CN109072384A - Alfer - Google Patents
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- CN109072384A CN109072384A CN201780024611.1A CN201780024611A CN109072384A CN 109072384 A CN109072384 A CN 109072384A CN 201780024611 A CN201780024611 A CN 201780024611A CN 109072384 A CN109072384 A CN 109072384A
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- 229910001017 Alperm Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 55
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 55
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 39
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 14
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004881 precipitation hardening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000846 In alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 232Th Chemical compound [232Th] ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000967 As alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001119 inconels 625 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012925 reference material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenegallium;selenium Chemical compound [Se].[Se]=[Ga].[Se]=[Ga] VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
Abstract
A kind of Alfer, the Alfer include the following element in terms of weight % [wt%]: C 0.01 to 0.1；N:0.001 to 0.1；O :≤0.2；Cr 4 to 15；Al 2 to 6；Si 0.5 to 3；Mn :≤0.4；Mo+W≤4；Y≤1.0；Sc, Ce and/or La≤0.2；Zr≤0.40；RE≤0.4；Surplus is Fe and the impurity normally occurred, and must also meet following equation: 0.014≤(Al+0.5SQ (Cr+10Si+0.1)≤0.022.
Description
Technical field
This disclosure relates to Alfer as described in the preamble according to claim 1.Present disclosure also relates to ferrites
The purposes of alloy and it is related to the product being produced from it or coating.
Background technique
Alfer, such as be 15-25 weight % comprising chromium (Cr) level and aluminium (Al) level is 3-6 weight %
FeCrAl alloy, because it forms protectiveness Alpha-alumina (Al when contacting the temperature between 900 to 1300 DEG C2O3), oxidation alumina
Change the ability of layer and well-known.It is formed and the lower limit of the Al content of oxidation aluminium oxide layers is kept to change with exposure condition.So
And at relatively high temperatures, the horizontal too low influence of Al is that the selective oxidation of Al will fail and will form less stable and guarantor
The less oxide layer based on chromium and iron of shield property.
It is believed that FeCrAl alloy is generally do not form protectiveness α-oxygen if contact is below about 900 DEG C of temperature
Change aluminium layer.Have attempted to optimization FeCrAl alloy composition so that below about 900 DEG C at a temperature of will form protectiveness α-oxygen
Change aluminium.However, in general, these trials be not it is extremely successful, because of oxygen and aluminium being diffused in oxide-metal interface
Can be relatively slow under lower temperature, so that the synthesis speed for aoxidizing aluminium oxide layers can be lower, it means that heavy corrosion will be present
The risk of the oxide of erosion and formation less stable.
Another problem occurred at a temperature of lower temperature is to be lower than 900 DEG C is, by Cr in FeCrAl alloy system
Low temperature miscibility gap caused by long-term embrittlement phenomenon.At 550 DEG C, there are miscible when Cr level is greater than about 12 weight %
Gap.Recently, in order to avoid this phenomenon, the alloy of the lower Cr level with about 10-12 weight %Cr has been developed.?
It was found that this group of alloy is in controlled and low pressure O2Under showed in fusion of lead it is very good.
EP 0 475 420 is related to a kind of Alfer foil quickly solidified, is substantially made up of: Cr, Al,
The Si and REM (Y, Ce, La, Pr, Nd) of about 1.5-3 weight %, surplus are Fe and impurity.The foil can also contain about 0.001-
At least one element selected from Ti, Nb, Zr and V of 0.5 weight %.The foil has the crystallite dimension no more than about 10 μm.EP
075 420 discuss addition Si to improve the flow behavior of alloy melt, but due to ductility reduction, achieve it is limited at
Function.
EP 0,091 526 is related to resistance to thermal cyclic oxidation and thermally processable alloy, adds more particularly, to rare earth
The iron-chrome-aluminium-alloy of object.In oxidation, the alloy aoxidizes the whisker texture needed for generating on catalytic converter surface
Object.However, gained alloy cannot provide heat-resisting quantity.
