CN104749100A - Device and method for testing attachment property between two-dimensional flexible material and liquid - Google Patents
Device and method for testing attachment property between two-dimensional flexible material and liquid Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for testing the attachment property between a two-dimensional flexible material and liquid. The device comprises a specimen clamping system, a universal joint, a force transducer, an elevator, a transparent liquid trough, a test board, and a control and processing system. The method comprises the following steps: when a horizontally clamped specimen is gradually separated from the liquid surface, obtaining an attachment distance-attachment force curve by testing an acting force generated on the specimen by a liquid bridge formed between the specimen and the liquid surface, and calculating three characterization indexes, namely a maximum attachment force, a maximum attachment distance and attachment power. According to the device and the method disclosed by the invention, the attachment properties of various two-dimensional flexible materials such as woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, nonwoven fabrics, braided fabrics, films, flexible composites and the like to liquid can be tested and evaluated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the performance test field of two-dimension flexible material, particularly relate to proving installation and the method for testing of the attaching between two-dimension flexible material (fabric, film, flexible composite etc.) and liquid.
Background technology
When surface exists liquid, the attaching phenomenon of two-dimension flexible material is very general, sometimes needs to avoid or weaken, sometimes then needs to be used.Such as high temperature or motion cause a large amount of perspiration, baby or old man's urinary incontinence, sepage is wound applied, body metabolism makes bed patient johnny and bedding moist, be soaked with rain, swim after to debark etc. in situation, human body skin is close to by drenched textile, make stretching, extension, the action such as bending retrained significantly, freely stiff, and bring on physiology and psychological strong sense of discomfort, now should reduce attaching as far as possible.And for example spread on the pad pasting on the materials such as facial mask on the face, glass, then need to attach processing ease and carry out, and attach closely, firmly.In such situations, all there is an attractive force (attaching power) in the direction perpendicular to surface of contact.Whether the interface that two-dimension flexible material and liquid contact easily is separated, and (attaching namely between two-dimension flexible material and liquid) plays key effect.Segregative two-dimension flexible material is difficult to be attached on another material with liquid.Therefore, most important to the research of attaching property between two-dimension flexible material and liquid.Proving installation and the method for testing that can evaluate attaching property power between the two contribute to finding out the principal element of impact attaching property and the relationship schedule between attaching property and two-dimension flexible material fundamental performance parameter, can be used for instructing the two-dimension flexible material that between exploitation and liquid, attaching property is suitable.
The research report that when existing with liquid, the attaching of two-dimension flexible material is relevant is quite limited, have and the mode of appearance simulation (Yamada etc. attaching plane are pulled away from from planar central to wetted surface material, Reproduction of thebehavior of the wet cloths taking the atmospheric pressure into account, ACMSpecial Interest Group on Computer Graphics and Interactive TechniquesConference, 2013.7.21-25), the fabric comfortableness forecast model (Ke etc. of subjective feeling and the objective indicator of being related, the foundation of the subjective hot wet migration forecast model of knit fabric under aobvious sweat condition, silk, 2010, (9): 26-29), for producing the concrete reason attached, the principal element of impact attaching property, the research of the aspects such as relation between attaching property and material fundamental performance parameter is also insufficient.For relevant performance evaluation, what have test bonding agent fastness or composite laminated fastness carries out the method and apparatus peeled off, not for the attaching fastness between two-dimension flexible material and liquid towards different angles, there is the method such as Du No ü y platinum loop to measure pulling force suffered when hard material leaves liquid level, with the surface tension of liquid for research object, do not relate to two-dimension flexible material, have and utilize the Temperature Distribution of infrared heat image instrument measuring wetted surface material horizontal rest when insulation instrument hot plate, the area percentage