CN100455075C - Realizing apparatus for space multi-wave beam feed network - Google Patents
Realizing apparatus for space multi-wave beam feed network Download PDFInfo
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- CN100455075C CN100455075C CNB031318274A CN03131827A CN100455075C CN 100455075 C CN100455075 C CN 100455075C CN B031318274 A CNB031318274 A CN B031318274A CN 03131827 A CN03131827 A CN 03131827A CN 100455075 C CN100455075 C CN 100455075C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a realizing apparatus for a space multi-wave beam feed network. A Butler matrix is set between a wave beam port and an antenna port and signal power provided by each wave beam port of a wave beam forming device is uniformly distributed on the antenna port to excite each narrow main wave beam and a plurality of wave beam terminals are excited at the same time by phase shift signals to produce a wide wave beam. One wave beam forming device is only used for producing a plurality of narrow wave beams and one wide wave beam at the same time so that the present invention can realize the narrow wave beams used in a third generation mobile communication system, can reduce interference, and can improve frequency using efficiency. A 90-degree electric bridge with three branches and three decibels is used as a base unit of the Butler matrix to greatly enhance electric performance and the feed network uses a microstrip circuit way processed by a printed circuit making way so that the present invention has simple technology and good consistency. All wave beam forming networks are integrated on a microstrip board so that the present invention is easily processed and is suitable for mass production.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of feeding network, particularly a kind of implement device that forms the spacing multi-beam feeding network belongs to the mobile communication technology field.
Background technology:
Mobile communication is one of communication field of current with fastest developing speed, most widely used and forefront.The final goal of mobile communication be realize anyone can be in any place, carry out communicating by letter of any way with all other men any time.Scholarly forecast is arranged, and global mobile subscriber's quantity will reach 1,000,000,000 by 2003.Along with mobile subscriber's rapid growth and user improving constantly to the communication need of video and high-speed data, how to utilize limited frequency resource to greatest extent, increasing user capacity to greatest extent is the key issue that mobile communication presses for solution, and FDMA, TDMA, CDMA adopt different multi-access modes to enlarge several effective mode of frequency service efficiency, increase user capacity.Third generation mobile Study on Technology exploitation is purpose to satisfy people to video, high-speed data and bigger demands such as user capacity just.
Intelligent antenna technology is one of core technology of third generation mobile, and it is different from conventional antenna for base station technology.In order to improve electromagnetic utilance, this technology is utilized the phased array radar principle, adopts multichannel array antenna and special feeding network, and the conventional antenna of the front-to-back ratio of antenna is stronger, antenna beam is narrower, can accomplish directionally to transmit and receive.And when the user location position change, the beam position of antenna also changes thereupon.Wave beam narrows down and means in the scope that the wave beam in conventional base station covers, and can have some narrow beams simultaneously, and the utilance of frequency can be greatly improved.
In mobile system, the channel of base station comprise and the mobile subscriber between transferring voice or other types data Traffic Channel and transmit the control channel of dissimilar control informations.Traffic Channel transmits the point-to-point information between base station and the mobile subscriber, the base station uses other control channel to communicate with all mobile subscribers in sector location simultaneously, this just requires the antenna of base station at horizontal plane fully wide wave beam to be arranged, so that cover described whole sector.
Point-to-point information is identical to the wave band requirement of passage with point-to-multipoint information to the wave band requirement of passage, and in present system, two above-mentioned functions can use the antenna of a common sector to realize; Simultaneously, point-to-point information there is no need all mobile subscriber's emissions in this sector, for a certain specific mobile subscriber, as long as can information is just enough for its use, so the base station can have antenna concentrated area transmitting power on desired direction of narrow beam antenna pattern by use.
For antenna, wave beam narrows down and means that antenna gain will increase.Reciprocity according to antenna system, then will obtain a corresponding increase of receiver sensitivity when being used to receive, can use the power requirement that increases operating distance and reduction base station and mobile subscriber's transmitter with receiver sensitivity of concentrating of transmitting power in the direction that requires.Owing to can reduce the spacing that channel frequence re-uses with the method, the also available the method for mobile system total capacity is improved.