Therefore, there is still a need for further improving the corrosion resistance of Alfer, so that it can be in the hot conditions phase
Between be used for corrosive environment.It is to solve or at least reduce the above problem in terms of the disclosure.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, this disclosure relates to a kind of Alfer, the Alfer will provide good oxidation resistance and excellent
The combination of ductility, the Alfer include the consisting of in terms of weight % (wt%):
C 0.01 to 0.1；
N:0.001-0.1；
O :≤0.2；
Cr 4 to 15；
Al 2 to 6；
Si 0.5 to 3；
Mn :≤0.4；
Mo+W≤4；
Y≤1.0；
Sc, Ce and/or La≤0.2；
Zr≤0.40；
RE≤1.0；
Surplus is Fe and the impurity normally occurred, and must also meet following equation:
0.014≤(Al+0.5Si)(Cr+10Si+0.1)≤0.022。
Therefore, there are certain relationships between Cr in the alloy according to the disclosure and Si and the content of Al, should if met
If relationship, then it will provide with excellent inoxidizability and ductility and reduced brittleness and increased high temperature corrosion
Alloy.
Present disclosure also relates to include the product and/or coating according to the Alfer of the disclosure.In addition, the disclosure also relates to
And if Alfer above or as defined below is for article of manufacture and/or the purposes of coating.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 a and Fig. 1 b disclose horizontal relative to the Fe-10%Cr-5%Al (Fig. 1 a) of Si level and relative to Si
Phase in Fe-20%Cr-5%Al (Fig. 1 b).The figure is made by using database TCFE7 and Thermocalc software.
Fig. 2 a to Fig. 2 e, which is disclosed, to be contacted at 850 DEG C with reference to alloy containing big according to two kinds of alloys of the disclosure with three kinds
It measures biomass (sawdust) ash content of potassium and contacts the polishing section after 50 times 1 hour circulation.
Specific embodiment
As described above, the Alfer is wrapped in terms of weight % (wt%) present disclose provides a kind of Alfer
Contain:
C 0.01 to 0.1；
N:0.001-0.1；
O :≤0.2；
Cr 4 to 15；
Al 2 to 6；
Si 0.5 to 3；
Mn :≤0.4；
Mo+W≤4；
Y≤1.0；
Sc, Ce and/or La≤0.2；
Zr≤0.40；
RE≤1.0；
Surplus is Fe and the impurity normally occurred, and must also meet following equation:
0.014≤(Al+0.5Si)(Cr+10Si+0.1)≤0.022。
It has been surprisingly found that containing alloying element such as alloy above or as defined below and being mentioned herein
Alloy in the range of and unexpectedly forms the guarantor containing rich aluminum oxide when chromium level is down to 4 weight %
Shield property superficial layer.This is all very important the machinability of alloy and long-term phase stability, because being placed in for a long time
After the temperature environment of range is mentioned above, undesirable brittleness σ phase can be reduced or even avoided.Therefore, between Si and Al and Cr
Interaction will promote to form the stabilization containing rich aluminum oxide and continuous protectiveness superficial layer, and by using above-mentioned
Equation, will can add Si and still obtain will can produce and formed the Alfer of different products.The present inventor is in surprise
It was found that if the amount of Si and Al and Cr is balanced so that meeting the following conditions (all numbers of element are all weight fractions):
0.014≤(Al+0.5Si) (Cr+10Si+0.1)≤0.022,
Then gained alloy will be with excellent inoxidizability and machinability and formability within the scope of the Cr of the disclosure
Combination.According to one embodiment, 0.015≤(Al+0.5Si) (Cr+10Si+0.1)≤0.021, such as 0.016≤(Al+
0.5Si) (Cr+10Si+0.1)≤0.020, such as 0.017≤(Al+0.5Si) (Cr+10Si+0.1)≤0.019.
The Alfer of the disclosure is particularly useful for the temperature below about 900 DEG C, because made of the alloy
The protectiveness superficial layer containing rich aluminum oxide will be formed on product and/or coating, this will prevent the product and/or coating
Corrosion, oxidation and embrittlement.In addition, Alfer of the invention can down to 400 DEG C at a temperature of provide it is anticorrosive, oxidation and
The protection of embrittlement, because the protectiveness containing rich aluminum oxide will be formed on the surface of the product and/or coating that are produced from it
Superficial layer.In addition, according to the alloy of the disclosure be up to about 1100 DEG C at a temperature of will also be excellent in, and its 400 to
The long-term embrittlement tendency of reduction is shown within the temperature range of 600 DEG C.