calculated shared by attaching part expresses the attaching (Xing Lei of wetted surface material, Clothing Wetness And Heat Comfort appraisal and study---fabric dynamic heat and moisture Comfort Evaluation and research, Beijing Institute of Clothing Tech, 2008), this method is comparatively indirect, approximate, affects comparatively large, and can not characterize the attaching of two-dimension flexible material in dynamic use procedure by operation technique, there are the apparatus and method (Ji Feng etc. of attaching property between the wetted surface material of test vertical direction clamping and artificial skin, CN 102707040B, the Body fit quick and objective proving installation of fabric hygrometric state and method, 2012.05.22), comparatively close with the actual behaviour in service of fabric, but do not catch the emphasis attaching Journal of Sex Research, namely the interaction between the two of two-dimension flexible material and liquid is principal element, and the existence of artificial skin easily becomes interference, its proterties can affect greatly result, in addition, the initial liquid content of fabric is uncontrollable, the tightness degree difficulty that fabric and artificial skin are initially fitted controls, fabric clamping is irregular, and liquid easily constantly runs off because of Action of Gravity Field in test process, form when fabric is separated with artificial skin is irregular, disturbing factor is many, be unfavorable for the principal element studying fabric attaching property, and it is inapplicable to some two-dimension flexible material, also without monitoring and temperature adjustment function.Still lacking at present can rational evaluation two-dimension flexible material and the liquid proving installation of attaching property and method of testing between the two pointedly.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide proving installation and the method for testing of attaching property between a kind of two-dimension flexible material and liquid, for evaluating the attaching between two-dimension flexible material surface and liquid such as fabric, film, flexible composite.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: the proving installation of attaching property between a kind of two-dimension flexible material and liquid, comprises sample holder system, gimbal suspension, force cell, lifter, transparent liquid bath, test board and control and disposal system; Described lifter, force cell, gimbal suspension, sample holder system connect successively, and transparent liquid slot is immediately below sample holder system; Described control is connected with force cell with disposal system.
Further, described device also comprises side-looking video camera and looks up video camera; Side-looking position for video camera is in the side of sample holder system and transparent liquid bath; Look up video camera to be arranged in test board, and be positioned at immediately below transparent liquid bath, side-looking video camera with look up video camera respectively with control be connected with disposal system.
Further, described sample holder system comprises the transparent cone cylinder part, transparent cylinder part, the first flexible rubber ring, the second flexible rubber ring that are connected to described gimbal suspension; Described transparent cylinder part one end is connected with described transparent cone cylinder part, and the other end is provided with sample stiff end, and sample fixed end cap has cushion rubber; Described transparent cylinder part stage casing is provided with the interlayer that is parallel to sample stiff end, and interlayer center is fixed with spirit bubble; First flexible rubber ring, the second flexible rubber ring are all placed in transparent cylinder part; Transparent cone cylinder part and transparent cylinder part has pore.
Further, described device also comprises thermometer, and described thermometer is inserted in transparent liquid bath; Transparent liquid bath sidewall has volume markings, altitude scale, has a limbus in the middle part of bottom surface; Transparent liquid bath is arranged on test board.
Further, be provided with heating arrangement in described test board, heating arrangement is positioned at below transparent liquid bath.
For a sample preparation device for above-mentioned proving installation, described sample preparation device comprises ferromagnetism hollow round table, the first brace table, the second brace table, magnet ring, hoop device; Described magnet ring is closely placed on outside ferromagnetism hollow round table, and described first brace table, the second brace table are placed in below ferromagnetism hollow round table; Described hoop device comprises diameter and is greater than the center drum of sample stiff end diameter, the activity ring be placed on outside described center drum, circumferentially evenly distributed thin elastic rod, center drum lower end is fixed in described thin elastic rod one end, and the other end is connected to activity ring.
