CN109082502A - A kind of laser-quenching apparatus and its technique - Google Patents
A kind of laser-quenching apparatus and its technique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109082502A CN109082502A CN201811118946.2A CN201811118946A CN109082502A CN 109082502 A CN109082502 A CN 109082502A CN 201811118946 A CN201811118946 A CN 201811118946A CN 109082502 A CN109082502 A CN 109082502A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- laser
- quenching
- workpiece
- workbench
- setting
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
- C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/26—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for needles; for teeth for card-clothing
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of laser-quenching apparatus, include workbench and laser module set above the workbench, and laser module includes laser, beam expanding lens, galvanometer and the F-Theta lens set gradually along beam Propagation direction.Dynamic and Multi dimensional galvanometer guarantee hot spot in effective range is not distorted；Accurately software control, the depth of quenching accurately controls, the output energy of laser, scan path etc. can be all precisely controlled, crystal inside tissue more refines, the thermal deformation area of probe and whole variation are small, homogeneity of product and yields greatly improve, and hardness improves 15%~20% than conventional quenching, and wearability can be improved 3~4 times；Without spending the pretreatment and heating of the long period of traditional approach；Reduce energy consumption；The probe of laser scanning no longer needs to immerse antirust oil, reduces secondary pollution；Process cycle is short, high production efficiency, at low cost, can be included in production line, is easy to produce in batches.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal heat treatmet fields, quench more particularly, to a kind of laser-quenching apparatus, for the laser of probe
Fire process.
Background technique
Probe is in heat treatment, in order to increase product hardness, needs to carry out quenching technical processing.In current probe production
Link is quenched, uses conventional methods and is handled: masking foil being encased into product (purpose encased is to prevent product from aoxidizing), so
After be put into glowing furnace be heated to 1000 more spend (heating needs certain time), then keep a few minutes high temperature, remove later
Product is poured into antirust oil and carries out cooling (cooling procedure needs certain time), after product is cooled to room temperature by masking foil
It further takes out, places into vacuum tempering furnace and put several hours (temperature of tempering furnace is at 300 degree or so), then further take out.It is this
Traditional quenching mode has following a variety of disadvantages to need to improve:
1, low efficiency, heating and cooling require the long period；
2, not energy-efficient, it is huge to the consumption of electric energy due to needing glowing furnace to be raised to higher temperature, when the process for the cooling that heats up
Between it is long, energy loss is larger；
3, dangerous, since quenching furnace temperature is higher, operate significant care；
4, not environmentally, probe needs to enter in antirust oil after the completion of heating, is easy to cause secondary pollution to environment；
5, heat input is uncontrollable, and product can generate larger deformation, influences yields；
6, production operation needs more artificial, and the degree of automation is not high.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
A kind of laser-quenching apparatus includes workbench and laser module set above the workbench, the laser
Component includes laser, beam expanding lens, galvanometer and the F-Theta lens set gradually along beam Propagation direction.
Another specific embodiment according to the present invention, further has, and the laser is CO2 laser, semiconductor
One of laser.
Another specific embodiment according to the present invention, further has, and the beam expanding lens is to expand 1~6 times of multiplying power to connect
Continue adjustable beam expanding lens.
A kind of laser-quenching technique includes workbench and laser module set above the workbench, the laser
Component includes laser, beam expanding lens, galvanometer and the F-Theta lens set gradually along beam Propagation direction；It is quenched on workpiece
0.35~0.8mm of spot diameter, 85~120mm/s of scanning speed, window center 10300~10900nm of wavelength, laser beam power
0.8~1.5kw.
Another specific embodiment according to the present invention, further has, the 0.35~0.5mm of spot diameter, scanning
90~105mm/s of speed, 10550~10750nm of window center wavelength.
Another specific embodiment according to the present invention, further has, includes following steps: step a, on workbench
Place workpiece；
Step b, parameter setting include in setting power, adjustment defocusing amount, setting amount of lap and setting scanning speed
It is one or more；
Step c, workpiece quenching processing.
Another specific embodiment according to the present invention, further has, and before the step a, carries out oil removing to workpiece
And/or except embroidery.
Another specific embodiment according to the present invention, further has, and further includes having step d, after workpiece quenching processing,
Detect the quenching effect of workpiece.
