CN109056633B - Flood control and debris flow prevention geological disaster control system and method - Google Patents
Flood control and debris flow prevention geological disaster control system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109056633B CN109056633B CN201811061057.7A CN201811061057A CN109056633B CN 109056633 B CN109056633 B CN 109056633B CN 201811061057 A CN201811061057 A CN 201811061057A CN 109056633 B CN109056633 B CN 109056633B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/02—Stream regulation, e.g. breaking up subaqueous rock, cleaning the beds of waterways, directing the water flow
- E02B3/023—Removing sediments
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/06—Spillways; Devices for dissipation of energy, e.g. for reducing eddies also for lock or dry-dock gates
Abstract
The invention relates to a flood control and debris flow prevention geological disaster prevention system and method, and belongs to the technical field of geological disaster prevention. The geological disaster prevention and control system comprises a separation system, an energy dissipation system, a silt stopping and dredging system and a water diversion canal, wherein the separation system comprises more than 1 stone blocking ditches and water blocking gates, the energy dissipation system comprises a speed reduction groove, an anti-climbing baffle, an anti-impact baffle and a silt separating channel, and the silt stopping and dredging system comprises a silt stopping pond, a silt inlet, a water diversion groove, a silt discharging gate and a silt discharging channel. According to the invention, the explosion characteristics and the material source properties of the debris flow and the flood are fully considered, the separation system, the energy dissipation system, the silt stopping and dredging system and the water channel are arranged to dissipate energy of the debris flow, and if the debris flow or the flood flow is overlarge and the impact force is overlarge, the multistage flood prevention and geological disaster prevention and control system for preventing the debris flow can be arranged along the outer side of the river channel or the valley, so that the graded energy dissipation and reduction of the debris flow are realized, the graded components control the debris flow disasters, and the geological disaster prevention and control of the flood and the debris flow are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a flood control and debris flow prevention geological disaster prevention system and method, and belongs to the technical field of geological disaster prevention.
Background
Debris flow refers to a special flood flow which is excited by rainfall, ice and snow melting or other water source conditions such as water body breaking and the like and contains a large amount of sediment and stones and moves along slopes or valleys under the action of gravity. It is considered as a mixture of earth, water and gas, and is often exploded in mountainous areas or other gully-gully areas where the terrain is dangerous. The debris flow has the characteristics of frequent occurrence, burst, mass occurrence and the like, has high flow speed, large flow rate and large material capacity in the explosion process, and has extremely high destructiveness under the action of gravitational potential energy. Therefore, the mud-rock flow often breaks towns, mines and villages, causes casualties of people and animals, damages houses and other engineering facilities, and damages crops, forests and cultivated lands. In addition, debris flow sometimes can foul the river channel, not only blocking shipping, but also potentially causing floods.
In western mountain areas of China, due to complex geological conditions, geological disasters frequently occur, and a large amount of casualties and property losses are caused. In all geological disasters, the debris flow disasters occupy a great proportion, and the safety of people and property is highly endangered. Therefore, research on the occurrence mechanism of the debris flow and early warning and prevention of the debris flow are necessary. However, since the debris flow mostly occurs in areas such as mountain areas where people smoke is rare, and the disaster mechanism is complex, experimental conditions cannot completely simulate the occurrence process, so that the research on the occurrence mechanism of the debris flow is still imperfect at present. Therefore, the pre-disaster early warning and post-disaster prevention and control methods are mainly adopted at present.
At present, the prevention and treatment method for the debris flow mainly comprises the following steps: (1) crossing engineering: bridge and culvert are built, and the bridge and culvert is spanned and passed through from the upper side of the debris flow ditch, so that the debris flow is discharged below the bridge and culvert, and the debris flow is prevented. (2) Through engineering: the tunnel, the open cave or the aqueduct is repaired, and the mud-rock flow passes through the lower part of the mud-rock flow and is discharged from the upper part of the mud-rock flow. (3) Protection engineering: the bridge, tunnel, roadbed and mountain area transition river with concentrated mud-rock flow are used as protecting building to prevent or eliminate the damage of mud-rock flow to main building. (4) And (3) drainage and guide engineering: the mud-rock flow drainage device has the effects of improving the mud-rock flow potential, increasing the drainage capacity of buildings such as bridges and the like, and enabling mud-rock flow to be smoothly drained according to design intention. The drainage engineering comprises a diversion dike, a rapid trough, a beam dike and the like. (5) Blocking engineering: the method is used for controlling solid matters of the debris flow, storm and flood runoff, weakening the flow, the downward discharge and the energy of the debris flow, and reducing engineering measures of harm of the debris flow to downstream constructional engineering such as scouring, impact, siltation and the like. The blocking measures are as follows: a slag dam, a silt storage field, a retaining engineering, a flood interception engineering and the like.
In the actual debris flow prevention and treatment process, the debris flow is mostly prevented and treated by adopting the modes of arranging diversion trenches and the like to dredge the debris flow, reinforcing pre-protecting buildings or facilities in a reinforcing mode, arranging a blocking device to eliminate the flow and energy of the debris flow and the like. These conventional approaches have mainly the following problems: (1) the construction cost is high and the construction difficulty is high; (2) the prevention and control purposes are single, and great resource waste can be caused; (3) disaster products cannot be well treated after the debris flow is prevented, and a great amount of manpower and financial resources are consumed for removing debris flow sediments; (4) the use limit is larger, and the requirement of recycling can not be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a flood control and debris flow prevention geological disaster prevention system and method aiming at the problems of the prior art in river or valley debris flow prevention and treatment.
