CN109060411B - Portable geological exploration sampling method - Google Patents
Portable geological exploration sampling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109060411B CN109060411B CN201811103344.XA CN201811103344A CN109060411B CN 109060411 B CN109060411 B CN 109060411B CN 201811103344 A CN201811103344 A CN 201811103344A CN 109060411 B CN109060411 B CN 109060411B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
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- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of geological exploration, in particular to a portable geological exploration sampling method, which comprises the following steps: s1, cleaning the surface of the sampling position to facilitate drilling; s2, drilling holes by using the drill rod; s3, extracting the soil with different depths by using a soil sampler; and S4, filling the soil taken out in the S3 into a collecting bag for sealing and reserving for later use. The method can realize sampling of the soil at different depths by adopting the soil sampler specially designed by the inventor, and has the characteristics of high sampling efficiency and simple and convenient operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geological exploration, in particular to a convenient geological exploration sampling method.
Background
Geological exploration refers to investigation and research activities of surveying and detecting geology through various means and methods, determining a proper bearing stratum, determining a foundation type according to the foundation bearing capacity of the bearing stratum, and calculating foundation parameters. The method is to find an industrially significant mineral deposit in mineral census, provide mineral reserves and geological data required by mine construction design for finding out the quality and quantity of the mineral and technical conditions of mining and utilization, and carry out investigation and research work on geological conditions such as rocks, strata, structures, mineral products, hydrology, landforms and the like in a certain area.
However, the traditional geological exploration sampler samples the soil of the drilled hole through a wooden or iron sampler in the using process, the soil needing to be sampled can be sampled only by drilling the hole once, the soil at different depths of the deeper hole cannot be sampled, and the sampling time is wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a convenient geological exploration sampling method, which can realize sampling of soil at different depths by adopting a soil sampler specially designed by an inventor and has the characteristics of high sampling efficiency and simple and convenient operation.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a portable geological exploration sampling method, comprising the steps of:
s1, cleaning the surface of the sampling position to facilitate drilling;
s2, drilling holes by using the drill rod;
s3, extracting the soil with different depths by using a soil sampler;
s4, filling the soil taken out in the S3 into a collecting bag for sealing and storing for later use;
the soil sampler adopted by the method comprises a charging mechanism, a fixed column, a mounting box, a driving mechanism, two transmission mechanisms, two sampling mechanisms and an adjusting mechanism; a top fixed connection for holding sample earth the charging mechanism is cylindrical structure the fixed column, the fixed surface of fixed column is connected with and is used for the installation drive mechanism the sampling mechanism the mounting box, the inside of mounting box is located two are installed to the fixed column symmetry drive mechanism, two drive mechanism installs mutually in the back of the body and is used for the sample sampling mechanism, the lateral wall of fixed column is installed and is located the top of mounting box actuating mechanism, actuating mechanism's bottom is equipped with and is used for adjusting the sample degree of depth adjustment mechanism, adjustment mechanism's the other end is fixed in the top of mounting box.
Specifically, charging mechanism includes workbin, doctor-bar and drill bit, the bottom fixed connection of fixed column is hollow cylindrical structure, open-top's being used for containing sample earth the workbin, the bottom fixed connection of workbin is conical structure the drill bit, the lateral wall equidistance of drill bit is equipped with and is used for scraping hole lateral wall earth the doctor-bar.
Specifically, drive mechanism includes a fixed block, a first fluted disc, a second fluted disc, a pivot and a set casing, the internally mounted of mounting box is two the set casing, two the internally mounted of set casing has and is located two of fixed column symmetry the pivot, two the pivot rotate connect in the bottom of mounting box, two the top fixedly connected with of pivot is cylindrical structure the fixed block, two the equal fixed connection in surface of fixed block the first fluted disc, first fluted disc with the meshing of second fluted disc, first fluted disc with the perpendicular setting of second fluted disc.
