CN109066080A - A kind of antenna house, antenna structure and radio-based electronic devices - Google Patents
A kind of antenna house, antenna structure and radio-based electronic devices Download PDFInfo
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- CN109066080A CN109066080A CN201810891596.7A CN201810891596A CN109066080A CN 109066080 A CN109066080 A CN 109066080A CN 201810891596 A CN201810891596 A CN 201810891596A CN 109066080 A CN109066080 A CN 109066080A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/29—Combinations of different interacting antenna units for giving a desired directional characteristic
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Abstract
It includes: antenna house that the present invention, which provides a kind of antenna house, antenna structure and radio-based electronic devices, antenna structure,;And the radiator on the inside of antenna house;Wherein, (n-1) * λ1/2<H1<n*λ1/ 2, H1Indicate the thickness of antenna house, λ1Indicate propagation wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of radiator transmitting in antenna house, n is positive integer;And/or L=a*b* λ0, the line segment length of medial surface of the L expression center line from the radiating surface of radiator to antenna house, center line is the straight line perpendicular to the radiating surface of radiator, λ0Indicate that the aerial propagation wavelength of electromagnetic wave with radiator transmitting, a indicate parameter preset, b is positive integer.The directionality and gain effect of electromagnetic wave beam can be enhanced in this way, with compensation electromagnetic wave wireless transmission loss, and reach longer radio transmission distance, to promote the overall performance of antenna structure, and area needed for conventional design can be reduced and circuit complexity and corresponding cost, to promote the competitiveness of product entirety.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to radio transmission technical field more particularly to a kind of antenna houses, antenna structure and radio-based electronic devices.
Background technique
Millimeter wave makes millimeter wave since it is with high-speed information transmittability caused by big bandwidth and high image analytic degree
With become increasingly popular with it is important.However, the working frequency due to millimeter wave is higher, millimeter wave passes during wireless transmission
It is higher to broadcast loss, and keeps radio transmission distance shorter, therefore often practical application need to be presented with array manner, to reach higher day
Line gain to overcome high propagation loss, and reaches longer propagation distance.In addition, actually being answered to reach good imaging effect
With also tending to present with millimeter wave antenna array manner, to improve the directionality and maximum gain of wave beam.However, in same day
Under line unit form, the aerial array that form high-gain generally requires more antenna element, thus can make space, cost,
Rise with system design complexity, and causes to form challenge to the ensemble vote power of product.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of antenna house, antenna structure and radio-based electronic devices, in the prior art to solve
Millimeter wave propagation loss during radiating wireless transmission is higher, and makes the shorter problem of radio transmission distance.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of antenna structures, comprising:
Antenna house;
And the radiator on the inside of the antenna house;
Wherein, (n-1) * λ1/2<H1<n*λ1/ 2, the H1Indicate the thickness of the antenna house, the λ1Indicate the radiation
Propagation wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of body transmitting in the antenna house, n is positive integer;
And/or L=a*b* λ0, the L expression center line is from the radiating surface of the radiator to the inside of the antenna house
The line segment length in face, the center line are the straight line perpendicular to the radiating surface of the radiator, the λ0It indicates and the radiation
The aerial propagation wavelength of electromagnetic wave of body transmitting, a indicate parameter preset, and b is positive integer.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of radio-based electronic devices, including above-mentioned antenna structure.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of antenna houses, are applied to antenna structure, and the radiator of the antenna structure
Positioned at the inside of the antenna house, wherein (n-1) * λ1/2<H1<n*λ1/ 2, the H1Indicate the thickness of the antenna house, it is described
λ1Indicate propagation wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the radiator transmitting in the antenna house, n is positive integer.