The invention adopts the technical proposal for solving the technical problems that:
a geological disaster prevention system for flood control and debris flow prevention, which comprises a separation system, an energy dissipation system, a silt stopping and dredging system and a water channel 19,
the separation system comprises more than 1 stone blocking ditches 3 and water blocking gates, wherein the more than 1 stone blocking ditches 3 are arranged at the upstream of the river channel 1 in a grading way perpendicular to the water flow direction of the river channel 1, the water blocking gates comprise a control system water blocking gate 2 and a river channel water blocking gate 4, the river channel water blocking gate 4 is arranged in the river channel 1 and at the downstream of the stone blocking ditches 3, and the river channel water blocking gate 4 is perpendicular to the water flow direction in the river channel 1;
the energy dissipation system comprises a speed reduction groove 7, an anti-climbing baffle 10, an anti-impact baffle 11 and a silt separating channel 12, wherein the top end of the speed reduction groove 7 is opened, the speed reduction groove 7 is arranged on one side of a river channel 1, the speed reduction groove 7 is positioned at the upstream of a river channel water blocking gate 4, a control system water blocking gate 2 is arranged at the communication position of the speed reduction groove 7 and the river channel 1, the control system water blocking gate 2 is fixedly connected with the river channel water blocking gate 4, the control system water blocking gate 2 is communicated with the top end of the river channel water blocking gate 4 to form a pedestrian passageway, the speed reduction groove 7 comprises a speed reduction straight channel and a speed reduction bend 9 which are communicated with each other, the top of the speed reduction bend 9 is provided with the anti-climbing baffle 10, the inner wall of the speed reduction bend 9 is provided with the anti-impact baffle 11, the top of the side end of the speed reduction groove 7 is provided with the silt separating channel 12 communicated with the speed reduction groove 7, and the other end of the silt separating channel 12 is communicated with the river channel;
the dredging system comprises a dredging pond 14, a dredging inlet 13, a water diversion groove 15, a dredging gate 17 and a dredging channel 18, wherein the dredging inlet 13 is arranged at the side end of the dredging pond 14, the dredging inlet 13 is communicated with the tail end of the speed reducing groove 7, the dredging gate 17 is arranged at the other end of the dredging pond 14 opposite to the dredging inlet 13, the water diversion groove 15 is arranged on the wall of the top end of the dredging pond 14 along the mud flow direction, the water diversion groove 15 is communicated with the dredging inlet 13 through the water diversion gate, a plurality of water outlets 16 are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the water diversion groove 15, the water outlets 16 are communicated with the inside of the dredging pond 14, one end of the dredging channel 18 is communicated with the dredging gate 17, the other end of the dredging channel is communicated with the river channel 1, the water diversion channel 19 is arranged at one side of the dredging channel 18, the water flow direction of the water diversion channel 19 is opposite to the mud flow direction of the dredging channel 18, and the water diversion channel 19 is communicated with the dredging gate 17;
the stone blocking groove 3 is rectangular along the water flow direction of the river channel, a downward rectangular groove is formed in the bottom end of the middle of the stone blocking groove 3, rectangular steps communicated with the bottom plane of the stone blocking groove 3 are formed in the side ends of the rectangular groove, and the rectangular steps are arranged at the water inlet end of the rectangular groove; the distance between the bottom end of the silt separating channel 12 and the top end of the speed reducing groove 7 is 20% of the height of the inner groove of the speed reducing groove 7;
the water blocking gate comprises a water blocking column, blocking bars 5, gate frames and a gate 6, wherein the water blocking column is vertically and fixedly arranged in a river channel 1, the blocking bars 5 are fixedly arranged at the front end of the water blocking column, the blocking bars 5 are vertical to the water flow direction in the river channel 1, gate grooves are vertically formed in the middle of the side ends of the water blocking column, the gate grooves of adjacent water blocking columns are matched to form the gate frames, the gate 6 is vertically and slidably arranged in a gate frame, the gate 6 can vertically slide in the gate frame, the gate 6 comprises a plurality of cement boards vertically overlapped, the outer wall of the middle part of each cement board is provided with a steel bar hook I, and a steel wire rope I connected with the steel bar hook I is arranged on the steel bar hook I of each cement board;
the bottom of the speed reducing groove 7 is fixedly and uniformly provided with a plurality of speed reducing piles 8, the speed reducing piles 8 are of triangular prism structures which are transversely placed, one surface of each triangular prism is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the speed reducing groove 7, the section of each triangular prism is a right triangle, a first right-angle side of each right triangle is arranged on the bottom surface of the speed reducing groove 7, a second right-angle side is vertically upwards arranged at the front end of each first right-angle side, and the included angle between each bevel edge and each first right-angle side is 30-45 degrees;
the section of the speed reducing curve 9 is trapezoid, and the upper side length of the trapezoid is smaller than the lower side length of the trapezoid;
the anti-climbing baffle 10 is an arc-shaped top cover, the arc-shaped top cover is fixedly arranged at the top of the speed reduction bend 9 through a connecting buckle, the anti-impact baffle 11 comprises an impact steel plate and a rubber layer, the rubber layer is fixedly arranged on the impact steel plate through adhesive vulcanization, and the rubber layer is close to the inner wall of the speed reduction bend 9;
the silt inlet 13 is of a gradually enlarged structure, and the width of the silt inlet end of the silt inlet 13 is smaller than that of the silt outlet end of the silt inlet 13;
the side wall of the silt stopping tank 14 is vertically provided with a silt discharging chute, a silt discharging gate 17 is arranged in the silt discharging chute in a sliding manner, the silt discharging gate 17 comprises a plurality of vertically overlapped steel plates, the outer wall of the middle part of each steel plate is provided with a steel bar hook II, and the steel bar hook II of each steel plate is provided with a steel wire rope II connected with the steel bar hook II;
further, the section of the silt stopping tank 14 is a trapezoid, the upper bottom edge of the trapezoid is wider than the lower bottom edge of the trapezoid, the acute angle formed by the waist of the trapezoid and the bottom edge of the trapezoid is alpha, and the alpha is larger than the natural repose angle of silt; the sediment on the side wall of the sediment stop tank 14 slides to the bottom along the slope under the action of water flow, and flows out of the sediment stop tank 14 under the drive of the water flow at the bottom, thus completing automatic dredging of the sediment stop tank 14.