Alloy of the invention can be used in the form of coating.In addition, product also may include alloy of the invention.According to this public affairs
It opens, term " coating " is intended to refer to following implementation, wherein being existed in the form of layer according to the Alfer of the disclosure, the layer
Be placed in the corrosive environment contacted with substrate, regardless of realize it means and method how, and no matter between layer and substrate
Relative thickness relationship how.Therefore, the example is but is not limited to PVD coating, coating or compound or composite material.It is described
The purpose of alloy should protect following material from corroding and aoxidizing.The example of appropriate article be but not limited to multiple tube, pipe,
Boiler, gas turbine component and steam turbine component.Other examples include superheater, the water-cooling wall in power plant, in container
Component or heat exchanger (such as hydrocarbon or contain CO/CO2Gas reformation or other processing), at the industry heat of steel and aluminium
Reason, powder metallurgical technique component used in connection with, combustion gas and electrical heating elements.
In addition, being suitable in the environment with etching condition according to the alloy of the disclosure.The example of this environment includes
But it is not limited to contact salt, liquid lead and other metals, contacts ash content or high-carbon content deposit, combustion atmosphere has low pO2
And/or high N2Atmosphere and/or high-carbon active environment.
In addition, Alfer of the invention can be by using normally going out in from conventional metallurgical to quick freezing range
Existing solidification rate manufactures.Alloy of the invention applies also for manufacturing the products of all types of forgings and extruding, such as silk,
Band, stick and plate.The amount and grain structure and crystallite dimension of pyroplastic deformation and cold plastic deformation, as those skilled in the art
It is varied between object form and production line knownly.
The function of the basic alloy element of defined alloy and effect will be presented in the following paragraphs above and below.Respectively
The function of a alloying element and the list of effect be not construed as it is whole because other functions also may be present in the alloying element
And effect.
Carbon (C)
Carbon can be used as to be existed by the inevitable impurity that production process generates.Carbon also is included in such as institute hereinbefore or hereinafter
In the Alfer of definition, to improve intensity by precipitation-hardening.In order to which the intensity to alloy generates remarkable effect, carbon is answered
Exist with the amount of at least 0.01 weight %.Under excessively high level, carbon, which can lead to, is difficult to forming material and also to corrosion resistance
Generate negative effect.Therefore, the maximum of carbon is 0.1 weight %.For example, the content of carbon is 0.02-0.09 weight %, such as
0.02-0.08 weight %, such as 0.02-0.07 weight %, such as 0.02-0.06 weight %, such as 0.02-0.05 weight %,
Such as 0.01-0.04 weight %.
Nitrogen (N)
Nitrogen can be used as to be existed by the inevitable impurity that production process generates.Nitrogen also is included in such as institute hereinbefore or hereinafter
In the Alfer of definition, to improve intensity by precipitation-hardening, especially feelings when applied powder metallurgy process route
Condition is such.Under excessively high level, nitrogen, which can lead to, to be difficult to be formed alloy and also has negative effect to corrosion resistance.Therefore,
The maximum of nitrogen is 0.1 weight %.Suitable nitrogen range is such as 0.001-0.08 weight %, such as 0.001-0.05 weight
Measure %, such as 0.001-0.04 weight %, such as 0.001-0.03 weight %, such as 0.001-0.02 weight %.
Oxygen (O)
Oxygen, which can be used as, to be present in by the impurity that production process generates as in alloy above or as defined below.In the feelings
Under condition, the amount of oxygen can be up to 0.02 weight %, such as at most 0.005 weight %.If intentionally adding oxygen with strong by disperse
Change to provide intensity, then when manufacturing alloy by powder metallurgical technique route, alloy such as above or as defined below includes
At most or the oxygen equal to 0.2 weight %.
Chromium (Cr)
Chromium exists in alloy of the present invention mainly as matrix Solid-solution elements.Chromium by so-called third element effect,
I.e. by forming chromium oxide in transient state oxidation stage, to promote to form alumina layer on alloy.In order to realize the purpose, chromium is answered
It is present in the amount of at least 4 weight % as in alloy above or as defined below.In alloy of the invention, Cr is also enhanced
Form brittleness σ phase and Cr3The sensibility of Si.This occurs when acting on about 12 weight % and under the level higher than 15 weight %
Enhancing, therefore the limit of Cr is 15 weight %.Furthermore from the viewpoint of oxidation, the level higher than 15 weight % will lead to Cr pairs
The undesirable contribution of protective oxide oxide layer.According to one embodiment, the content of Cr is 5-13 weight %, such as 5-
12 weight %, such as 6-12 weight %, such as 7-11 weight %, such as 8-10 weight %.