In this way, in the embodiment of the present invention, by by the thickness design of antenna house at Thickness section [(n-1) * λ1/ 2,
n*λ1/ 2] thickness in, and/or will be perpendicular to the straight line of the radiating surface of the radiator, from the radiating surface of the radiator to
The line segment length value of the medial surface of the antenna house is special value (a*b* λ0), the directionality of electromagnetic wave beam can be enhanced
And gain effect and reaches longer radio transmission distance with compensation electromagnetic wave in the loss of wireless transmission, to promote antenna
The overall performance of structure.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, needed in being described below to the embodiment of the present invention
Attached drawing to be used is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention,
For those of ordinary skill in the art, without any creative labor, it can also obtain according to these attached drawings
Obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is one of the structural schematic diagram of antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the second structural representation of antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the third structural representation of antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the four of the structural schematic diagram of antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on this hair
Embodiment in bright, every other implementation obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts
Example, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of antenna structure, comprising:
Antenna house 10;
And the radiator 20 positioned at 10 inside of antenna house;
Wherein, (n-1) * λ1/2<H1<n*λ1/ 2, the H1Indicate the thickness of the antenna house 10, the λ1Indicate the spoke
Propagation wavelength of the electromagnetic wave that beam 20 emits in the antenna house 10, n is positive integer;
And/or L=a*b* λ0, the L expression center line is from the radiating surface of the radiator 20 to the antenna house 10
The line segment length of medial surface, the center line are the straight line perpendicular to the radiating surface of the radiator 20, the λ0Expression and institute
The aerial propagation wavelength of electromagnetic wave of the transmitting of radiator 20 is stated, a indicates parameter preset, and b is positive integer.
In the present embodiment, in L=a*b* λ0In, λ0Indicate the aerial biography of electromagnetic wave emitted with radiator 20
Broadcast wavelength, i.e. free space wavelength corresponding to the working frequency of antenna structure;A indicates parameter preset.Generally make a day knot
The best performance of structure, the value of a are preferably 0.5, i.e., by determining the value of L in 0.5 λ0B times, to promote antenna structure
Radiation effect.B is positive integer, and the value of b is related with the practical application scene of the antenna structure.
Wherein it is possible to pass through formula λ0=C/f calculates free space wave corresponding to the working frequency of the antenna structure
It is long, in formula, λ0Indicate free space wavelength, C indicates that the light velocity, f indicate the working frequency of the antenna structure.
Wherein, due to the thickness H when antenna house 101For λ1Half-wavelength or half-wavelength integral multiple when, radiator 20 send out
The electromagnetic wave penetrated is most strong in the penetration capacity of antenna house 10, therefore by the thickness H of antenna house 101Value interval be set as [(n-
1)*λ1/ 2, n* λ1/ 2], n is positive integer, the electromagnetism that the electromagnetic wave being reflected back by antenna house 10 and radiator 20 can be made to give off
Wave is overlapped, and enhances the directionality and gain effect of electromagnetic wave beam, with loss of the compensation electromagnetic wave in wireless transmission, and
Reach longer radio transmission distance, to promote the overall performance of antenna structure.
Wherein, the thickness H of antenna house 101Value interval can be (0, λ1/2)、(λ1/ 2, λ1)、(λ1, 3 λ1/ 2), with this
Analogize, until [(n-1) * λ1/ 2, n* λ1/ 2], n is positive integer.
Wherein, propagation wavelength X of the electromagnetic wave that radiator 20 emits in antenna house 101Calculating and antenna house 10 Jie
Electric constant is related, and conversion process is as follows:
λ1=λ0/(ε1 0.5)
Wherein, ε1Indicate the dielectric constant of antenna house 10, λ0Indicate freely empty corresponding to the working frequency of the antenna structure
Between wavelength.
Wherein, antenna house 10 is main in the antenna structure plays protection antenna system (radiator 20, feed 30 etc.) from outer
The works that portion's environment influences, the effect of external adverse circumstances can be amenable in mechanical performance, can be provided for antenna system
Stable working environment, and there is qualified electromagenetic wave radiation characteristic and lower electromagnetic loss in electric property.Wherein, antenna house
10 preferably non-conductor, non-magnetic materials are made, and have qualified electromagenetic wave radiation characteristic and lower electromagnetic loss.