A method for preventing and controlling geological disasters of debris flow adopts a flood control and debris flow prevention geological disaster prevention system, and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) When a geological disaster of the debris flow occurs, the debris flow enters a river course, and a stone blocking ditch at the upstream of the river course intercepts and separates large-scale stones in the debris flow;
(2) Gradually overlapping and sliding cement plates of a river channel water blocking gate into a gate frame, gradually sliding cement plates of a control system water blocking gate out of the gate frame to enable debris flow in the river channel to be shunted into a speed reducing groove of an energy dissipating system, and intercepting and separating sundries such as trees in the debris flow by the river channel water blocking gate at the downstream of the stone blocking groove in the river channel and the control system water blocking gate; the vertical surface of the speed reducing pile of the speed reducing groove is contacted with the debris flow to reduce the speed of the debris flow; when the debris flow passes through the speed reduction bend, the anti-impact baffle plate prevents the high-speed impact of the debris flow from damaging the dam body of the speed reduction groove, the anti-climbing baffle plate limits the climbed debris flow in the speed reduction groove and enables the climbed debris flow to flow back into the speed reduction groove to impact the debris flow in the speed reduction groove so as to reduce the flow speed of the debris flow;
(3) Closing the water diversion groove, closing the dredging gate, enabling the shunt quantity to enter the dredging pond through a dredging inlet with narrow inlet and wide outlet after the debris flow in the speed reduction groove is slowed down, enabling the shunt quantity to enter the dredging channel when the height of the debris flow in the speed reduction groove after the speed reduction exceeds the bottom end of the dredging channel, and enabling the debris of the dredging channel to flow back into the river channel; when the mud-rock flow is settled and layered in a silt stopping pond, gradually overlapping and sliding a cement plate of a water blocking gate of a control system into the height of a lifting gate in a gate frame to cut off the mud-rock flow and enter a speed reducing groove, enabling the mud-rock flow in the silt stopping pond to stop and layer to obtain upper water and lower mud, sequentially sliding a steel plate of a silt discharging gate out of the silt discharging chute from top to bottom, discharging the upper water in the silt stopping pond into a river channel through a silt discharging channel or introducing the upper water into an irrigation system through a water channel; gradually sliding a cement plate of a water blocking gate of the control system out of a gate frame, introducing water of a river channel into a speed reducing groove, directly entering the silt stopping pond through a silt inlet, opening a water guiding gate at the front end of the water guiding groove to introduce water into the water guiding groove, and flushing the side wall of the silt stopping pond by water in the water guiding groove from a water outlet hole, wherein silt at the bottom of the silt stopping pond is discharged from a silt discharging gate under the action of water flow and is discharged into the river channel through a silt discharging channel.
A flood geological disaster prevention and control method adopts a flood and debris flow prevention geological disaster prevention and control system, and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) When flood geological disasters occur, flood flows into the river channel, and stone blocking ditches at the upstream of the river channel intercept and separate stones mixed in the flood flow;
(2) Gradually overlapping and sliding cement plates of a river channel water blocking gate into a gate frame, gradually sliding cement plates of a control system water blocking gate out of the gate frame to enable flood flow in the river channel to be split into a speed reduction groove of an energy dissipation system, and intercepting and separating sundries such as trees in flood flow by the river channel water blocking gate at the downstream of a stone blocking groove in the river channel and the control system water blocking gate; the vertical surface of the speed reducing pile of the speed reducing groove is contacted with flood flow to reduce the speed of the flood flow; hong Shuiliu when passing through the speed reducing bend, the anti-impact baffle plate prevents the high-speed impact of the flood flow from damaging the dam body of the speed reducing groove, and the anti-climbing baffle plate limits the climbing flood flow in the speed reducing groove and enables the flood which has been climbing to flow back into the flood flow in the speed reducing groove to reduce the flow speed of the flood;
(3) Closing the water diversion groove, closing the dredging gate, enabling the diversion flow in the speed reduction groove to enter the dredging pond through a narrow inlet and a wide outlet after the flood flow in the speed reduction groove is slowed down, enabling the diversion flow to enter the dredging channel when the flood flow height in the speed reduction groove after the flood flow speed reduction exceeds the bottom end of the dredging channel, and enabling the water in the dredging channel to flow back into the river channel; when flood is accumulated in a silt stopping pond, gradually overlapping and sliding cement plates of a water blocking gate of a control system into a gate frame to lift the height of the gate so as to cut off the flood from entering a speed reducing groove, gradually settling and layering silt in the flood to obtain upper-layer water and lower-layer silt when the flood is accumulated in the silt stopping pond, sequentially sliding a steel plate of a silt discharging gate out of a silt discharging chute from top to bottom, and discharging the upper-layer water in the silt stopping pond into a river channel through a silt discharging channel or introducing the upper-layer water into an irrigation system through a water channel; gradually sliding a cement plate of a water blocking gate of the control system out of a gate frame, introducing water of a river channel into a speed reducing groove, directly entering the silt stopping pond through a silt inlet, opening a water guiding gate at the front end of the water guiding groove to introduce water into the water guiding groove, and flushing the side wall of the silt stopping pond by water in the water guiding groove from a water outlet hole, wherein silt at the bottom of the silt stopping pond is discharged from a silt discharging gate under the action of water flow and is discharged into the river channel through a silt discharging channel.
The mud-rock flow enters the river course and moves along the river course under the drive of mud-rock flow in the course of movement, the large-scale stone is mainly distributed in the lower floor of the mud-rock flow under the action of gravity, set up the downward rectangular recess in the bottom of the ditch of blocking the stone can separate the large-scale stone in the mud-rock flow out, reduce the impact strength of the mud-rock flow; the side end of the rectangular groove is provided with a rectangular step communicated with the bottom plane of the stone blocking groove 3, so that large-scale stones in the rectangular groove of the stone blocking groove can be conveniently cleaned; after the debris flow bursts, the large-scale stone can be automatically stopped in the stone blocking ditch after the debris flow passes through the stone blocking ditch, so that the river channel is not blocked, and the harm of the debris flow can be reduced;
the interception fence of the water blocking gate can separate trees and fragments entrained in the debris flow or flood, so that the debris flow entering the control system is ensured not to contain excessive other substances, and the damage to the system is prevented;
when flood and debris flow do not occur, the separation system can be controlled to enable water flow to enter the whole system, the silt stopping pond can be used as a reservoir, a certain amount of water can be reserved, and the system has a certain water conservancy function when being idle under the action of the water inlet channel;
the energy dissipation system is used for reducing the movement speed of the debris flow, reducing the damage energy of the debris flow, and controlling the debris flow to enter the silt stopping pond without damaging the silt stopping pond; the inlet of the speed reducing groove is rectangular with gradient, the debris flow passes through the overflow area A of the speed reducing groove, and the flow calculation formula is adopted
The debris flow entering the speed reducing groove is obtained through calculation and is controlled, so that the debris flow entering the system does not exceed the capacity of the silt stopping pond, and meanwhile, the peak flow of the debris flow passing through the speed reducing groove can be measured, and data are provided for researching the movement rule of the debris flow; when the debris flow passes through the speed reduction bend, the debris flow gradually climbs up along the speed reduction bend due to the DC property of the debris flow, the climbing process gradually consumes the energy of the debris flow, and the flow speed of the debris flow is further reduced; the anti-climbing baffle plate is used for enabling the debris flow which climbs to a certain degree to return to the speed reducing groove again, enabling the debris flow at the climbing part to fall down and impact the debris flow in the speed reducing groove to further reduce speed, and preventing the debris flow from excessively climbing up to destroy a dam or a dam; the anti-impact baffle is used as a protection energy-absorbing device, so that the impact energy of the debris flow is huge, and the damage of the debris flow to the dam body is prevented;
the dredging channel can ensure that the debris flow entering the dredging pond is controlled at a better storage capacity of the dredging pond, is arranged at a speed reduction curve, and is designed to be according to a curve superhigh formula of the diluted debris flow
Wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,is the curve superhigh value, unit m; k is the curve superhigh coefficient, and k=2 is often taken; v is the average flow velocity of the debris flow in m/s; r is the radius of the curve, in m. The bottom of the dredging channel is positioned at the height of +.>At 80% of (2), let exceed +.>20% of the 80% of the height of the mud-rock flow enters the river channel through the mud-dividing channel, so that the flow of the mud-rock flow entering the mud-rock stopping pond can be further reduced. In addition, due to the existence of the gradient, when the silt stopping pond is almost full, the redundant debris flow can be discharged into the river channel through the silt separating channel.
