CN109079312B

CN109079312B - Automatic clamping and taking device and method for warm-heat-assisted laser shock welding

Info

Publication number: CN109079312B
Application number: CN201810987820.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王霄; 唐恒; 马友娟; 沈宗宝; 刘会霞
Original assignee: Jiangsu University
Current assignee: Jiangsu University
Priority date: 2018-08-28
Filing date: 2018-08-28
Publication date: 2021-06-22
Anticipated expiration: 2038-08-28
Also published as: CN109079312A

Abstract

The invention discloses a warm-heat-assisted laser shock welding automatic part placing and taking clamping device and a method thereof, which relate to the field of high-speed shock welding and comprise a laser generating device, a welding device, a warm-heat device, a three-coordinate moving platform device and a control device; the laser emitting device comprises a pulse laser, a reflector, a focusing lens support and a focusing lens support position adjusting device; the control system comprises a laser controller, a computer, a three-dimensional mobile platform controller, a warming controller and a position sensor; the welding part taking and clamping device comprises a restraint layer, an absorption layer, an impact plate assembly, a restraint layer bracket position adjusting device, a base plate and a pressing block, and is a part taking and clamping device of a spring sliding column, a sleeve, a wedge, a piston rod and a push rod; the invention adopts the resistance wire and the halogen lamp to respectively heat the base plate and the impact plate, and then adopts the pulse laser as an energy source to realize the solid welding of the metal plate and the impact plate at various temperatures and improve the welding quality.

Description

Automatic clamping and taking device and method for warm-heat-assisted laser shock welding

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of laser shock pressure welding in machine manufacturing, and particularly relates to a warm-heat-assisted laser shock welding automatic clamping and taking device and a method thereof.

Background

With the development of science, devices made of a combination of dissimilar materials are becoming more and more popular. The connection of dissimilar foil plates has been in wide demand in the microelectronics and medical device industries. Therefore, the joining of dissimilar foils will be an important direction for laser high-speed impact welding research. As is known, some rare metals have characteristics which are not possessed by many common metal materials, and have properties which are not possessed by some common metals, such as high melting point, high temperature, light degree, high elastic modulus and the like, so that the rare metals show greater and greater application prospects in high technology, and are materials with important use values in many fields. The composite material formed by the composite material and common metal has the properties of both sides, the application range is wider and more, the design requirement can be met, and the cost of the material can be obviously reduced. High speed impact welding is an ideal process and technique for making such composites. However, these materials also have some drawbacks, being brittle at normal temperatures, so impact welding of these materials has encountered a problem in overcoming their brittleness under impact load. Therefore, some researchers turn their attention to the warm welding technique, and seek to increase the plasticity of the material by increasing the welding temperature, thereby improving the micro-welding ability of the workpiece. Therefore, the research of laser impact on the warm welding of the dissimilar foil plates is provided.

The chinese patent application No. 201710623105.6 proposes a laser shock welding apparatus and method thereof in a warm state, in which preheating of a workpiece before welding is achieved by a workpiece warming apparatus, plasticity of the workpiece to be welded is improved to improve welding performance of the workpiece, and accurate clamping of the workpiece in the warm state is achieved by a backing plate pressing apparatus and a workpiece pressing apparatus. However, the warm unloading is inconvenient, and the device is not designed with a direct unloading device after welding, so that the warm unloading step is complicated, and the production efficiency is reduced.

The Chinese patent with application number 201710699748.9 provides a warm-heat-assisted laser shock welding automatic clamping device and a method thereof, the invention adopts resistance wires and halogen lamps to respectively heat a base plate and a shock plate, so that the welding quality is improved, the problems of metal plates which are difficult to weld at normal temperature are solved, and the mechanical property of a welding joint is improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a clamping device and a method for automatically placing and taking a workpiece in warm-heat-assisted laser shock welding, aiming at the defects of laser shock welding in the prior art. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical means:

