CN109066102A - Beam-forming network, sub-antenna array and the two-beam antenna for the railway system - Google Patents
Beam-forming network, sub-antenna array and the two-beam antenna for the railway system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109066102A CN109066102A CN201810695670.8A CN201810695670A CN109066102A CN 109066102 A CN109066102 A CN 109066102A CN 201810695670 A CN201810695670 A CN 201810695670A CN 109066102 A CN109066102 A CN 109066102A
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000010086 Hypertelorism Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010020771 Hypertelorism of orbit Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
- H01Q3/40—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with phasing matrix
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Abstract
The present invention relates to wireless communication technology field, a kind of beam-forming network is disclosed, using the sub-antenna array of the beam-forming network and for the two-beam antenna of the railway system.There are two input port and multiple output ports for beam-forming network tool, it includes that there are two the butler matrixs of input terminal and multiple output ends for tool, the input port of the beam-forming network, the input terminal, the output end of the output port and the butler matrix connect one to one, and gain control module is equipped between one of them described input port and the input terminal being correspondingly connected with.The gain control module realizes the range of decrease regulation that the beam-forming network corresponds to the input port of the butler matrix input terminal, so that different using the sub-antenna array of the beam-forming network and the gain of the wave beam of two directions caused by the two-beam antenna for the railway system, realize the remote elongated zones of high-gain wave cover, the weak coverage hole of low gain wave beam supplement covering short distance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication technology field more particularly to a kind of beam-forming networks, and use the wave beam shape
At the sub-antenna array of network and for the two-beam antenna of the railway system.
Background technique
With constantly improve for high-speed rail transportation network, railway becomes one of essential trip mode of people, and such as
What, which meets communication requirement of the people when taking railroad vehicle, also becomes that wireless communication technique is to be solved important to ask
One of topic.Currently, generally solving covering problem using narrow beam high-gain aerial for elongated zones scenes such as high-speed rails.Such as Fig. 1
It is shown, along the website of antenna base station with high-speed rail at a distance from it is close enough when, two secondary narrow beam high-gain aerials back-to-back and
Being respectively facing the covering of track two sides can meet demand.
However, it is limited in that: in practical application scene, since the site acquisition issues or safety of part scene are asked
Topic, some antennas base station site can not keep closer distance along the line with high-speed rail, as shown in Fig. 2, can make when hypertelorism
At two sectors by-level angle region, there are weak covering problems, and then lead to the interruption of signal of communication, reduce user's
User satisfaction.If more antennas are arranged along the line, it on the one hand will lead to cost increase, on the other hand will lead to extreme case
Under area covered.Therefore, it is urgent to provide a kind of effective schemes, to solve above-mentioned signal covering problem, and are guaranteeing railway edge
While line QoS of customer, the cost and expense of hand labor are reduced, the utilization rate of radio resource is improved, guarantees entire net
The stability of network.
Summary of the invention
The primary purpose of the present invention is that being directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, providing a kind of is to realize that straight line etc. is long and narrow
Signal covers under scene, solves the problems, such as the beam-forming network that weak covering and area covered provide strong support.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a kind of sub-antenna arrays using above-mentioned beam-forming network.
Yet another object of the invention is that providing a kind of double wave for the railway system including the sub-antenna array
Beam antenna.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of beam-forming network, tool there are two input port and multiple output ports, including tool there are two input terminal and
The butler matrix of multiple output ends, the input port, the output port and the Bart of the beam-forming network
The input terminal, the output end for strangling matrix connect one to one, one of them described input port and the institute being correspondingly connected with
It states and is equipped with gain control module between input terminal.
Preferably, the gain control module is to meet to bear with the matching of the impedance matching relationship of the butler matrix
It carries.
Preferably, the beam-forming network is microstrip line or strip lines configuration, wherein the gain control module is to connect
The coupling line on ground is arranged in parallel in an input port and the Bart of corresponding connection of the beam-forming network
Strangle the transmission line between an input terminal of matrix.
Preferably, when electric signal is inputted from the input terminal of the butler matrix, each adjacent institute of butler matrix
State transmission phase difference having the same between output end.
