CN109052666A - A kind of powdered water quality cleansing agent and preparation method thereof for crab cultivation - Google Patents

A kind of powdered water quality cleansing agent and preparation method thereof for crab cultivation Download PDF

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CN109052666A
CN109052666A CN201811021982.7A CN201811021982A CN109052666A CN 109052666 A CN109052666 A CN 109052666A CN 201811021982 A CN201811021982 A CN 201811021982A CN 109052666 A CN109052666 A CN 109052666A
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water quality
chitosan
cleansing agent
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赵小雷
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)

Abstract

The powdered water quality cleansing agent and preparation method thereof that the invention discloses a kind of for crab cultivation, raw material components are as follows: chitosan, acetic acid, ammonium persulfate, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyethylene glycol, modified alta-mud, water soluble starch, urea, salt, yeast extract, inorganic salt solution, microbial bacteria, gelatin, the specific steps are as follows: 1) modification of chitosan is made；2) mixed-culture medium is made；3) microbial bacteria is seeded in mixed-culture medium, and activated strains culture solution is obtained after culture；3) will activated strains medium centrifugal stand after take supernatant, gelatin is added, adds modification of chitosan after heating for dissolving, dried after vibrating dispersion, grind and can be prepared by.Powdered water quality cleansing agent prepared by the present invention has the advantages that good purification, Nantural non-toxic, will not bring secondary pollution to water body, efficiently can purify and improve the health of water quality, to be conducive to the growth of crab.

