CN109073155A - 用于分配液化气的套件 - Google Patents

用于分配液化气的套件 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109073155A
CN109073155A CN201780020064.XA CN201780020064A CN109073155A CN 109073155 A CN109073155 A CN 109073155A CN 201780020064 A CN201780020064 A CN 201780020064A CN 109073155 A CN109073155 A CN 109073155A
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external member
container
gas
pump
supporting structure
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CN201780020064.XA
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CN109073155B (zh
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S.乌里
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Cryostar SAS
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Cryostar SAS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C6/00—Methods and apparatus for filling vessels not under pressure with liquefied or solidified gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
    • F17C2201/035—Orientation with substantially horizontal main axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/054—Size medium (>1 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/011—Oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/014—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
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    • F17C2221/017—Helium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
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    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
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    • F17C2221/035—Propane butane, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/043—Localisation of the removal point in the gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
    • F17C2223/047—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid with a dip tube
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
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    • F17C2225/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2225/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
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    • F17C2225/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
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    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
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    • F17C2225/035—High pressure, i.e. between 10 and 80 bars
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
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    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
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Abstract

一种用于从容器(100)分配液化气的套件(10)，包括支承结构(1)、泵(2)和调节系统(4)。支承结构设计成在套件在操作状态来用于分配液化气流时将泵和调节系统两者保持在容器内。由于所述套件的主要部分可作为单块元件处理，故套件允许容易处理、简单配合至容器和容易从容器除去。

Description

用于分配液化气的套件
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于从容纳液相的气体的容器分配液化气流的套件。
背景技术
用于从储存容器分配液化气的套件通常包括泵和液化气调节系统。在此类已知的套件中，泵可设计成浸没在容器内的液化气中，且调节系统布置在容器外，在容器与液化气的分配器之间。因此，用于从容纳液相的气体的容器分配液化气流的已知套件分别包括：
- 支承结构，其连接吸入端和排出端，且其适于紧密配合到容器，使得吸入端浸没在容器内的液化气中，而排出端位于容器的外表面处；
- 泵，其将由支承结构保持，以便在套件在操作状态中用于分配液化气流时浸没在液化气中，且其适于从吸入端朝排出端驱动液化气流；
- 可除去的密封组件，其位于支承结构的排出端处，且其适于在套件在操作状态时密封穿过容器的壁的孔口，且密封组件设有液体出口，其布置成排出由泵驱动的液化气流；以及
- 调节系统，其适于冷却或加热至少一定量的液化气。
支承结构和密封组件设计成使得泵可由操作者借助于支承结构在容器内移动，具体是在泵从容器抽出或引入容器时。
调节系统通常适用于冷却或加热从容器分配至任何用户设备的液化气流。此调节系统在液化气分配套件的操作状态下位于容器外。然后，此套件具有以下缺点：
- 调节系统的布置需要容器外有足够的空间可用；
- 可能存在于容器外的调节系统处的热泄漏路径可在气流传递至用户装置之前产生目前分配的气流的部分的汽化。
- 从容器抽出泵，具体是用于此泵的修理或维护，需要在除去密封组件和从容器抽出泵之前将密封组件与调节系统分开，这可取决于分配的气体而是复杂的或危险的；以及
- 泵和调节系统在套件拆卸之后与彼此分开处理，具体是对于这些元件的修理或维护。
于是，本发明的目的在于减轻这些缺陷中的至少一个。
具体而言，本发明的目的在于通过减少容器位置处的拆卸顺序的步骤数目而促进整个套件的修理或维护。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供用于从容器分配液化气的完整套件，其容易首次安装到容器处，且其允许随后容易且快速地从气体容器除去泵和调节系统。
发明内容
为了满足这些目的或其它中的至少一个，本发明的第一方面提出了一种如上文所述的用于从容器分配液化气流的套件，但其中调节系统和支承结构适于使得在套件处于操作状态时，除泵外，调节系统由支承结构保持在容器内，在吸入端与排出端之间。此外，支承结构还适于使得在调节系统从容器抽出或引入容器中时，调节系统也可由操作者在容器内借助于支承结构移动。