Specifically, the sampling mechanism comprises a sleeve, a connecting shaft, a fixed plate, a connecting plate, a scraper, a walking column, a limiting piece and a screw rod, wherein the top of the mounting box is penetrated by two connecting shafts fixedly connected with two fixed blocks respectively, the tops of the two connecting shafts are fixedly connected with the sleeve, the connecting shafts penetrate through the mounting box and are welded with the tops of the fixed blocks, the side wall of the second gear disc is fixedly connected with the screw rod, the screw rod penetrates through the outer side wall of the mounting box and is provided with two walking columns which are arranged in a triangular manner and are of cylindrical structures, the screw rod and the same side wall of the walking column are fixedly connected with the limiting piece which is of a disc-shaped structure, and the surface sliding connection of the two screw rods and the walking columns is connected with the fixed plate which is of a cuboid structure, two fixed connection is located along the lateral wall top border of fixed plate the connecting plate, the connecting plate with contained angle between the fixed plate is 45 degrees, two fixed connection is located to the surface bottom of connecting plate the scraper blade, the scraper blade with contained angle between the connecting plate is 45 degrees, two distance between the scraper blade is less than the diameter of workbin.
Specifically, actuating mechanism includes motor, crank, connecting rod, piston, fixed cylinder and pull rod, the lateral wall installation of fixed column the motor is "nearly" font structure the crank runs through the inside of fixed column with the motor rotates and is connected, the articulate surface rotates and connects the one end of connecting rod, the other end of connecting rod rotates connect in be located fixed cylinder is inside the piston, the fixed cylinder is fixed in the lateral wall of fixed column, the pull rod runs through the inside of fixed cylinder with the bottom fixed connection of piston.
Specifically, the adjusting mechanism comprises a fixed pipe, a transmission rod, a fixed nut and scale marks, the pull rod with the cross section in an inverted T-shaped structure is sleeved inside the fixed pipe with the hollow cylindrical structure, one end of the transmission rod is fixed to the side portion of the mounting box, the other end of the transmission rod is fixed inside the fixed pipe through the fixed nut, and the scale marks used for measuring the sampling depth are arranged on the side wall of the fixed column.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the soil sampler comprises a soil sampler body, a fixed column and a driving mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism is arranged in the mounting box and is symmetrical to the fixed column, the first fluted disc is anticlockwise rotated by anticlockwise rotating the two sleeves, the scraper is inserted into soil to be sampled by moving the two fixed plates back to back in a clockwise rotating mode, the driving mechanism is powered on by a motor to finally scrape the soil off into a material box by the scraper when the mounting box moves up and down on the surface of the fixed column, and the soil sampler is convenient to sample quickly and accurately samples the soil to be sampled.
(2) According to the soil sampler adopted by the method, the adjusting structure is arranged between the driving mechanism and the mounting box, the soil at different depths is sampled according to needs, the distance between the transmission rod and the pull rod is adjusted, the operation is simple, the soil at different depths is sampled quickly, the sampling depth is observed through the scale marks, the defect that the traditional sampling is performed when the depth of a hole is drilled at present is overcome, and the sampling time is shortened.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a soil sampler used in the method;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the transmission mechanism, the connecting shaft and the lead screw shown in FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the part B shown in fig. 1.
