CN109053241A - A kind of preparation method of slow-release bio fertilizer - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of slow-release bio fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN109053241A CN109053241A CN201811307984.2A CN201811307984A CN109053241A CN 109053241 A CN109053241 A CN 109053241A CN 201811307984 A CN201811307984 A CN 201811307984A CN 109053241 A CN109053241 A CN 109053241A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F1/00—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of slow-release bio fertilizer, are related to the preparation technical field of special role bio-feritlizer, step are as follows: by animal carcass, soya-bean cake is mixed with animal wastes, compost, obtains mixture A；Extracted From Oil-tea-cake, pine needle, persimmon leaf, cloves leaf, orange peel, tobacco leaf crush, and compost obtains mixture B；Mixture A and mixture B is mixed, granulation.The slow-release bio fertilizer prepared with method provided by the invention, through incomplete compost fermentation, organic matter does not decompose completely, after being applied to soil, fermentation process can slowly be reopened, and the chemical substance that can not be recycled or degrade is not used in fertilizer, not contaminated soil, simple process, it is at low cost, meanwhile, there is also the mild biological antibiotic substance of lot of trace and desinsections, anthelmintic substance in fertilizer, not only demand of the plant growth to nutrition had been met, but also part harmful bacteria during organic matter decomposition, killing can be killed or drive away worm's ovum or pest.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation technical field of special role bio-feritlizer, it is specifically related to a kind of slow-release bio fertilizer
Preparation method.
Background technique
Fertilizer plays a very important role in agricultural production, is the investment biggish goods and materials of accounting in agricultural production.So
And after applying due to fertilizer, effective component quick release causes nutritional ingredient volatilization or nutritional ingredient supply unbalanced, is not inconsistent
The problems such as conjunction plant growth demand, utilization rate of fertilizer is low, ultimately causes the wasting of resources or soil hardening.In view of the above-mentioned problems, having
Researcher discloses the preparation method of some fertilizer with release/controlled release function, however the generally existing technique of these methods is multiple
The problems such as miscellaneous, with high costs, needs are using the chemical substance that can not be recycled or degrade.
Summary of the invention
The unresolved above problem, the present invention provide a kind of preparation method of slow-release bio fertilizer.The specific technical proposal is: packet
Include following steps:
(1) animal carcass is crushed, soya-bean cake crushes, and the two is mixed with animal wastes, adjusts humidity, and compost is mixed
Object A；
(2) Extracted From Oil-tea-cake, pine needle, persimmon leaf, cloves leaf, orange peel, tobacco leaf are crushed, mixing adjusts humidity, heap
Fertilizer obtains mixture B；
(3) mixture A is uniformly mixed with mixture B, wet granulation.
Step (1) animal carcass is fish, shrimps or mammal carcasses, when animal carcass is mammal corpse
When body, bone is removed before broken；The soya-bean cake is dry soya-bean cake；The animal wastes are fresh animal excrement；The animal excreta
It just is cow dung, pig manure or chicken manure.
The mass ratio of step (1) animal carcass, soya-bean cake and animal wastes is (5-8): (3-4): (3-4).
Step (1) the adjusting humidity, water use regulation humidity to 55-65% (wt).
Step (1) described compost, compost height are 1-1.4m, are thoroughly turned over when compost DIE Temperature reaches 45-55 DEG C
It is primary, it is 2-3d until the compost time, stops compost.Mixture A gravity-flow ventilation is stood after preventing fermentation calefaction, compost from stopping
Use.
Step (2) pine needle, persimmon leaf, cloves leaf are fresh leaf；The tobacco leaf is fresh tobacco leaves；It is described
Orange peel is fresh orange peel.
Step (2) Extracted From Oil-tea-cake, pine needle, persimmon leaf, cloves leaf, orange peel, tobacco leaf mass ratio be (1-5):
(1-5):(1-5):(1-5):(1-5):(1-5).The crushing, partial size 0.5-2mm.The adjusting humidity, is adjusted to humidity
55-65% (wt).
Step (2) described compost, compost height is 1.2-1.5m, thorough when compost DIE Temperature reaches 55-65 DEG C
It overturns once, is 2-3d until the compost time, stops compost.Mixture B gravity-flow ventilation, after preventing fermentation calefaction, compost from stopping
It uses immediately.
The mass ratio of step (3) the mixture A and mixture B is (5-15): 1.
Step (3) described wet granulation, temperature is no more than 35 DEG C in the process.
The slow-release bio fertilizer of above method preparation, can be used for base fertilizer and the top dressing of agricultural production, method of application is applied for cave.
Dosage is adjusted according to different cultivars crop and different geographical soil characteristic.