The flow velocity of the debris flow is reduced after the debris flow passes through the energy dissipation system, so that the flow velocity can not impact and damage the silt stopping pond when the debris flow enters the silt stopping pond, the impact energy of the debris flow can be reduced or eliminated sharply, and the probability of causing casualties and property loss is reduced.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The geological disaster prevention and treatment system for preventing flood and preventing debris flow fully utilizes the dredging capability of river water flow to automatically dredge debris flow disaster products, solves the problem that sludge is not well treated after debris flow disaster in the past debris flow prevention engineering, can automatically realize the dredging process by water flow, and saves a large amount of manpower and material resources;
(2) According to the flood control and debris flow prevention geological disaster prevention system, debris flow disaster control is combined with flood control, so that the utilization rate of the system is greatly increased, sludge after debris flow disaster is automatically removed, the service life of the system is greatly prolonged, and resource waste is greatly avoided;
(3) The invention has lower use limit and can be reasonably used in river or valley areas; the invention has relatively simple structural design and universality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a flood and debris flow control geological disaster control system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a stone blocking ditch;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a stone blocking trench;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a water gate structure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a speed reducing groove structure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a speed bump structure;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a speed bump;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a structure of a deceleration pile;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an impact shield;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of an anti-climb baffle structure;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a silt stopping pond;
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a silt stopping pond;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the engagement of the inlet with the gutter;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a dredging gate;
wherein: 1-river, 2-control system water gate, 3-stone blocking ditch, 4-river water gate, 5-interception fence, 6-gate, 7-speed reduction groove, 8-speed reduction pile, 9-speed reduction bend, 10-climbing prevention baffle, 11-impact prevention baffle, 12-silt separation channel, 13-silt inlet, 14-silt stopping pond, 15-water diversion groove, 16-water outlet, 17-silt discharging gate, 18-silt discharging channel and 19-water diversion channel.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following specific embodiments.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1-14, a geological disaster prevention system for flood control and debris flow prevention comprises a separation system, an energy dissipation system, a silt stopping and dredging system and a water channel 19,
the separation system comprises 3 stone retaining ditches 3 and water retaining gates, the 3 stone retaining ditches 3 are arranged on the upstream of the river channel 1 in a grading manner perpendicular to the water flow direction of the river channel 1, the water retaining gates comprise a control system water retaining gate 2 and a river channel water retaining gate 4, the river channel water retaining gate 4 is arranged in the river channel 1 and is arranged on the downstream of the stone retaining ditches 3, and the river channel water retaining gate 4 is perpendicular to the water flow direction in the river channel 1;
the energy dissipation system comprises a speed reduction groove 7, an anti-climbing baffle 10, an anti-impact baffle 11 and a silt separating channel 12, wherein the top end of the speed reduction groove 7 is opened, the speed reduction groove 7 is arranged on one side of a river channel 1, the speed reduction groove 7 is positioned at the upstream of a river channel water blocking gate 4, a control system water blocking gate 2 is arranged at the communication position of the speed reduction groove 7 and the river channel 1, the control system water blocking gate 2 is fixedly connected with the river channel water blocking gate 4, the control system water blocking gate 2 is communicated with the top end of the river channel water blocking gate 4 to form a pedestrian passageway, the speed reduction groove 7 comprises a speed reduction straight channel and a speed reduction bend 9 which are communicated with each other, the top of the speed reduction bend 9 is provided with the anti-climbing baffle 10, the inner wall of the speed reduction bend 9 is provided with the anti-impact baffle 11, the top of the side end of the speed reduction groove 7 is provided with the silt separating channel 12 communicated with the speed reduction groove 7, and the other end of the silt separating channel 12 is communicated with the river channel;
the dredging system comprises a dredging pond 14, a dredging inlet 13, a water diversion groove 15, a dredging gate 17 and a dredging channel 18, wherein the dredging inlet 13 is arranged at the side end of the dredging pond 14, the dredging inlet 13 is communicated with the tail end of the speed reducing groove 7, the dredging gate 17 is arranged at the other end of the dredging pond 14 opposite to the dredging inlet 13, the water diversion groove 15 is arranged on the wall of the top end of the dredging pond 14 along the mud flow direction, the water diversion groove 15 is communicated with the dredging inlet 13 through the water diversion gate, a plurality of water outlets 16 are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the water diversion groove 15, the water outlets 16 are communicated with the inside of the dredging pond 14, one end of the dredging channel 18 is communicated with the dredging gate 17, the other end of the dredging channel is communicated with the river channel 1, the water diversion channel 19 is arranged at one side of the dredging channel 18, the water flow direction of the water diversion channel 19 is opposite to the mud flow direction of the dredging channel 18, and the water diversion channel 19 is communicated with the dredging gate 17;
in this embodiment, the stone blocking groove 3 is rectangular along the water flow direction of the river channel, the bottom end of the middle part of the stone blocking groove 3 is provided with a downward rectangular groove, the side end of the rectangular groove is provided with a rectangular step communicated with the bottom plane of the stone blocking groove 3, and the rectangular step is arranged at the water inlet end of the rectangular groove; the distance between the bottom end of the silt separating channel 12 and the top end of the speed reducing groove 7 is 20% of the height of the inner groove of the speed reducing groove 7;