In the present embodiment, by by the thickness H of antenna house 101Value is that value interval is [(n-1) * λ1/ 2, n* λ1/
When numerical value within 2], the electromagnetic wave that the electromagnetic wave being reflected back by antenna house 10 can be made to give off with radiator 20 is folded
Add, enhance the directionality and gain effect of electromagnetic wave beam, with loss of the compensation electromagnetic wave in wireless transmission, and reaches longer
Radio transmission distance, to promote the overall performance of antenna structure.
For the radiance for further promoting antenna structure, the thickness H of antenna house 101It can be with 0.25 λ1As benchmark thickness
Degree, and be 0.24 λ according to root thickness progress optimization design appropriate, such as by the thickness design of antenna house 101Or 0.26
λ1;It can also be by 0.25 λ1Positive odd number be used as the root thickness of antenna house 10 again, such as by 0.75 λ1Or 1.25 λ1Deng definition
For the root thickness of antenna house 10, and optimization design appropriate is carried out according to root thickness.
Wherein, which further includes the feed 30 that one end is connect with the radiator 20, the feed 30 it is another
End is connect with ground wire.The radiating surface of the radiator 20 and the medial surface of the antenna house 10 are oppositely arranged, and radiator 20
There is gap, the width in the gap and the working frequency of antenna structure have between radiating surface and the medial surface of the antenna house 10
It closes.
In the present embodiment, by by center line from the radiating surface of the radiator 20 to the inside of the antenna house 10
Line segment length (L) value in face is special value (a*b* λ0), so that the electromagnetic wave for emitting radiator 20 can in loss tangent
The directionality and gain effect of electromagnetic wave beam in received situation, can be promoted, may also reach up higher resolution at
As effect, and promote the overall performance of antenna structure.
It should be noted that millimeter wave is since it is with high-speed information transmittability caused by big bandwidth and high video recording analysis
Degree, make millimeter wave utilization become increasingly popular with it is important.However, the working frequency due to millimeter wave is higher, millimeter wave is in nothing
Propagation loss is higher in line transmission process, and keeps radio transmission distance shorter, therefore often practical application need to be presented with array manner,
To reach higher antenna gain, to overcome high propagation loss, and reach longer propagation distance.In addition, to reach good
Imaging effect, also tends in practical application with the presentation of millimeter wave antenna array manner, to improve the directionality of wave beam and most increase
Benefit.
Antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention can use the antenna structure of millimeter wave, by extremely wide using millimeter wave
Big wide bandwidth caused by high-speed information transmittability and high image analytic degree, thus effectively promoted antenna structure communication effect
Rate.However, due to the high working frequency of millimeter wave, so that millimeter wave propagation loss during radiation transmission is higher, passes
It is shorter to broadcast distance.It, can be by Antenna Construction Design at millimeter wave antenna array, enhancing for the radiation efficiency for promoting millimeter wave antenna
The directionality and gain effect of the electromagnetic wave beam of antenna structure radiation, to reduce millimeter wave in the loss of transmission, and reach compared with
Long propagation distance, and reach the imaging effect of higher resolution, to promote the overall performance of antenna structure.
In this way, the quantity of millimeter wave antenna array can also be reduced on the basis of meeting antenna structure performance, to drop
Space, cost and the system design complexity of low antenna structure, promote the competitiveness of product.
Moreover, by that at millimeter wave antenna array, antenna structure can also be made to sweep in progress wave beam Antenna Construction Design
It retouches or when beam forming, there is preferable radiance in a plurality of directions, to reduce wireless coverage blind area.Wherein, this hair
The needs of antenna structure that bright embodiment provides can also meet double frequency perhaps multifrequency millimeter wave works is to promote double frequency or more
The working performance of frequency millimeter wave antenna structure.