It is described the present invention also provides a kind of sub-antenna array, including multiple linear arrays and above-mentioned beam-forming network
The quantity of linear array is identical as the quantity of output port described in the beam-forming network, each linear array and the wave
Each output port that beam forms network connects one to one, and each linear array includes at least one radiating element.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of two-beam antennas for the railway system comprising above-mentioned sub-antenna array.
Preferably, the sub-antenna array is the interior beam-forming network for being equipped with and being made of gain control module matched load
The first sub-antenna array；The two-beam antenna for the railway system further includes at least one second sub-antenna array, institute
State the beam-forming network for being equipped in the second sub-antenna array and being directly made of butler matrix.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
Beam-forming network provided by the invention is by being arranged gain control before one of input terminal of butler matrix
Molding block realizes the range of decrease regulation that the beam-forming network corresponds to the input port of the butler matrix input terminal,
To which to realize, signal is covered under the long and narrow scenes such as straight line, and it is strong effectively to solve the problems, such as that weak covering and area covered provide
It supports.
Sub-antenna array provided by the invention and two-beam antenna for the railway system are by using including gain control
The beam-forming network of molding block, so that the gain of the wave beam of generated two directions is different, one of wave beam being directed toward
It is influenced by the gain control module and there is lower gain.Antenna is made to generate height by using gain control module
The wave beam of gain realizes the remote elongated zones of high-gain wave cover, a low gain wave beam supplement covering low coverage
From weak coverage hole, and the antenna amount along elongated zones can be effectively reduced, and then avoid area covered problem, and improve
The utilization rates of antenna resources reduces construction, maintenance cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of railway antenna base station system schematic diagram in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is another railway antenna base station system schematic diagram in the prior art；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the beam-forming network of first embodiment provided by the invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the beam-forming network of second embodiment provided by the invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the beam-forming network of 3rd embodiment provided by the invention；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the beam-forming network of fourth embodiment provided by the invention；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the sub-antenna array of one embodiment provided by the invention；
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of the two-beam antenna for the railway system of one embodiment provided by the invention；
Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram of the two-beam antenna for the railway system of another embodiment provided by the invention；
Figure 10 is the Direction Pattern Simulation result figure provided by the present invention for the two-beam antenna of the railway system.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described with exemplary embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing, wherein identical label in attached drawing
All refer to identical component.In addition, if the detailed description of known technology is for showing the invention is characterized in that unnecessary
, then it omits it.
As shown in Figures 3 to 6, the present invention provides one kind, and to realize, signal is covered under the long and narrow scenes such as straight line, is solved weak
The beam-forming network that covering and area covered problem provide strong support.
Fig. 3 shows the beam-forming network 101 of first embodiment of the invention.For the present embodiment, the Wave beam forming
The tool of network 101 there are two input port and four output ports, two input ports be respectively first input port IN1,
Second input port IN2, it is defeated that four output ports distinguish the first output port OUT1, second output terminal mouth OUT2, third
Exit port OUT3 and the 4th output port OUT4.The beam-forming network 101 includes 2 × 4 butler matrixs 1011 and gain
Control module 1012.
2 × 4 butler matrix 1011 is passive six-port network, is had there are two input terminal and four output ends,
Two input terminals are respectively first input end I1, the second input terminal I2, four output ends distinguish the first output end O1,
Second output terminal O2, third output end O3 and the 4th output end O4.The input port of the beam-forming network 101, institute
State the input terminal of output port and the butler matrix 1011, the output end connects one to one, specifically, described
First input port IN1 is correspondingly connected with the first input end I1, the second input port IN2 and second input terminal
I2 is correspondingly connected with, and the first output port OUT1 is correspondingly connected with the first output end O1, the second output terminal mouth
OUT2 is correspondingly connected with the second output terminal O2, and the third output port OUT3 is corresponding with the third output end O3 to be connected
It connects, the 4th output port OUT4 and the 4th output end O4 is correspondingly connected with.Need it is clear that, it is provided by the invention
The quantity of the output port of beam-forming network 101 is not limited by the present embodiment, can be adjusted according to practical application request
The integer for being more than or equal to 2 for 3,5,9 etc., correspondingly, the quantity of the output end of the butler matrix 1011 can be according to actually answering
Quantity identical with the output port of the beam-forming network 101 is adjusted to demand.