Beneficial effect
It is raw that the slow-release bio fertilizer prepared with method provided by the invention, mixture A and mixture B are provided to crop
Long required n-p-k element and various microelements, and mixture A and mixture B passes through incomplete compost fermentation, it is therein
Organic matter does not decompose completely, and prolific mushroom is not entirely killed in the next steps in composting process, the life
After object fertilizer is applied to soil, fermentation process can be slowly reopened, in the nutrition that the organic matter thoroughly decomposed generates
On the basis of element discharges rapidly supply plant growth, the organic matter not being decomposed is slowly decomposed, after long-term slow release is decomposed
Nutrient, avoid the effective component quick release in fertilizer and cause that nutrition supply is unbalanced, utilization rate of fertilizer is low etc. and ask
It inscribes, and the chemical substance that can not be recycled or degrade is not used in fertilizer, not contaminated soil, simple process and low cost.Meanwhile it is mixed
Object B is closed on the basis of Macro and microelements are provided, wherein there is also the mild biological antibiotic substance of lot of trace and desinsections, expelling parasite
Substance, mixture B are added in mixture A with small scale, have not only met demand of the plant growth to microelement, but also can kill
Part harmful bacteria, killing or expeling worm's ovum or pest during organic matter decomposition.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of slow-release bio fertilizer:
(1) animal carcass is crushed, soya-bean cake crushes, and the two is mixed with animal wastes, adjusts humidity, and compost is mixed
Object A；
(2) Extracted From Oil-tea-cake, pine needle, persimmon leaf, cloves leaf, orange peel, tobacco leaf are crushed, mixing adjusts humidity, heap
Fertilizer obtains mixture B；
(3) mixture A is uniformly mixed with mixture B, wet granulation.
Animal carcass in step (1) is the mixture of fish and shrimps corpse；Soya-bean cake is dry soya-bean cake；Animal wastes are new
Fresh animal wastes；Animal wastes are cow dung.
In step (1), the mass ratio of animal carcass, soya-bean cake and animal wastes is 5:4:4.
Adjusting humidity in step (1), water use regulation humidity to 55% (wt).
Compost in step (1), compost height are 1m, are thoroughly overturned once when compost DIE Temperature reaches 45 DEG C,
It is 2d until the compost time, stops compost.Mixture A gravity-flow ventilation uses immediately after preventing fermentation calefaction, compost from stopping.
Pine needle, persimmon leaf, cloves leaf in step (2) are fresh leaf；Tobacco leaf is fresh tobacco leaves；Orange peel is
Fresh orange peel.
In step (2), Extracted From Oil-tea-cake, pine needle, persimmon leaf, cloves leaf, orange peel, tobacco leaf quality be equal.It crushes
Partial size is 0.5mm.Humidity is adjusted to humidity 55% (wt).
Compost in step (2), compost height are 1.2m, thoroughly overturn one when compost DIE Temperature reaches 55 DEG C
It is secondary, it is 2d until the compost time, stops compost.Mixture B gravity-flow ventilation uses immediately after preventing fermentation calefaction, compost from stopping.
In step (3), the mass ratio of mixture A and mixture B are 5:1.
Wet granulation in step (3), temperature is no more than 35 DEG C in the process.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of slow-release bio fertilizer:
(1) animal carcass is crushed, soya-bean cake crushes, and the two is mixed with animal wastes, adjusts humidity, and compost is mixed
Object A；
(2) Extracted From Oil-tea-cake, pine needle, persimmon leaf, cloves leaf, orange peel, tobacco leaf are crushed, mixing adjusts humidity, heap
Fertilizer obtains mixture B；
(3) mixture A is uniformly mixed with mixture B, wet granulation.
The mixture of animal carcass fish, shrimps corpse in step (1)；Soya-bean cake is dry soya-bean cake；Animal wastes are fresh
Animal wastes；Animal wastes are pig manure.
In step (1), the mass ratio of animal carcass, soya-bean cake and animal wastes is 8:3:3.
Adjusting humidity in step (1), water use regulation humidity to 65% (wt).
Compost in step (1), compost height are 1.4m, thoroughly overturn one when compost DIE Temperature reaches 55 DEG C
It is secondary, it is 3d until the compost time, stops compost.Mixture A gravity-flow ventilation uses immediately after preventing fermentation calefaction, compost from stopping.
Pine needle, persimmon leaf, cloves leaf in step (2) are fresh leaf；Tobacco leaf is fresh tobacco leaves；Orange peel is
Fresh orange peel.
In step (2), Extracted From Oil-tea-cake, pine needle, persimmon leaf, cloves leaf, orange peel, tobacco leaf mass ratio be 5:2:2:3:
4:5.Powder particle diameter is 2mm.Humidity is adjusted to humidity 65% (wt).