Aluminium (Al)
Aluminium is such as the important element in alloy above or as defined below.Aluminium can lead to when contacting oxygen at high temperature
It crosses selective oxidation and forms fine and close and thin oxide Al2O3, this will protect following alloy surface from further aoxidizing.Aluminium
Amount should be at least 2 weight %, to ensure to be formed the protectiveness superficial layer containing rich aluminum oxide, and also assure and be destroyed
When there are enough aluminium to carry out restoration and protection superficial layer.However, aluminium has negative effect to formability, and a large amount of aluminium can
Cause to form crackle in the alloy during its machining.Therefore, 6 weight % are not to be exceeded in the amount of aluminium.For example, aluminium can be
3-5 weight %, such as 2.5-4.5 weight %, such as 3-4 weight %.
Silicon (Si)
In business FeCrAl alloy, silicon usually exists with the level of at most 0.4 weight %.As determined hereinbefore or hereinafter
In the Alfer of justice, Si will play very important effect, because it have been found that, Si is to improvement inoxidizability and corrosion resistance
With great role.The upper limit of Si forms brittleness by the loss of the machinability under the conditions of hot and cold and during long-term exposure
Cr3The sensibility increase of Si and σ phase is set.Therefore, it is necessary to relatively carry out the addition of Si with the content of Al and Cr.Therefore,
The amount of Si is 0.5-3 weight %, such as 1-3 weight %, such as 1-2.5 weight %, such as 1.5-2.5 weight %.
Manganese (Mn)
Manganese can be used as impurity and is present in at most 0.4 weight %, such as 0-0.3 weight % as above or as defined below
In alloy.
Yttrium (Y)
In melt metallurgical, yttrium can be added with the amount of at most 0.3 weight %, to improve the adherency of protectiveness superficial layer.This
Outside, in powder metallurgy, if addition yttrium is to generate the dispersion together with oxygen and/or nitrogen, yttrium content is at least 0.04 weight
The amount of % is measured, to realize required dispersion hardening effect by oxide and/or nitride.The disperse of oxygen-containing Y compound form
The maximum of yttrium can be at most 1.0 weight % in hardening agent.
Scandium (Sc), cerium (Ce) and lanthanum (La)
Scandium, cerium and lanthanum are interchangeable elements, and can be added alone or in combination with the total amount of at most 0.2 weight %,
To improve oxidizing property, aluminium oxide (Al2O3) layer selfreparing or alloy and Al2O3Adherency between layer.
Molybdenum (Mo) and tungsten (W)
Molybdenum and tungsten all have positive effect to the calorific intensity of alloy such as above or as defined below.Mo is also to cargo sweat
Property has positive effect.They can be added alone or in combination with the amount of at most 4.0 weight %, such as 0-2.0 weight %.
Reactive element (RE)
According to definition, reactive element and carbon, nitrogen and oxygen have reactivity very much.In the meaning to carbon with high-affinity
On, titanium (Ti), niobium (Nb), vanadium (V), hafnium (Hf), tantalum (Ta) and thorium (Th) they are reactive elements, therefore they are strong carbide
Forming agent.Adding these elements is the oxidizing property in order to improve alloy.The total amount of the element is at most 1.0 weight %, example
Such as 0.4 weight %, such as at most 0.15.
The maximum of various reactive elements will primarily depend upon the tendentiousness that the element forms unfavorable intermetallic phase.
Zirconium (Zr)
Zirconium is commonly known as reactive element, because it has very strong reactivity to oxygen, nitrogen and carbon.In conjunction of the invention
Jin Zhong, it has been found that Zr has double action, because it will be present in the protectiveness superficial layer containing rich aluminum oxide to change
Kind inoxidizability, and also form carbide and nitride.Therefore, in order to realize the protectiveness superficial layer containing rich aluminum oxide
Optkmal characteristics, be advantageous in the alloy including Zr.
However, the Zr level higher than 0.40 weight % will generate shadow to oxidation due to forming richness Zr intermetallic inclusions
Ring, and the level lower than 0.05 weight % by too small without being able to satisfy dual purpose, and it is unrelated with the content of C and N.Therefore,
If there is Zr, then the range is between 0.05-0.40 weight %, such as 0.10 to 0.35 weight %.
Moreover, it has been found that in order to realize that protectiveness superficial layer aoxidizes the even preferably inoxidizability of aluminium oxide layers, Zr
Relationship between N and C may be important.Therefore, inventor it has surprisingly found that if Zr is added in alloy and
Alloy also includes N and C, and if meeting the following conditions (constituent content is provided with weight %):
Such asSuch as Then gained alloy will realize good inoxidizability.