A method of testing for attaching property between two-dimension flexible material and liquid, the proving installation of described method attaching property between above-mentioned two-dimension flexible material and liquid realizes, and the method comprises the following steps:
The first step: sample is fixed by sample holder system, and by gimbal suspension, sample is tilted;
Second step: drive sample uniform descent, until the complete submergence of sample in a liquid by lifter;
3rd step: sample is adjusted to level by gimbal suspension;
4th step: drive sample at the uniform velocity to rise with speed v by lifter, after sample moves to ullage, liquid bridge is formed, and force cell records the power in sample and the detachment process of liquid bridge, and sends force signal f with fixed frequency λ to control and disposal system
i, wherein i is force cell to the sequence number controlling the force signal sent with disposal system, and i when liquid level has just been left in sample testing face is designated as 1; After liquid bridge disconnects, lifter stop motion, force cell records the gravity of sample own and the gravity sum f being absorbed in the liquid in sample
0;
5th step: control to calculate with disposal system to attach distance in real time, i.e. the clamping circumference place in sample testing face and the distance of liquid level
export and attach distance (s)-attaching power (f=f
i-f
0) curve;
6th step: drive sample to continue to rise with lifter, take off the transparent cylinder part that sample is housed, complete test.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) from principal element, two-dimension flexible material and liquid attaching between the two can be evaluated pointedly, not affected by the disturbing factors such as the proterties of the third attached material;
(2) level attach and the method be separated have corresponding theoretical model support, test result stablize, repeatability is good, and in test process, fluid loss is few, and test operation is easy;
(3) once test can obtain characteristic curve, multiple important indicator, the tables of data of whole process, dynamic video, contains much information, and evaluates comprehensively reliable;
(4) test process and result are carried out monitor and invalid differentiation, reject bad data;
(5) wide adaptability, be applicable to the attaching between various two-dimension flexible material and certain liquid such as testing film, woven fabric, knitted fabric, non-weaving cloth, braid, multiple different test condition can be had according to different demand, can, for the experimental analysis of scientific research, the industrialization of product quality, function also can be supplied to detect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is proving installation agent structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is positioned at bottom and the transparent cylinder part can fixing sample unloads and structural representation after being inverted in sample holder system of the present invention;
Fig. 3 ~ Fig. 5 is the process schematic utilizing sample preparation device sample to be loaded into transparent cylinder part in the present invention; Wherein, Fig. 3 be in this process sample preparation device put schematic diagram, Fig. 4 is sample arranging and fixing schematic diagram in this process, and Fig. 5 is that this process loads complete schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is the relation schematic diagram of sample and liquid in each testing procedure of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is that sample is to the attaching typical curve of liquid and index;
Fig. 8 is that the attaching distance of 5 sample gained-attach force curve tested respectively by four kinds of different fabrics, and the numeral standard deviation in bracket accounts for the number percent (number percent that the former is the number percent of maximum attaching power, the latter is maximum attaching distance) of mean value.
In figure: 1-sample holder system, 101-sample, 102-transparent cylinder part, 103-sample stiff end, 104-cushion rubber, 105-interlayer, 106-spirit bubble, 107-ferromagnetism hollow round table, 108a-first brace table, 108b-second brace table, 109-magnet ring, 110a-first flexible rubber ring, 110b-second flexible rubber ring, 111-sample testing face, 112-hoop device; 2-gimbal suspension; 3-force cell; 4-lifter; 51-side-looking video camera, 52-looks up video camera; The transparent liquid bath of 6-, 61-liquid, 62-liquid bridge, 63-thermometer; 7-test board, 71-heating arrangement, 72-built-in space; 8-controls and disposal system.
Embodiment
For the ease of understanding, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, set forth the present invention further.Should be appreciated that these embodiments are only not used in for illustration of the present invention to limit the scope of the invention.In addition should be understood that various equivalence change made for the present invention or amendment fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally.
Embodiments of the present invention relate to the proving installation of attaching property between a kind of two-dimension flexible material and liquid, as shown in Figure 1, comprise sample holder system 1, gimbal suspension 2, force cell 3, lifter 4, transparent liquid bath 6, test board 7 and control and disposal system 8.Described lifter 4, force cell 3, gimbal suspension 2, sample holder system 1 connect successively, and transparent liquid bath 6 is positioned at immediately below sample holder system 1; Sample holder system 1 is for carrying out circumference clamping to two-dimension flexible material sample 101; Sample holder system 1 connects gimbal suspension 2, make the level of sample 101 or degree of tilt adjustable; Force cell 3 is loaded on above gimbal suspension 2, and sample 101 pulling force suffered in measuring process can be surveyed in real time; Lifter 4 is connected to above force cell 3, and Control Assay 101 is done at the uniform velocity to rise or uniform descent motion with a certain speed, and sample 101 also can be made to stay in a certain height; Transparent liquid bath 6 is positioned at immediately below sample holder system 1, interior grand quantity of fluid 61; Test board 7, for placing described all parts, has the built-in space 72 placed and look up video camera 52 and heating arrangement 71; Control to be connected with force cell 3 with disposal system 8, and in test process, the force value data of force cell 3 feedback are obtained with fixed frequency λ (5 times/more than s), export and attach distance-attaching force curve, export maximum attaching power (F=Max (f)), maximum attaching distance S (attaching distance when sample 101 is separated completely with liquid bridge 62), attach merit
three characteristic indexs, wherein, f is attaching power, and v is ascending velocity, and i is force cell 3 to the sequence number controlling the force signal sent with disposal system 8, and i when liquid level has just been left in sample testing face 111 is designated as 1, can pass through during calculating
time | f
1-f
0|=min|f
i-f
0| to f
1differentiate, I is the sequence number of sample 101 i when being separated completely with liquid bridge 62.The result such as tables of data of characteristic curve, multiple important indicator, whole process can be obtained by single test, contain much information, evaluate comprehensively.