因此，包括泵、调节系统和支承结构的套件的主要部分可从容器除去，以传递至修理和维护车间，而不用为了使这些构件中的任何与彼此分开而实施的拆卸步骤。因此，该套件部分可作为单块输送至容器的位置，且其安装到容器上容易且实施快速。在一些发明实施方式中，密封组件以及套件的其它构件也可有利地属于套件的单块元件部分。
此外，由于调节系统在操作状态下位于容器内，故可能存在于调节系统处的热泄漏路径具有较少或没有后果。
大体上，对于本发明，在套件处于操作状态时，调节系统可适用于在此液化气流从吸入端行进至排出端期间，即时冷却或加热由泵驱动的液化气流。备选地，调节系统还可适用于冷却或加热容纳在容器中的液相的气体。调节系统的该后一功能由液化气处理技术人员称为"大量加热或冷却"。另外可能地，调节系统可具有即时调整待分配的液化气的温度，以及产生容器中容纳的液化气的大量加热或冷却的两个功能。
在本发明的可能实施方式中，套件可布置成使得在其在操作状态时，支承结构的排出端沿垂直方向定位成高于吸入端，且支承结构还适于沿垂直方向将调节系统保持高于泵。
在本发明的优选实施例中，套件还可包括外周壁，外周壁从吸入端延伸至排出端，且在套件在操作时包绕泵和调节系统两者。可能地，支承结构可设计成在将泵和调节系统引入容器中来用于气体分配操作时插入外周壁内部的容积中，或在从容器抽出泵和调节系统时从外周壁内部的容积除去。备选地，外周壁可为保持泵和调节系统两者的支承结构的部分。
对于具有外周壁的此优选发明实施例，套件还可包括布置在外周壁内部的容积内的管路，以用于将液化气流从泵传送至液体出口。然后，在套件在操作状态时，支承结构的高度可适于使得气体容积存在于密封组件下方，但在管路外，并且由外周壁包绕。此气体容积有助于减少汽化气体，汽化气体可能由可存在于密封组件处的绝热缺陷引起。在各种实施例中，支承结构的高度可适于使得气体容积沿垂直方向且在套件在操作状态时延伸超过0.20米，且优选小于50米，具体是小于1米。
再次，当实施外周壁时，套件可有利地还包括吸入阀，其在支承结构的吸入端处紧密配合到外周壁上。此吸入阀可适于在套件处于操作状态时在开启状态，以便液化气流经由吸入阀进入外周壁内的容积中，且吸入阀还可适于在泵未相对于外周壁定位在对应于套件处于操作状态的位置时处于闭合状态。甚至更有利地，吸入阀还可布置成以便通过泵沿外周壁移动到吸入端来驱动到其开启状态，且通过泵沿外周壁移离吸入端驱动到其闭合状态，具体是相应地在泵分别引入容器或从容器抽出时。
可选地 ，以下附加特征也可结合本发明和可选的以上改进单独地或以其中的若干的组合来实施：
- 该套件可进一步适用于具有沿水平方向或垂直方向或倾斜方向具有最大尺寸的形状的容器，倾斜方向在水平方向和垂直方向之间倾斜；
- 套件还可适于地下的容器；
- 套件还可适于容器是液化气储存罐，或液化气储存罐外的储槽容器，且连接以供给来自储存罐的液化气；
- 套件还可包括至少一个气体处理构件，其选自以下：连接到液体出口上以允许、限制或阻止液化气流由套件分配的出口阀；连接到液体出口上的止回阀；用于测量由套件分配的液化气流的借记(debit)的流量计；用于测量容器内容纳的液相的气体和套件分配的液化气流中的至少一者的温度的至少一个温度传感器；用于测量容器内容纳的液相的气体和由套件分配的液化气流中的至少一者的压力的至少一个压力传感器；具体包括在汽化器或冷凝器内的换热器；以及布置成从套件和容器中的至少一个内排出气体的释放阀。然后，在套件处于操作状态时，此气体处理构件可布置在支承结构的排出端处，或附连到密封组件上；
- 套件还可包括电力供应装置和控制装置，其布置在支承结构的排出端处或密封组件处。当泵和调节系统由支承结构保持且套件在操作状态时，这些装置可适于将电力供应至泵和调节系统。它们还可适于控制液化气流的开始和停止，且用于调整该液化气流和/或容器内容纳的液相的气体的温度和/或压力，且可能还用于控制液化气流的借记。此控制装置和电力供应装置可包括控制输入装置和控制显示器中的至少一者；
大体上，本发明的套件可适用于分配在液化甲烷、乙烷、丙烷、丁烷和其共混物中选择的液化气，包括天然气和石油气，具体是包括重量上超过80%的甲烷的气体，或在液化的氦、氧、氮、氨和太空火箭或航天器推进液体燃料中选择的气体。
本发明的第二方面提出了一种液化气加注站，其包括液化气分配器、用于容纳液相的气体的容器，以及根据第一发明方面的套件，其中液化气分配器连接到套件的液体出口上。此站可适于使得液化气是马达燃料气体。具体而言，站可适于向道路车辆(具体是卡车)加注马达燃料气体。备选地，站还可专用于向马达(如，船只推进马达或机车马达)供给液化燃料气体，且可布置在船或机车上。
现在将从参照附图来描述本发明的这些和其它特征，附图涉及本发明的优选的但并非限制性的实施例。