the water blocking gate comprises a water blocking column, a blocking fence 5, gate frames and a gate 6, wherein the water blocking column is vertically and fixedly arranged in a river course 1, the blocking fence 5 is fixedly arranged at the front end of the water blocking column, the blocking fence 5 is vertical to the water flow direction in the river course 1, gate grooves are vertically formed in the middle of the side end of the water blocking column, the gate grooves of adjacent water blocking columns are matched to form the gate frames, the gate 6 is vertically and slidably arranged in a gate frame, the gate 6 can vertically slide in the gate frame, the gate 6 comprises a plurality of cement boards which are vertically overlapped, the outer wall of the middle part of each cement board is provided with a steel bar hook I, and a steel wire rope I connected with the steel bar hook I is arranged on the steel bar hook I of each cement board;
according to the embodiment, a plurality of deceleration piles 8 are uniformly and fixedly arranged at the bottom of the deceleration tank 7, the deceleration piles 8 are of triangular prism structures which are transversely placed, one surface of each triangular prism is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the deceleration tank 7, the cross section of each triangular prism is a right triangle, a first right-angle side of each right triangle is arranged on the bottom surface of the deceleration tank 7, a second right-angle side is vertically upwards arranged at the front end of each first right-angle side, and an included angle between each inclined side and each first right-angle side is 30 degrees;
the section of the speed reducing curve 9 in the embodiment is trapezoid, and the upper side length of the trapezoid is smaller than the lower side length of the trapezoid;
the anti-climbing baffle 10 is an arc-shaped top cover, the arc-shaped top cover is fixedly arranged at the top of the speed reduction bend 9 through a connecting buckle, the anti-impact baffle 11 comprises an impact steel plate and a rubber layer, the rubber layer is fixedly arranged on the impact steel plate through adhesive vulcanization, and the rubber layer is close to the inner wall of the speed reduction bend 9;
in this embodiment, the silt inlet 13 has a gradually expanding structure, and the width of the silt inlet end of the silt inlet 13 is smaller than the width of the silt outlet end of the silt inlet 13;
the embodiment the silt removing chute has been vertically seted up to silt stopping pond 14 lateral wall, and silt removing gate 17 slides and establishes in silt removing chute, and silt removing gate 17 includes vertical coincide a plurality of steel sheets, and the outer wall at steel sheet middle part is provided with reinforcing bar couple II, is provided with wire rope II who is connected with reinforcing bar couple II on the reinforcing bar couple II of steel sheet.
Example 2: the flood control and debris flow prevention geological disaster control system of this embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, except that: 4 stone blocking grooves 3 of the separation system; the speed reducing pile 8 is of a triangular prism structure which is transversely placed, one surface of the triangular prism is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the speed reducing groove 7, the section of the triangular prism is a right triangle, a first right-angle side of the right triangle is arranged on the bottom surface of the speed reducing groove 7, a second right-angle side is vertically upwards arranged at the front end of the first right-angle side, and the included angle between the bevel edge and the first right-angle side is 40 degrees;
a method for preventing and controlling geological disasters of debris flow adopts a flood control and debris flow prevention geological disaster prevention system, and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) When a geological disaster of the debris flow occurs, the debris flow enters a river course, and a stone blocking ditch at the upstream of the river course intercepts and separates large-scale stones in the debris flow;
(2) Gradually overlapping and sliding cement plates of a river channel water blocking gate into a gate frame, gradually sliding cement plates of a control system water blocking gate out of the gate frame to enable debris flow in the river channel to be shunted into a speed reducing groove of an energy dissipating system, and intercepting and separating sundries such as trees in the debris flow by the river channel water blocking gate at the downstream of the stone blocking groove in the river channel and the control system water blocking gate; the vertical surface of the speed reducing pile of the speed reducing groove is contacted with the debris flow to reduce the speed of the debris flow; when the debris flow passes through the speed reduction bend, the anti-impact baffle plate prevents the high-speed impact of the debris flow from damaging the dam body of the speed reduction groove, the anti-climbing baffle plate limits the climbed debris flow in the speed reduction groove and enables the climbed debris flow to flow back into the speed reduction groove to impact the debris flow in the speed reduction groove so as to reduce the flow speed of the debris flow;
(3) Closing the water diversion groove, closing the dredging gate, enabling the shunt quantity to enter the dredging pond through a dredging inlet with narrow inlet and wide outlet after the debris flow in the speed reduction groove is slowed down, enabling the shunt quantity to enter the dredging channel when the height of the debris flow in the speed reduction groove after the speed reduction exceeds the bottom end of the dredging channel, and enabling the debris of the dredging channel to flow back into the river channel; when the mud-rock flow is settled and layered in a silt stopping pond, gradually overlapping and sliding a cement plate of a water blocking gate of a control system into the height of a lifting gate in a gate frame to cut off the mud-rock flow and enter a speed reducing groove, enabling the mud-rock flow in the silt stopping pond to stop and layer to obtain upper water and lower mud, sequentially sliding a steel plate of a silt discharging gate out of the silt discharging chute from top to bottom, discharging the upper water in the silt stopping pond into a river channel through a silt discharging channel or introducing the upper water into an irrigation system through a water channel; gradually sliding a cement plate of a water blocking gate of the control system out of a gate frame, introducing water of a river channel into a speed reducing groove, directly entering the silt stopping pond through a silt inlet, opening a water guiding gate at the front end of the water guiding groove to introduce water into the water guiding groove, and flushing the side wall of the silt stopping pond by water in the water guiding groove from a water outlet hole, wherein silt at the bottom of the silt stopping pond is discharged from a silt discharging gate under the action of water flow and is discharged into the river channel through a silt discharging channel.
