CN109060411B - A convenient sampling method for geological exploration - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of geological exploration, in particular to a convenient sampling method for geological exploration. The method comprises the following steps: S1, cleaning the surface of the sampling position to facilitate drilling; S2, then, using a drill pipe to drill holes ; S3, then use the soil sampler to extract the soil of different depths; S4, put the soil taken out in S3 into a collection bag and seal it for later use. By using a soil sampler specially designed by the inventor, the method can realize the sampling of soil of different depths, and has the characteristics of high sampling efficiency and simple operation.

Description

A convenient sampling method for geological exploration

technical field

The invention relates to the field of geological exploration, in particular to a convenient sampling method for geological exploration.

Background technique

"Geological prospecting" refers to the investigation and exploration of the geology through various means and methods, to determine the appropriate bearing layer, to determine the foundation type and to calculate the basic parameters according to the bearing capacity of the bearing layer. In order to find out the deposits of industrial significance in the census, in order to find out the quality and quantity of the minerals, as well as the technical conditions for mining and utilization, to provide the mineral reserves and geological data required for the design of the mine construction, and to analyze the rocks, strata, structures and minerals in a certain area. , hydrology, geomorphology and other geological conditions to carry out investigation and research work.

However, the traditional geological exploration sampler uses a wooden or iron sampler to sample the soil in the holes that have been drilled during the use process. It is necessary to sample the soil that needs to be sampled every time a hole is drilled. Sampling the soil at different depths of the holes wastes the sampling time.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a convenient sampling method for geological exploration. This method can realize the sampling of soils of different depths by using a soil sampler specially designed by the inventor, and has the advantages of high sampling efficiency and easy operation. specialty.

The technical scheme adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a convenient sampling method for geological exploration, the method comprises the following steps:

S1, clean up the surface of the sampling position, which is convenient for drilling;

S2, then, use the drill pipe to drill;

S3, and then use the soil sampler to extract soil of different depths;

S4, put the soil taken out in S3 into a collection bag and seal it for later use;

The soil sampler used in this method includes a charging mechanism, a fixed column, an installation box, a driving mechanism, two transmission mechanisms, two sampling mechanisms and an adjustment mechanism; the top of the charging mechanism for accommodating the sampling soil is fixedly connected The fixing column has a cylindrical structure, the surface of the fixing column is fixedly connected with the installation box for installing the transmission mechanism and the sampling mechanism, and the interior of the installation box is symmetrically installed on the fixing column. Two of the transmission mechanisms, the sampling mechanisms for sampling are installed on the opposite sides of the two transmission mechanisms, and the drive mechanism located at the top of the installation box is installed on the side wall of the fixed column. The bottom of the mechanism is provided with the adjusting mechanism for adjusting the sampling depth, and the other end of the adjusting mechanism is fixed on the top of the installation box.

Specifically, the charging mechanism includes a material box, a scraper and a drill bit. The bottom of the fixing column is fixedly connected to the material box with a hollow cylindrical structure and an open top for accommodating the sampling soil. The bottom of the drill bit is fixedly connected to the drill bit in a conical structure, and the side walls of the drill bit are equidistantly provided with the scrapers for scraping off the mud on the side walls of the holes.

Specifically, the transmission mechanism includes a fixed block, a first toothed disc, a second toothed disc, a rotating shaft, and a fixed shell. Two of the fixed shells are installed inside the installation box, and two of the fixed shells are installed inside the installation box. The inside of the shell is installed with two rotating shafts symmetrically located on the fixed column, the two rotating shafts are rotatably connected to the bottom of the installation box, and the tops of the two rotating shafts are fixedly connected with the cylindrical structure. A fixed block, the surfaces of the two fixed blocks are fixedly connected to the first chainring, the first chainring meshes with the second chainring, and the first chainring is perpendicular to the second chainring set up.

Specifically, the sampling mechanism includes a sleeve, a connecting shaft, a fixed plate, a connecting plate, a scraper, a walking column, a limit piece and a screw rod, and two pieces of the installation box are penetrated through the top of the installation box. The connecting shafts to which the fixing blocks are fixedly connected, the tops of the two connecting shafts are fixedly connected to the sleeve, the connecting shafts are welded through the installation box, the fixing shell and the tops of the fixing blocks, and the The side wall of the second sprocket is fixedly connected to the screw rod, and the screw rod penetrates through the fixed shell and the outer side wall of the installation box. The outer side wall of the installation box is provided with two triangles with the screw rod. The walking column is arranged in a cylindrical structure, the screw rod and the same side wall of the walking column are fixedly connected with the limiting piece in a disc-shaped structure, and the two screw rods, the walking The surface of the column is slidably connected to the fixing plates in the shape of a cuboid, the top edges of the side walls of the two fixing plates are fixedly connected to the connecting plates, and the angle between the connecting plates and the fixing plates is 45 degrees , the bottom of the surface of the two connecting plates is fixedly connected to the scraper, the angle between the scraper and the connecting plate is 45 degrees, and the distance between the two scrapers is smaller than the material Diameter of the box.