Described sample holder system 1 comprise be connected to described gimbal suspension 2 transparent cone cylinder part, transparent cylinder part 102, first flexible rubber ring 110a, the second flexible rubber ring 110b; As shown in Figure 2, described transparent cylinder part 102 both ends open, one end is connected with described transparent cone cylinder part, generally can be threaded connection between the two, described transparent cylinder part 102 can be loaded and unloaded flexibly, and the other end is provided with sample stiff end 103, and sample stiff end 103 cover has cushion rubber 104, the external diameter of cushion rubber 104 is not more than sample stiff end 103 (Φ=70mm, but be not limited thereto); Described transparent cylinder part 102 stage casing is provided with the interlayer 105 that is parallel to sample stiff end 103, and interlayer 105 center is fixed with spirit bubble 106; Sample hoop is tied in transparent cylinder part 102 by hoop device 112 by the first flexible rubber ring 110a, the second flexible rubber ring 110b, makes sample testing face 111 not slippage in smooth circle.Transparent cone cylinder part and transparent cylinder part 102 have pore, the both sides of sample can be made all to be connected with air, get rid of draught head to the impact of test result.Sample is sprawled and circumference clamping in the horizontal direction, and in test process, fluid loss is few, and test operation is easy, and can set up with corresponding theoretical model easily and contact, and is more conducive to furtheing investigate attaching property.In sample 101 uphill process, according to system minimization of free energy and interface minimization principle, sample-the liquid surface of different original shape generally automatic gathering be circle, along with the liquid bridge 62 be pulled up increases highly gradually, the diameter at interface reduces gradually, sample is circumferentially clamped with the analysis be beneficial to the stressed analysis of liquid bridge and interface and sample deformation, is better than rectangle or the clamping of other shapes, is also better than the local edge clampings such as two limit clampings.
Gimbal suspension 2 connects force cell 3, the lower transparent cone cylinder part upper end connecting sample holder system 1; Gimbal suspension 2 freely can rotate in each perpendicular, until the spirit bubble 106 at interlayer 105 center indicates sample 101 level or reached required angle of inclination; The rotary resistance of gimbal suspension 2 is greater than the attaching power in test process suffered by sample 101, can not because attaching power and rotational angle.
As common practise, lifter 4 can control its uniform motion by the various mode such as electronic, air pressure, hydraulic pressure; Be Electronic control in embodiment 1, comprise the limited block at motor, transmission gear, reducing gear wheel belt, screw rod, outer tube and two ends thereof; Described screw rod lower end connects force cell 3; The speed of lifter 4 can need according to test and regulate (generally between 1 ~ 500mm/min, but being not limited thereto).
As preferably, said apparatus can also comprise side-looking video camera 51 and look up video camera 52, and the resolution of above-mentioned two video cameras is not less than 1280ppi × 720ppi, and frame per second is not less than 24FPS; Side-looking video camera 51 is positioned at the side of sample holder system 1 and transparent liquid bath 6, during use, in order to ensure sharpness, side-looking video camera 51 is focused in sample holder system axis and liquid level intersection, can real-time monitored liquid bridge 62 (connect the fluid column of sample and liquid level, see Fig. 6) contact angle, the form size variation of liquid bridge 62 and the deformation of sample 101 on sample 101; Look up video camera 52 to be arranged in test board 7, and be positioned at immediately below transparent liquid bath 6, the interface of focusing in sample and liquid, can the form size of real-time monitored solid-liquid interface and position; Control to show with disposal system 8 and shoot with video-corder from two cameras observe to the real-time imaging of liquid bridge 62 and sample 101, be convenient to monitor test process, and by Video processing software and image processing software, the shape size of liquid bridge 62, sample 101 and solid-liquid average contact angle calculated.
