.
The buoyancy ball is made of glass.
The buoyancy ball can be replaced by a platinum plate or a platinum ring, and the surface tension of the liquid is measured. When the surface tension of the liquid is measured, the buoyancy ball can be replaced by a platinum ring or a platinum plate to measure the maximum force value of the liquid or the balance value of the surface tension of the liquid according to different emphasis points of the measurement parameters.
The key point of the technology is to ensure that the volume of the ball body immersed in the liquid is constant in each measurement under the condition of a constant temperature environment. According to archimedes' law, the object is subjected to upward buoyancy in the liquid, the magnitude of which depends on the volume of the liquid to be displaced, i.e., F ═ ρ × V × g, which can also be derived as F ═ m × g. Buoyancy is therefore also related to the mass of liquid displaced.
The method for measuring the density of the liquid by adopting the device to carry out the isometric static buoyancy comparison method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1. before the test operation, keeping the constant temperature of the constant temperature box, placing the detachable fixture on a balance in the constant temperature box, fixing the buoyancy ball by using the detachable fixture, and recording the reading of the balance or returning the balance to zero;
2. during testing, firstly, liquid with known density is contained in the sample cup, the sample cup is placed on the fine-adjustable lifting rack, after the temperature is constant, the fine-adjustable lifting rack is lifted until the laser beam contacts the illumination mark, and the reading m of the balance is readHas already been used for；
3. Placing the liquid to be measured in the sample cup, repeating the steps, and reading the reading m of the balanceIs prepared from(ii) a By the formula rhoIs prepared from＝ρHas already been used for×(mIs prepared from/mHas already been used for) The density of the liquid to be measured can be calculated.
The device is based on the Archimedes principle, utilizes the comparison of the buoyancy to determine the density of the liquid, is simple and quick to operate compared with a density bottle method, simultaneously solves the limitation of an immersion densimeter device on the requirement of determining the density of the liquid, has good practicability, can output a signal, and can be matched with a platinum plate or a platinum ring to determine the surface tension of the liquid.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the accuracy is higher than that of an immersion densitometer.
2. Is not influenced by air pressure change and air buoyancy.
3. More volatile or more viscous liquids can be measured.
4. Simple operation and easy cleaning of the device.
5. The measuring range is wide and the speed is high.
6. The surface tension of the liquid can also be measured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the device structure:
a thermostat 1; a balance 2; the lifting rack 3 can be finely adjusted; a detachable clamp 4; a thin rod 5; a buoyant ball 6; a reference mark 7; a laser 8; a sample cup 9.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the buoyant spheres 6 and the fiducial marks 7.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the phenomenon of infiltration or non-infiltration.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
Example 1
The utility model provides a device of isovolumetric static buoyancy method survey liquid density, the device includes thermostated container 1 to and arrange buoyancy pole 5, buoyancy ball 6, demountable anchor clamps 4, balance 2 in the thermostated container 1 in, finely tune lift rack 3, laser instrument 8 and sample cup 9, 5 bottoms of buoyancy pole connect buoyancy ball 6, the top is fixed on demountable anchor clamps 4, demountable anchor clamps 4 place on balance 2, sample cup 9 put on finely tune lift rack 3 to be located buoyancy ball 6 below, drive sample cup 9 through finely tune lift rack 3 and reciprocate, make buoyancy ball 6 submerge in the liquid in sample cup 9.
Wherein, the diameter of the buoyancy rod 5 is less than 1mm, the buoyancy rod 5 or the buoyancy ball 6 is provided with a reference mark 7, the laser 8 is arranged at one side of the detachable fixture 4, and the reference mark 7 is fixedly touched by a light beam emitted by the laser 8, so that the liquid level of the buoyancy ball 6 immersed in the sample cup 9 is determined.
The detachable clamp 4 comprises a frame 41 and a nut 42 arranged at the top of the frame, the upper part of the buoyancy rod 5 is provided with a thread corresponding to the nut, and the top of the buoyancy rod 5 is screwed into the nut for fixation.
The fine-adjustable lifting rack 3 comprises a fixed rod 31 and a movable rod 32, one end of the movable rod 32 is fixed on the fixed rod 31 through a movable block 33, and the other end of the movable rod is provided with a cup holder for fixing the sample cup 9.
The buoyancy ball 6 is made of glass.