Specifically, the drive mechanism includes a motor, a crank, a connecting rod, a piston, a fixed cylinder and a pull rod, the motor is installed on the side wall of the fixed column, and the crank in the shape of a "ji" penetrates the fixed column. The interior is rotatably connected to the motor, the surface of the crank is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the piston located inside the fixed cylinder, and the fixed cylinder is fixed to the the side wall of the fixing column, and the tie rod penetrates through the interior of the fixing cylinder and is fixedly connected with the bottom of the piston.

Specifically, the adjustment mechanism includes a fixed tube, a transmission rod, a fixed nut and a scale line. The tie rod with an inverted "T"-shaped cross-section is sleeved inside the fixed tube of the hollow cylindrical structure, and the transmission One end of the rod is fixed to the side of the installation box, the other end of the transmission rod is fixed to the inside of the fixed pipe through the fixed nut, and the side wall of the fixed column is provided with the tick marks.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

(1) In the soil sampler used in this method, the surface of the fixed column is slidably connected to the installation box, and the inside of the installation box is provided with a transmission mechanism that is symmetrical with the fixed column, and the two sleeves are rotated counterclockwise to realize the counterclockwise rotation of the first toothed plate, To further realize the clockwise rotation of the second toothed plate, move the two fixed plates against each other, insert the scraper into the soil to be sampled, connect the motor to the power supply to realize the drive mechanism, and move the installation box up and down on the surface of the fixed column to finally realize the scraper. The soil is scraped and dropped into the inside of the material box, which is convenient for quick sampling and accurate sampling of the soil that needs to be sampled.

(2) The soil sampler used in this method has an adjustment structure between the drive mechanism and the installation box. According to the need to sample soil of different depths, the distance between the transmission rod and the pull rod can be adjusted. The operation is simple and the different depths can be quickly adjusted. For deep soil sampling, the depth of sampling is observed through the scale line, which solves the traditional disadvantage of sampling the depth of the hole and reduces the sampling time.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the soil sampler used in this method;

Fig. 2 is the enlarged schematic diagram of A part shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism, the connecting shaft and the screw rod shown in Fig. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of part B shown in FIG. 1 .

In the picture: 1. Loading mechanism, 11, material box, 12, scraper, 13, drill bit, 2, fixed column, 3, installation box, 4, driving mechanism, 41, motor, 42, crank, 43, connecting rod , 44, piston, 45, fixed cylinder, 46, tie rod, 5, transmission mechanism, 51, fixed block, 52, first chainring, 53, second chainring, 54, shaft, 55, fixed shell, 6, sampling Mechanism, 61, sleeve, 62, connecting shaft, 63, fixing plate, 64, connecting plate, 65, scraper, 66, walking column, 67, limit piece, 68, screw rod, 7, adjusting mechanism, 71, Fixing tube, 72, transmission rod, 73, fixing nut, 74, scale line.

Detailed ways

In order to make it easy to understand the technical means, creation features, achieved goals and effects of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the specific embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1-4, a convenient sampling method for geological exploration according to the present invention, the method comprises the following steps:

S1, clean up the surface of the sampling position, which is convenient for drilling;

S2, then, use the drill pipe to drill;

S3, and then use the soil sampler to extract soil of different depths;

S4, put the soil taken out in S3 into a collection bag and seal it for later use;

The soil sampler used in this method includes a charging mechanism 1, a fixed column 2, an installation box 3, a driving mechanism 4, two transmission mechanisms 5, two sampling mechanisms 6 and an adjustment mechanism 7; The top of the charging mechanism 1 is fixedly connected to the fixed column 2 in a cylindrical structure, and the surface of the fixed column 2 is fixedly connected with the installation box 3 for installing the transmission mechanism 5 and the sampling mechanism 6 . The inside of the installation box 3 is located in the fixed column 2 and is symmetrically installed with two transmission mechanisms 5. The two transmission mechanisms 5 are installed with the sampling mechanism 6 for sampling opposite to each other. The side of the fixed column 2 is installed. The wall is mounted with the drive mechanism 4 at the top of the installation box 3, the bottom of the drive mechanism 4 is provided with the adjustment mechanism 7 for adjusting the sampling depth, and the other end of the adjustment mechanism 7 is fixed to the Install the top of box 3.