Compost in step (2), compost height are 1.5m, thoroughly overturn one when compost DIE Temperature reaches 65 DEG C
It is secondary, it is 3d until the compost time, stops compost.Mixture B gravity-flow ventilation uses immediately after preventing fermentation calefaction, compost from stopping.
In step (3), the mass ratio of mixture A and mixture B are 15:1.
Wet granulation in step (3), temperature is no more than 35 DEG C in the process.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of slow-release bio fertilizer:
(1) animal carcass is crushed, soya-bean cake crushes, and the two is mixed with animal wastes, adjusts humidity, and compost is mixed
Object A；
(2) Extracted From Oil-tea-cake, pine needle, persimmon leaf, cloves leaf, orange peel, tobacco leaf are crushed, mixing adjusts humidity, heap
Fertilizer obtains mixture B；
(3) mixture A is uniformly mixed with mixture B, wet granulation.
The mixture of animal carcass fish, shrimps corpse in step (1)；Soya-bean cake is dry soya-bean cake；Animal wastes are fresh
Animal wastes；Animal wastes are pig manure.
In step (1), the mass ratio of animal carcass, soya-bean cake and animal wastes is 8:3:4.
Adjusting humidity in step (1), water use regulation humidity to 60% (wt).
Compost in step (1), compost height are 1.2m, thoroughly overturn one when compost DIE Temperature reaches 50 DEG C
It is secondary, it is 3d until the compost time, stops compost.Mixture A gravity-flow ventilation uses immediately after preventing fermentation calefaction, compost from stopping.
Pine needle, persimmon leaf, cloves leaf in step (2) are fresh leaf；Tobacco leaf is fresh tobacco leaves；Orange peel is
Fresh orange peel.
In step (2), Extracted From Oil-tea-cake, pine needle, persimmon leaf, cloves leaf, orange peel, tobacco leaf mass ratio be 1:4:5:3:
2:1.Powder particle diameter is 1.2mm.Humidity is adjusted to humidity 65% (wt).
Compost in step (2), compost height are 1.3m, thoroughly overturn one when compost DIE Temperature reaches 60 DEG C
It is secondary, it is 3d until the compost time, stops compost.Mixture B gravity-flow ventilation uses immediately after preventing fermentation calefaction, compost from stopping.
In step (3), the mass ratio of mixture A and mixture B are 10:1.
Wet granulation in step (3), temperature is no more than 35 DEG C in the process.
Embodiment 4
Testing inspection is carried out to the slow release effect of slow-release bio fertilizer prepared by embodiment 1,2:
It takes ordinary chernozem to prepare the earthwork: 5 square metres of area, thickness 40cm, preparing 12 groups of the earthwork altogether.
Slow-release bio fertilizer prepared by Example 1, is uniformly sprinkling upon a cubic metre of earth surface by 1Kg/ square metres, turns over and bury 15cm, every
It sprinkles profoundly water within one day once, from test daystart to test the 100th day, a cubic metre of earth bottom pedotheque detection nitrogen was taken every three days
Phosphorus potassium and micronutrient levels observe insect pest situation, do 3 groups of parallel tests altogether, take average result as experimental group 1.
Slow-release bio fertilizer prepared by Example 2, is uniformly sprinkling upon a cubic metre of earth surface by 1Kg/ square metres, turns over and bury 15cm, every
It sprinkles profoundly water within one day once, from test daystart to test the 100th day, a cubic metre of earth bottom pedotheque detection nitrogen was taken every three days
Phosphorus potassium and micronutrient levels observe insect pest situation, do 3 groups of parallel tests altogether, take average result as experimental group 2.
Take N P and K composite chemical fertilizer, by 30Kg/ it is per mu it is even be sprinkling upon a cubic metre of earth surface, turn over and bury 15cm, every other day sprinkle profoundly water one
It is secondary, from test daystart to test the 100th day, cubic metre of earth bottom pedotheque detection N P and K and a micro member were taken every three days
Cellulose content observes insect pest situation, does 3 groups of parallel tests altogether, take average result as a control group.
It takes 3 groups of earthwork not apply fertilizer every other day to sprinkle profoundly water once, from test daystart to test the 100th day, every
Cubic metre of earth bottom pedotheque detection N P and K and a micronutrient levels are taken within three days, insect pest situation is observed, does 3 groups of parallel tests altogether,
Take average result as blank group.
Using every group of first day testing result average value as benchmark, variation percentage is calculated.
In blank group testing result, N P and K and various microelement decrease speeds are more uniform during 100 days, from the
Various nutriment variation total amounts are within one day to the 100th day, and total nitrogen averagely declines 3%, and total phosphorus averagely declines 4%, and potassium element is flat
Decline 7%, remaining microelement (boron, zinc, molybdenum, iron, manganese, copper summation) content averagely declines 4%.