a warm auxiliary laser shock welding automatic clamping device comprises a laser emitting system, a control system, a clamping system, a welding system and a warm system; the laser emission system comprises a pulse laser, a laser beam, a reflector, a focusing lens bracket and a focusing lens position adjusting device; the laser controller is respectively connected with the computer and the pulse laser through electric signals, the focusing lens is connected with the focusing lens position adjusting device through a focusing lens bracket, and the focusing lens position adjusting device is arranged on a side plate of the L-shaped base; the reflecting mirror is positioned above the focusing lens, and laser beams emitted by the pulse laser are focused on the absorption layer through the reflecting mirror and the focusing lens; the welding system comprises a restraint layer, an absorption layer, an impact plate, a restraint layer bracket position adjusting device, a pressing block, a base plate, a workbench, a three-coordinate mobile platform, an L-shaped base and a heating resistor; the restraint layer absorption layer impact plate is connected with a restraint layer support position adjusting device through a restraint layer support, and the restraint layer support position adjusting device is installed on a side plate of the three-coordinate mobile platform; the three-coordinate mobile platform is arranged on the L-shaped base; the substrate is tightly pressed on the workbench through a pressing block; the workbench is connected with the heating resistor; the clamping system comprises a pressing block, a supporting block, a pin, a connecting bolt, a nut, a spring, a large sliding column, a connecting rod, a large wedge, a large sleeve, a limiting block, a limiting nut, an air cylinder, a push rod, a rubber cushion, a small wedge, a small sleeve and a small sliding column; the middle of the pressing block is fixed on the supporting block through a pin, one end of the pressing block is connected with the large sliding column rod through a connecting bolt, and the other end of the pressing block tightly presses the substrate; one end of the large sliding column is connected with the pressing block through a connecting bolt, and the other end of the large sliding column is in close contact with the large wedge through an inclined plane; the large sliding column and the small sliding column are respectively made into a stepped shaft; one end of the small sliding column is in contact with the substrate, and the other end of the small sliding column is in close contact with the small inclined wedge through the inclined plane; the large sliding column and the small sliding column are connected with the small sleeve through a spring and a large sleeve respectively; the cylinder is connected with the push rod; the push rod is connected with one end of the connecting rod; the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the large wedge through a T-shaped clamping sleeve; the small inclined wedge is connected with the large inclined wedge through a second spring; the lower part of the large wedge is provided with a lower cavity; the limiting block is arranged in the lower cavity and provided with a rubber cushion to prevent violent impact with the large wedge; the warming system comprises a heating resistor, a halogen lamp, a support rod, a telescopic hose and a halogen lamp; the halogen lamp is fixed on a support rod through a telescopic hose, and the support rod is fixed on a three-coordinate moving platform; the control system comprises a computer, a laser controller, a three-coordinate moving cylinder controller, a warming controller, a displacement controller and a position sensor; the laser controller, the three-coordinate moving cylinder controller and the displacement controller are respectively connected with a computer; the displacement controller is connected with a position sensor and a position adjusting device of the restraint layer bracket, and the position sensor is arranged on the restraint layer bracket; the computer adjusts the distance between the impact plate and the base plate through the position adjusting device of the restraint layer bracket, controls the pulse laser to emit laser beams through the laser controller, adjusts the position of the three-coordinate platform through the controller of the three-coordinate moving air cylinder, controls the air cylinder, and controls the temperature of the heating resistor through the warm-heat controller; the halogen lamp is provided with a temperature control system.

Further, the air cylinder is connected with a push rod, the push rod is connected with a connecting rod, and the diameter of the connecting rod is 154 mm; the connecting rod is connected with the large wedge through a T-shaped clamping sleeve, the width of the large end of the T-shaped clamping sleeve is 145mm, and the width of the small end of the T-shaped clamping sleeve is 127 mm; the small inclined wedge is connected with the large inclined wedge through a second spring; the small inclined wedge is sleeved on the piston rod, and the diameter of the piston rod is 100 mm.

Furthermore, the inclined plane angle of the large inclined wedge is 30 degrees, the length of the upper plane of the large inclined wedge is 331mm, the length of the lower plane of the large inclined wedge is 130mm, the inclined plane angle of the small inclined wedge is 10 degrees, and the length of the plane of the small inclined wedge is 34 mm.

Furthermore, the inside hollow structure that is of big slide wedge forms cavity down, diameter 282mm, and height 35mm, the stopper is arranged in cavity down, and diameter 45mm, height 24 mm.

Furthermore, the large sliding column is a stepped shaft and comprises a large sliding column large shaft and a large sliding column small shaft; the diameter of the large sliding column large shaft is 121mm, the diameter of the large sliding column small shaft is 55mm, and the small sliding column is a stepped shaft and comprises a small sliding column large shaft and a small sliding column small shaft; the big shaft of the small sliding column is 60mm, and the diameter of the small shaft of the small sliding column is 40 mm.