Description

A kind of powdered water quality cleansing agent and preparation method thereof for crab cultivation
Technical field
The invention belongs to crab cultivation technical fields, and in particular to a kind of powdered water quality cleansing agent for crab cultivation And preparation method thereof.
Background technique
With the fast development of culture fishery and the continuous intensification of intensive degree, the pollution of breeding water body is increasingly tight Weight, disease problem resulting from are also increasingly severe.Culture fishery is to expand cultured area, increase aquatic products for a long time Resource improves the resource-hungry breeding way of yield, and backwardness and limitation are more and more obvious, as China is ploughed per capita The continuous reduction of ground area, the contradiction that fishman strives ground become increasingly conspicuous.Certain breeding production persons ignore processing breeding wastewater, waste The problems such as, the deterioration of itself breeding water body ecological environment is not only caused, adverse effect, such as part are also resulted in natural ecosystems Freshwater aging, siltation cause water ecology to deteriorate.In addition water resource there is a serious shortage of, and constantly by industrial pollution and By aquaculture bring eutrophication, aquatic ecological is seriously destroyed, and available water resource is fewer and fewer, in addition water Domain environmental pollution occurs that cultured product disease frequently, causes heavy economic loss.
Crab is one of common meal in people's life, deep by people due to protein rich in and microelement Like.Crab is that a kind of pair of water quality requirement is very high, likes that water quality is peace and quiet, the biggish water body environment of transparency.Currently, cultivation The purification of water quality mainly passes through chemicals and probiotics, however, most chemicals in the market is easy to make water body At secondary pollution, it is not only easily destroyed the biology community structure in pond, but also is unfavorable for the growth of crab.Probiotics conduct A kind of novel water quality cleansing agent, it is with high security, micro- the advantages of will not being polluted to water quality, but currently on the market Ecological agent causes the effect of microorganism improvement water quality not fully up to expectations since stability is poor.Therefore, microorganism formulation is done Further research, improves its stability, enhances its ability to purify water, be a urgent problem to be solved.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is being directed to existing problem, a kind of powdered water quality cleansing agent for crab cultivation is provided And preparation method thereof.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of powdered water quality cleansing agent for crab cultivation, by weight component are as follows: 5-10 parts of chitosan, acetic acid 3-5 Part, 2-3 parts of ammonium persulfate, 3-5 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 3-4 parts of polyethylene glycol, 3-5 parts of modified alta-mud, water soluble starch 3- 4 parts, 2-3 parts of urea, 1-2 parts of salt, 1-2 parts of yeast extract, 20-30 parts of inorganic salt solution, 0.1-0.2 parts of microbial bacteria, gelatin 5-6 parts.
Preferably, a kind of powdered water quality cleansing agent for crab cultivation wherein contains phosphoric acid hydrogen in inorganic salt solution Dipotassium 5-8%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4-7%, magnesium sulfate 5-10%, ferrous sulfate 6-8%, remaining is deionized water.
Preferably, a kind of powdered water quality cleansing agent for crab cultivation, wherein microbial bacteria is by light and bacterium, anti- Nitrobacteria, bacillus form according to the parts by weight of 1:1:1, and content of microorganisms >=10 in microbial bacteria5A/ml.
Preferably, a kind of powdered water quality cleansing agent for crab cultivation, wherein method for preparing modified bentonite is such as Under:
1) 5-10 parts of xanthan gum are taken, the 2-3 times of distilled water measured is added, adds 4-7 parts of konjac glucomannan, Arabic gum after stirring and dissolving 3-5 parts, 2-4 parts of gelatin, are warming up to 50-60 DEG C, isothermal reaction 30-50min after mixing, be then 200-300r/min in revolving speed Lower stirring 50-70min forms mixed gel liquid after cooling；
2) 4-6 parts of bamboo charcoal are taken, being added to the concentration that 2-3 times is measured is to be heated to 50-70 in the dilute nitric acid solution of 1.0-2.0mol/L DEG C, oscillation 40-50min is carried out under 400-500W ultrasonic wave, is then filtered, and solid phase precipitation object is washed with distilled water to neutrality After then move in baking oven, be heated to 60-70 DEG C, ground after drying to constant weight, cross 50 meshes, be made acid modification bamboo charcoal；
3) 10-15 parts of bentonite are taken, being added to the concentration that 4-5 times is measured is to be warming up to 60-80 in the sodium hydroxide solution of 3-5% DEG C, isothermal reaction 2-3h is then moved in baking oven after solid product is then washed with distilled water to neutrality after filtering, is heated to It 60-70 DEG C, is ground after drying to constant weight, crosses 200 meshes, alkali modification bentonite is made；
4) it is added in the mixed gel liquid in 1) after mixing sour modification bamboo charcoal and alkali modification bentonite, is 500- in revolving speed 1-2h is stirred under 700r/min, is then moved back through filtering into baking oven, is heated to 70-80 DEG C, is heated to after drying to constant weight 300-350 DEG C carries out calcining 2-3h, is ground, is sieved with 100 mesh sieve after being cooled to room temperature, can be prepared by modified alta-mud.
Preferably, a kind of preparation method of the powdered water quality cleansing agent for crab cultivation, the specific steps are as follows:
1) 5-10 parts of chitosan are taken, is added in the 2-3 times of distilled water measured, is added 3-5 parts of acetic acid, be warming up to after mixing 40-50 DEG C, stirring to chitosan is completely dissolved, and ammonium persulfate 2-3 parts, 3-5 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, polyethylene glycol is then added 3-4 parts, it is warming up to 80-90 DEG C, isothermal reaction 2-3h after mixing, modification of chitosan is made after cooling；
2) 3-5 parts of modified alta-mud, 3-4 parts of water soluble starch are taken, the 3-4 times of sterile water measured is added after mixing, in 300-400r/ High-speed stirred 20-30min is carried out under min, then adds 2-3 parts of urea, 1-2 parts of salt, 1-2 parts of yeast extract, mixed dissolution Inorganic salt solution 20-30 parts is added afterwards, mixed-culture medium is made；
3) microbial bacteria 0.1-0.2 parts is scraped, is seeded in mixed-culture medium, shaking table oscillation is carried out in the environment of 35-37 DEG C 20-24h is cultivated, oscillation revolving speed is 150-200r/min, obtains activated strains culture solution；