附图说明
图1a和1b示出了根据本发明的套件的两个可能的安装；以及
图2示出了本发明的优选实施例。
在这些图中的不同图中指出的相同参考标号表示具有相同功能的元件的相同元件。
为清楚起见，这些图中表示的元件不是以与实际实施例匹配的尺寸或尺寸比再现的。
具体实施方式
现在详细描述本发明的若干安装和实施例，但不会对权利要求范围产生任何限制。具体而言，描述了专用于道路车辆(例如，卡车)的加注站的应用，但其它应用也由权利要求体现，具有相同的实施方式特征或适于气体和/或适于应用的实施方式特征。
在图1a和1b中，以下参考标号具有现在列出的意义：
100 容纳液化马达燃料气体的容器
100a 容器100的壁中的孔口
100' 储存罐
101 液化气分配器
102 用于向分配器101供应液化气的管
10 安装在容器100中的用于分配液化马达燃料气体的套件
1 支承结构
1a 支承结构1的吸入端
1b 支承结构1的排出端
2 泵
3 可除去的密封组件
4 调节系统
5 管，可选的
6 设在可除去的密封组件3上的套件10的液体出口
容器100可为如图1a中呈现的设计成容纳大量液化马达燃料气体的储存罐，或图1b中呈现的储槽容器。当其为储槽容器时，其连接到储存罐100'中，其中适合的管用于将液化马达燃料气体从储存罐100'传递至储槽容器，且还可能用于使一些液化气从储槽容器流回到储存罐100'，例如，用于储槽容器中的维护操作。
容器100设有适合的绝热壁来用于将容纳的液化马达燃料气体保持在适于液相的温度，且用于减少可由可能的现有绝热缺陷引起的汽化气体。容器100可具有任何形状和大体定向，且还可取决于安装约束而在地下或被埋入。
管102连接到套件10的液体出口6上，以用于朝分配器101排出由泵2驱动的液化气流。在套件10内，管路5可将泵2的输出连接到液体出口6上。然而，如果支承结构1设计成以便气密性地包围吸入端1a与排出端1b之间的与容器100的其余容积分开的内部容积，则管路5可为不必要的。但是，在本发明的其它实施例中，支承结构1可为镂空的，例如，包括若干柱，柱从吸入端1a布置到排出端1b，且可能围绕套件10的中心轴线成角地分布。
支承结构1设计成将泵2和调节系统4支承在容器100内。任何实用装置可用于将泵2附连到支承结构1上，且还用于将调节系统4附连到支承结构1上。在用于分配液化马达燃料气流的操作状态中，支承结构1的吸入端1a浸入容纳在容器100内的液化气中，且排出端1b大致位于容器开口100a处。由于支承结构1延伸至排出端1b，故有可能操作者从容器100的外部抓住其，且将其与泵2和调节系统4一起作为单块元件经由容器100的孔口100a抽出容器100。
优选地，在套件10的操作状态中，调节系统4附连到泵2与排出端1b之间的支承结构1上。在本发明的优选实施例中，支承结构1在操作状态中垂直地定向在容器100内，使得支承结构1将调节系统4保持在泵2上方。
可除去的密封组件3设计成在套件10的操作状态中气密性地密封容器100的孔口100a。除去其来将支承结构1与泵2和调节系统4一起从容器100抽出，或用于将它们引入容器100中。可除去的密封组件3还可设有绝热装置，以用于避免或减少经由可除去的密封组件3到容器100中，或围绕孔口100a在容器壁与可除去的密封组件3之间的界面处的热渗透。
在一些实施例中，支承结构1可附连到可除去的密封组件3上，例如，在操作状态的密封组件3的面向下的表面上。在其它实施例中，支承结构1可与可除去的密封组件3分开，且由接近孔口100a的容器壁支承。可能地，排出端1b处的支承结构1的专用环可设计成夹在可除去的密封组件3与环形座之间，环形座围绕孔口100a设在容器100上。
取决于该流动的借记值的期望范围，泵2可为适用于将液化马达燃料气流从吸入端1a朝液体出口6驱动的任何类型。优选地，泵2可为浸入式的，使得在处于泵送状态时，其由液化气完全渗透。
调节系统4适于冷却和/或加热液化气。根据本发明将调节系统4布置在容器100内的一个附加的优点在于简化调节系统4自身，具体是其产生液化气与调节系统4的热活性部分之间的热传递的构件。其还极大减少了从容器100外侧到调节系统4的任何导热路径，从而参与了在其由分配器101输送之前减少液化气的非期望气化。
根据调节系统4的第一实施方式，其可布置成即时冷却或加热液化马达燃料气流，其由套件10供应至分配器101。例如，在使用此管路时，其可围绕管路5布置，或在此流动到达液体出口6之前，其可浸没在分配的液化气流内。
根据调节系统4的第二实施方式，其可布置成冷却或加热容纳在套件10外的容器100中的液化气。此操作通常称为大量调节，且具体是实施成用于调节容器100内的压力。