As preferably, the sidewall of transparent liquid bath 6 has thermometer 63 and volume markings, altitude scale, and have a limbus in the middle part of bottom surface, its diameter equals the half of sample testing face 111 diameter; The cross-sectional area of transparent liquid bath 6 is enough large, can ignore the impact that liquid level causes to make the variable quantity that in test process, liquid pontic amasss; The testing and analyzing at varying environment temperature can be realized by thermometer 63 and heating arrangement 72; Described limbus combination in the middle part of transparent liquid bath 6 bottom surface is looked up video camera 52 and can be judged the whether accurate of each test result, is convenient to reject bad data in time.
As shown in Fig. 3 ~ Fig. 5, a kind of sample preparation device, comprises ferromagnetism hollow round table 107, first brace table 108a, the second brace table 108b, magnet ring 109, hoop device 112; Described magnet ring 109 is closely placed on outside ferromagnetism hollow round table 107, and described first brace table 108a, the second brace table 108b are placed in below ferromagnetism hollow round table 107; First brace table 108a, the second brace table 108b are the separate semi-rings of two of being made up of nonmagnetic substance, provide support for ferromagnetism hollow round table 107 and increase height, can withdraw after magnet ring 109 applies and make magnet ring 109 and ferromagnetism hollow round table 107 simultaneously unsettled, only be attached to magnetic force and friction force on the sample 101 be held between the two; The upper footpath of ferromagnetism hollow round table 107 is greater than transparent cylinder part 102, can be placed on outside transparent cylinder part 102, and frame is on brace table 108a and 108b, as shown in Figure 3; Magnet ring 109 internal diameter size occupy between the upper footpath of ferromagnetism hollow round table 107 and lower footpath, can with ferromagnetism hollow round table 107 adsorbed close, the sample of different-thickness is circumferentially held on outside ferromagnetism hollow round table 107, as shown in Figure 4; Magnet ring 109 equals with the weight sum of ferromagnetism hollow round table 107 pre-tension putting on sample; Described hoop device 112 comprises diameter and is greater than the center drum of sample stiff end 103 diameter, the activity ring be placed on outside described center drum, circumferentially evenly distributed thin elastic rod (or middle part hinged connecting rod), center drum lower end is fixed in described thin elastic rod one end, and the other end is connected to activity ring.During use, outside the thin elastic rod first flexible rubber ring being enclosed within hoop device 112, promote described ring, a series of thin elastic rod is more and more bending, the flexible rubber ring overlapped in advance thereon can be pushed out in transparent cylinder part 102 by its lower end tilted, by sample circumferentially even banding.
Liquid described in the present invention can be water, sweat, blood, surfactant, chemical solution etc. in actual use may with the liquid of two-dimension flexible materials come into contact.
In the present invention, between two-dimension flexible material and liquid, the method for testing of attaching property is implemented based on the proving installation of attaching property between two-dimension flexible material and liquid, and the method comprises following concrete steps (in each step, the relation of sample and liquid is as shown in Figure 6):
One: sample preparation
First brace table 108a and the second brace table 108b place ferromagnetism hollow round table 107, transparent cylinder part 102 are inserted hollow position, sample stiff end 103 upward, as shown in Figure 3; Clip circle (diameter of phi=120mm, but be not limited thereto) sample to be tested, again sample 101 is flat on sample stiff end 103 between two parties, magnet ring 109 is enclosed within from top to bottom on sample 101, make sample testing face 111 in smooth circle, and sample 101 diameter to be greater than the outer perimeter section of sample stiff end 103 sagging and be held between magnet ring 109 and ferromagnetism hollow round table 107, as shown in Figure 4; Removed gently respectively to both sides by first brace table 108a and the second brace table 108b, magnet ring 109 and ferromagnetism hollow round table 107 apply the tension force of corresponding size immediately to sample 101;