In the figure: 1. the automatic material loading device comprises a loading mechanism, 11, a material box, 12, a scraper, 13, a drill bit, 2, a fixed column, 3, a mounting box, 4, a driving mechanism, 41, a motor, 42, a crank, 43, a connecting rod, 44, a piston, 45, a fixed cylinder, 46, a pull rod, 5, a transmission mechanism, 51, a fixed block, 52, a first fluted disc, 53, a second fluted disc, 54, a rotating shaft, 55, a fixed shell, 6, a sampling mechanism, 61, a sleeve, 62, a connecting shaft, 63, a fixed plate, 64, a connecting plate, 65, a scraper blade, 66, a walking column, 67, a limiting piece, 68, a screw rod, 7, an adjusting mechanism, 71, a fixed pipe, 72, a transmission rod, 73, a fixed nut, 74 and a scale mark.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the present invention provides a portable geological exploration sampling method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning the surface of the sampling position to facilitate drilling;
s2, drilling holes by using the drill rod;
s3, extracting the soil with different depths by using a soil sampler;
s4, filling the soil taken out in the S3 into a collecting bag for sealing and storing for later use;
the soil sampler adopted by the method comprises a charging mechanism 1, a fixed column 2, a mounting box 3, a driving mechanism 4, two transmission mechanisms 5, two sampling mechanisms 6 and an adjusting mechanism 7; a bottom for holding sample earth the top fixed connection of charging mechanism 1 is cylindrical structure fixed column 2, the fixed surface of fixed column 2 is connected with and is used for the installation drive mechanism 5 sampling mechanism 6 mounting box 3, the inside of mounting box 3 is located two are installed to 2 symmetries of fixed column drive mechanism 5, two drive mechanism 5 is carried on the back mutually and is used for the sample sampling mechanism 6, the lateral wall of fixed column 2 is installed and is located the top of mounting box 3 actuating mechanism 4, actuating mechanism 4 is equipped with and is used for adjusting the sample degree of depth adjusting mechanism 7, the other end of adjusting mechanism 7 is fixed in the top of mounting box 3.
Specifically, charging mechanism 1 includes workbin 11, doctor-bar 12 and drill bit 13, the bottom fixed connection of fixed column 2 is hollow cylindrical structure, open-top's being used for containing sample earth workbin 11, the bottom fixed connection of workbin 11 is conical structure drill bit 13, the lateral wall equidistance of drill bit 13 is equipped with and is used for scraping hole lateral wall earth doctor-bar 12 will wholly put into the hole that the excavation is good when the sample, when drill bit 13 gets into the hole doctor-bar 12 clears up the gravel and sand of hole lateral wall, avoids the gravel and sand that does not need the sample to get into workbin 11's inside.
Specifically, the transmission mechanism 5 includes a fixed block 51, a first gear 52, a second gear 53, a rotating shaft 54 and a fixed shell 55, the mounting box 63 is internally provided with two fixing shells 55, the two fixing shells 55 are internally provided with two rotating shafts 54 which are symmetrically positioned on the fixing column 2, the two rotating shafts 54 are rotatably connected to the bottom of the mounting box 3, the tops of the two rotating shafts 54 are fixedly connected with the fixing blocks 51 which are in cylindrical structures, the surfaces of the two fixing blocks 51 are fixedly connected with the first fluted disc 52, the first toothed disc 52 is engaged with the second toothed disc 53, the first toothed disc 52 is perpendicular to the second toothed disc 53, the fixing block 51 is rotated clockwise to realize clockwise rotation of the first toothed disc 52, and further the second toothed disc 53 is rotated counterclockwise.