The automatic placing and taking clamping method for laser shock welding in a warm state comprises the following steps: s1: pretreating the impact plate and the substrate; s2: plating an absorption layer below the restraint layer, and attaching the impact plate pretreated in the step S1 to the lower surface of the absorption layer; the air cylinder is adjusted through the three-coordinate air cylinder movement controller, so that the air cylinder pushes the large wedge to move outwards, meanwhile, the spring releases pressure and expands outwards, the large sliding column is pushed to move downwards, and the pressing block is pulled to loosen; the small wedge is connected with the large wedge through a spring and moves outwards to push the small sliding column to move upwards and compress the spring to eject the workbench groove; s3: placing the base plate at the center of the workbench groove or taking out the welding part; adjusting the distance between the impact plate and the base plate; s4, adjusting the air cylinder through a three-coordinate air cylinder movement controller to push the large wedge to move inwards, wherein the small wedge moves inwards due to the connection of the small wedge and the large wedge through a second spring, and the small sliding column moves downwards due to the characteristics of the wedge mechanism, the spring releases pressure and expands downwards to push the workbench groove to move downwards to reset; the large wedge moves inwards, and due to the characteristics of the wedge mechanism, the large sliding column moves upwards to push the pressing block to be pressed tightly; s5: adjusting the thermal controller to make the temperature of the worktable reach 100-; adjusting the telescopic hose to enable the halogen lamp to be in a proper position, setting the temperature of the halogen lamp to be 50-350 ℃, heating the impact plate, and keeping the temperature for 2-3 min; s6: controlling a position adjusting device of the constraint layer by a computer to adjust the distance between the impact plate and the substrate; the position of the three-coordinate moving platform is adjusted through the three-coordinate cylinder moving controller, so that laser beams output by the pulse laser are focused on the absorption layer through the reflecting mirror and the focusing lens; adjusting the distance between the focusing lens and the absorption layer through a focusing lens position adjusting device to adjust the light spots; s7: the laser beam accurately controlled by the computer acts on the absorption layer to generate explosion plasma, the plasma drives the impact plate to run at high speed to impact the substrate, and welding is realized; s8: and the batch welding of the impact plate and the base plate can be realized by repeating the steps of S2, S3, S4, S5, S6 and S7. Further, the impact plate and the base plate are made of the same or different metal materials. Furthermore, the pulse laser is a short pulse laser, and the pulse width is 8 ns-10; the laser energy is 5J-20J, and the laser spot diameter is 3mm-6 mm.

Further, the thickness of the impact plate is 20-40 μm, and the thickness of the substrate is 50-100 μm; the restraint layer is a transparent acrylic plate with the thickness of 2mm-4mm, and the absorption layer is black paint with the thickness of 0.05mm-0.2 mm.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the laser shock welding in the prior art, the invention provides the automatic workpiece placing and taking clamping device and the method for the warm-heat-assisted laser shock welding.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a warm assisted laser welding automatic clamping device according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the automatic clamping apparatus of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the automatic clamping device of FIG. 2 according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the wedge structure of the automatic clamping device of FIG. 3 according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the constraining layer, absorbing layer, and impact plate of the present invention;

1-a computer; 2-a laser controller; 3-a pulsed laser; 4-a laser beam; 5-a reflector; 6-a focusing lens; 7-a focusing lens holder; 8-a focus lens position adjustment device; 9-constrained layer scaffolds; 10-a constrained layer position adjustment device; 11 a displacement sensor; 12-a constraining layer; 13-an impingement plate; 14-connecting bolts; 15-a nut; 16-briquetting; 17 a spring; 18-large spool; 19-a connecting rod; 20-large wedge; 21-large sleeve; 22-a limiting block; 23-a table slot; 24-a piston rod; 25-a limit nut; 26-a three-coordinate moving platform; a 27-L shaped base; 28-a substrate; 29-a table; 30-a support block; 31 pins; a 32 halogen lamp; 33 a hose; 34 a push rod; 35-a cylinder; 36-a strut; 37-a displacement controller; 38-three coordinate moving cylinder controller; 39-a warming controller; 41-small wedge; 42-a small sleeve; 43-small sliding column; 44-heating resistance; 45-an absorbent layer; 46-a rubber cushion; a 47-T type ferrule; 48-upper plane of large wedge; 49-lower plane of large wedge; 50-small wedge plane; 51-large wedge large shaft; 52-big sliding column small shaft; 53-small sliding column large shaft; 54-small spool small shaft.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.

Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a warm-assisted laser shock welding automatic clamping device and a method thereof, wherein the device comprises a laser emitting system, a warming system, an automatic clamping system, a welding system and a control system. As shown in fig. 1, the laser emission system includes a pulse laser 3, a laser beam 4, a reflecting mirror 5, a focusing lens 6, a focusing lens holder 7, a focusing lens position adjusting device 8; the laser controller 2 is respectively connected with the computer 1 and the pulse laser 3 through electric signals, the focusing lens 6 is connected with a focusing lens position adjusting device through a focusing lens bracket 7, and the focusing lens position adjusting device 8 is arranged on a side plate of the L-shaped base 27; the reflecting mirror 5 is located above the focusing lens 6, and the laser beam 4 emitted by the pulse laser 3 is focused on the absorption layer 45 through the reflecting mirror 5 and the focusing lens 6.

As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the welding system comprises a restraint layer 12, an absorption layer 45, an impact plate 13, a restraint layer bracket 9, a restraint layer bracket position adjusting device 10, a pressing block 16, a base plate 28, a workbench 29, a three-coordinate moving platform 26, an L-shaped base 27 and a heating resistor 44; the restraint layer 12, the absorption layer 45 and the impact plate 13 are connected with a restraint layer bracket position adjusting device 10 through a restraint layer bracket 9, and the restraint layer bracket position adjusting device 10 is arranged on a side plate of the three-coordinate moving platform 26; the three-coordinate moving platform 26 is arranged on an L-shaped base 27; the substrate 28 is pressed on the workbench 29 through the pressing block 16; the table 29 is connected to a heating resistor 44.

As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the automatic part taking and clamping system comprises a pressing block 16, a supporting block 30, a pin 31, a connecting bolt 14, a nut 15, a spring 17, a large sliding column 18, a connecting rod 19, a large wedge 20, a large sleeve 21, a limiting block 22, a limiting nut 25, an air cylinder 35, a push rod 34, a rubber cushion 46, a small wedge 41, a small sleeve 42 and a small sliding column 43; the middle of the pressing block 16 is fixed on a supporting block 30 through a pin 31, one side of the pressing block is connected with the large sliding column 18 through a connecting bolt 14, and the other side of the pressing block compresses the substrate 28; one end of the large sliding column 18 is connected with the pressing block 16 through the connecting bolt 14, and the other end of the large sliding column is in close contact with the large inclined wedge 20 through an inclined plane; the large sliding column 18 and the small sliding column 43 are respectively made into a stepped shaft; one end of the small sliding column 43 is in contact with the base plate 28, and the other end of the small sliding column is in close contact with the small wedge through an inclined plane; the large sliding column 18 and the small sliding column 43 are respectively connected with the small sleeve 42 through the spring 17 and the large sleeve 21; the cylinder 35 is connected with the push rod 34; the push rod 34 is connected with the connecting rod 19; the connecting rod 19 is connected with the large wedge 20 through a T-shaped clamping sleeve 47; the small inclined wedge 41 is connected with the large inclined wedge through a spring 17; the lower part of the large wedge 20 is provided with a lower cavity 40; the limiting block 22 is arranged in the lower cavity 40 and is provided with a rubber cushion 46 to prevent the limiting block from violently colliding with the large wedge 20. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the warming system is composed of a heating resistor 44 and a halogen lamp 32, and comprises a support rod 36, a telescopic hose 31 and the halogen lamp 32; the halogen lamp 32 is fixed on a support rod 36 through a hose 33, and the support rod 36 is fixed on the three-coordinate moving platform 26.

As shown in fig. 1, the control system comprises a computer 1, a laser controller 2, a three-coordinate moving cylinder controller 38, a warming controller 36, a displacement controller 37 and a position sensor 11; the laser controller 2, the three-coordinate moving cylinder controller 38, the warming controller 39 and the displacement controller 37 are respectively connected with the computer 1; the displacement controller 37 is connected with the position sensor 11 and the restraint layer position adjusting device 10, and the position sensor 11 is arranged on the restraint layer bracket 9; the position sensor 11 measures the distance between the impact plate 13 and the workbench 24 and feeds the distance back to the constraint layer position adjusting device 10, the computer 1 adjusts the distance between the impact plate 13 and the base plate 28 through the constraint layer position adjusting device 10, controls the pulse laser 3 to emit laser beams 4 through the laser controller 2, adjusts the position of the three-coordinate platform 26 through the three-coordinate moving cylinder controller 38, controls the cylinder 35, and controls the temperature of the heating resistor through the warming controller 39; the halogen lamp 32 is provided with a temperature control system.