Example 3: the flood control and debris flow prevention geological disaster control system of this embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, except that: the number of the stone blocking grooves 3 of the separation system is 6; the speed reducing pile 8 is of a triangular prism structure which is transversely placed, one surface of the triangular prism is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the speed reducing groove 7, the section of the triangular prism is a right triangle, a first right-angle side of the right triangle is arranged on the bottom surface of the speed reducing groove 7, a second right-angle side is vertically upwards arranged at the front end of the first right-angle side, and the included angle between the bevel edge and the first right-angle side is 45 degrees;
a flood geological disaster prevention and control method adopts a flood and debris flow prevention geological disaster prevention and control system, and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) When flood geological disasters occur, flood flows into the river channel, and stone blocking ditches at the upstream of the river channel intercept and separate stones mixed in the flood flow;
(2) Gradually overlapping and sliding cement plates of a river channel water blocking gate into a gate frame, gradually sliding cement plates of a control system water blocking gate out of the gate frame to enable flood flow in the river channel to be split into a speed reduction groove of an energy dissipation system, and intercepting and separating sundries such as trees in flood flow by the river channel water blocking gate at the downstream of a stone blocking groove in the river channel and the control system water blocking gate; the vertical surface of the speed reducing pile of the speed reducing groove is contacted with flood flow to reduce the speed of the flood flow; hong Shuiliu when passing through the speed reducing bend, the anti-impact baffle plate prevents the high-speed impact of the flood flow from damaging the dam body of the speed reducing groove, and the anti-climbing baffle plate limits the climbing flood flow in the speed reducing groove and enables the flood which has been climbing to flow back into the flood flow in the speed reducing groove to reduce the flow speed of the flood;
(3) Closing the water diversion groove, closing the dredging gate, enabling the diversion flow in the speed reduction groove to enter the dredging pond through a narrow inlet and a wide outlet after the flood flow in the speed reduction groove is slowed down, enabling the diversion flow to enter the dredging channel when the flood flow height in the speed reduction groove after the flood flow speed reduction exceeds the bottom end of the dredging channel, and enabling the water in the dredging channel to flow back into the river channel; when flood is accumulated in a silt stopping pond, gradually overlapping and sliding cement plates of a water blocking gate of a control system into a gate frame to lift the height of the gate so as to cut off the flood from entering a speed reducing groove, gradually settling and layering silt in the flood to obtain upper-layer water and lower-layer silt when the flood is accumulated in the silt stopping pond, sequentially sliding a steel plate of a silt discharging gate out of a silt discharging chute from top to bottom, and discharging the upper-layer water in the silt stopping pond into a river channel through a silt discharging channel or introducing the upper-layer water into an irrigation system through a water channel; gradually sliding a cement plate of a water blocking gate of the control system out of a gate frame, introducing water of a river channel into a speed reducing groove, directly entering the silt stopping pond through a silt inlet, opening a water guiding gate at the front end of the water guiding groove to introduce water into the water guiding groove, and flushing the side wall of the silt stopping pond by water in the water guiding groove from a water outlet hole, wherein silt at the bottom of the silt stopping pond is discharged from a silt discharging gate under the action of water flow and is discharged into the river channel through a silt discharging channel.
The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for preventing and controlling a debris flow geological disaster is characterized in that a flood control and debris flow prevention geological disaster prevention system is adopted;
the geological disaster prevention system for preventing flood and mud-rock flow comprises a separation system, an energy dissipation system, a silt stopping and dredging system and a water channel (19),
the separation system comprises more than 1 stone blocking ditches (3) and water blocking gates, wherein the more than 1 stone blocking ditches (3) are arranged at the upstream of the river channel (1) in a grading manner perpendicular to the water flow direction of the river channel (1), the water blocking gates comprise a control system water blocking gate (2) and a river channel water blocking gate (4), the river channel water blocking gate (4) is arranged in the river channel (1) and at the downstream of the stone blocking ditches (3), and the river channel water blocking gate (4) is perpendicular to the water flow direction in the river channel (1);
the energy dissipation system comprises a speed reduction groove (7), an anti-climbing baffle (10), an anti-impact baffle (11) and a silt separation channel (12), wherein the top end of the speed reduction groove (7) is opened, the speed reduction groove (7) is arranged on one side of a river channel (1) and is positioned at the upstream of the river channel water blocking gate (4), a control system water blocking gate (2) is arranged at the communication position of the speed reduction groove (7) and the river channel (1), the control system water blocking gate (2) is fixedly connected with the river channel water blocking gate (4) and the control system water blocking gate (2) is communicated with the top end of the river channel water blocking gate (4) to form a pedestrian passageway, the speed reduction groove (7) comprises a speed reduction straight channel and a speed reduction bend (9) which are mutually communicated, the anti-climbing baffle (10) is arranged at the top of the speed reduction bend (9), the anti-impact baffle (11) is arranged at the inner wall of the speed reduction bend (9), the top of the side end of the speed reduction groove (7) is provided with the silt separation channel (12) communicated with the speed reduction groove (7), and the other end of the silt separation channel (12) is communicated with the river channel;
the dredging system comprises a dredging pond (14), a dredging inlet (13), a water diversion groove (15), a dredging gate (17) and a dredging channel (18), wherein the dredging inlet (13) is arranged at the side end of the dredging pond (14) and is communicated with the tail end of the speed reduction groove (7), the dredging gate (17) is arranged at the other end of the dredging pond (14) opposite to the dredging inlet (13), the water diversion groove (15) is formed in the wall of the top end of the dredging pond (14) along the mud flow direction, the water diversion groove (15) is communicated with the dredging inlet (13) through the water diversion gate, a plurality of water outlets (16) are uniformly formed in the inner wall of the water diversion groove (15) and are communicated with the inside of the dredging pond (14), one end of the dredging channel (18) is communicated with the dredging gate (17) and the other end of the dredging channel (1), the channel (19) is formed at one side of the dredging channel (18) and the water flow direction of the dredging channel (19) is opposite to the mud flow direction of the dredging channel (18), and the water diversion gate (19) is communicated with the dredging channel (17).