When electric signal is inputted from 1011 either end of butler matrix, each adjacent institute of butler matrix 1011
State transmission phase difference having the same between output end.Specifically, defeated from the first of the butler matrix 1011 when electric signal
When entering that I1 is held to input, the second input terminal I2 is isolated, the first output end O1 to the adjacent output between the 4th output end O4
Hold transmission phase difference having the sameWhen electric signal is inputted from the second input terminal I2 of the butler matrix 1011, institute
It states first input end I1 to be isolated, the first output end O1 to the adjacent output end transmission having the same between the 4th output end O4
Phase differenceNormally, butler matrix 1011 is made of devices such as directional coupler and phase shifters, adjacent output end it
Between transmission phase differenceFunction between each output end divides than being determined by the connection structure of each device in butler matrix 1011,
The internal structure of the butler matrix 1011 and its transmission phase difference of output endIt is not done with function point than in the present embodiment
It limits.In other embodiments, the transmission phase difference between the output end of the butler matrix 1011 unequal can also be set
It sets.
The gain control module 1012 is equipped between one of input port and the input terminal being correspondingly connected with.It is right
The gain is equipped between the present embodiment, the second input terminal I2 of the corresponding connection of the second input port IN2
Control module 1012.The gain control module 1012 realizes range of decrease output by degeneration factor, and then realizes and the increasing
The input terminal of the butler matrix 1011 of the output end connection of beneficial control module 1012 is compared without connecting the gain mould
The input terminal range of decrease of block inputs, so as to generate the different wave beam of gain height using the antenna of the beam-forming network 101.
Beam-forming network 101 provided by the invention before one of input terminal of butler matrix 1011 by connecting
Gain control module 1012 realizes the defeated of corresponding 1011 input terminal of butler matrix of the beam-forming network 101
The range of decrease of inbound port regulates and controls, so that signal covers under the long and narrow scenes such as straight line to realize, and effectively solves weak covering and more area is covered
Lid problem provides strong support.
As shown in figure 4, being the beam-forming network 101 of the second embodiment of the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention beam-forming network 101 is similar with first embodiment, and difference is, the output end
There are three mouth is set, accordingly, the output end of the used Butler also is provided with three.The butler matrix of the present embodiment
1011 with the connection structure of the beam-forming network 101 and working principle with it is almost the same described in first embodiment, herein
It repeats no more.
As shown in figure 5, the beam-forming network 101 of the 3rd embodiment for the present embodiment.
For the present embodiment, the beam-forming network 101 is similar with first embodiment, and difference is, the gain
Control module is embodied as matched load 1012, hinders wherein the matched load 1012 and the butler matrix 1011 meet
Anti- matching relationship, to absorb by the signal energy of corresponding input port input, to make signal by beam-forming network 101
When two input port inputs, only corresponding output is never connected with the signal energy of the input port input of the matched load 1012
Amount.The connection structure and working principle and first of the butler matrix 1011 of the present embodiment and the beam-forming network 101
Almost the same described in embodiment, details are not described herein again.
As shown in fig. 6, being the beam-forming network 101 of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
For the present embodiment, the beam-forming network 101 is similar with first embodiment, and difference is, the gain
Control module is embodied as the coupling line 1012 of ground connection.The butler matrix 1011 and the beam-forming network of the present embodiment
101 connection structure and working principle with it is almost the same described in first embodiment, details are not described herein again.