The invention also provides a method for welding the metal foil plate by the warm-heat auxiliary laser shock, which comprises the following steps:

s1: pretreating an impact plate 13 and a substrate 23, wherein the thickness of the impact plate 13 is 20-40 μm, and the thickness of the substrate 28 is 50-100 μm; the restraint layer 12 is a transparent acrylic plate with the thickness of 2mm-4mm, and the absorption layer 45 is black paint with the thickness of 0.05mm-0.2 mm;

s2: the absorbing layer 45 is plated under the constraining layer 12, and the impact plate 13 pretreated in step S1 is attached to the lower surface of the absorbing layer 45. The air cylinder 35 is adjusted by the three-coordinate air cylinder movement controller 38 to push the large wedge 20 to move outwards, and meanwhile, the spring 17 expands outwards to push the large sliding column 18 to move downwards and push the pressing block 16 to loosen; the small wedge is connected with the large wedge through a second spring and moves outwards to push the small slide rod to move upwards and compress the spring 17 to eject the workbench groove 23; s3: the base plate 23 is placed at the center of the table groove 23 or the weldment is taken out. Adjusting the distance between the impact plate 13 and the base plate 23; s4, adjusting the air cylinder 35 through the three-coordinate air cylinder movement controller 38 to push the large wedge 20 to move inwards, wherein the small wedge moves inwards due to the connection of the small wedge and the large wedge through the spring 17, and the small slide rod moves downwards due to the characteristics of the wedge mechanism, the spring 17 expands downwards to push the workbench groove 23 to move downwards to reset; the large wedge 20 moves inwards, and due to the characteristics of the wedge mechanism, the large sliding column 18 moves upwards to push the pressing block 16 to be pressed tightly; s5: the temperature controller 39 is adjusted to make the temperature of the worktable 29 reach 100-. The halogen lamp 32 is positioned at a proper position by adjusting the hose 33, the temperature of the halogen lamp is set to be 50-350 ℃, the impact plate 13 is heated, and the temperature is kept for 2-3 min; s6: the computer 1 controls the position adjusting device 10 of the restraint layer to adjust the distance between the impact plate 13 and the base plate 28; the position of the three-coordinate moving platform 26 is adjusted by the three-coordinate cylinder moving controller 38, so that the laser beam 4 output by the pulse laser 3 is focused on the absorption layer 45 through the reflecting mirror 5 and the focusing lens 6; the distance between the focusing lens 6 and the absorption layer 45 is adjusted through the focusing lens position adjusting device 8 to adjust the light spots; s7: the laser beam 4 precisely controlled by the computer 1 acts on the absorption layer 45 to generate explosive plasma, and the plasma drives the impact plate 13 to run at high speed to impact the substrate 23, so that welding is realized. S8: by repeating the steps of S3, S4, S5, S6 and S7, batch soldering of the striking plate 13 and the base plate 23 can be realized.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A clamping method of a warm auxiliary laser shock welding automatic clamping device is characterized by comprising a laser emitting system, a control system, a clamping system, a welding system and a warm system; the laser emission system comprises a pulse laser (3), a laser beam (4), a reflector (5), a focusing lens (6), a focusing lens support (7) and a focusing lens position adjusting device (8); the laser controller (2) is respectively connected with the computer (1) and the pulse laser (3) through electric signals, the focusing lens (6) is connected with a focusing lens position adjusting device (8) through a focusing lens bracket (7), and the focusing lens position adjusting device (8) is installed on a side plate of the L-shaped base (27); the reflecting mirror (5) is positioned above the focusing lens (6), and the laser beam (4) emitted by the pulse laser (3) is focused on the absorption layer (45) through the reflecting mirror (5) and the focusing lens (6); the welding system comprises a restraint layer (12), an absorption layer (45), an impact plate (13), a restraint layer support (9), a restraint layer support position adjusting device (10), a pressing block (16), a base plate (28), a workbench (29), a three-coordinate moving platform (26), an L-shaped base (27) and a heating resistor (44); the restraint layer (12), the absorption layer (45) and the impact plate (13) are connected with a restraint layer bracket position adjusting device (10) through a restraint layer bracket (9), and the restraint layer bracket position adjusting device (10) is arranged on a side plate of the three-coordinate moving platform (26); the three-coordinate moving platform (26) is arranged on the L-shaped base (27); the substrate (28) is pressed on the workbench (29) through the pressing block (16); the workbench (29) is connected with a heating resistor (44); the clamping system comprises a pressing block (16), a supporting block (30), a pin (31), a connecting bolt (14), a nut (15), a spring (17), a large sliding column (18), a connecting rod (19), a large wedge (20), a large sleeve (21), a limiting block (22), a limiting nut (25), an air cylinder (35), a push rod (34), a rubber cushion (46), a small wedge (41), a small sleeve (42) and a small sliding column (43); the middle of the pressing block (16) is fixed on the supporting block (30) through a pin (31), one end of the pressing block is connected with the large sliding column (18) through a connecting bolt (14), and the other end of the pressing block tightly presses the substrate (28); one end of the large sliding column (18) is connected with the pressing block (16) through a connecting bolt (14), and the other