CN109065663A - A kind of double heterojunction ultraviolet detector - Google Patents

A kind of double heterojunction ultraviolet detector Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109065663A
CN109065663A CN201810928201.6A CN201810928201A CN109065663A CN 109065663 A CN109065663 A CN 109065663A CN 201810928201 A CN201810928201 A CN 201810928201A CN 109065663 A CN109065663 A CN 109065663A
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China
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gan
layer
ultraviolet detector
double heterojunction
detector according
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Pending
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CN201810928201.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王俊
郭进
余第喜
金里
赵恒�
程国云
王国胜
李由
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CETC 38 Research Institute
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CETC 38 Research Institute
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Priority to CN201810928201.6A priority Critical patent/CN109065663A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/08Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors
    • H01L31/10Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors characterised by at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. phototransistors
    • H01L31/101Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation
    • H01L31/102Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation characterised by only one potential barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/109Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation characterised by only one potential barrier or surface barrier the potential barrier being of the PN heterojunction type
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02Details
    • H01L31/0216Coatings
    • H01L31/02161Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/0248Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
    • H01L31/0256Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
    • H01L31/0264Inorganic materials
    • H01L31/0304Inorganic materials including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only AIIIBV compounds
    • H01L31/03044Inorganic materials including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only AIIIBV compounds comprising a nitride compounds, e.g. GaN

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of double heterojunction ultraviolet detector, the upper surface of the GaN absorbed layer forms positive polarization charge, and lower surface forms negative polarization charge;Under the action of polarization charge, the transfer passage two-dimensional hole gas 2DHG as photohole is formed between the AlN buffer layer and the interface of GaN absorbed layer, the transfer passage two-dimensional electron gas 2DEG as light induced electron is formed between GaN absorbed layer and the interface of AlGaN potential barrier, the operating mode of the detector is that light is incident from the upper surface of schottky contact layer.The present invention replaces traditional AlGaN/GaN single heterojunction using AlGaN/GaN/AlN double heterojunction, and photohole will be enabled through 2DHG channel fast transport, thus signal " hangover " phenomenon caused by eliminating single-groove road structure photoproduction hole migration speed slowly.Photohole will further improve the quantum efficiency and response frequency of device by effective collection of 2DHG.Since the presence of double channel polarization charge will be easier to form vertical field distribution in the uptake zone GaN.

Description

A kind of double heterojunction ultraviolet detector
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of semiconductor photoelectronic device more particularly to a kind of double heterojunction ultraviolet detectors.
Background technique
Ultraviolet detection technology is that the another dual-use photoelectricity to grow up after infrared and Laser Detection Technique is visited Survey technology.Military field: most directly application is that missile warning and tracking, ultraviolet detector can also be used in height to ultraviolet detection technology Confidentiality Ultraviolet Communication technology.Civil field: purple especially in recent years in terms of skin disease diagnosis in terms of medicine, biology Outer Detection Techniques have unique application effect.In terms of food and drug safety, chemical substance usually is replaced using ultraviolet radioactive Microorganism and bacterium are killed, therefore can be using ultraviolet detector to food and medicine packaging, medical instrument, drinking water and Industry Waste The disinfection of water is effectively monitored.In addition, highly sensitive ultraviolet detector is also widely used in flame sensing, ozone detection, swashs The numerous areas such as optical detection, fluorescence analysis and astronomy research.GaN base ultraviolet detector and traditional photomultiplier tube and Si Detector compare have it is small in size, low in energy consumption, be not necessarily to the advantages such as optical filter, cheap.And GaN detector Radiation hardness By force, it can work under the adverse circumstances such as space.So GaN base ultraviolet detector becomes domestic and international research hotspot in recent years, draw Play the attention of countries in the world.