First flexible rubber ring 110a is evenly enclosed within hoop device 112 close to lower port place, mobile hoop device 112 makes its lower port be enclosed within outside sample stiff end 103, keep the center drum of hoop device 112 motionless and its ring is pushed away downwards, as shown in Figure 4, the thin elastic rod lower end of hoop device 112 tilts and is released by the first flexible rubber ring 110a, by sample equably banding in the position of cushion rubber 104; Magnet ring 109 is separated with both ferromagnetism hollow round tables 107 not affecting on sample testing face 111 and the basis of flexible rubber ring 110a; The second flexible rubber ring 110b is made to be waled the sample outer ring of pendency in the same way by hoop device 112, in order to avoid sample outer ring is sagging and touch liquid in test process, as shown in Figure 5;
The above-mentioned transparent cylinder part 102 being loaded with sample 101 rotated on and transparent cone cylinder part is carried out fastening, sample testing face 111 down;
Two: test
(1) under constant temperature and humidity atmospheric conditions (20 ± 2, RH65 ± 5%), the proving installation of attaching property between two-dimension flexible material and liquid is opened, preheating half an hour; Determine the duration of velocity of separation, pre-tension, sample contacts liquid, fluid temperature, these experiment conditions of class of liquids do relative set and preparation according to demand;
(2) gimbal suspension 2 is rotated, until spirit bubble 106 shows sample testing face 111 the becomes 3 ° angle of cut with liquid level, as shown in Figure 6 a, in order to avoid bubbles attached on sample testing face 111 when entering liquid;
(3) movement velocity of selected lifter 4 as required, drives sample 101 uniform descent, until sample testing face 111 is immersed in liquid 61 completely, stops declining, as shown in Figure 6 b after the highest point of sample stiff end 103 port is down to below liquid level 2mm; The time left standstill of Control Assay, making sample testing face 111 and total duration of liquid comes into contact unified is 2min or other durations of arranging, in order to avoid the comparability of difference to test result infiltrating duration between each fabric impacts;
(4) rotate gimbal suspension 2, make the bubble in spirit bubble 106 placed in the middle, sample testing face 111 is adjusted to level, as fig. 6 c;
(5) make sample 101 at the uniform velocity increase by lifter 4, after sample testing face 111 moves to ullage, liquid bridge 62 (connecting the fluid column of sample and liquid level) is formed, as shown in fig 6d; Sample 101 produces distortion under the effect of liquid bridge 62, along with sample 101 continues to rise, liquid bridge 62 form constantly changes (uprise, narrow), the clamping circumference place in sample testing face 111 is separated with liquid bridge 62 at first, (namely the height of sample testing face 111 and liquid bridge 62 solid-liquid interface is between the two lower than the clamping circumference place in sample testing face 111, as shown in fig 6d) lower than surrounding for height in the middle part of sample testing face 111; Force cell 3 records sample 101 and the power in liquid bridge 62 detachment process, and sends force signal f with fixed frequency λ to control and disposal system 8
i, wherein i is force cell 3 to the sequence number controlling the force signal sent with disposal system 8, and i when liquid level has just been left in sample testing face 111 is designated as 1, i.e. f
1for
the signal that moment sends, f
2for
the signal that moment sends, the rest may be inferred, until be finally separated with liquid bridge 62 in the middle part of sample testing face 111, liquid bridge 62 ruptures, and sample 101 is separated completely with liquid bridge 62, as shown in fig 6e; After liquid bridge 62 ruptures, lifter 4 stop motion, force cell 3 can record the gravity of sample own and the gravity sum f being absorbed in the liquid in sample
0; Control to calculate with disposal system 8 to attach distance in real time, i.e. the clamping circumference place in sample testing face 111 and the distance of liquid level
calculate real-time attaching power f=f
i-f
0, export and attach distance-attaching force curve;
(6) make lifter 4 continue to rise to stop motion after spacing height, take off the transparent cylinder part 102 that sample 62 is housed, this test terminates.