The water blocking gate comprises a water blocking column, blocking fences (5), gate frames and gates (6), wherein the water blocking column is vertically and fixedly arranged in a river channel (1), the blocking fences (5) are fixedly arranged at the front end of the water blocking column, the blocking fences (5) are perpendicular to the water flow direction in the river channel (1), gate grooves are vertically formed in the middle of the side end of the water blocking column, gate frames are formed by matching gate grooves of adjacent water blocking columns, the gates (6) are vertically and slidably arranged in gate frames, the gates (6) can vertically slide in the gate frames, the gates (6) comprise a plurality of cement plates which are vertically overlapped, reinforcing steel bar hooks I are arranged on the outer walls of the middle parts of the cement plates, and steel wire ropes I connected with the reinforcing steel bar hooks I are arranged on the reinforcing steel bar hooks I of the cement plates;
the bottom of the speed reducing groove (7) is fixedly and uniformly provided with a plurality of speed reducing piles (8), the speed reducing piles (8) are of a triangular prism structure which is transversely placed, one surface of each triangular prism is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the speed reducing groove (7), the section of each triangular prism is a right triangle, a first right-angle side of each right triangle is arranged on the bottom surface of the speed reducing groove (7), a second right-angle side is vertically upwards arranged at the front end of each first right-angle side, and the included angle between each bevel edge and each first right-angle side is 30-45 degrees;
the side wall of the silt stopping tank (14) is vertically provided with a silt discharging chute, a silt discharging gate (17) is arranged in the silt discharging chute in a sliding mode, the silt discharging gate (17) comprises a plurality of vertically overlapped steel plates, the outer wall of the middle of each steel plate is provided with a steel bar hook II, and the steel bar hook II of each steel plate is provided with a steel wire rope II connected with the steel bar hook II;
the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) When a geological disaster of the debris flow occurs, the debris flow enters a river course, and a stone blocking ditch at the upstream of the river course intercepts and separates large-scale stones in the debris flow;
2) Gradually overlapping and sliding cement plates of a river channel water blocking gate into a gate frame, gradually sliding cement plates of a control system water blocking gate out of the gate frame to enable debris flow in the river channel to be shunted into a speed reducing groove of an energy dissipating system, and intercepting and separating debris in the debris flow by the river channel water blocking gate at the downstream of the river channel water blocking groove and the control system water blocking gate; the vertical surface of the speed reducing pile of the speed reducing groove is contacted with the debris flow to reduce the speed of the debris flow; when the debris flow passes through the speed reduction bend, the anti-impact baffle plate prevents the high-speed impact of the debris flow from damaging the dam body of the speed reduction groove, the anti-climbing baffle plate limits the climbed debris flow in the speed reduction groove and enables the climbed debris flow to flow back into the speed reduction groove to impact the debris flow in the speed reduction groove so as to reduce the flow speed of the debris flow;
3) Closing the water diversion groove, closing the dredging gate, enabling the shunt quantity to enter the dredging pond through a dredging inlet with narrow inlet and wide outlet after the debris flow in the speed reduction groove is slowed down, enabling the shunt quantity to enter the dredging channel when the height of the debris flow in the speed reduction groove after the speed reduction exceeds the bottom end of the dredging channel, and enabling the debris of the dredging channel to flow back into the river channel; when the mud-rock flow is settled and layered in a silt stopping pond, gradually overlapping and sliding a cement plate of a water blocking gate of a control system into the height of a lifting gate in a gate frame to cut off the mud-rock flow and enter a speed reducing groove, enabling the mud-rock flow in the silt stopping pond to stop and layer to obtain upper water and lower mud, sequentially sliding a steel plate of a silt discharging gate out of the silt discharging chute from top to bottom, discharging the upper water in the silt stopping pond into a river channel through a silt discharging channel or introducing the upper water into an irrigation system through a water channel; gradually sliding a cement plate of a water blocking gate of the control system out of a gate frame, introducing water of a river channel into a speed reducing groove, directly entering the silt stopping pond through a silt inlet, opening a water guiding gate at the front end of the water guiding groove to introduce water into the water guiding groove, and flushing the side wall of the silt stopping pond by water in the water guiding groove from a water outlet hole, wherein silt at the bottom of the silt stopping pond is discharged from a silt discharging gate under the action of water flow and is discharged into the river channel through a silt discharging channel.
2. A flood geological disaster prevention and control method is characterized in that a flood and debris flow prevention geological disaster prevention and control system is adopted;
the geological disaster prevention system for preventing flood and mud-rock flow comprises a separation system, an energy dissipation system, a silt stopping and dredging system and a water channel (19),
the separation system comprises more than 1 stone blocking ditches (3) and water blocking gates, wherein the more than 1 stone blocking ditches (3) are arranged at the upstream of the river channel (1) in a grading manner perpendicular to the water flow direction of the river channel (1), the water blocking gates comprise a control system water blocking gate (2) and a river channel water blocking gate (4), the river channel water blocking gate (4) is arranged in the river channel (1) and at the downstream of the stone blocking ditches (3), and the river channel water blocking gate (4) is perpendicular to the water flow direction in the river channel (1);
the energy dissipation system comprises a speed reduction groove (7), an anti-climbing baffle (10), an anti-impact baffle (11) and a silt separation channel (12), wherein the top end of the speed reduction groove (7) is opened, the speed reduction groove (7) is arranged on one side of a river channel (1) and is positioned at the upstream of the river channel water blocking gate (4), a control system water blocking gate (2) is arranged at the communication position of the speed reduction groove (7) and the river channel (1), the control system water blocking gate (2) is fixedly connected with the river channel water blocking gate (4) and the control system water blocking gate (2) is communicated with the top end of the river channel water blocking gate (4) to form a pedestrian passageway, the speed reduction groove (7) comprises a speed reduction straight channel and a speed reduction bend (9) which are mutually communicated, the anti-climbing baffle (10) is arranged at the top of the speed reduction bend (9), the anti-impact baffle (11) is arranged at the inner wall of the speed reduction bend (9), the top of the side end of the speed reduction groove (7) is provided with the silt separation channel (12) communicated with the speed reduction groove (7), and the other end of the silt separation channel (12) is communicated with the river channel;
the dredging system comprises a dredging pond (14), a dredging inlet (13), a water diversion groove (15), a dredging gate (17) and a dredging channel (18), wherein the dredging inlet (13) is arranged at the side end of the dredging pond (14) and is communicated with the tail end of the speed reduction groove (7), the dredging gate (17) is arranged at the other end of the dredging pond (14) opposite to the dredging inlet (13), the water diversion groove (15) is formed in the wall of the top end of the dredging pond (14) along the mud flow direction, the water diversion groove (15) is communicated with the dredging inlet (13) through the water diversion gate, a plurality of water outlets (16) are uniformly formed in the inner wall of the water diversion groove (15) and are communicated with the inside of the dredging pond (14), one end of the dredging channel (18) is communicated with the dredging gate (17) and the other end of the dredging channel (1), the channel (19) is formed at one side of the dredging channel (18) and the water flow direction of the dredging channel (19) is opposite to the mud flow direction of the dredging channel (18), and the water diversion gate (19) is communicated with the dredging channel (17).