AlGaN/GaN heterojunction structure has biggish energy bandmatch and stronger piezoelectric effect, makes it easier to form 2DEG (two-dimensional electron gas) structure, therefore and obtain very high electron mobility, can be used to develop high-frequency element.Based on HEMT (high electricity Transport factor) device the heterogeneous 2DEG-MSM structure ultraviolet detector of AlGaN/GaN, can get high response speed, while can be with Keep high external quantum efficiency.The structure changes the transverse electric field distribution of tradition MSM feature detector and is distributed for vertical electric field, Electronics in photo-generated carrier is swept up in Two-dimensional electron gas channel under the action of vertical electric field quickly and then is received by positive electrode Collection, two-dimensional electron gas structure make electron saturation velocities height (~107Cm/s), getting over for photo-generated carrier will be greatly reduced in this way Time, therefore very high response speed can be obtained.In this way, the response speed of device by interdigital electrode spacing determine to be changed by Relatively very thin absorption region thickness determines.2DEG-MSM structure ultraviolet detector based on AlGaN/GaN HEMT device can The response speed of device is greatly improved while keeping high quantum efficiency, but there is also deficiencies.It is inhaled under vertical field action The light induced electron for receiving area enters Two-dimensional electron gas channel, finally enters electrode.And photohole is downwardly into low field intensity region, tool There is lower mobility, need to could be collected by negative electrode by longer distance.The signal that this hole that will lead to photoproduction generates , there is " hangover " phenomenon of signal in delay, while the transmission time in hole will be greater than its service life and largely compound.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in: the difficulty that photohole is effectively collected provides a kind of double heterogeneous Tie ultraviolet detector.
The present invention is solution above-mentioned technical problem by the following technical programs, and the present invention includes successively extension from the bottom to top Growth has AlN buffer layer, GaN absorbed layer, AlGaN potential barrier, schottky contact layer and Schottky contact electrode, and the GaN inhales The upper surface for receiving layer forms positive polarization charge, and lower surface forms negative polarization charge;It is described under the action of polarization charge Transfer passage two-dimensional hole gas 2DHG, the GaN absorption as photohole is formed between AlN buffer layer and the interface of GaN absorbed layer The transfer passage two-dimensional electron gas 2DEG as light induced electron is formed between layer and the interface of AlGaN potential barrier, the detector Operating mode is that light is incident from the upper surface of schottky contact layer.The presence of double channel polarization charge will be easier to inhale in GaN It receives area and forms vertical field distribution, the introducing of 2DHG channel can greatly improve the collection efficiency in hole, it is purple to eliminate single-groove road " hangover " phenomenon of external detector, while improving the bandwidth and responsiveness of detector.
As one of preferred embodiment of the invention, the AlN buffer layer is arranged with substrate, outside the AlN buffer layer Prolong growth on substrate, the substrate is sapphire nano-patterned substrate material.
As one of preferred embodiment of the invention, the AlN buffer layer is the intrinsic AlN material of epitaxial growth, with a thickness of 150~300 nanometers.
As one of preferred embodiment of the invention, the GaN absorbed layer is intrinsic GaN material, the thickness of the GaN absorbed layer Degree is 0.5~3 micron.
As one of preferred embodiment of the invention, the AlGaN potential barrier is intrinsic AlxGa1-xN material, with a thickness of 15~ 30 nanometers, 0.1≤x≤1.
As one of preferred embodiment of the invention, the schottky contact layer with a thickness of 2 nanometers, be intrinsic GaN material.
As one of preferred embodiment of the invention, the both ends of the schottky contact layer are respectively equipped with schottky junctions electric shock Pole, the spacing of Schottky contact electrode are 10 microns, and at both ends, Schottky electrode is increased in 5V bias, due to the 2DEG of high concentration Presence, the horizontal direction along 2DEG can not exhaust, can back bias voltage side base part along vertical two-dimensional electron gas direction It exhausts and enters GaN absorbed layer, form the vertical electric field around back bias voltage Schottky electrode one end and be distributed, the presence meeting of double heterojunction Enhance the vertical distribution of electric field.
As one of preferred embodiment of the invention, the concentration of the 2DEG reaches 2.2 × 1013cm-2, correspondence mobility 4 × 103cm2/ Vs, the electronics that uptake zone light absorption is formed are swept up 2DEG under the action of vertical electric field, after it is high in 2DEG channel Speed is transported to plus the Schottky electrode of positive bias forms signal code.
As one of preferred embodiment of the invention, the concentration of the 2DHG reaches 9.2 × 1012cm-2, corresponding mobility 6.2 ×103cm2/ Vs, uptake zone light absorption formed hole be swept up 2DHG under the action of vertical electric field, after in 2DHG channel High speed is transported to plus the Schottky electrode of back bias voltage forms signal code.
AlGaN/GaN/AlN double heterojunction material can be formed simultaneously 2DEG and 2DHG channel, the concentration of 2DEG and 2DHG 2.2 × 10 can be reached respectively13cm-2Corresponding mobility 4 × 103cm2/ Vs and 9.2 × 1012Cm-2 correspond to mobility 6.2 × 103cm2/Vs.In order to solve the problems, such as that 2DEG-MSM single-groove road structure ultraviolet detector exists, while having 2DEG and 2DHG defeated The AlGaN/GaN/AlN double heterojunction ultraviolet detector based on vertical electric field distribution of fortune channel can make up single-groove road device It is insufficient.2DEG and 2DHG channel is respectively intended to collect and transport the light induced electron and photohole of perpendicualr field separation.