A kind of laser-quenching apparatus and its technique that the present invention uses, have the advantages that Dynamic and Multi dimensional galvanometer can
To ensure, hot spot is not distorted in effective range；By accurately software control, the depth of quenching can be controlled accurately, to sharp
The output energy of light, scan path etc. can be carried out being precisely controlled, since heat input is controllable, crystal inside tissue more refinement
To change, laser power density is high, the quenching effect time is short, thus keep the thermal deformation area of probe and whole variation small, the one of product
Cause property and yields width improve, and for elongated workpiece, thin-wall workpiece, probe mass is especially prominent；Quench-hardened case 0.3~
0.5mm, distorsion during quenching is small, is suitable for high-precision part processing；Hardness improves 15%~20% than conventional quenching, is quenched rear resistance to
Mill property can be improved 1~10 times；Since the time that probe is crossed in laser scanning is very short, probe heating and cooling are all very of short duration
It is completed in time, the hardness of entire product is substantially better than traditional quenching mode；Probe is completed to quench within a very short time, does not need
The traditional approach long period is spent to be pre-processed and heated up；Maximum laser output energy does not exceed 5kW, reduces energy consumption；Swash
The probe of optical scanning does not need to immerse in antirust oil again, reduces secondary pollution；Belong to contactless heating, self-quench hardening, it is clean
Net heat treatment；There is no apparent mechanicals efforts and tool loss, noise is small；Process cycle is short, high production efficiency, cost
Low, entire technical process can be precisely controlled using computer, and high degree of automation can be included in production line, be easy to
Batch production.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is process flow chart of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail, and probe is as workpiece.
As shown in Figure 1, laser-quenching apparatus, including organic frame 3, the workbench being arranged in rack 31 and laser group
Part, laser module are arranged above workbench 1.Rack 3 includes skeleton, shell, and workbench 1 and laser module are arranged in shell
Cavity in；Rack 3 is provided at least two interlayers being vertically distributed, laser module and workbench 1 be arranged in it is different every
Layer, the setting of workbench 1 are arranged in lower layer, laser module on upper layer.Further include having controller, laser 21 and galvanometer 23 with control
Device processed is electrically connected, and controller controls the on-off of laser 21, controls the movement of galvanometer 23.By galvanometer control make laser according to
It sets path and completes scanning, probe is allowed to complete to quench within a very short time.The heating of probe and cooling are all when very of short duration
Interior completion, the hardness of entire product are substantially better than traditional quenching mode.Six shaft mechanical arms are replaced using galvanometer, make to control precision
It is higher.
Laser module includes laser 21, beam expanding lens 22 and the galvanometer 23 set gradually along beam Propagation direction.In order to
The quenching technical effect of probe is further increased, laser-quenching apparatus further includes there are F-Theta lens 24；Laser 21 expands
Mirror 22, galvanometer 23 and F-Theta lens 24 are set gradually along beam Propagation direction.The multiplying power that expands of beam expanding lens 22 connects for 1~6 times
Continue it is adjustable, beam expanding lens 22 expand multiplying power smooth change, its is adjustable multiplying power scope is 1~6 times, beam expander enters for expansion of laser light
Surface spot diameter when being mapped to F-Theta lens 24；Quenching light in the consecutive variations for expanding multiplying power of beam expanding lens 22, on workpiece
Spot diameter consecutive variations.
It include workbench 1 and the laser module that 1 top of workbench is set for the laser-quenching technique of probe,
Laser module includes laser 21, beam expanding lens 22, galvanometer 23 and the F-Theta lens set gradually along beam Propagation direction
24；Workpiece up-quenching flame 0.35~0.8mm of spot diameter, 85~120mm/s of scanning speed, window center wavelength 10300~
10900nm, 0.8~1.5kw of laser beam power.The laser beam of laser transmitting is uniform parallel by obtaining after beam expanding lens
Light beam；Beam expanding lens 22 expand multiplying power can consecutive variations, in quenching according to actual needs, adjust beam expanding lens, to workpiece quenching light
Spot size is adjusted, and realizes the hot spot adjustment of low cost, high flexibility.Approximately parallel incoming laser beam passes through vibration mirror scanning
Afterwards again by F-Theta lens focus on working face；F-Theta lens focus is flat focus, laser beam focus spot size
It is in the same size in entire working face.
Preferably, workpiece up-quenching flame 0.35~0.5mm of spot diameter, 90~105mm/s of scanning speed, window center wavelength
10550~10750nm.0.5~3mm of amount of lap, 10~25mm of defocusing amount.
Include following steps as shown in Fig. 2, being used for the laser-quenching technique of probe: step a places work on workbench 1
Part, several workpiece are laid on workbench 1, and clamping workpiece is fixed；Step b, parameter setting, include setting power, adjust from
One or more of Jiao Liang, setting amount of lap and setting scanning speed；Step c, workpiece quenching processing.In order to further increase
The quenching technical effect of probe, laser 21 are one of CO2 laser, semiconductor laser.In step a or b, according to work
Make the location of workpiece on table top, the laser beam scan path planned in advance.Approximately parallel incoming laser beam is swept by galvanometer 23
It is focused on working face by F-Theta lens 24 again after retouching.F-Theta lens 24 are focused to flat focus, laser beam focus light
Spot size is in the same size in entire working face.Galvanometer 23 adjusts laser beam, change on F-Theta lens 24 incoming laser beam with
Angle between axis, and then change the position of focus on working face.
Laser quenching, also known as laser transformation hardening, it is to irradiate pretreated work with the laser beam of certain power density
Part, to make workpiece surface rise very rapidly up to transformation temperature or more with 105~106 DEG C/s heating temperature, in tissue austenitizing, Austria
Family name's body crystal grain has not enough time in the case where growing up, once laser stops irradiation, and it is cold rapidly by itself conduction of heat of matrix
But cooling velocity realizes self-excitation quenching, forms surface Hardened Case up to 104~106 DEG C/s.