还可能地，调节系统4可具有大量调节和即时冷却或加热分配的液化气流的两个功能。为此，其优选布置在套件10中，以便选择性地与待分配的液化气流和容器100内的套件10外的液化气中的一者或两者热连通。使用适合的选择装置来交替地或同时地控制两个功能。
图2中所示的本发明的优选实施例实施属于套件10的两个附加构件：外周壁7和吸入阀8。外周壁7可为可能没有吸入阀8实施。其将套件10内部的容积V与容器100的其余内部容积分开，使得没有液化气可在不穿过吸入阀8进入的情况下进入容积V。然后，支承结构1、泵2和调节系统4布置在外周壁7内，后两个构件由支承结构1保持。支承结构1可又包括泵2和调节系统4两者附连到其上的一个或若干柱。此外周壁7的优点在于允许一定量气体存在于可除去的密封组件3下方的容积V内，以进一步减小从容器100外到容纳在内的液化气的热传递。外周壁7可与管路5一起实施，以用于使用于待分配的液化气流的路径与将气体量永久保持在套件10内部的容积V内组合。因此保持在可除去的密封组件3下方的气体容积的高度h可取决于本发明的应用改变。对于用于道路车辆的加注站的应用，高度h可包括沿垂直高度的0.20m(米)到1m之间，但对于其它应用，如，液化气的大量储存，例如，在港口设施中，高度h可达50m。
大体上，对于套件10，根据本发明，或与保持在如刚刚所述的套件10内部的容积V中的可除去的密封组件3下方的气体量组合，绝热元件10a可提供成还接近可除去的密封组件3的面向下的表面。
吸入阀8可配合到外周壁7的下端。其可有利地设计成以便在泵2未由支承结构1保持在对应于套件10的操作状态的位置时自动地切换至闭合状态。因此，一旦泵2在外周壁7内借助于支承结构1升高，则吸入阀8密封外周壁7的下端。另外，吸入阀8可通过泵2降低到其针对套件10的操作的位置来切换到开启状态，同时借助于支承结构1控制泵2的移动。此吸入阀8允许支承结构1与泵2和调节系统4一起从容器100除去，而没有大量液化气经由孔口100a气化和逸出。其它类型的可切换吸入阀可备选地使用，例如，可从容器100外独立于外周壁7内的泵2的位置控制到开启状态和闭合状态的吸入阀。在从容器100与泵2和调节系统4一起抽出支承结构1之前，加压的惰性气体可从外界注入外周壁7，例如，借助于布置成穿过可除去的密封组件3的专用气体注入线(未呈现)。液化气因此在外周壁7内向下推回到套件10的外周壁7外的容器100中。然而，关闭吸入阀8，可除去的密封组件3能够除去，且支承结构1与泵2和调节系统4一起可作为单块元件经由孔口100a从外周壁7的内侧抽出。在支承结构与泵2和调节系统4分开时，外周壁7和闭合的吸入阀8保持在容器100内紧密固定就位。在将支承结构1与泵2和调节系统4一起作为单块元件经由孔口100a再引入容器100时，吸入阀8仍闭合。一旦支承结构1与泵2和调节系统4的组合到达套件10的操作的最终位置，则可除去的密封组件3安装成以便密封孔口100a，空气由外周壁7内部的容积V内的惰性气体替换，吸入阀8驱动到开启状态，且允许惰性气体从外周壁7的内侧逸出，可能穿过专用的气体线(未呈现)，穿过可除去的密封组件3。在空气除去之后，源自液体或汽化气体的气体量可永久留在外周壁7内，如上文所述，用于绝热改进。
根据本发明的套件的主要优点来自包括作为单块的泵2和调节系统4的套件的主要构件的可能处理。以此方式，在容器100的位置处的套件的输送，以及将套件配合到容器100上，其从容器100除去和其传递至车间来用于维护服务，在较大程度上变得容易。实际上，整个套件在输送，或在保养车辆，远离加注站之前组装。因此，使得使用套件10且更大体上而言，加注站的运行更容易。
为了提高单块处理的另一个此优点，附加构件可附连到排出端1b处的支承结构1上，或可除去的密封组件3上。此附加元件可涉及气体处理构件，以及电力供应和控制装置。
此气体处理构件可选自以下，而不限于：
- 出口阀11a，其为液体出口6与管102之间的中间，以允许、限制或阻挡将由套件10分配的液化气流；
- 止回阀11b，其也为液体出口6与管102之间的中间，以避免液化气吸回到容器100中；
- 用于测量由套件10分配的液化气流的借记的流量计12；
一个或若干温度传感器13，其用于测量由套件10分配的液化气流的温度，且也可能额外用于测量容纳在套件10外的容器100内的液化气的温度；
- 一个或若干压力传感器14，其用于测量由套件10分配的液化气流的压力，例如，液体出口6处的压力，且也可能额外用于还测量容纳在套件10外的容器100内的液化气的压力；
- 可选的控制器(未呈现)，其用于控制调节系统4的操作，用于容纳在容器100内的液化气的大量加热或大量冷却，以便保持容器100内的期望的压力值；