In sample 101 uphill process, the attaching distance of sample 101 and liquid bridge 62 detachment process-attaches power typical curve be peak shape, can obtain maximum attaching power, maximum attaching apart from, attaching merit three characteristic indexs, as shown in Figure 7; Wherein: attach the clamping circumference place in distance s-sample testing face 111 and the distance of liquid level, equal the product of ascending velocity and rise time,
unit mm; Attaching distance when maximum attaching distance S-sample 101 is separated completely with liquid bridge 62,
unit mm, I are the sequence number value of sample 101 i when being separated completely with liquid bridge 62; Attaching power f-liquid bridge 62 at the acting force of vertical direction to sample 101, f=f
i-f
0, unit mN; In maximum attaching power F-detachment process, liquid bridge 62 is in the maximal value of vertical direction to the acting force of sample 101, F=Max (f), unit mN; Attach merit W-attaching power institute's work in whole detachment process,
unit μ J; Attaching power is larger, shows to attach more firm between sample 101 and liquid 61, and the resistance be subject to when sample 101 is pulled away from liquid 61 is larger; Attach distance larger, show that sample 101 is difficult to leave liquid 61 completely, external force needs sample 101 to be pulled away from liquid 61 completely through larger distance; Attach merit larger, show that external force drives sample 101 to leave liquid level until disengaging liquid 61 whole process institute work is larger completely, the energy of consumption is also larger.
As required, test result also comprises the information such as solid-liquid contact angle, liquid bridge size for more deep theoretical analysis, then enable side-looking video camera 51, extracted each frame in video file by Video processing software; Frame needed for being analyzed by image processing software, measures left and right two the solid-liquid contact angle α in the middle of this frame
1, α
2, continue the contact angle α measuring other frames
k, calculate the mean value of solid-liquid contact angle
to measure in the image of required frame footpath D on liquid bridge
α, lower footpath D
b, the recess diameter D that the most carefully locates of high H, liquid bridge
nthe pixel value of equidimension, and in combining image, the engineer's scale of pixel and physical size calculates liquid bridge physical size.Look up video camera 52 and observe sample 101 and liquid surface, show in real time in control with disposal system 8, if the position that sample 101 is finally separated completely with liquid bridge 62 is not placed in the middle, but depart from the distance of the center of circle more than 1/2 radius in sample testing face 111, then should stop this test and reject acquired results, changing sample and retest; If this test within 1/2 radius in sample testing face 111, is then continued in the position that sample 101 and liquid bridge 62 are finally separated completely.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1:
Choose representative woven fabric A, knitted fabric B, non-weaving cloth C, each one of film D, specification is as shown in table 1, and often kind of clip diameter is each 5 pieces of the circle of 120mm.
The basic parameter of table 1. experiment material
Test by described " one: sample preparation " and the step of " two: test " each piece of sample, control and disposal system 8 are with the force value data that the frequency acquisition force cell 3 of 8.3 times/s feeds back in test process, and test condition is as shown in table 2.
Table 2.
Treat that 20 parts of sample testings are complete, control with the test curve that shows on disposal system 8 interface as shown in Figure 8.To the dissimilar two-dimension flexible material of described A, B, C, D tetra-kinds carry out test gained four suite lines between there is notable difference, then difference is less to carry out testing 5 curves of gained to 5 samples of same material, the standard deviation of maximum attaching power or maximum attaching distance accounts for the number percent of its mean value all within 3.5%, which includes issuable difference between the different sample of same material.This method of testing acquired results has good discrimination and reproducibility, can be used for more different two-dimension flexible material to the attaching of liquid, evaluates this performance.
Claims (7)
1. the proving installation of attaching property between a two-dimension flexible material and liquid, it is characterized in that, comprise sample holder system (1), gimbal suspension (2), force cell (3), lifter (4), transparent liquid bath (6), test board (7) and control and disposal system (8); Described lifter (4), force cell (3), gimbal suspension (2), sample holder system (1) connect successively, and transparent liquid bath (6) is positioned at immediately below sample holder system (1); Described control is connected with force cell (3) with disposal system (8).
2. proving installation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described device also comprises side-looking video camera (51) and looks up video camera (52); Side-looking video camera (51) is positioned at the side of sample holder system (1) and transparent liquid bath (6); Looking up video camera (52) is arranged in test board (7), and be positioned at immediately below transparent liquid bath (6), side-looking video camera (51) with look up video camera (52) respectively with control be connected with disposal system (8).
3. proving installation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described sample holder system (1) comprises the transparent cone cylinder part, transparent cylinder part (102), the first flexible rubber ring (110a), the second flexible rubber ring (110b) that are connected to described gimbal suspension (2); Described transparent cylinder part (102) one end is connected with described transparent cone cylinder part, and the other end is provided with sample stiff end (103), and sample stiff end (103) cover has cushion rubber (104); Described transparent cylinder part (102) stage casing is provided with the interlayer (105) that is parallel to sample stiff end (103), and interlayer (105) center is fixed with spirit bubble (106); First flexible rubber ring (110a), the second flexible rubber ring (110b) are all placed in transparent cylinder part (102); Transparent cone cylinder part and transparent cylinder part (102) has pore.