end of the large sliding column is in close contact with the large wedge (20) through an inclined plane; the large sliding column (18) and the small sliding column (43) are respectively made into a stepped shaft; one end of the small sliding column (43) is in contact with the base plate (28), and the other end of the small sliding column is in close contact with the small inclined wedge (41) through an inclined plane; the large sliding column (18) and the small sliding column (43) are respectively connected with the small sleeve (42) through a spring (17) and a large sleeve (21); the cylinder (35) is connected with the push rod (34); the push rod (34) is connected with one end of the connecting rod (19); the other end of the connecting rod (19) is connected with the large wedge (20) through a T-shaped clamping sleeve (47); the small inclined wedge (41) is connected with the large inclined wedge (20) through a second spring; the lower part of the large wedge (20) is provided with a lower cavity (40); the limiting block (22) is arranged in the lower cavity (40), and a rubber cushion (46) is arranged on the limiting block (22) and is prevented from violently colliding with the large wedge (20); the warming system comprises a heating resistor (44), a support rod (36), a hose (33) and a halogen lamp (32); the halogen lamp (32) is fixed on a support rod (36) through a hose (33), and the support rod (36) is fixed on a three-coordinate moving platform (26); the control system comprises a computer (1), a laser controller (2), a three-coordinate moving cylinder controller (38), a warming controller (39), a displacement controller (37) and a position sensor (11); the laser controller (2), the three-coordinate moving cylinder controller (38), the warming controller (39) and the displacement controller (37) are respectively connected with the computer (1); the displacement controller (37) is connected with a position sensor (11) and a position adjusting device (10) of the restraint layer bracket, and the position sensor (11) is arranged on the restraint layer bracket (9); the position sensor (11) measures the distance between the impact plate (13) and the workbench (29) and feeds the distance back to the position adjusting device (10) of the restraint layer support, the computer (1) adjusts the distance between the impact plate (13) and the substrate (28) through the position adjusting device (10) of the restraint layer support, the laser controller (2) controls the pulse laser (3) to emit laser beams (4), the position of the three-coordinate platform (26) is adjusted through the three-coordinate moving air cylinder controller (38), the air cylinder (35) is controlled, and the temperature of the heating resistor is controlled through the warm heat controller (39); the halogen lamp (32) is provided with a temperature control system; further comprising a clamping method based on the device, S1: pretreating the impact plate (13) and the substrate (28); s2: plating an absorption layer (45) below the restraint layer (12), and attaching the impact plate (13) pretreated in the step S1 to the lower surface of the absorption layer (45); the air cylinder (35) is adjusted through a three-coordinate air cylinder movement controller (38) to push the large wedge (20) to move outwards, meanwhile, the spring (17) releases pressure and expands outwards to push the large sliding column (18) to move downwards, and the pressing block (16) is pulled to be loosened; because the small inclined wedge (41) is connected with the large inclined wedge (20) through the spring (17), the small inclined wedge (41) also moves outwards to push the small sliding column (43) to move upwards and compress the spring (17) to eject the workbench groove (23); s3: placing the base plate (28) at the center of the workbench groove (23) or taking out a welding part; adjusting the distance between the impact plate (13) and the base plate (28); s4, adjusting the air cylinder (35) through the three-coordinate air cylinder movement controller (38) to push the large wedge (20) to move inwards, wherein the small wedge (41) also moves inwards as the small wedge is connected with the large wedge through a second spring, and the small sliding column (43) moves downwards due to the characteristics of the wedge mechanism, the spring (17) releases pressure and expands downwards to push the workbench groove (23) to move downwards to reset; the large inclined wedge (20) moves inwards, and due to the characteristics of an inclined wedge mechanism, the large sliding column (18) moves upwards to push the pressing block (16) to be pressed tightly; s5: adjusting the thermal controller (39) to make the temperature of the worktable (29) reach 100-; the halogen lamp (32) is positioned at a proper position by adjusting the hose (33), the temperature of the halogen lamp is set to be 50-350 ℃, the impact plate (13) is heated, and the temperature is kept for 2-3 min; s6: the computer (1) controls the position adjusting device (10) of the restraint layer to adjust the distance between the impact plate (13) and the base plate (28); the position of a three-coordinate moving platform (26) is adjusted through a three-coordinate cylinder moving controller (38), so that a laser beam (4) output by a pulse laser (3) is focused on an absorption layer (45) through a reflector (5) and a focusing lens (6); the distance between the focusing lens (6) and the absorption layer (45) is adjusted through a focusing lens position adjusting device (8) to adjust the light spots; s7: the laser beam (4) accurately controlled by the computer (1) acts on the absorption layer (45) to generate explosion plasma, the plasma drives the impact plate (13) to run at high speed to impact the substrate (28), and welding is realized; s8: and the batch welding of the impact plate (13) and the base plate (28) can be realized by repeating the steps of S2, S3, S4, S5, S6 and S7.