For the present embodiment, the beam-forming network 101 is microstrip line or strip lines configuration.Wherein, the wave beam shape
It is set at the transmission line L2 between the second input terminal I2 of the corresponding connection of the second input port IN2 of network 101
There is the coupling line 1012 of ground connection coupled thereto.It is inputted from the second input port IN2 of the beam-forming network 101
Electric signal is coupled by the coupling line 1012 reduces portion of energy, and then realizes that the butler matrix 1011 is equipped with the coupling
The input terminal of zygonema 1012 compares the input terminal range of decrease input for being not provided with the coupling line 1012, so that using the Wave beam forming
The antenna of network 101 generates the different wave beam of gain height.There are gap between the coupling line 1012 and the transmission line L2,
Size of the coupling amount between the two about the gap, specifically, when between the coupling line 1012 and the transmission line L2
Gap get over hour, coupling amount between the two is bigger, gets over so that coupling reduced energy via the coupling line 1012
It is more, so that realizing that the butler matrix 1011 is compared equipped with the input terminal of the coupling line 1012 is not provided with the coupling line
The range of decrease input of 1012 input terminal becomes apparent.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of sub-antenna arrays 201 comprising multiple linear arrays 2011 and the present invention mention
The beam-forming network 101 of confession.As shown in fig. 7, the sub-antenna array 201 includes four linear arrays for the present embodiment
2011 and aforementioned present invention first, third or fourth embodiment beam-forming network 101.The beam-forming network 101
Structure and its effect are as described in the beam-forming network 101 provided in the above various embodiments, and details are not described herein again.It is described each straight
It include at least one radiating element in linear array 2011, the quantity of the radiating element of each linear array 2011 is at this
In embodiment without limitation.
Four of the input terminal (not indicating) of four linear arrays 2011 and the beam-forming network 101 are described defeated
Exit port OUT1, OUT2, OUT3, OUT4 connect one to one, four output ports of the beam-forming network 101
OUT1, OUT2, OUT3, OUT4 feed the linear array 2011 of corresponding connection.When electric signal is from above
The first input port IN1 of beam-forming network 101 described in one embodiment or fourth embodiment and second input
When port IN2 is inputted, the sub-antenna array 201 can generate two and be differently directed and wave beam that gain is of different sizes.Work as electricity
The first input port IN1 and second input of the signal from beam-forming network 101 described in the above 3rd embodiment
When port IN2 is inputted, since the matched load 1012 is absorbed by the signal energy of corresponding input port input, so that wave beam
Forming network 101, only corresponding output is never connected with the signal energy that the input port of the matched load 1012 inputs, in turn
The sub-antenna array 201 only generates the wave beam of a direction.
The present invention also provides a kind of two-beam antennas 301 for the railway system comprising multiple provided by the invention
The sub-antenna array 201.For the present embodiment, as shown in figure 8, the two-beam antenna 301 for the railway system includes
Five above-mentioned sub-antenna arrays 201, the sub-antenna array 201 use be above-mentioned first embodiment or fourth embodiment wave
Beam forms network (Fig. 8 is not shown).Need it is clear that, the quantity of the sub-antenna array 201 is not by the present embodiment
Limitation, the size of the gain according to needed for antenna in practical application scene are adjusted.When electric signal is from each sub- day
The first input port IN1 and second input terminal of the beam-forming network (Fig. 8 is not shown) in linear array 201
Mouthful IN2 input, and when being input to its corresponding sub-antenna array 201 through the beam-forming network (Fig. 8 is not shown), comprising more
The two-beam antenna 301 for the railway system of a sub-antenna array 201 can generate two and be differently directed and increase
Benefit wave beam of different sizes.
As shown in figure 9, the present invention also provides another two-beam antennas 301 for being used for the railway system comprising at least
One sub-antenna array 201 provided by the invention, the sub-antenna array 201 are that interior be equipped with constitutes gain by matched load
First sub-antenna array 201 of the beam-forming network of control module.Interior be equipped with constitutes gain control module by matched load
Beam-forming network, that is, third embodiment of the invention described in beam-forming network 101, specific structure and working principle this
Place repeats no more.
The two-beam antenna 301 for the railway system further includes at least one second sub-antenna array 202, and described
The beam-forming network being directly made of butler matrix is equipped in two sub-antenna arrays 202.The second sub-antenna array 202
In the butler matrix specific structure and working principle it is as described in the first embodiment of the present invention, details are not described herein again.
When electric signal is inputted from the first input port IN1 of each sub-antenna array and the second input port IN2 respectively, institute
The wave beam of a direction can be generated by stating the first sub-antenna array 201, and the second sub-antenna array 202 then generates two differences and refers to
To, the identical wave beam of gain, and the direction and the direction of wave beam produced by the first sub-antenna array 201 of one of wave beam
Unanimously.By beam superposition, comprising being used for railway described in the first sub-antenna array 201 and the second sub-antenna array 202
The two-beam antenna 301 of system can generate two and be differently directed and wave beam that gain is of different sizes.Need it is clear that, institute
State the first sub-antenna array 201 and the second sub-antenna array 202 in the two-beam antenna 301 for the railway system
Quantity do not limited by the present embodiment, the quantity of the first sub-antenna array 201 and the second sub-antenna array 202
Ratio can be adjusted according to the gain inequality of two wave beams being differently directed when practical application.