Specifically, the charging mechanism 1 includes a material box 11, a scraper 12 and a drill bit 13. The bottom of the fixing column 2 is fixedly connected to the material box with a hollow cylindrical structure and an open top for accommodating the sampling soil. 11. The bottom of the material box 11 is fixedly connected to the drill bit 13 having a conical structure. The side wall of the drill bit 13 is equidistantly provided with the scraper 12 for scraping off the soil on the side wall of the hole. The whole is put into the excavated cavity. When the drill bit 13 enters the hole, the scraper 12 cleans the sand and stone on the side wall of the hole to prevent the sand and stone that does not need to be sampled from entering the interior of the material box 11 .

Specifically, the transmission mechanism 5 includes a fixed block 51 , a first toothed disc 52 , a second toothed disc 53 , a rotating shaft 54 and a fixed shell 55 , and two fixed housings 55 are installed inside the installation box 63 Shell 55, the interior of the two fixed shells 55 are installed with two rotating shafts 54 symmetrically located on the fixed column 2, the two rotating shafts 54 are rotatably connected to the bottom of the installation box 3, and the two rotating shafts 54 are rotatably connected to the bottom of the installation box 3 The top of the rotating shaft 54 is fixedly connected with the fixing block 51 in a cylindrical structure, the surfaces of the two fixing blocks 51 are fixedly connected with the first toothed plate 52 , and the first toothed plate 52 is connected to the second toothed plate 52 . The toothed plate 53 is meshed, the first toothed plate 52 and the second toothed plate 53 are vertically arranged, and the fixed block 51 is rotated clockwise to realize the clockwise rotation of the first toothed plate 52, and further the second toothed plate 52 is rotated clockwise. The disc 53 is rotating counterclockwise.

Specifically, the sampling mechanism 6 includes a sleeve 61 , a connecting shaft 62 , a fixing plate 63 , a connecting plate 64 , a scraper 65 , a walking column 66 , a limit piece 67 and a screw 68 . The top of the installation box 3 is There are two connecting shafts 62 which are respectively fixedly connected with the two fixing blocks 51 , the tops of the two connecting shafts 62 are fixedly connected to the sleeve 61 , and the connecting shafts 62 pass through the installation box 3 , the fixed shell 55 is welded with the top of the fixed block 51, the side wall of the second toothed plate 53 is fixedly connected to the screw rod 68, and the screw rod 68 penetrates through the fixed shell 55 and the installation box 3, the outer side wall of the installation box 3 is provided with two cylindrical walking columns 66 arranged in a triangular shape with the screw rod 68, the screw rod 68 and the walking column 66 The same side wall is fixedly connected with the limiting piece 67 in the shape of a disc, and the surfaces of the two screw rods 68 and the walking column 66 are slidably connected to the fixing plate 63 in the shape of a cuboid. The top edge of the side wall of the fixing plate 63 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 64, the angle between the connecting plate 64 and the fixing plate 63 is 45 degrees, and the bottom surfaces of the two connecting plates 64 are fixedly connected The scraper 65, the included angle between the scraper 65 and the connecting plate 64 is 45 degrees, and the distance between the two scrapers 65 is smaller than the diameter of the material box 11. The drill bit 13 is inserted into the dug hole, the hexagonal sleeve with a long rod is clamped to the sleeve 61, and the sleeve 61 is rotated counterclockwise to realize that the connecting shaft 62 reverses the fixing block 51. Clockwise, in the same way, the first toothed plate 52 rotates counterclockwise, which further realizes the clockwise rotation of the second toothed plate 53, and the other first toothed plate 52 rotates counterclockwise, thereby further realizing the second toothed plate 52. The disk 53 rotates clockwise, and further two of the screw rods 68 rotate clockwise to move the two fixed plates 63 on the walking column 66 and the screw rod 68 opposite to each other, and finally realize the connection plate 64 The scraper 65 at the top is inserted into the soil.

Specifically, the drive mechanism 4 includes a motor 41 , a crank 42 , a connecting rod 43 , a piston 44 , a fixed cylinder 45 and a pull rod 46 , and the motor 41 is mounted on the side wall of the fixed column 2 , which is in the shape of a “ji”. The crank 42 penetrates through the interior of the fixing column 2 and is rotatably connected to the motor 41 , the surface of the crank 42 is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting rod 43 , and the other end of the connecting rod 43 is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 43 . The piston 44 inside the fixed cylinder 45, the fixed cylinder 45 is fixed to the side wall of the fixed column 2, the pull rod 46 penetrates the interior of the fixed cylinder 45 and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston 44, when sampling First, the motor 41 is powered on, so that the crank 42 drives the connecting rod 43 to reciprocate the piston 44 up and down inside the fixed cylinder 45 , and further realizes the pull rod at the bottom of the piston 44 The up-and-down movement of 46 drives the adjusting structure 7 to slide the mounting box 3 up and down on the surface of the fixing column 2 .