2. The clamping method of the warm-assisted laser shock welding automatic clamping device according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the connecting rod (19) is 154 mm; the connecting rod (19) is connected with the large wedge (20) through a T-shaped clamping sleeve (47), the width of the large end of the T-shaped clamping sleeve (47) is 145mm, and the width of the small end of the T-shaped clamping sleeve is 127 mm; the small inclined wedge (41) is connected with the large inclined wedge (20) through a second spring; the small inclined wedge (41) is sleeved on the piston rod (24), and the diameter of the piston rod (24) is 100 mm.

3. The clamping method of the warm auxiliary laser shock welding automatic clamping device is characterized in that the inclined plane angle of the large inclined wedge (20) is 30 degrees, the length of the upper plane (48) of the large inclined wedge is 331mm, the length of the lower plane (49) of the large inclined wedge is 130mm, the inclined plane angle of the small inclined wedge (41) is 10 degrees, and the length of the plane (50) of the small inclined wedge is 34 mm.

4. The clamping method of the warm auxiliary laser shock welding automatic clamping device is characterized in that the large wedge (20) is of a hollow structure, a lower cavity is formed, the diameter of the lower cavity is 282mm, the height of the lower cavity is 35mm, and the limiting block (22) is placed in the lower cavity, the diameter of the limiting block is 45mm, and the height of the limiting block is 24 mm.

5. The clamping method of the warm-heat assisted laser shock welding automatic clamping device is characterized in that the large sliding column (18) is a stepped shaft and comprises a large sliding column large shaft (51) and a large sliding column small shaft (52); the diameter of the large sliding column shaft (51) is 121mm, the small sliding column (43) is a stepped shaft and comprises a small sliding column large shaft (53) and a small sliding column small shaft (54); the diameter of the small shaft (54) of the small sliding column is 40 mm.

6. The clamping method of the automatic clamping device for the warm-heat assisted laser shock welding according to claim 1, characterized in that the shock plate (13) and the base plate (28) are made of the same or different metal materials.

7. The clamping method of the automatic clamping device for the warm-heat assisted laser shock welding according to claim 1, characterized in that the pulse laser (3) is a short pulse laser; the laser energy is 5J-20J, and the laser spot diameter is 3mm-6 mm.

8. The clamping method of the automatic clamping device for warm-assisted laser shock welding according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the shock plate (13) is 20 μm-40 μm, the thickness of the substrate (28) is 50 μm-100 μm; the restraint layer (12) is a transparent acrylic plate with the thickness of 2mm-4mm, and the absorption layer (45) is black paint with the thickness of 0.05mm-0.2 mm.