A kind of intelligible mode that can produce some narrow beams simultaneously is: use a Butler (Butler) matrix to be connected to aerial array.Butler matrix is complete passive and circuit reciprocity, and this circuit comprises some directional couplers and phase-shifting element.Your matrix of Bart that is used for an antenna of N unit has a corresponding N input port and output port, and therefore can produce a corresponding N narrow beam; Wherein, N is a positive integer, is generally 2 positive integer power.For butler matrix, its any one input add a signal will certain specific output at this matrix on basic identical but the signal that phase place is different of generation amplitude, certain combination of phase place on the corresponding output of each input, this phase combination is activated at the narrow beam that will produce a specific direction on the antenna.Because antenna and butler matrix are reciprocity fully, so this system both can be used as emission, also can be used as reception.
Use can obtain one group of narrow beam by a butler matrix feed antennas; Wherein, each independent antenna pattern is to having zero point on each angle of indicating a maximum power at other antenna pattern, the narrow beam that meets this standard is called as mutually orthogonal, knows in advance thereby use the butler matrix of same antenna array combination to obtain one group of narrow beam itself.
British patent specification GB 2169453 discloses the method that a kind of aerial array produces many narrow beams and a broad beam, and narrow beam has different directions, and broad beam covers the same area that all narrow beams cover together.This method is used the electromagnetic lens of the graceful type of rood with parallel-plate, one side of lens is provided with many beam ports, its opposite side is provided with many antenna ports, each antenna port is connected to a antenna element in the aerial array by amplification module, and each beam port is equivalent to a narrow beam in the prior art.Lens are equipped with independent connection in addition, its position on lens can be regulated, the geometric distance of adjusting to antenna port distributes the signal power that is added to this connection according to certain way on antenna port, promptly make to produce a wide wave beam by this aerial array.A kind of like this electromagnetic lens be the space big and valuable element, obtain not too easily on the market.Same this broad beam, situation as discussed above is such, obtains the antenna gain lower than narrow beam, need add independent amplification measure to this wave beam, otherwise its operating distance can be more much lower than narrow beam.
As mentioned above, communication system wishes can realize producing simultaneously many narrow beams and a broad beam with an equipment, broad beam covers the same area that single narrow beam is covered together basically, to reach enough distances to desired broad beam function, the scope of this broad beam must be basically identical with narrow beam, compare with the broad beam function, narrow beam has higher antenna gain; In the past, meeting these requirements is difficult problems.
Summary of the invention:
Main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of implement device of spacing multi-beam feeding network, uses identical wave beam forming device to obtain producing simultaneously a plurality of narrow beams and a regional identical broad beam that is covered together with this narrow beam basically.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of implement device of spacing multi-beam feeding network, obtain being used for the third generation mobile antenna system, the equipment that the communication between base station and the travelling carriage can be carried out on narrow beam.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of implement device of spacing multi-beam feeding network, this device comprises at least: aerial array, butler matrix and wave beam forming device; Wherein, this butler matrix is arranged between the antenna port of the beam port of wave beam forming device and aerial array, be used for the signal power that each beam port of wave beam forming device provides is evenly distributed in the antenna port of aerial array, the antenna port of active antenna array produces each narrow main beam, and encourage a plurality of wave beam ends simultaneously with corresponding phase shift signalling, produce a wide wave beam.
This aerial array is made up of 4 antenna elements, and by the multiple beam forming network feed; This butler matrix comprises first group of three decibels, 90 degree electric bridges, second group of three decibels 90 degree electric bridge at least, and an end of these first group of three decibels, 90 degree electric bridges is connected with antenna element, and the other end is connected to second group of three decibels, 90 degree electric bridges; This second group of three decibels, 90 degree electric bridges, one end is connected with beam port, and the other end is connected to first group of three decibels, 90 degree electric bridges; This butler matrix also comprises phase-shifting element fixing more than, and this phase-shifting element is located at first group of three decibels, 90 degree electric bridges and second group of three decibels 90 spent between the electric bridges; Described these three decibels 90 degree electric bridges are three detail directional couplers.