If the surplus in Alfer above or as defined below is Fe and inevitable impurity.Inevitably
The example of impurity is the element and compound that is not intended that addition but cannot avoid completely, because they are usually as impurity in example
Occur in material such as manufacturing Alfer.
Fig. 1 a and Fig. 1 b are shown in Alfer containing Si, and higher Cr is easily formed Si3Cr field trash, and 20%Cr
It is also easy to promote to form undesirable brittleness σ phase after the long-time exposure in focus temperature region.Although being illustrated only in figure
Two kinds of Cr levels 10% and 20%, but the brittle phase that has been unequivocally established is as Cr level increases and increased trend.It should be noted that
σ phase is not present under 10%Cr, and in the case where two kinds of Cr are horizontal under higher Si content, Cr3The amount of Si phase increases.Therefore, these
Figure shows can there is problem when using about 20% Cr level.
Another number unless expressly stated, otherwise when use term "≤" in the following context " element≤number " or
When " being less than or equal to ", those skilled in the art will know that the lower limit of the range is 0 weight %.In addition, indefinite article " one " is not arranged
Except multiple.
Pass through the further example disclosure of following non-limiting embodiment.
Embodiment
The pilot production melt in vacuum melting furnace.The composition of the test melt is as shown in table 1.
By obtained sample hot rolling and it is processed into the flat bars that cross section is 2mm × 10mm.Then it is cut into 20mm
Long sample, and 800 mesh are ground to SiC paper with ingress of air and burning condition.By some sticks be cut into 200mm long × 3mm ×
The stick of 12mm, to carry out tension test in Zwick/Roell Z100 tensile test apparatus at room temperature.
Exposed and tension test result is shown in Table 1.
The surrender of test sample and fracture strength and elongation at break in standard tensile testing machine, and in table
The result for providing > 3% elongation at break is appointed as " x " in " processable " column.Therefore, " x " expression is easy to hot rolling and in room
The alloy of extension characteristics is shown under temperature.In " oxidation " column, " x " indicates the alloy at 950 DEG C in air and 850
The oxygen enrichment aluminum oxide oxide layer of protectiveness is formed with biomass ash deposit at DEG C.
The composition of table 1- melt and the result for testing machinability and oxidation
(x) value between 3% to 6% elongation is indicated.
Therefore, as can be seen from the above table, the alloy of the disclosure shows good machinability and good oxidisability
Energy.
Fig. 2 a) to Fig. 2 e) disclose sample, the sample is the disclosure (Fig. 2 a) 4783 and Fig. 2 b) 4779) with three kinds it is right
Biomass (sawdust) ash content containing a large amount of potassium is contacted at 850 DEG C than alloy and contacts the polishing section after 50 times 1 hour circulation
Face.Microphoto is shot with JEOL FEG SEM with 1000 times of magnifying powers, and shows the alloy and reference material of the disclosure
Between obvious characteristic advantage.As can be seen that having formed the 3-4 μm thin and protective aluminium oxide of tool on the alloy of the disclosure
Oxide layer (alumina layer), and in stainless steel (2c-11Ni, 21Cr, N, Ce, surplus Fe) and Ni based alloy (2e-Inconel
625:58Ni, 21Cr, 0.4Al, 0.5Si, Mo, Nb, Fe) on form lesser oxygen enrichment chromium (chromium oxide) oxygen of thicker and protectiveness
Change layer, and forms oxidation that is relatively porous and cannot function as protectiveness aluminium oxide in comparison FeCrAl alloy (alloy 4776)
Layer (Fig. 2 d-20Cr, 5Al, 0.04Si, surplus Fe).
It can be seen that from Fig. 2 a-2e and Si, Al and Cr are added according to the scope of the present disclosure will promote down to about 2 weight %
Al it is horizontal and down to forming oxidation aluminium oxide layers under the chromium level of 5 weight %.