The present invention has the advantage that the present invention replaces passing using AlGaN/GaN/AlN double heterojunction compared with prior art The AlGaN/GaN single heterojunction of system, photohole will be enabled through 2DHG channel fast transport, to eliminate single-groove road structure photoproduction Hole migration speed slowly caused by signal " hangover " phenomenon.Photohole will further improve device by effective collection of 2DHG Quantum efficiency and response frequency.Since the presence of double channel polarization charge will be easier to form vertical electricity in the uptake zone GaN Field distribution.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram of the invention;
Fig. 2 is internal electric field distribution schematic diagram of the invention;
Fig. 3 is band structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is transfer ways schematic diagram of the invention.
Specific embodiment
It elaborates below to the embodiment of the present invention, the present embodiment carries out under the premise of the technical scheme of the present invention Implement, the detailed implementation method and specific operation process are given, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following implementation Example.
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment includes substrate 1, successively AlN buffer layer 2, GaN of the epitaxial growth on substrate 1 absorb Layer 3, AlGaN potential barrier 4, schottky contact layer 5, a pair of of interdigital structure Schottky contact electrode 6;2 extension of AlN buffer layer is raw It grows on substrate 1, GaN absorbed layer 3 is produced on AlN buffer layer 2, and AlGaN potential barrier 4 makes on GaN absorbed layer 3, Xiao Te Base contact layer 5 is produced on AlGaN potential barrier 4, and Schottky contact electrode 6 is produced on schottky contact layer 5.Substrate 1 For nano patterning sapphire material, AlN buffer layer 2 is the AlN material of low-temperature epitaxy.GaN absorbed layer 3 is unintentional doping GaN material, doping concentration are 5 × 1016cm-3.AlGaN potential barrier 4 is intrinsic AlxGa1-xN material, 0.1≤x≤1.Schottky Contact layer 5 is intrinsic GaN material.
The light of the present embodiment is incident from the upper surface of schottky contact layer, AlN buffer layer 2 with a thickness of 100 nanometers, GaN absorbed layer 3 with a thickness of 2 microns, AlGaN potential barrier 4 with a thickness of 25 nanometers, schottky contact layer 5 is with a thickness of 2 nanometers.
As shown in Fig. 2, can significantly see the internal vertical electric field distribution of device (under -10V bias).Fig. 3 is zero bias Depress obtained band structure and electronics, hole distribution.The result shows that existing while 2DEG and 2DHG channel configuration, and ditch Road concentration of electric charges reaches nearly 1020cm-3
As shown in figure 4, ultraviolet light enters detector from front end, it is absorbed generation electron hole pair in GaN absorbed layer 3, Electronics is swept into the 2DEG channel between GaN absorbed layer 3 and AlGaN potential barrier 4 by electric field under the action of vertical electric field, since 2DEG has There is very high mobility, so the signal that light induced electron generates enters positive electrode quickly;Meanwhile photohole is swept into downwards 2DHG channel between GaN absorbed layer 3 and AlN buffer layer 2, photohole below the 2DHG channel transport to negative electrode after again into Enter GaN absorbed layer 3, finally enter negative electrode and form signal code, since 2DHG has very high mobility, hole is in level side To transport velocity be exceedingly fast, and detector vertical direction thickness will be much smaller than horizontal direction, so the response of photohole Also it is exceedingly fast.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of double heterojunction ultraviolet detector, which is characterized in that including from the bottom to top successively epitaxial growth have AlN buffer layer, The upper surface of GaN absorbed layer, AlGaN potential barrier, schottky contact layer and Schottky contact electrode, the GaN absorbed layer is formed Positive polarization charge, lower surface form negative polarization charge;Under the action of polarization charge, the AlN buffer layer and GaN absorb The boundary of transfer passage two-dimensional hole gas 2DHG, the GaN absorbed layer and AlGaN potential barrier as photohole is formed between the interface of layer Form transfer passage two-dimensional electron gas 2DEG as light induced electron between face, the operating mode of the detector is light from Xiao Te The upper surface of base contact layer is incident.
2. a kind of double heterojunction ultraviolet detector according to claim 1, which is characterized in that under the AlN buffer layer It is provided with substrate, on substrate, the substrate is sapphire nano-patterned substrate material to the AlN buffering layer epitaxially grown.