Described wave beam forming device is that merit is divided synthetic network, and its upward signal links to each other with receiver, and downstream signal is connected to the corresponding beam port of beam port by input port and synthesizer.
The present invention has following advantage:
1) only produced a plurality of narrow beams and a broad beam simultaneously with a wave beam forming device.
2) it can be implemented in the narrow wave beam of use in the third generation mobile system, can reduce to disturb and improve the service efficiency of frequency.
3) adopt the elementary cell of three minor matters three decibels, 90 degree electric bridges as butler matrix, electric property improves a lot than two minor matters three decibels, 90 degree electric bridge forms.
4) feeding network adopts the microstrip circuit mode to realize that can utilize the printed circuit production method to process, technology is simple, high conformity; And all beam-forming networks concentrate on the little band plate, are easy to processing and production in enormous quantities.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a principle calcspar of the present invention.
The antenna pattern that Fig. 2 obtains for system shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the connection diagram between aerial array of the present invention, wave beam forming device and the butler matrix.
Fig. 4 is the profile schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is the signal graph of the antenna pattern of embodiment shown in Fig. 1,2 and 3.
Fig. 6 is the signal graph of the broad beam function of embodiment shown in Fig. 1,2 and 3.
Embodiment:
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment.
Referring to Fig. 1 a wave beam forming device 10 is described, comprises by 4 antenna elements 131,132,133,134 aerial arrays of forming 13, butler matrix 12 and 4 beam ports 111,112,113,114, the array antenna spacing is d, butler matrix 12 comprises 4 antenna ports 121,122,123,124, each antenna port is connected to antenna element 131,132,133,134.
Fig. 2 illustrates the main radiation direction figure of this wave beam forming device 10, and this wave beam forming device is configured to produce 4 partly overlapping narrow beams 211,212,213,214.Encourage this beam port to produce a signal distributions to each beam port on this antenna port individually, this signal distributions correspondence is at the narrow beam of an assigned direction from this aerial array.By the preferred embodiments of the present invention, these narrow beams 211,212,213,214 will be quadratures, therefore, have each angle of maximum power for other antenna patterns, each individually the antenna pattern of narrow beam have zero point.
Fig. 3 represents butler matrix 12 in more detail, between beam port 111,112,113,114 and antenna port 131,132,133,134, butler matrix 12 comprises as understanding in the prior art: 3221,3222, the second groups of three decibels of first group of three decibels 90 degree electric bridge, 90 degree electric bridges 3241,3242; According to said method, make each beam port 111,112,113,114 be connected to each antenna port 131,132,133,134.The signal power that provides on a port of this beam port will be evenly distributed on this antenna port basically.This butler matrix also comprises fixing phase-shifting element 3231,3232, and the bandwidth of butler matrix depends on the enforcement with phase-shifting element chosen of three decibels 90 degree bridge design minor matters numbers.The three decibels 90 degree electric bridges of the embodiment of the invention are selected three detail directional couplers for use, and bandwidth meets the bandwidth requirement of third generation mobile smart antenna fully.The definition regulation of butler matrix the definite relation in the beam port of this matrix and the antenna port.Butler matrix 12 divides synthetic network 33 to link to each other with merit, 3321,3322,3323,3324 is power splitters of four one-to-two, upward signal 3331,3332,3333,3334 links to each other with receiver, downstream signal and 336 ports join, by synthesizer 335,3341,3342 and 3321,3322,3323,3324, arrive beam port 3311,3312,3313,3314 and enter butler matrix 12, finish the emission of signal then by the antenna emission.