As shown in Figure 10, for provided by the present invention for the railway system two-beam antenna 301 Direction Pattern Simulation as a result,
The two-beam antenna 301 for the railway system generates two and is directed toward respectively 30 ° and -30 ° of wave beam, and is oriented to -30 °
Wave beam compare be oriented to 30 ° wave beam have higher gain be specifically oriented to -30 ° of wave beam and maintain 21dBi high
Gain, the wave beam for being oriented to 30 ° obtained after 1012 range of decrease of gain control module regulation only have 14dBi low gain.
Sub-antenna array 201 provided by the invention and two-beam antenna 301 for the railway system are by using including
The beam-forming network 101 of gain control module 1012, so that the gain of the wave beam of generated two directions is different, wherein one
The wave beam of a direction is influenced by the gain control module 1012 and has lower gain.By using gain control module
1012 make antenna generate the wave beam of high low gain, realize the remote elongated zones of high-gain wave cover, one low
The weak coverage hole of gain wave beam supplement covering short distance；And due to the two-beam antenna provided by the present invention for the railway system
301 can efficiently solve the covering problem of signal of communication along elongated zones, without installing more days along elongated zones
Line effectively reduces the antenna amount along elongated zones, and then avoid area covered problem to guarantee that signal of communication covers,
And the utilization rate of antenna resources is improved, reduce construction, maintenance cost.
Although having been illustrated with some exemplary embodiments of the invention above, those skilled in the art will be managed
Solution, in the case where not departing from the principle of the present invention or spirit, can make a change these exemplary embodiments, of the invention
Range is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of beam-forming network, there are two input port and multiple output ports for tool, which is characterized in that including there are two tools
The butler matrix of input terminal and multiple output ends, the input port of the beam-forming network, the output port with
The input terminal, the output end of the butler matrix connect one to one, one of them described input port with it is corresponding
Gain control module is equipped between the input terminal of connection.
2. beam-forming network according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the gain control module be meet with it is described
The matched load of the impedance matching relationship of butler matrix.
3. beam-forming network according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the beam-forming network is micro-strip line or belt
Shape cable architecture, wherein the gain control module is the coupling line of ground connection, is arranged in parallel in the one of the beam-forming network
Transmission line between a input port and an input terminal of the butler matrix of corresponding connection.
4. according to claim 1 to beam-forming network described in 3 any one, which is characterized in that electric signal is from the Bart
When strangling the input terminal input of matrix, transmission phase having the same between each adjacent output end of butler matrix
Difference.
5. a kind of sub-antenna array, which is characterized in that including multiple linear arrays and as Claims 1-4 is described in any item
Beam-forming network, the quantity of the linear array is identical as the quantity of output port described in the beam-forming network, each institute
It states linear array and each output port of the beam-forming network connects one to one, each linear array includes
At least one radiating element.
6. a kind of two-beam antenna for the railway system, which is characterized in that including sub-antenna battle array as claimed in claim 5
Column.
7. the two-beam antenna according to claim 6 for the railway system, which is characterized in that the sub-antenna array is
It is interior to be equipped with the first sub-antenna array that the beam-forming network of gain control module is made of matched load；
The two-beam antenna for the railway system further includes at least one second sub-antenna array, the second sub-antenna battle array
The beam-forming network being directly made of butler matrix is equipped in column.
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| CN201810695670.8A CN109066102A (en) | 2018-06-29 | 2018-06-29 | Beam-forming network, sub-antenna array and the two-beam antenna for the railway system |
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| CN201810695670.8A CN109066102A (en) | 2018-06-29 | 2018-06-29 | Beam-forming network, sub-antenna array and the two-beam antenna for the railway system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109638476A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-16 | 华南理工大学 | Feeding network and two-beam antenna |
| CN114390534A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2022-04-22 | 中国移动通信集团设计院有限公司 | Beam pattern determination method, beam pattern determination device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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