Specifically, the adjusting mechanism 7 includes a fixing tube 71 , a transmission rod 72 , a fixing nut 73 and a scale line 74 , and the tie rod 46 with an inverted “T” shape in cross section is sleeved on the fixing tube with a hollow cylindrical structure 71, one end of the transmission rod 72 is fixed to the side of the installation box 3, and the other end of the transmission rod 72 is fixed to the interior of the fixing pipe 71 through the fixing nut 73, and the fixing post The side wall of 2 is provided with the scale line 74 for measuring the sampling depth, and the soil of different depths is sampled according to the needs. 72 slides up and down inside the fixed tube 71 to achieve the sampling depth. If the soil with a deeper depth needs to be sampled, increase the distance between the transmission rod 72 and the pull rod 46. The distance between the transmission rod 72 and the pull rod 46 can be reduced. After the transmission rod 72 moves up and down, the installation box 3 moves up and down on the surface of the fixed column 2, and then the scraper 65 is realized. Scrape the soil at the place to be sampled and flow into the inside of the material box 11. After the sampling is completed, the sleeve 61 is rotated counterclockwise to realize the counterclockwise rotation of the screw rod 68 to move the two fixed plates 63 relative to each other, thereby It is realized that the overall structure is taken out in the hole.

When in use, first observe the depth of the installation box 3 through the scale line 74, determine the distance, and slide the transmission rod 72 up and down inside the fixed tube 71 to achieve the depth of sampling. If the soil with a deeper depth needs to be sampled, increase the transmission rod 72 and the The distance between the tie rods 46, if sampling the shallower soil, will reduce the distance between the transmission rod 72 and the tie rod 46. When sampling, first snap the hexagonal sleeve with the long rod to the sleeve 61, Rotate the sleeve 61 counterclockwise to realize the connecting shaft 62 and turn the fixing block 51 counterclockwise. Similarly, the first toothed plate 52 is rotated counterclockwise, and the second toothed plate 53 is further rotated clockwise, and the other first toothed plate 52 is rotated counterclockwise. , to further realize the clockwise rotation of the second toothed plate 53, and the further clockwise rotation of the two screw rods 68 to move the two fixed plates 63 back on the walking column 66 and the screw rod 68, and finally realize the scraping of the top of the connecting plate 64. The plate 65 is inserted into the soil, and then the motor 41 is powered on, so that the crank 42 drives the connecting rod 43 to reciprocate the piston 44 in the interior of the fixed cylinder 45, and further realizes that the tie rod 46 at the bottom of the piston 44 moves up and down to drive the adjustment structure 7 Slide the installation box 3 up and down on the surface of the fixed column 2, move the transmission rod 72 up and down to make the installation box 3 move up and down on the surface of the fixed column 2, put the whole into the excavated cavity, and scrape the blade when the drill bit 13 enters the hole 12. Clean the sand and gravel on the side wall of the hole to prevent the sand and gravel that does not need to be sampled from entering the interior of the material box 11, and then realize that the scraper 65 scrapes the soil at the place that needs to be sampled and flows into the inside of the material box 11, and counterclockwise after the sampling is completed. Rotating the sleeve 61 enables the counterclockwise rotation of the screw rod 68 to move the two fixing plates 63 relative to each other, so that the overall structure can be taken out from the hole and sampling is completed.

The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and the descriptions in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description are only to illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will also There are various changes and improvements which fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (3)

1. A portable geological exploration sampling method, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, cleaning the surface of the sampling position to facilitate drilling;

s2, drilling holes by using the drill rod;

s3, extracting the soil with different depths by using a soil sampler;

s4, filling the soil taken out in the S3 into a collecting bag for sealing and storing for later use;