Shown in Figure 4 is exactly a specific embodiment of the nucleus equipment butler matrix 12 of multiple beam forming network, 131,132,133,134 is four antenna ports, join with four antenna elements, 111,112,113,114 is four signal ports, joins by connected mode and the transceiver of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the signal graph of the radiating pattern of the above embodiment in conjunction with Fig. 1,2 and 3 expressions of expression.S represents signal strength signal intensity in this signal, measure by decibel, and θ represents an angle of relative vertical antenna array direction.4 radiation functions of explanation in this signal graph, each is by narrow beam 211,212, and 213,214 and a plurality of side lobe characteristics lower than narrow beam amplitude.In Fig. 1, one the excitation of wave beam excitation end that is expressed as 111,112,113,114 butler matrix is corresponding to the narrow beam 211,212,213,214 with the relevant secondary lobe that leaves this aerial array 13.As shown in Figure 5, because butler matrix produces the antenna pattern of quadrature, there are a plurality of angles.In this angle, have the null value all 4 radiation substantially and work except one.
Fig. 6 is description taken in conjunction Fig. 1, the signal graph of the broad beam function of the embodiment of 2 and 3 expressions, when being expressed as among Fig. 1 that all 4 beam ports of 111,112,113,114 distribute mutually with the width of cloth equably and such phase relation is discussed is encouraged in conjunction with Fig. 1, then obtain a wide wave beam 210, it cover basically with Fig. 5 in 211,212,213,214 angular ranges that covered together are identical.
Antenna element makes antenna form a plurality of narrow beams that join by a multiple beam forming network feed, and each narrow beam covers certain sub-spatial domain, and entire antenna covers certain spatial domain.A plurality of antennas can be realized the covering in whole spatial domain.It has increased traffic capacity greatly, has suppressed interference effectively, and coverage is flexible, is connected with existing base station easily.While the method for the invention and device, adopt printed circuit board, utilize light to paint the technology processing mode, significantly reduced the production cycle, reduced debugging difficulty, reduce the antenna system cost, can produce the smart antenna product that satisfies the 3G mobile communication standard (WCDMA and CDMA2000) rapidly in enormous quantities.The test of third generation mobile core technology---intelligent antenna technology and commercial production can provide high-quality voice, video and high-speed data service for the user better.
It should be noted that at last: above embodiment only in order to the explanation the present invention and and unrestricted technical scheme described in the invention; Therefore, although this specification has been described in detail the present invention with reference to each above-mentioned embodiment,, those of ordinary skill in the art should be appreciated that still and can make amendment or be equal to replacement the present invention; And all do not break away from the technical scheme and the improvement thereof of the spirit and scope of the present invention, and it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of implement device of spacing multi-beam feeding network is characterized in that: this device comprises at least: aerial array, butler matrix and wave beam forming device; Wherein, this butler matrix is arranged between the antenna port of the beam port of wave beam forming device and aerial array, be used for the signal power that each beam port of wave beam forming device provides is evenly distributed in the antenna port of aerial array, the antenna port of active antenna array produces each narrow main beam, and encourage a plurality of wave beam ends simultaneously with corresponding phase shift signalling, produce a wide wave beam.
2, the realization of spacing multi-beam feeding network according to claim 1 is characterized in that: this aerial array is made up of 4 antenna elements, and by the multiple beam forming network feed.
3, the implement device of spacing multi-beam feeding network according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: this butler matrix comprises first group of three decibels, 90 degree electric bridges, second group of three decibels 90 degree electric bridge at least, one end of these first group of three decibels, 90 degree electric bridges is connected with antenna element, and the other end is connected to second group of three decibels, 90 degree electric bridges; This second group of three decibels, 90 degree electric bridges, one end is connected with beam port, and the other end is connected to first group of three decibels, 90 degree electric bridges.
4, the implement device of spacing multi-beam feeding network according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: this butler matrix also comprises phase-shifting element fixing more than, and this phase-shifting element is located at first group of three decibels, 90 degree electric bridges and second group of three decibels 90 spent between the electric bridges.
5, according to the implement device of claim 3 or 4 described spacing multi-beam feeding networks, it is characterized in that: described these three decibels 90 degree electric bridges are three detail directional couplers.