3. a kind of double heterojunction ultraviolet detector according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the AlN buffer layer is outer Prolong the intrinsic AlN material of growth, with a thickness of 150~300 nanometers.
4. a kind of double heterojunction ultraviolet detector according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the GaN absorbed layer is this Levy GaN material, the GaN absorbed layer with a thickness of 0.5~3 micron.
5. a kind of double heterojunction ultraviolet detector according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the AlGaN potential barrier is Intrinsic AlxGa1-xN material, with a thickness of 15~30 nanometers, 0.1≤x≤1.
6. a kind of double heterojunction ultraviolet detector according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the schottky contact layer It is intrinsic GaN material with a thickness of 2 nanometers.
7. a kind of double heterojunction ultraviolet detector according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the schottky contact layer Both ends are respectively equipped with Schottky contact electrode, and the spacing of Schottky contact electrode is 10 microns.
8. a kind of double heterojunction ultraviolet detector according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the concentration of the 2DEG reaches 2.2×1013cm-2, corresponding mobility 4 × 103cm2/Vs。
9. a kind of double heterojunction ultraviolet detector according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the concentration of the 2DHG reaches 9.2×1012cm-2, corresponding mobility 6.2 × 103cm2/Vs。
CN201810928201.6A 2018-08-14 2018-08-14 A kind of double heterojunction ultraviolet detector Pending CN109065663A (en)

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CN110047969A (en) * 2019-05-06 2019-07-23 北京工业大学 A kind of SOI base SiGe double-heterojunctiophototransistor phototransistor detector
CN110164995A (en) * 2019-04-29 2019-08-23 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 Low-dark current n-AlGaN base MSM ultraviolet detector and preparation method thereof
WO2020146093A1 (en) * 2019-01-08 2020-07-16 Analog Devices, Inc. Semiconductor photodetector assembly
CN111564511A (en) * 2020-05-19 2020-08-21 河北工业大学 AlGaN-MSM detector structure based on polarization effect and preparation method thereof
CN111668327A (en) * 2020-06-22 2020-09-15 三明学院 Novel capacitive photoelectric detector
US11309450B2 (en) 2018-12-20 2022-04-19 Analog Devices, Inc. Hybrid semiconductor photodetector assembly
CN114678439A (en) * 2022-03-14 2022-06-28 江南大学 2DEG ultraviolet detector with symmetrical interdigital structure and preparation method thereof
WO2022261829A1 (en) * 2021-06-15 2022-12-22 中山大学 Group iii-nitride heterojunction photoelectric detector

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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11309450B2 (en) 2018-12-20 2022-04-19 Analog Devices, Inc. Hybrid semiconductor photodetector assembly
US11302835B2 (en) 2019-01-08 2022-04-12 Analog Devices, Inc. Semiconductor photodetector assembly
WO2020146093A1 (en) * 2019-01-08 2020-07-16 Analog Devices, Inc. Semiconductor photodetector assembly
CN109873047A (en) * 2019-02-02 2019-06-11 浙江大学 A kind of novel heterojunction photon type infrared detector and preparation method and application
CN110164995A (en) * 2019-04-29 2019-08-23 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 Low-dark current n-AlGaN base MSM ultraviolet detector and preparation method thereof
CN110047969A (en) * 2019-05-06 2019-07-23 北京工业大学 A kind of SOI base SiGe double-heterojunctiophototransistor phototransistor detector
CN111564511A (en) * 2020-05-19 2020-08-21 河北工业大学 AlGaN-MSM detector structure based on polarization effect and preparation method thereof
CN111564511B (en) * 2020-05-19 2023-03-21 河北工业大学 AlGaN-MSM detector structure based on polarization effect and preparation method thereof
CN111668327A (en) * 2020-06-22 2020-09-15 三明学院 Novel capacitive photoelectric detector
CN111668327B (en) * 2020-06-22 2022-04-22 三明学院 Capacitive photoelectric detector
WO2022261829A1 (en) * 2021-06-15 2022-12-22 中山大学 Group iii-nitride heterojunction photoelectric detector
CN114678439A (en) * 2022-03-14 2022-06-28 江南大学 2DEG ultraviolet detector with symmetrical interdigital structure and preparation method thereof
CN114678439B (en) * 2022-03-14 2023-07-25 江南大学 2DEG ultraviolet detector with symmetrical interdigital structure and preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20181221