The water blocking gate comprises a water blocking column, blocking fences (5), gate frames and gates (6), wherein the water blocking column is vertically and fixedly arranged in a river channel (1), the blocking fences (5) are fixedly arranged at the front end of the water blocking column, the blocking fences (5) are perpendicular to the water flow direction in the river channel (1), gate grooves are vertically formed in the middle of the side end of the water blocking column, gate frames are formed by matching gate grooves of adjacent water blocking columns, the gates (6) are vertically and slidably arranged in gate frames, the gates (6) can vertically slide in the gate frames, the gates (6) comprise a plurality of cement plates which are vertically overlapped, reinforcing steel bar hooks I are arranged on the outer walls of the middle parts of the cement plates, and steel wire ropes I connected with the reinforcing steel bar hooks I are arranged on the reinforcing steel bar hooks I of the cement plates;
the bottom of the speed reducing groove (7) is fixedly and uniformly provided with a plurality of speed reducing piles (8), the speed reducing piles (8) are of a triangular prism structure which is transversely placed, one surface of each triangular prism is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the speed reducing groove (7), the section of each triangular prism is a right triangle, a first right-angle side of each right triangle is arranged on the bottom surface of the speed reducing groove (7), a second right-angle side is vertically upwards arranged at the front end of each first right-angle side, and the included angle between each bevel edge and each first right-angle side is 30-45 degrees;
the side wall of the silt stopping tank (14) is vertically provided with a silt discharging chute, a silt discharging gate (17) is arranged in the silt discharging chute in a sliding mode, the silt discharging gate (17) comprises a plurality of vertically overlapped steel plates, the outer wall of the middle of each steel plate is provided with a steel bar hook II, and the steel bar hook II of each steel plate is provided with a steel wire rope II connected with the steel bar hook II;
the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) When flood geological disasters occur, flood flows into the river channel, and stone blocking ditches at the upstream of the river channel intercept and separate stones mixed in the flood flow;
2) Gradually overlapping and sliding cement plates of a river channel water blocking gate into a gate frame, gradually sliding cement plates of a control system water blocking gate out of the gate frame to enable flood flow in the river channel to be split into a speed reduction groove of an energy dissipation system, and intercepting and separating sundries in flood flow by the river channel water blocking gate at the downstream of a stone blocking groove in the river channel and the control system water blocking gate; the vertical surface of the speed reducing pile of the speed reducing groove is contacted with flood flow to reduce the speed of the flood flow; hong Shuiliu when passing through the speed reducing bend, the anti-impact baffle plate prevents the high-speed impact of the flood flow from damaging the dam body of the speed reducing groove, and the anti-climbing baffle plate limits the climbing flood flow in the speed reducing groove and enables the flood which has been climbing to flow back into the flood flow in the speed reducing groove to reduce the flow speed of the flood;
3) Closing the water diversion groove, closing the dredging gate, enabling the diversion flow in the speed reduction groove to enter the dredging pond through a narrow inlet and a wide outlet after the flood flow in the speed reduction groove is slowed down, enabling the diversion flow to enter the dredging channel when the flood flow height in the speed reduction groove after the flood flow speed reduction exceeds the bottom end of the dredging channel, and enabling the water in the dredging channel to flow back into the river channel; when flood is accumulated in a silt stopping pond, gradually overlapping and sliding cement plates of a water blocking gate of a control system into a gate frame to lift the height of the gate so as to cut off the flood from entering a speed reducing groove, gradually settling and layering silt in the flood to obtain upper-layer water and lower-layer silt when the flood is accumulated in the silt stopping pond, sequentially sliding a steel plate of a silt discharging gate out of a silt discharging chute from top to bottom, and discharging the upper-layer water in the silt stopping pond into a river channel through a silt discharging channel or introducing the upper-layer water into an irrigation system through a water channel; gradually sliding a cement plate of a water blocking gate of the control system out of a gate frame, introducing water of a river channel into a speed reducing groove, directly entering the silt stopping pond through a silt inlet, opening a water guiding gate at the front end of the water guiding groove to introduce water into the water guiding groove, and flushing the side wall of the silt stopping pond by water in the water guiding groove from a water outlet hole, wherein silt at the bottom of the silt stopping pond is discharged from a silt discharging gate under the action of water flow and is discharged into the river channel through a silt discharging channel.
3. The method for controlling a debris flow geological disaster according to claim 1 or the method for controlling a flood geological disaster according to claim 2, characterized in that: the stone blocking groove (3) is rectangular along the water flow direction of the river channel, a downward rectangular groove is formed in the bottom end of the middle of the stone blocking groove (3), rectangular steps communicated with the bottom plane of the stone blocking groove (3) are formed in the side ends of the rectangular groove, and the rectangular steps are arranged at the water inlet end of the rectangular groove; the distance between the bottom end of the silt separating channel (12) and the top end of the speed reducing groove (7) is 20 percent of the height of the inner groove of the speed reducing groove (7).
4. The method for controlling a debris flow geological disaster according to claim 1 or the method for controlling a flood geological disaster according to claim 2, characterized in that: the section of the speed reducing curve (9) is trapezoid, and the upper side length of the trapezoid is smaller than the lower side length of the trapezoid.
5. The method for controlling a debris flow geological disaster according to claim 1 or the method for controlling a flood geological disaster according to claim 2, characterized in that: the anti-climbing baffle (10) is an arc-shaped top cover, the arc-shaped top cover is fixedly arranged at the top of the speed reduction bend (9) through a connecting buckle, the anti-impact baffle (11) comprises an impact steel plate and a rubber layer, the rubber layer is fixedly arranged on the impact steel plate through adhesive vulcanization, and the rubber layer is close to the inner wall of the speed reduction bend (9).
6. The method for controlling a debris flow geological disaster according to claim 1 or the method for controlling a flood geological disaster according to claim 2, characterized in that: the silt inlet (13) is of a gradually enlarged structure, and the width of the silt inlet end of the silt inlet (13) is smaller than that of the silt outlet end of the silt inlet (13).
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| CN111335249B (en) * | 2020-02-13 | 2021-06-29 | 浙江万里学院 | Mountain area flood control retaining transports distribution system |
| WO2022011569A1 (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2022-01-20 | 嘉兴金喜莱科技有限公司 | Dissipation structure for debris flow prevention of bridge engineering and design method |
| CN112281908B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-03-29 | 华东交通大学 | Prevent tailing mud-rock flow landslide protective structure with buffer structure |
| CN112813921B (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2022-06-07 | 西南科技大学 | Mud-rock flow water-stone separation and storage system |
| CN113405769B (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2022-08-30 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Experimental device and experimental method for simulating complete process of superlift burst disaster of tillite lake |
| CN113356128B (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2023-06-30 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Mud-rock flow sludge stopping field, application and design method |
| CN114169059B (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-06-07 | 西南交通大学 | Bottom hole type debris flow blocking dam and dam height calculation method |
| CN115953705B (en) * | 2023-03-09 | 2023-05-16 | 昆明理工大学 | Glacier and glacier lake burst type debris flow identification method and system |
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