The method for measuring the density of the liquid by adopting the device to carry out the isometric static buoyancy comparison method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) before the test operation, the constant temperature of the constant temperature box 1 is kept, the detachable clamp 4 is placed on the balance 2 in the constant temperature box 1, the buoyancy ball 6 is fixed by the detachable clamp 4, and the reading of the balance 2 is recorded or the balance 2 is reset to zero;
(2) during testing, firstly, liquid with known density is filled in the sample cup 9, the sample cup 9 is placed on the fine-adjustable lifting rack 3, after the temperature is constant, the fine-adjustable lifting rack 3 is lifted until the light beam of the laser 8 touches the illumination mark 7, and the reading m of the balance 2 is readHas already been used for；
(3) Placing the liquid to be measured in the sample cup 9, repeating the step 2, and reading the reading m of the balance 2Is prepared from(ii) a By the formula rhoIs prepared from＝ρHas already been used for×(mIs prepared from/mHas already been used for) The density of the liquid to be measured can be calculated.
The buoyancy ball 6 can be replaced by a platinum plate or a platinum ring, and the surface tension of the liquid is measured.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a device of isovolumetric static buoyancy method survey liquid density which characterized in that, the device include thermostated container (1) to and arrange buoyancy pole (5), buoyancy ball (6), detachable anchor clamps (4), balance (2), finely tune lift rack (3) and sample cup (9) in thermostated container (1) in, buoyancy pole (5) bottom connect buoyancy ball (6), the top is fixed on detachable anchor clamps (4), detachable anchor clamps (4) place on balance (2), sample cup (9) put on finely tune lift rack (3) to be located buoyancy ball (6) below.
2. The apparatus for determining the density of a liquid by isovolumetric buoyancy comparison according to claim 1, wherein the buoyancy rod (5) has a diameter of less than 1 mm.
3. The device for measuring the density of the liquid by the isovolumetric static buoyancy comparison method according to claim 1, wherein the sample cup (9) is driven to move up and down by the finely adjustable lifting rack (3), so that the buoyancy ball (6) is immersed in the liquid in the sample cup (9).
4. An isometric hydrostatic buoyancy comparison liquid density measuring device according to claim 3, wherein the buoyancy rod (5) or the buoyancy ball (6) is provided with a reference mark (7), the laser (8) is arranged on one side of the detachable clamp (4), and the reference mark (7) is fixedly touched by a light beam emitted by the laser (8), so that the liquid level of the buoyancy ball (6) immersed in the sample cup (9) is determined.
5. The device for measuring the density of the liquid by the isovolumetric static buoyancy comparison method according to claim 1, wherein the detachable clamp (4) comprises a frame (41) and a nut (42) arranged at the top of the frame, the upper part of the buoyancy rod (5) is provided with a thread corresponding to the nut, and the top of the buoyancy rod (5) is screwed into the nut for fixing.
6. The device for measuring the density of the liquid by the isovolumetric static buoyancy comparison method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the finely adjustable lifting platform (3) comprises a fixed rod (31) and a movable rod (32), one end of the movable rod (32) is fixed on the fixed rod (31) through a movable block (33), and the other end of the movable rod is provided with a cup holder for fixing the sample cup (9).
7. The device for measuring the density of the liquid by the isovolumetric buoyancy comparison method according to claim 1, wherein the buoyancy ball (6) is made of glass.
8. The apparatus for measuring the density of liquid by an isometric buoyancy comparison method according to claim 1, wherein the buoyancy ball (6) can be replaced by a platinum plate or a platinum ring to measure the surface tension of the liquid.
9. A method for determining the density of a liquid by an isometric buoyancy comparison method using the device of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) before test operation, keeping the constant temperature of the constant temperature box (1), placing the detachable clamp (4) on the balance (2) in the constant temperature box (1), fixing the buoyancy ball (6) by the detachable clamp (4), and recording the reading of the balance (2) or returning the balance (2) to zero;
(2) when in test, firstly, the sample cup (9) is filled with liquid with known density, and the sample cup (9) is placed inThe finely adjustable lifting rack (3) is lifted to the position where the light beam of the laser (8) touches the reference mark (7) after the temperature is constant, and the reading m of the balance (2) is readHas already been used for；
(3) Placing the liquid to be measured in a sample cup (9), repeating the step (2), and reading the reading m of the balance (2)Is prepared from(ii) a By the formula rhoIs prepared from＝ρHas already been used for×(mIs prepared from/mHas already been used for) The density of the liquid to be measured can be calculated.
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| CN201910941422.1A CN110646323A (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2019-09-30 | Device and method for measuring liquid density by using equal-volume static buoyancy comparison method |
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| CN201910941422.1A CN110646323A (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2019-09-30 | Device and method for measuring liquid density by using equal-volume static buoyancy comparison method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111721670A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-09-29 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Liquid density measuring device |
| CN112284969A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-01-29 | 东来涂料技术（上海）股份有限公司 | Method for measuring density of coating |
| CN113008731A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-06-22 | 辽宁省计量科学研究院 | Integral floating type floating ball weighing densimeter with temperature correction function |
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Application publication date: 20200103 |