It as shown in Figures 2 and 3, can be by antenna house 10 if radiator 20 can carry out beam scanning or beam forming
The geometric shape for setting orthogonal with electromagnetic wave beam (dotted line frame in diagram) that radiator 20 radiates that shape is designed to.Specifically
, correspond to each electromagnetic wave beam, can be set corresponding subelement on antenna house 10, and each subelement preferably with
The orthogonal setting of corresponding electromagnetic wave beam, that is, allow each subelement that can pass perpendicularly through the center of electromagnetic wave beam.Wherein,
It can be by the configuration design of antenna house 10 at curved surface or cambered surface, to coat radiator 20.
It should be noted that in the present embodiment, between the radiating surface of radiator 20 and the medial surface of antenna house 10
Gap L needs to meet L=a*b* λ0, so that radiator 20 emit electromagnetic wave in the case where loss tangent can receive, can
To promote the directionality and gain effect of electromagnetic wave beam, the imaging effect of higher resolution may also reach up, and promote antenna
The overall performance of structure.
As shown in figure 4, antenna house 10 includes the different subregion of at least two thickness, wherein at least two thickness are different
Subregion include the different first area 11 of thickness and second area 12, the position that first area 11 and second area 12 connect
Avoiding space can be formed, to meet the mounting arrangement of other function device, reinforcement structure can also be formed in first area 11,
The structural strength of antenna house 10 is promoted, and antenna house 10 is allow to play better protective effect, it can be with extension antenna cover 10
Service life.
Wherein, first area 11 and 12 dielectric constant of second area may be the same or different, but 11 He of first area
The thickness of second area 12 requires the Thickness range for meeting antenna house 10, can make the electromagnetism being reflected back by antenna house 10
The electromagnetic wave that wave gives off with radiator 20 is overlapped, and enhances the directionality and gain effect of electromagnetic wave beam, to compensate electricity
Loss of the magnetic wave in wireless transmission, and reach longer radio transmission distance, to promote the overall performance of antenna structure.
For example, in the case that the dielectric constant of first area 11 is less than the dielectric constant of second area 12, first area
11 thickness range is in [(n-1) * λ1/ 2, n* λ1/ 2] in, so that antenna house 10 forms avoiding space in the position of second area 12
(such as evacuation groove, and the inside that groove can be located at antenna house is avoided, and the outside of antenna house can also be located at, it can also be
Inside and outside are respectively formed evacuation groove), to meet the mounting arrangement of other function device.
Wherein, propagation wavelength X of the electromagnetic wave that radiator 20 emits in second area 122Calculating and second area 12
Dielectric constant it is related, conversion process it is as follows:
λ2=λ0/(ε2 0.5)
Wherein, ε2Indicate the dielectric constant of second area 12, λ0Indicate freedom corresponding to the working frequency of the antenna structure
Space wavelength.Have above-mentioned formula it is found that due to second area 12 permittivity ε2Greater than the permittivity ε of antenna house 101, because
This λ2<λ1。
Wherein, the value interval of the thickness of second area 12 is [(m-1) * λ2/ 2, m* λ2/ 2], H2Indicate second area 12
Thickness, the λ1Indicate propagation wavelength of the electromagnetic signal in second area 12 that radiator 20 emits, m is positive integer, and H2
<H1。
Wherein, the thickness H of second area 122Value interval can be (0, λ2/2)、(λ2/ 2, λ2)、(λ2, 3 λ2/ 2), with
This analogizes, until [(m-1) * λ2/ 2, m* λ2/ 2], m is positive integer.
For the radiance for further promoting antenna structure, the thickness H of second area 122It can be with 0.25 λ1As benchmark
Thickness, and be 0.24 λ according to root thickness progress optimization design appropriate, such as by the thickness design of second area 121Or
0.26λ1;It can also be by 0.25 λ1Positive odd number be used as the root thickness of second area 12 again, such as by 0.75 λ1Or 1.25 λ1
Optimization design appropriate is carried out etc. the root thickness for being defined as second area 12, and according to root thickness.