In control group testing result, N P and K and various microelement decrease speeds are uneven during 100 days, decline
90% or more occurs in first 20 days, and 10% occurs below at latter 80 days.Day various nutriment variations from first day to the 20th
Total amount is that total nitrogen averagely declines 29%, and total phosphorus averagely declines 27%, and potassium element averagely declines 37%, remaining microelement (boron,
Zinc, molybdenum, iron, manganese, copper summation) content averagely declines 9%；80 days various nutriment variation total amounts are that total nitrogen averagely declines afterwards
5%, total phosphorus averagely declines 2%, and potassium element averagely declines 6%, remaining microelement (boron, zinc, molybdenum, iron, manganese, copper summation) content
Averagely decline 2%.
Experimental group 1 is differed with each phase change numerical value of experimental group 2 is no more than 4%, and each stage numerical value of the two is averaged, real
It tests in group testing result, N P and K and various microelement decrease speeds are more uniform during 100 days, and 90% or more of decline is sent out
Life is uniformly distributed in first 80 days, and 10% occurs below at latter 20 days.Day various nutriment variations from first day to the 80th
Total amount is that total nitrogen averagely declines 20%, and total phosphorus averagely declines 16%, and potassium element averagely declines 23%, remaining microelement (boron,
Zinc, molybdenum, iron, manganese, copper summation) content averagely declines 4%；20 days various nutriment variation total amounts are that total nitrogen averagely declines afterwards
2%, total phosphorus averagely declines 1%, and potassium element averagely declines 3%, remaining microelement (boron, zinc, molybdenum, iron, manganese, copper summation) content
Averagely decline 2%.
And it is observed that experimental group 1 and experimental group 2 do not find insect pest phenomenon.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of slow-release bio fertilizer, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
(1) animal carcass is crushed, soya-bean cake crushes, and the two is mixed with animal wastes, adjusts humidity, and compost obtains mixture A；
(2) Extracted From Oil-tea-cake, pine needle, persimmon leaf, cloves leaf, orange peel, tobacco leaf are crushed, mixing adjusts humidity, and compost obtains
To mixture B；
(3) mixture A is uniformly mixed with mixture B, wet granulation.
2. the preparation method of slow-release bio fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (1) the animal corpse
Body is that fish, shrimps or mammal carcasses remove bone when animal carcass is mammal corpse before broken；Institute
Stating soya-bean cake is dry soya-bean cake；The animal wastes are fresh animal excrement；The animal wastes are cow dung, pig manure or chicken manure.
3. the preparation method of slow-release bio fertilizer according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: step (1) the animal corpse
Body, soya-bean cake and the mass ratio of animal wastes are (5-8): (3-4): (3-4).
4. the preparation method of slow-release bio fertilizer according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: step (1) adjusting is wet
Degree, water use regulation humidity to 55-65% (wt).
5. the preparation method of slow-release bio fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (1) described compost, heap
Fertile height is 1-1.4m, is thoroughly overturned once when compost DIE Temperature reaches 45-55 DEG C, is 2-3d until the compost time,
Stop compost.
6. the preparation method of slow-release bio fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (2) pine needle, persimmon
Subtree leaf, cloves leaf are fresh leaf；The tobacco leaf is fresh tobacco leaves；The orange peel is fresh orange peel.
7. the preparation method of slow-release bio fertilizer according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: step (2) Extracted From Oil-tea-cake,
Pine needle, persimmon leaf, cloves leaf, orange peel, tobacco leaf mass ratio be (1-5): (1-5): (1-5): (1-5): (1-5): (1-
5)；The crushing, partial size 0.5-2mm；The adjusting humidity is adjusted to humidity 55-65% (wt).
8. the preparation method of slow-release bio fertilizer according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: step (2) described compost, heap
Fertile height is 1.2-1.5m, is thoroughly overturned once when compost DIE Temperature reaches 55-65 DEG C, is 2- until the compost time
3d stops compost.
9. the preparation method of slow-release bio fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (3) the mixture A
Mass ratio with mixture B is (5-15): 1.
10. the preparation method of slow-release bio fertilizer according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: step (3) described wet process system
Grain, temperature is no more than 35 DEG C in the process.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN109704828A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-05-03 | 湖南泰谷生态工程有限公司 | Balanced type alkaline compound fertilizer and the preparation method and application thereof |
| CN109942323A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-06-28 | 浙江农林大学 | A kind of Chinese torreya timbered soil is loose and carburetting conditioner |
| CN111217635A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-06-02 | 四川宸煜林业开发有限责任公司 | Cinnamomum camphora leaf bio-organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN109704828A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-05-03 | 湖南泰谷生态工程有限公司 | Balanced type alkaline compound fertilizer and the preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN111217635A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-06-02 | 四川宸煜林业开发有限责任公司 | Cinnamomum camphora leaf bio-organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20181221 |