- 用于调节系统4或其它功能的换热器17。在本发明的一些实施例中，此换热器可为以公知方式布置的汽化器或冷凝器的部分；
- 布置成用于从套件10内排出气体的释放阀16，和/或用于从容器100内排出气体的另一个释放阀18，以用于避免过大的压力值发生在套件10或容器100中，或两者中；以及
- 可选地，载热流体回路，其具有供应管19a和回流管19b，以用于将热或冷的载体流体流供应至调节系统4。
另外，电力供应和控制装置可选自以下：
- 电力供应装置20，用于将电力供应至泵2和调节系统4。这些电力供应装置20可具有各种结构，具体是具有由泵2和调节系统4共用的构件，或仅具有专用于泵2或调节系统4的构件。具体而言，这些电力供应装置20通过控制泵2的触动来控制待分散的液化气流的开始和停止；
- 用于控制分配的液化气流的借记的装置21。此借记控制装置可具体包括适用于改变泵2的转速的变速器；以及
- 适于加注站的操作者输入命令来确定液化气输送的参数的控制输入装置(未呈现)。可能地，控制显示器还可提供为监测针对这些参数和/或气体储存参数中的至少一些测得的值。
显然，应理解，上文详述的描述仅提供为本发明的示例性实施例。然而，次级实施例方面可取决于应用改变，同时保持引用的至少一些优点。

Claims (18)

1.用于从容纳液相的气体的容器(100)分配液化气流的套件(10)，包括：
- 支承结构(1)，其连接吸入端(1a)和排出端(1d)，且适于紧密配合到所述容器(100)上，使得所述吸入端浸入所述容器内的所述液化气中，同时所述排出端位于所述容器的外表面处；
- 泵(2)，其将由所述支承结构(1)保持，以便在所述套件(10)在操作状态中以用于分配所述液化气流时浸没在所述液化气中，且适于将所述液化气流从所述吸入端(1a)朝所述排出端(1b)驱动；
- 可除去的密封组件(3)，其位于所述支承结构(1)的所述排出端(1b)处，且适于在所述套件(10)在操作状态时密封穿过所述容器(100)的壁的孔口(100a)，且所述密封组件设有布置成用于排出由所述泵(2)驱动的所述液化气流的液体出口(6)；以及
- 调节系统(4)，其适于冷却或加热至少一定量的所述液化气，
所述支承结构(1)和所述密封组件(3)设计成使得在所述泵从所述容器抽出或引入所述容器时，所述泵(2)在所述容器(100)内借助于所述支承结构移动，
其特征在于，所述调节系统(4)和所述支承结构(1)适于使得在所述套件(10)在操作状态时，除所述泵(2)外，所述调节系统也由所述支承结构保持在所述容器(100)内，所述调节系统保持在所述吸入端(1a)与所述排出端(1b)之间，
以及所述支承结构(1)进一步适于使得在所述调节系统要从所述容器抽出或被引入所述容器中时，所述调节系统(4)也在所述容器(100)内借助于所述支承结构移动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的套件(10)，其特征在于，所述调节系统(4)适于在所述套件处于操作状态时，所述液化气流从所述吸入端(1a)行进至所述排出端(1b)期间，即时冷却或加热由所述泵(2)驱动的所述液化气流。
3.根据权利要求1或根据权利要求2所述的套件(10)，其特征在于，所述调节系统(4)适用于冷却或加热容纳在所述容器(100)中的液相的所述气体。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的套件(10)，其特征在于，所述套件(10)布置成使得所述套件在操作状态时，所述支承结构(1)的所述排出端(1b)沿垂直方向定位成高于所述吸入端(1a)，且所述支承结构进一步适于沿所述垂直方向将所述调节系统(4)保持高于所述泵(2)。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的套件(10)，其特征在于，所述套件(10)还包括在所述套件在操作状态时从所述吸入端(1a)延伸至所述排出端(1b)且包绕所述泵(2)和所述调节系统(4)两者的外周壁(7)。
6.根据权利要求4和权利要求5所述的套件(10)，其特征在于，所述套件(10)还包括将布置在所述外周壁(7)内部的容积(V)内的管路(5)，以用于将所述液化气流从所述泵(2)传送至所述液体出口(6)，
且其中当所述套件(10)在操作状态中时，所述支承结构(1)的高度适于使得气体容积存在于所述密封组件(3)下方，但在所述管路(5)外，且由所述外周壁(7)包绕。