4. proving installation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described device also comprises thermometer (63), and described thermometer (63) is inserted in transparent liquid bath (6); Transparent liquid bath (6) sidewall has volume markings, altitude scale, has a limbus in the middle part of bottom surface; Transparent liquid bath (6) is arranged on test board (7).
5. proving installation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is provided with heating arrangement (71) in described test board (7), and heating arrangement (71) is positioned at transparent liquid bath (6) below.
6. the sample preparation device for proving installation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described sample preparation device comprises ferromagnetism hollow round table (107), the first brace table (108a), the second brace table (108b), magnet ring (109), hoop device (112); Described magnet ring (109) is closely placed on ferromagnetism hollow round table (107) outside, and described first brace table (108a), the second brace table (108b) are placed in ferromagnetism hollow round table (107) below; Described hoop device (112) comprises diameter and is greater than the center drum of sample stiff end (103) diameter, the activity ring be placed on outside described center drum, circumferentially evenly distributed thin elastic rod, center drum lower end is fixed in described thin elastic rod one end, and the other end is connected to activity ring.
7. the method for testing of attaching property between two-dimension flexible material and liquid, it is characterized in that, the proving installation of described method attaching property between two-dimension flexible material according to claim 1 and liquid realizes, and the method comprises the following steps:
The first step: sample (101) is fixed by sample holder system (1), and by gimbal suspension (2), sample (101) is tilted;
Second step: drive sample (101) uniform descent, until sample (101) is immersed in liquid (61) completely by lifter (4);
3rd step: sample (101) is adjusted to level by gimbal suspension (2);
4th step: drive sample (101) at the uniform velocity to rise with speed v by lifter (4), after sample (101) moves to ullage, liquid bridge (62) is formed, force cell (3) records sample (101) and the power in liquid bridge (62) detachment process, and sends force signal f with fixed frequency λ to control and disposal system (8)
i, wherein i is force cell (3) to the sequence number controlling the force signal sent with disposal system (8), and i when sample testing face (111) have just left liquid level is designated as 1; After liquid bridge (62) disconnects, lifter (4) stop motion, force cell (3) records the gravity of sample own and the gravity sum f being absorbed in the liquid in sample
0;
5th step: control to calculate with disposal system (8) to attach distance in real time, i.e. the clamping circumference place of sample testing face (111) and the distance of liquid level
export and attach distance (s)-attaching power (f=f
i-f
0) curve;
6th step: drive sample (101) to continue to rise with lifter (4), take off the transparent cylinder part (102) that sample (101) is housed, complete test.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510141332.6A CN104749100A (en) | 2015-03-30 | 2015-03-30 | Device and method for testing attachment property between two-dimensional flexible material and liquid |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510141332.6A CN104749100A (en) | 2015-03-30 | 2015-03-30 | Device and method for testing attachment property between two-dimensional flexible material and liquid |
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| CN104749100A true CN104749100A (en) | 2015-07-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510141332.6A Withdrawn CN104749100A (en) | 2015-03-30 | 2015-03-30 | Device and method for testing attachment property between two-dimensional flexible material and liquid |
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| CN (1) | CN104749100A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107966403A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-04-27 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | A kind of apparatus and method for testing the micro- adhesion of non-infiltration solid-liquid interface |
| CN109085095A (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2018-12-25 | 长安大学 | A kind of soil contact angle test device and method |
| CN114354859A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-04-15 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Device and method for testing anti-waxing performance of material |
-
2015
- 2015-03-30 CN CN201510141332.6A patent/CN104749100A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107966403A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-04-27 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | A kind of apparatus and method for testing the micro- adhesion of non-infiltration solid-liquid interface |
| CN109085095A (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2018-12-25 | 长安大学 | A kind of soil contact angle test device and method |
| CN109085095B (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2021-07-23 | 长安大学 | Soil contact angle testing device and method |
| CN114354859A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-04-15 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Device and method for testing anti-waxing performance of material |
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Application publication date: 20150701 |