Claims (17)
1. a kind of Alfer, the Alfer includes the following element in terms of weight % [wt%]:
C 0.01 to 0.1；
N:0.001 to 0.1；
O :≤0.2；
Cr 4 to 15；
Al 2 to 6；
Si 0.5 to 3；
Mn :≤0.4；
Mo+W≤4；
Y≤1.0；
Sc, Ce and/or La≤0.2；
Zr≤0.40；
RE≤1.0；
Surplus is Fe and the impurity normally occurred, and must also meet following equation (element is in terms of weight fraction):
0.014≤(Al+0.5Si)(Cr+10Si+0.1)≤0.022。
2. Alfer according to claim 1, wherein (element is in terms of weight fraction)
0.015≤(Al+0.5Si)(Cr+10Si+0.1)≤0.021。
3. according to claim 1 or Alfer as claimed in claim 2, wherein
Zr is 0.05-0.40 weight %.
4. Alfer according to any one of claim 1 to 3, wherein
Cr is 5-13 weight %.
5. Alfer according to any one of claim 1 to 4, wherein
Cr is 6-12 weight %.
6. Alfer according to any preceding claims, wherein
Al is 2.5-4.5 weight % or 3-5 weight %.
7. Alfer according to any preceding claims, wherein
Al is 3-4 weight %.
8. Alfer according to any preceding claims, wherein
Si is 1.0-3 weight %.
9. Alfer according to any preceding claims, wherein
Si is 1.5-2.5 weight %.
10. Alfer according to any preceding claims, wherein
Zr is 0.10-0.35 weight %.
11. Alfer according to any preceding claims, wherein the amount of C, N and Zr meet following equation:
12. a kind of coating, the coating includes Alfer according to any preceding claims.
13. a kind of product, the product includes Alfer according to any preceding claims.
14. Alfer according to any one of claim 1 to 11 for manufacture coating and/or coating and/or
The purposes of product.
15. Alfer according to any one of claim 1 to 11 will be used in corrosive environment for manufacturing
The purposes of product or coating.
16. Alfer according to any one of claim 1 to 11 will be used in smelting furnace or be used as add for manufacturing
The product of thermal element or the purposes of coating.
17. Alfer according to any one of claim 1 to 11 is for the purposes in following environment, wherein described
Alfer contacts salt, liquid lead and other metals, contacts ash content or high-carbon content deposit, and combustion atmosphere has low pO2
And/or high N2And/or the active atmosphere of high-carbon.
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| CN110760760A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-02-07 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Preparation method of FeCrAl-based alloy for nuclear reactor structural material |
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| WO2018215065A1 (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2018-11-29 | Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab | Ferritic alloy |
| WO2021043913A1 (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2021-03-11 | Kanthal Ab | A new welding material |
| CN116970873B (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2023-12-15 | 上海核工程研究设计院股份有限公司 | Beryllium-containing ferrite heat-resistant steel and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN101090986A (en) * | 2004-04-28 | 2007-12-19 | 蒂森克鲁普德国联合金属制造有限公司 | Iron-chrome-aluminum alloy |
| JP2009167443A (en) * | 2008-01-11 | 2009-07-30 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | Ferritic stainless steel and manufacturing method therefor |
| CN103842537A (en) * | 2011-06-21 | 2014-06-04 | 奥托昆普德国联合金属制造有限公司 | Heat-resistant iron-chromium-aluminium alloy with low chromium vaporization rate and elevated thermal stability |
| CN104662188A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2015-05-27 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | Ferritic stainless steel |
| CN103060700A (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2013-04-24 | 北京工业大学 | Boride particle reinforced Fe-Cr-Al composite material and its preparation method |
| CN104726778A (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2015-06-24 | 上海大学兴化特种不锈钢研究院 | Rare-earth La containing electrothermal alloy material having excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110760760A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-02-07 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Preparation method of FeCrAl-based alloy for nuclear reactor structural material |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2019516015A (en) | 2019-06-13 |
| DK3445884T3 (en) | 2020-11-30 |
| EP3445884A1 (en) | 2019-02-27 |
| WO2017182188A1 (en) | 2017-10-26 |
| ES2842424T3 (en) | 2021-07-14 |
| BR112018071646A2 (en) | 2019-02-19 |
| EP3445884B1 (en) | 2020-10-07 |
| CN113088830A (en) | 2021-07-09 |
| US20190106774A1 (en) | 2019-04-11 |
| JP2022046521A (en) | 2022-03-23 |
| CA3020420A1 (en) | 2017-10-26 |
| CA3020420C (en) | 2023-08-29 |
| JP7059198B2 (en) | 2022-04-25 |
| BR112018071646B1 (en) | 2022-03-22 |
| PL3445884T3 (en) | 2021-04-19 |
| CN113088830B (en) | 2023-09-01 |
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