7.根据权利要求6所述的套件(10)，其特征在于，所述支承结构(1)的高度适于使得所述气体容积沿所述垂直方向且在所述套件在操作状态时延伸超过0.20米，且优选小于50米，具体是小于1米。
8.根据权利要求5到权利要求7中任一项所述的套件(10)，其特征在于，所述套件(10)还包括吸入阀(8)，其紧密配合到所述支承结构(1)的吸入端(1a)处的外周壁(7)上，且适于在所述套件在操作状态时在开启状态，使得所述液化气流经由所述吸入阀进入所述外周壁内部的容积(V)，且所述吸入阀还适于在所述泵(2)未相对于所述外周壁定位在对应于所述套件(10)在操作状态的位置时在闭合状态。
9.根据权利要求8所述的套件(10)，其特征在于，所述吸入阀(8)布置成以便通过所述泵(2)沿所述外周壁(7)移动到所述吸入端(1a)而驱动到所述开启状态，且通过所述泵沿所述外周壁移离所述吸入端来驱动到所述闭合状态，具体是相应地在所述泵引入所述容器或从所述容器抽出时。
10.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的套件(10)，其特征在于，所述套件(10)适于具有如下形状的所述容器(100)：所述形状沿水平方向或所述垂直方向或水平方向与所述垂直方向之间倾斜的倾斜方向具有最大尺寸，或所述容器在地下。
11.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的套件(10)，其特征在于，所述套件(10)适于所述容器(100)为液化气储存罐或液化气储存罐(100')外的储槽容器，且连接以供给来自所述储存罐的液化气。
12.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的套件(10)，其特征在于，所述套件(10)还包括至少一个气体处理构件，所述气体处理构件选自以下：连接到所述液体出口(6)上以用于允许、限制或阻挡所述液化气流由所述套件分配的出口阀(11a)；连接到所述液体出口上的止回阀(11b)；用于测量由所述套件(10)分配的所述液化气流的借记的流量计(12)；用于测量容纳在所述容器(100)内的液相的所述气体和由所述套件(10)分配的所述液化气流中的至少一者的温度的至少一个温度传感器(13)；用于测量容纳在所述容器(100)内的液相的所述气体和由所述套件(10)分配的所述液化气流中的至少一者的压力的至少一个压力传感器(14)；具体包括在汽化器或冷凝器内的换热器(17)；以及布置成从所述套件(10)和所述容器(100)中的至少一个内排出气体的至少一个释放阀(16,18)；
在所述套件(10)在操作状态中时，所述气体处理构件布置在所述支承结构(1)的所述排出端(1b)处，或附连到所述密封组件(3)上。
13.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的套件(10)，其特征在于，所述套件(10)还包括电力供应装置(20)和控制装置(21)，所述电力供应装置(20)和控制装置(21)布置在所述支承结构(1)的所述排出端(1b)或所述密封组件(3)处，且适于在所述泵和调节系统两者由所述支承结构保持且所述套件(10)在操作状态时将电力供应至所述泵(2)和调节系统(4)，并且还适于控制所述液化气流的开始和停止，并且用于调节所述容器(100)内容纳的液相的所述气体和/或所述液化气流的温度和/或压力，并且还可能用于控制所述液化气流的借记。
14.根据权利要求13所述的套件(10)，其特征在于，电力供应装置(20)和所述控制装置(21)包括控制输入装置和控制显示器中的至少一个。
15.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的套件(10)，其特征在于，所述套件(10)适于分配在液化甲烷、乙烷、丙烷、丁烷和其共混物中选择的液化气，包括天然气和石油气，具体是包括重量上超过80%的甲烷的气体，或在液化的氦、氧、氮、氨和太空火箭或航天器推进液体燃料中选择的气体。
16.液化气加注站，包括液化气分配器(101)、用于容纳液相的所述气体的容器(100)，以及根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的套件(10)，并且所述液化气分配器连接到所述套件的所述液体出口(6)上。
17.根据权利要求16所述的站，其特征在于，所述站适于使得所述液化气是马达燃料气体。
18.根据权利要求17所述的站，其特征在于，所述站适于向道路车辆，具体是卡车，加注马达燃料气体。
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