For example, H2It can be with value for 0.24 λ2, H1It can be with value for 0.24 λ1。
It should be noted that the dielectric constant of second area can also be greater than the dielectric constant of first area, and make second
The thickness in region is greater than the thickness of first area, so that antenna house 10 be made to form reinforcement structure in the position of second area, is promoted
The structural strength of antenna house 10.
Wherein, the dielectric constant of second area 12 can also be identical as the dielectric constant of first area 11.And due to second
The thickness in region 12 is less than the thickness of first area 11, therefore antenna house 10 can form evacuation sky in the position of second area 12
Between (such as evacuation groove, and the inside that groove can be located at antenna house is avoided, and the outside of antenna house can also be located at, it can be with
Evacuation groove is respectively formed in inside and outside), to meet the mounting arrangement of other function device.
Wherein, the thickness H of first area 111Value interval be [(n-1) * λ1/ 2, n* λ1/ 2], the thickness of second area 12
Spend H2Value interval be [(i-1) * λ1/ 2, i* λ1/ 2], i is positive integer;But H2<H1, so that antenna house 10 can be in the secondth area
The position in domain 12 forms avoiding space.
For example, H1Value interval can be (λ1/ 2, λ1), corresponding H2Value interval can be (0, λ1/2)。
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of radio-based electronic devices, including above-mentioned antenna structure.
Wherein, when antenna structure is applied to radio-based electronic devices, antenna house can be the shell of radio-based electronic devices, than
Such as the battery cover of mobile phone.
It should be noted that the implementation of above-mentioned antenna structure embodiment is equally applicable to the reality of the radio-based electronic devices
It applies in example, and identical technical effect can be reached, details are not described herein.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can easily think of the change or the replacement, and should all contain
Lid is within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope in claims.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of antenna structure characterized by comprising
Antenna house;
And the radiator on the inside of the antenna house;
Wherein, (n-1) * λ1/2<H1<n*λ1/ 2, the H1Indicate the thickness of the antenna house, the λ1Indicate the radiator hair
Propagation wavelength of the electromagnetic wave penetrated in the antenna house, n is positive integer;And/or
L=a*b* λ0, the L indicates the length along path of medial surface of the center line from the radiating surface of the radiator to the antenna house
Degree, the center line are the straight line perpendicular to the radiating surface of the radiator, the λ0Indicate the electricity with radiator transmitting
The aerial propagation wavelength of magnetic wave, a indicate parameter preset, and b is positive integer.
2. antenna structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the antenna house with a thickness of 0.25 λ1Positive odd number
Times.
3. antenna structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the parameter preset is 0.5.
4. antenna structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the antenna structure is millimeter wave antenna array.
5. antenna structure according to any one of claim 1 to 4, which is characterized in that the radiation physical efficiency transmitting is different
The electromagnetic wave beam in direction corresponds to each electromagnetic wave beam, and the antenna house is provided with subelement, each subelement with
The orthogonal setting of corresponding electromagnetic wave beam.
6. antenna structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the antenna house includes:
At least two subregions formed by the different material of dielectric constant;Alternatively,
The different subregion of at least two thickness.
7. a kind of radio-based electronic devices, which is characterized in that including antenna structure such as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. a kind of antenna house is applied to antenna structure, and the radiator of the antenna structure is located at the inside of the antenna house,
It is characterized in that, (n-1) * λ1/2<H1<n*λ1/ 2, the H1Indicate the thickness of the antenna house, the λ1Indicate the radiator hair
Propagation wavelength of the electromagnetic wave penetrated in the antenna house, n is positive integer.
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CN110336129A (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2019-10-15 | 上海矽杰微电子有限公司 | A kind of antenna house of millimetre-wave radar |
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CN112310633A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2021-02-02 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Antenna device and electronic apparatus |
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CN111342208A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-06-26 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | Antenna assembly and electronic equipment |
CN111342207B (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2021-07-06 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | Antenna module and electronic equipment |
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CN109066080B (en) | 2022-03-04 |
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