the soil sampler adopted by the method comprises a charging mechanism (1), a fixed column (2), a mounting box (3), a driving mechanism (4), two transmission mechanisms (5), two sampling mechanisms (6) and an adjusting mechanism (7); the top of the charging mechanism (1) for containing sampling soil is fixedly connected with the fixed column (2) which is of a cylindrical structure, the surface of the fixed column (2) is fixedly connected with the mounting box (3) for mounting the transmission mechanism (5) and the sampling mechanism (6), the two transmission mechanisms (5) are symmetrically arranged in the fixed column (2) in the mounting box (3), the two transmission mechanisms (5) are oppositely provided with the sampling mechanism (6) for sampling, the side wall of the fixed column (2) is provided with the driving mechanism (4) positioned at the top of the mounting box (3), the bottom of the driving mechanism (4) is provided with the adjusting mechanism (7) for adjusting the sampling depth, the other end of the adjusting mechanism (7) is fixed at the top of the mounting box (3);

the charging mechanism (1) comprises a feed box (11), a scraping blade (12) and a drill bit (13), the bottom of the fixed column (2) is fixedly connected with the feed box (11) which is of a hollow cylindrical structure and is provided with an opening at the top for containing sampling soil, the bottom of the feed box (11) is fixedly connected with the drill bit (13) which is of a conical structure, and the scraping blade (12) for scraping soil on the side wall of the hole is arranged on the side wall of the drill bit (13) at equal intervals;

the transmission mechanism (5) comprises a fixed block (51), a first fluted disc (52), a second fluted disc (53), a rotating shaft (54) and a fixed shell (55), two fixed shells (55) are mounted inside the mounting box (63), two rotating shafts (54) which are symmetrically positioned on the fixed column (2) are mounted inside the two fixed shells (55), the two rotating shafts (54) are rotatably connected to the bottom of the mounting box (3), the tops of the two rotating shafts (54) are fixedly connected with the fixed block (51) which is of a cylindrical structure, the surfaces of the two fixed blocks (51) are fixedly connected with the first fluted disc (52), the first fluted disc (52) is meshed with the second fluted disc (53), and the first fluted disc (52) is perpendicular to the second fluted disc (53);

the sampling mechanism (6) comprises a sleeve (61), a connecting shaft (62), a fixing plate (63), a connecting plate (64), a scraper (65), a walking column (66), a limiting piece (67) and a screw rod (68), the top of the mounting box (3) penetrates through the connecting shaft (62) and the connecting shaft (62) which are respectively fixedly connected with two fixing blocks (51), the top of the connecting shaft (62) is fixedly connected with the sleeve (61), the connecting shaft (62) penetrates through the mounting box (3), the fixing shell (55) is welded with the tops of the fixing blocks (51), the side wall of the second fluted disc (53) is fixedly connected with the screw rod (68), the screw rod (68) penetrates through the fixing shell (55) and the outer side wall of the mounting box (3), the outer side wall of the mounting box (3) is provided with two walking columns (66) which are of a cylindrical structure and are arranged in a triangular shape with the screw rod (68), lead screw (68) with the same lateral wall fixedly connected with of walking post (66) is disc structure spacing piece (67), two lead screw (68) the surface sliding connection of walking post (66) is the cuboid structure fixed plate (63), two fixed connection is located at the lateral wall top border of fixed plate (63) connecting plate (64), connecting plate (64) with contained angle between fixed plate (63) is 45 degrees, two fixed connection is located to the surface bottom of connecting plate (64) scraper blade (65), scraper blade (65) with contained angle between connecting plate (64) is 45 degrees, two distance between scraper blade (65) is less than the diameter of workbin (11).

2. The portable geological exploration sampling method of claim 1, wherein: the driving mechanism (4) comprises a motor (41), a crank (42), a connecting rod (43), a piston (44), a fixed cylinder (45) and a pull rod (46), the motor (41) is installed on the side wall of the fixed cylinder (2), the crank (42) in a structure like a Chinese character 'ji' penetrates through the inside of the fixed cylinder (2) and is connected with the motor (41) in a rotating mode, the surface of the crank (42) is connected with one end of the connecting rod (43) in a rotating mode, the other end of the connecting rod (43) is connected with the piston (44) located inside the fixed cylinder (45) in a rotating mode, the fixed cylinder (45) is fixed on the side wall of the fixed cylinder (2), and the pull rod (46) penetrates through the inside of the fixed cylinder (45) and is fixedly connected with the bottom of the piston (44).

3. The portable geological exploration sampling method of claim 2, wherein: the adjusting mechanism (7) comprises a fixed pipe (71), a transmission rod (72), a fixed nut (73) and scale marks (74), the pull rod (46) with the section of an inverted T-shaped structure is sleeved inside the fixed pipe (71) with a hollow cylindrical structure, one end of the transmission rod (72) is fixed on the side of the mounting box (3), the other end of the transmission rod (72) is fixed inside the fixed pipe (71) through the fixed nut (73), and the scale marks (74) used for measuring sampling depth are arranged on the side wall of the fixed column (2).

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