Specifically, the sampling mechanism 6 includes a sleeve 61, a connecting shaft 62, a fixing plate 63, a connecting plate 64, a scraper 65, a walking column 66, a limiting piece 67 and a screw rod 68, the top of the mounting box 3 is penetrated by two connecting shafts 62 respectively fixedly connected with two fixing blocks 51, the top of the two connecting shafts 62 is fixedly connected with the sleeve 61, the connecting shafts 62 are penetrated by the mounting box 3, the fixing shell 55 is welded with the top of the fixing block 51, the side wall of the second gear plate 53 is fixedly connected with the screw rod 68, the screw rod 68 is penetrated by the fixing shell 55 and the outer side wall of the mounting box 3, the outer side wall of the mounting box 3 is provided with two walking columns 66 which are arranged in a triangular shape and are in a cylindrical structure, the screw rod 68 is fixedly connected with the same side wall of the walking column 66, and the limiting piece 67 is in a disc-shaped structure, two lead screw 68 the surface sliding connection of walking post 66 is the fixed plate 63 of cuboid structure, two fixed plate 63's lateral wall top border department fixed connection the connecting plate 64, connecting plate 64 with contained angle between the fixed plate 63 is 45 degrees, two fixed connection of surface bottom department of connecting plate 64 scraper blade 65, scraper blade 65 with contained angle between the connecting plate 64 is 45 degrees, two distance between scraper blade 65 is less than the diameter of workbin 11, will during the sample drill bit 13 inserts the inside of the hole dug, will have the hexagonal sleeve block of stock in sleeve 61, anticlockwise rotation sleeve 61 realizes connecting shaft 62 will fixed block 51 is anticlockwise, the same thing is first fluted disc 52 anticlockwise rotation, further realization second fluted disc 53 clockwise rotates, another first fluted disc 52 anticlockwise rotation, the second gear plate 53 further rotates clockwise, and the screw rods 68 further rotate clockwise to move the two fixing plates 63 back and forth on the traveling columns 66 and the screw rods 68, so that the scraper 65 at the top of the connecting plate 64 is finally inserted into the soil.
Specifically, the driving mechanism 4 includes a motor 41, a crank 42, a connecting rod 43, a piston 44, a fixed cylinder 45 and a pull rod 46, the motor 41 is installed on the side wall of the fixed column 2, the crank 42 in the zigzag structure penetrates through the inside of the fixed column 2 to be rotatably connected with the motor 41, the surface of the crank 42 is rotatably connected with one end of the connecting rod 43, the other end of the connecting rod 43 is rotatably connected with the piston 44 located inside the fixed cylinder 45, the fixed cylinder 45 is fixed on the side wall of the fixed column 2, the pull rod 46 penetrates through the inside of the fixed cylinder 45 to be fixedly connected with the bottom of the piston 44, the motor 41 is powered on during sampling, the crank 42 drives the connecting rod 43 to slide the piston 44 up and down in the fixed cylinder 45 in a reciprocating manner, and further, the pull rod 46 at the bottom of the piston 44 moves up and down to drive the adjusting mechanism 7 to fix the mounting box 3 in the fixed state The surface of the column 2 slides up and down.
Specifically, the adjusting mechanism 7 includes a fixed pipe 71, a transmission rod 72, a fixed nut 73 and scale marks 74, the pull rod 46 with an inverted T-shaped cross section is sleeved inside the fixed pipe 71 with a hollow cylindrical structure, one end of the transmission rod 72 is fixed to the side of the mounting box 3, the other end of the transmission rod 72 is fixed inside the fixed pipe 71 through the fixed nut 73, the scale marks 74 for measuring the sampling depth are arranged on the side wall of the fixed column 2, samples of the soil with different depths are taken as required, the depth of the mounting box 3 is observed through the scale marks 74, the distance is determined, the transmission rod 72 slides up and down inside the fixed pipe 71 to realize the sampling depth, if the soil with deeper depth needs to be sampled, the distance between the transmission rod 72 and the pull rod 46 is increased, if the distance between the transmission rod 72 and the pull rod 46 is reduced when shallow soil is sampled, the transmission rod 72 moves up and down to realize that the mounting box 3 moves up and down on the surface of the fixed column 2, so that the scraper 65 scrapes the soil at the position to be sampled down to the inside of the material box 11, the sleeve 61 is rotated anticlockwise after sampling is finished, the lead screw 68 is rotated anticlockwise to relatively move the two fixing plates 63, and therefore the integral structure is taken out of a hole.