Workpiece up-quenching flame spot diameter, principle: d are reduced by beam expanding lens 220=2 λ f/D.When laser beam is incident on F-
When Theta lens 24, λ is laser wavelength of incidence, and f is 24 focal length of F-Theta lens, and D is laser light incident to F-Theta lens 24
Surface spot diameter；Beam expanding lens 22 can effectively expand the diameter of D, and then reduce the diameter of workpiece up-quenching flame spot.Beam expanding lens
In 22 consecutive variations for expanding multiplying power, the diameter of the quenching hot spot on workpiece being capable of consecutive variations.Beam expanding lens 22 expands again
Rate can consecutive variations, workpiece quenching spot size is adjusted according to actual needs in quenching, realizes low cost, high flexibility
Hot spot adjustment.
Before step a, oil removing is carried out to workpiece and/or except embroidery.Laser-quenching technique for probe further includes having step
D detects the quenching effect of workpiece after workpiece quenching processing.
Galvanometer 23 includes shell, is respectively provided with X-axis component and Y-axis component in the housing；X-axis component and Y-axis component are equal
It include eyeglass and the motor for driving eyeglass to swing, the swing of two eyeglasses is for modifying laser beam path, workpiece
It is paved with according to the table position set, is laid in workpiece on workbench 1 and is able to carry out laser quenching.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention and is not intended to limit it, all without departing from the present invention
Any modification of spirit and scope or equivalent replacement, shall fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of laser-quenching apparatus, which is characterized in that include workbench (1) and setting swashing above workbench (1)
Optical assembly, the laser module include laser (21), the beam expanding lens (22), galvanometer set gradually along beam Propagation direction
(23) and F-Theta lens (24).
2. a kind of laser-quenching apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the laser (21) is CO2 laser
One of device, semiconductor laser.
3. a kind of laser-quenching apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the beam expanding lens (22) is to expand
1~6 times of continuously adjustable beam expanding lens of multiplying power.
4. a kind of laser-quenching technique, which is characterized in that include workbench (1) and setting swashing above workbench (1)
Optical assembly, the laser module include laser (21), the beam expanding lens (22), galvanometer set gradually along beam Propagation direction
(23) and F-Theta lens (24)；Workpiece up-quenching flame 0.35~0.8mm of spot diameter, 85~120mm/s of scanning speed, window
10300~10900nm of central wavelength, 0.8~1.5kw of laser beam power.
5. a kind of laser-quenching technique according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the 0.35~0.5mm of spot diameter,
90~105mm/s of scanning speed, 10550~10750nm of window center wavelength.
6. a kind of laser-quenching technique according to claim 4, which is characterized in that include following steps:
Step a, workbench place workpiece on (1)；
Step b, parameter setting include one set in power, adjustment defocusing amount, setting amount of lap and setting scanning speed
Or it is multiple；
Step c, workpiece quenching processing.
7. a kind of laser-quenching technique according to claim 6, which is characterized in that before the step a, carried out to workpiece
Oil removing and/or except embroider.
8. a kind of laser-quenching technique according to claim 6, which is characterized in that further include having step d, at workpiece quenching
After reason, the quenching effect of workpiece is detected.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811118946.2A CN109082502A (en) | 2018-09-25 | 2018-09-25 | A kind of laser-quenching apparatus and its technique |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811118946.2A CN109082502A (en) | 2018-09-25 | 2018-09-25 | A kind of laser-quenching apparatus and its technique |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109082502A true CN109082502A (en) | 2018-12-25 |
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ID=64842387
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110205448A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-09-06 | 杭州御兴科技有限公司 | A kind of laser strengthening method of electric armour clamp |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1594606A (en) * | 2003-09-12 | 2005-03-16 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | System and method for metal card clothing quenching treatment adopting YAG laser |
| US20060032842A1 (en) * | 2003-02-04 | 2006-02-16 | Kuniaki Hiromatsu | Method for removing foreign matter on glass substrate surface |
| CN104190928A (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2014-12-10 | 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 | Multi-wavelength laser area selection quick forming system and method |
| CN106755756A (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2017-05-31 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Laser-quenching apparatus and method of a kind of bearing surface without tempering soft ribbons |
-
2018
- 2018-09-25 CN CN201811118946.2A patent/CN109082502A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060032842A1 (en) * | 2003-02-04 | 2006-02-16 | Kuniaki Hiromatsu | Method for removing foreign matter on glass substrate surface |
| CN1594606A (en) * | 2003-09-12 | 2005-03-16 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | System and method for metal card clothing quenching treatment adopting YAG laser |
| CN104190928A (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2014-12-10 | 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 | Multi-wavelength laser area selection quick forming system and method |
| CN106755756A (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2017-05-31 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Laser-quenching apparatus and method of a kind of bearing surface without tempering soft ribbons |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110205448A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-09-06 | 杭州御兴科技有限公司 | A kind of laser strengthening method of electric armour clamp |
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