6, the implement device of spacing multi-beam feeding network according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described wave beam forming device is that merit is divided synthetic network, its upward signal links to each other with receiver, and downstream signal is connected to the corresponding beam port of beam port by input port and synthesizer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031318274A CN100455075C (en) | 2003-06-05 | 2003-06-05 | Realizing apparatus for space multi-wave beam feed network |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031318274A CN100455075C (en) | 2003-06-05 | 2003-06-05 | Realizing apparatus for space multi-wave beam feed network |
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| CN1553725A CN1553725A (en) | 2004-12-08 |
| CN100455075C true CN100455075C (en) | 2009-01-21 |
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| CNB031318274A Expired - Fee Related CN100455075C (en) | 2003-06-05 | 2003-06-05 | Realizing apparatus for space multi-wave beam feed network |
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Families Citing this family (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7839235B2 (en) | 2007-05-24 | 2010-11-23 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Feed network device, antenna feeder subsystem, and base station system |
| JP2010010966A (en) * | 2008-06-25 | 2010-01-14 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Radio communication device, and signal transmission method in mimo radio communication |
| CN102064379B (en) * | 2010-07-29 | 2013-08-28 | 摩比天线技术（深圳）有限公司 | Electric tilt antenna and base station |
| WO2012095056A2 (en) | 2012-03-05 | 2012-07-19 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna system |
| EP2827449B1 (en) | 2012-03-20 | 2023-10-04 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Antenna device and system |
| KR101392073B1 (en) | 2012-04-20 | 2014-05-07 | 후아웨이 테크놀러지 컴퍼니 리미티드 | Antenna, base station and beam processing method |
| CN102801455B (en) | 2012-07-31 | 2015-12-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | Wave beam method for generating codebooks, beam search method and relevant apparatus |
| CN102959796B (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2015-04-08 | 华为技术有限公司 | Modulized antenna device and configuring medhod thereof |
| EP2706613B1 (en) | 2012-09-11 | 2017-11-22 | Alcatel Lucent | Multi-band antenna with variable electrical tilt |
| CN103107835B (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2015-09-09 | 华为技术有限公司 | Poewr control method and device, beam forming equipment |
| CN104577356B (en) * | 2013-10-12 | 2018-05-29 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna system and base station |
| CN103594802B (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2015-11-18 | 天津中兴智联科技有限公司 | A kind of Butler matrix structure |
| CN105390824B (en) | 2015-12-14 | 2018-06-19 | 华为技术有限公司 | Cleave the feeding network of antenna and splitting antenna |
| CN106711622B (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2023-09-01 | 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 | Antenna array and antenna |
| CN108054514A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-05-18 | 江苏亨鑫科技有限公司 | A kind of antenna system of two-dimensional radiation directional diagram reconstructable |
| CN109167172A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2019-01-08 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of broadband Butler matrix based on microstrip structure |
| CN114765311A (en) | 2020-08-27 | 2022-07-19 | 康普技术有限责任公司 | Base station antenna system |
| EP3994806A4 (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2023-04-26 | CommScope Technologies LLC | Beamforming antennas that share radio ports across multiple columns |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2169453A (en) * | 1984-12-31 | 1986-07-09 | Raytheon Co | Radio frequency antenna system |
| EP0786826A2 (en) * | 1996-01-29 | 1997-07-30 | He Holdings, Inc. Dba Hughes Electronics | Intermodulation scattering communications apparatus |
| GB2324912A (en) * | 1994-04-18 | 1998-11-04 | Int Mobile Satellite Org | Beam forming network |
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2003
- 2003-06-05 CN CNB031318274A patent/CN100455075C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2169453A (en) * | 1984-12-31 | 1986-07-09 | Raytheon Co | Radio frequency antenna system |
| GB2324912A (en) * | 1994-04-18 | 1998-11-04 | Int Mobile Satellite Org | Beam forming network |
| EP0786826A2 (en) * | 1996-01-29 | 1997-07-30 | He Holdings, Inc. Dba Hughes Electronics | Intermodulation scattering communications apparatus |
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