When the device is used, firstly, the depth of the mounting box 3 is observed through the scale mark 74, the distance is determined, the driving rod 72 slides up and down in the fixed pipe 71 to realize the sampling depth, if the soil with the deeper depth needs to be sampled, the distance between the driving rod 72 and the pull rod 46 is increased, if the soil with the shallower depth needs to be sampled, the distance between the driving rod 72 and the pull rod 46 is reduced, during sampling, the hexagonal sleeve with the long rod is clamped on the sleeve 61, the sleeve 61 is rotated anticlockwise to realize that the connecting shaft 62 rotates the fixed block 51 anticlockwise, similarly, the first fluted disc 52 rotates anticlockwise, the second fluted disc 53 rotates clockwise, the other first fluted disc 52 rotates anticlockwise, the second fluted disc 53 rotates clockwise, the two screw rods 68 rotate clockwise to enable the two fixed plates 63 to move on the walking columns 66 and the screw rods 68 in a reverse direction, and finally, the scraper 65 at the top of the connecting plate 64 is inserted into the soil, the motor 41 is powered on, the crank 42 drives the connecting rod 43 to slide the piston 44 up and down in the fixed cylinder 45, the pull rod 46 at the bottom of the piston 44 moves up and down to drive the adjusting structure 7 to slide the mounting box 3 up and down on the surface of the fixed column 2, the driving rod 72 moves up and down to realize the mounting box 3 moves up and down on the surface of the fixed column 2, the whole body is placed in an excavated cavity, when the drill bit 13 enters the cavity, the scraping blade 12 cleans sand and stones on the side wall of the cavity, sand and stones which do not need to be sampled are prevented from entering the inside of the material box 11, the scraping blade 65 scrapes soil at a position which needs to be sampled down to the inside of the material box 11, the sleeve 61 is rotated counterclockwise after sampling is finished, the lead screw 68 rotates counterclockwise to move the two fixing plates 63 relatively, the whole structure is taken out of the cavity, and.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and the embodiments and descriptions given above are only illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (3)
1. A portable geological exploration sampling method, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, cleaning the surface of the sampling position to facilitate drilling;
s2, drilling holes by using the drill rod;
s3, extracting the soil with different depths by using a soil sampler;
s4, filling the soil taken out in the S3 into a collecting bag for sealing and storing for later use;
the soil sampler adopted by the method comprises a charging mechanism (1), a fixed column (2), a mounting box (3), a driving mechanism (4), two transmission mechanisms (5), two sampling mechanisms (6) and an adjusting mechanism (7); the top of the charging mechanism (1) for containing sampling soil is fixedly connected with the fixed column (2) which is of a cylindrical structure, the surface of the fixed column (2) is fixedly connected with the mounting box (3) for mounting the transmission mechanism (5) and the sampling mechanism (6), the two transmission mechanisms (5) are symmetrically arranged in the fixed column (2) in the mounting box (3), the two transmission mechanisms (5) are oppositely provided with the sampling mechanism (6) for sampling, the side wall of the fixed column (2) is provided with the driving mechanism (4) positioned at the top of the mounting box (3), the bottom of the driving mechanism (4) is provided with the adjusting mechanism (7) for adjusting the sampling depth, the other end of the adjusting mechanism (7) is fixed at the top of the mounting box (3);
the charging mechanism (1) comprises a feed box (11), a scraping blade (12) and a drill bit (13), the bottom of the fixed column (2) is fixedly connected with the feed box (11) which is of a hollow cylindrical structure and is provided with an opening at the top for containing sampling soil, the bottom of the feed box (11) is fixedly connected with the drill bit (13) which is of a conical structure, and the scraping blade (12) for scraping soil on the side wall of the hole is arranged on the side wall of the drill bit (13) at equal intervals;
the transmission mechanism (5) comprises a fixed block (51), a first fluted disc (52), a second fluted disc (53), a rotating shaft (54) and a fixed shell (55), two fixed shells (55) are mounted inside the mounting box (63), two rotating shafts (54) which are symmetrically positioned on the fixed column (2) are mounted inside the two fixed shells (55), the two rotating shafts (54) are rotatably connected to the bottom of the mounting box (3), the tops of the two rotating shafts (54) are fixedly connected with the fixed block (51) which is of a cylindrical structure, the surfaces of the two fixed blocks (51) are fixedly connected with the first fluted disc (52), the first fluted disc (52) is meshed with the second fluted disc (53), and the first fluted disc (52) is perpendicular to the second fluted disc (53);
the sampling mechanism (6) comprises a sleeve (61), a connecting shaft (62), a fixing plate (63), a connecting plate (64), a scraper (65), a walking column (66), a limiting piece (67) and a screw rod (68), the top of the mounting box (3) penetrates through the connecting shaft (62) and the connecting shaft (62) which are respectively fixedly connected with two fixing blocks (51), the top of the connecting shaft (62) is fixedly connected with the sleeve (61), the connecting shaft (62) penetrates through the mounting box (3), the fixing shell (55) is welded with the tops of the fixing blocks (51), the side wall of the second fluted disc (53) is fixedly connected with the screw rod (68), the screw rod (68) penetrates through the fixing shell (55) and the outer side wall of the mounting box (3), the outer side wall of the mounting box (3) is provided with two walking columns (66) which are of a cylindrical structure and are arranged in a triangular shape with the screw rod (68), lead screw (68) with the same lateral wall fixedly connected with of walking post (66) is disc structure spacing piece (67), two lead screw (68) the surface sliding connection of walking post (66) is the cuboid structure fixed plate (63), two fixed connection is located at the lateral wall top border of fixed plate (63) connecting plate (64), connecting plate (64) with contained angle between fixed plate (63) is 45 degrees, two fixed connection is located to the surface bottom of connecting plate (64) scraper blade (65), scraper blade (65) with contained angle between connecting plate (64) is 45 degrees, two distance between scraper blade (65) is less than the diameter of workbin (11).
2. The portable geological exploration sampling method of claim 1, wherein: the driving mechanism (4) comprises a motor (41), a crank (42), a connecting rod (43), a piston (44), a fixed cylinder (45) and a pull rod (46), the motor (41) is installed on the side wall of the fixed cylinder (2), the crank (42) in a structure like a Chinese character 'ji' penetrates through the inside of the fixed cylinder (2) and is connected with the motor (41) in a rotating mode, the surface of the crank (42) is connected with one end of the connecting rod (43) in a rotating mode, the other end of the connecting rod (43) is connected with the piston (44) located inside the fixed cylinder (45) in a rotating mode, the fixed cylinder (45) is fixed on the side wall of the fixed cylinder (2), and the pull rod (46) penetrates through the inside of the fixed cylinder (45) and is fixedly connected with the bottom of the piston (44).
3. The portable geological exploration sampling method of claim 2, wherein: the adjusting mechanism (7) comprises a fixed pipe (71), a transmission rod (72), a fixed nut (73) and scale marks (74), the pull rod (46) with the section of an inverted T-shaped structure is sleeved inside the fixed pipe (71) with a hollow cylindrical structure, one end of the transmission rod (72) is fixed on the side of the mounting box (3), the other end of the transmission rod (72) is fixed inside the fixed pipe (71) through the fixed nut (73), and the scale marks (74) used for measuring sampling depth are arranged on the side wall of the fixed column (2).
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| CN109556915A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-02 | 哈工大机器人义乌人工智能研究院 | The soil sample collector that automatic sampling loads |
| CN111257033A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-06-09 | 朱静舟 | Sampling device for detecting material toxicity of toy building blocks |
| CN114086950B (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2023-03-10 | 航天凯天环保科技股份有限公司 | Geological exploration sampling method |
| CN114184418B (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2023-10-27 | 山东省物化探勘查院 | Geological exploration crushing and sampling device |
| CN115267918B (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2022-12-09 | 山东省煤田地质局物探测量队 | Intelligent data acquisition device for coal field geological geophysical exploration |
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