4) activated strains culture solution is subjected at 5000-6000r/min centrifugation 20-30min, takes supernatant after standing 2-3h, It is added gelatin 5-6 parts, 50-70 DEG C is heated to, the modification of chitosan in 1) is added after Gelatin, while hot in 400-500W Vibrating dispersion 20-30min is carried out under ultrasonic wave, is then ground after low temperature drying, is crossed 50 meshes, be can be prepared by powdered Water quality cleansing agent.
Preferably, a kind of preparation method of the powdered water quality cleansing agent for crab cultivation, which is characterized in that described low The temperature of temperature drying is 50-60 DEG C, and drying to water content is 10-15%.
The present invention has the advantage that compared with prior art
1. powdered water quality cleansing agent prepared by the present invention is to be mixed to make by modified alta-mud, microbial bacteria and modification of chitosan Made of standby, the outer surface of modified alta-mud is enclosed with one layer of modification of chitosan, so that the pore closure in modified alta-mud, from And be conducive to a large amount of growths of microbial bacteria, and the modification of chitosan on the water quality cleansing agent surface has good hydrophily, Soluble easily in water, after dissolving in water, the microbial bacteria bred in modified alta-mud gap can be slowly dispersed in water, drop The ammonia nitrogen in organic pollutant and its water quality is solved, water body is purified, while modified alta-mud can be in adsorbed water body Suspended matter and phosphorus reduce the phosphorus content in water body, to alleviate the eutrophication of water body；Firstly, adding chitosan into second Ammonium persulfate is added after dissolving in acid solution and carboxymethyl cellulose carries out heating reaction, in the effect of initiator ammonium persulfate Under, carboxymethyl cellulose and polyethylene glycol are grafted between the strand of chitosan, form network copolymer, and by chitosan molecule It wraps, increases the content of the hydrophilic radical hydroxyl and carboxyl in chitosan molecule, to improve the hydrophily of chitosan；Its It is secondary, microbial bacteria is seeded in made of modified alta-mud, water soluble starch, urea, salt, yeast extract and inorganic salt solution It is cultivated in culture solution, it not only can be but also porous due to modified alta-mud with the content of microbial bacteria in scale-up medium Structure can provide the place of breeding existence for microbial bacteria, be ultimately formed in internal void after culture containing a large amount of micro- lifes The modified alta-mud suspension of object bacterium；Finally, modification of chitosan, which is added, carries out supersonic oscillations, make in the absorption of modified alta-mud Under, modification of chitosan is adsorbed to the surface of modified alta-mud and is wrapped, and forming internal void growth has a large amount of micro- lifes Object bacterium, outer surface are enclosed with the enclosed modified alta-mud of modification of chitosan.
2. powdered water quality cleansing agent prepared by the present invention, modified alta-mud therein, firstly, after xanthan gum is dissolved again Arabic gum is added and konjac glucomannan carries out heating reaction, the mixed gel liquid of formation has very strong cementability；Secondly, by bamboo charcoal It is immersed in dilute nitric acid solution, then carries out supersonic oscillations, cavitation cleaning can be carried out to bamboo charcoal internal voids, it can be significant Improve bamboo charcoal internal voids structure, improves hole and hold aperture, improve the adsorptivity of bamboo charcoal；Again, bentonite is immersed in hydroxide Heating reaction is carried out in sodium solution, can remove the impurity in bentonite surface and gap, plays the role of dredging gap；Most Afterwards, it is added in mixed gel liquid after sour modification bamboo charcoal and alkali modification bentonite being mixed, carries out high-speed stirred, acid can be promoted Alkali modification bentonite is absorbed into surface under the bonding effect of coagulant liquid by modification bamboo charcoal, and forming sour modification bamboo charcoal is core, and alkali changes Property bentonite be shell modified alta-mud, improve bentonitic specific surface area and hole and hold aperture, improve adsorption capacity.
3. powdered water quality cleansing agent prepared by the present invention has good purification, Nantural non-toxic, will not bring to water body The advantages of secondary pollution, efficiently can purify and improve the health of water quality, to be conducive to the growth of crab.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to specific implementation method, the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1
A kind of powdered water quality cleansing agent for crab cultivation, by weight component are as follows: 5 parts of chitosan, 3 parts of acetic acid, mistake 2 parts of ammonium sulfate, 3 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 3 parts of polyethylene glycol, 3 parts of modified alta-mud, 3 parts of water soluble starch, 2 parts of urea, food 1 part of salt, 1 part of yeast extract, 20 parts of inorganic salt solution, 0.1 part of microbial bacteria, 5 parts of gelatin.
Preferably, wherein containing dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 5%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4%, magnesium sulfate 5%, sulfuric acid in inorganic salt solution Ferrous iron 6%, remaining is deionized water.
Preferably, wherein microbial bacteria be by light and bacterium, denitrifying bacteria, bacillus according to 1:1:1 weight Part composition, and content of microorganisms >=10 in microbial bacteria5A/ml.
Preferably, wherein method for preparing modified bentonite is as follows:
1) 5 parts of xanthan gum are taken, the distilled water of 2 times of amounts are added, 4 parts of konjac glucomannan, 3 parts of Arabic gum, bright is added after stirring and dissolving 2 parts of glue, it is warming up to 50 DEG C, isothermal reaction 50min after mixing, then stirs 70min, shape after cooling in the case where revolving speed is 200r/min At mixed gel liquid；
2) 4 parts of bamboo charcoal are taken, the concentration for being added to 2 times of amounts is to be heated to 50 DEG C in the dilute nitric acid solution of 1.0mol/L, super in 400W Oscillation 50min is carried out under sound wave, is then filtered, and is then moved in baking oven, is added after solid phase precipitation object is washed with distilled water to neutrality Heat is ground after drying to constant weight to 60 DEG C, crosses 50 meshes, and acid modification bamboo charcoal is made；
3) 10 parts of bentonite are taken, in the sodium hydroxide solution that the concentration for being added to 4 times of amounts is 3%, is warming up to 60 DEG C, isothermal reaction 3h is then moved in baking oven after solid product is then washed with distilled water to neutrality after filtering, and is heated to 60 DEG C, is dried to perseverance It is ground after weight, crosses 200 meshes, alkali modification bentonite is made；
4) it is added in the mixed gel liquid in 1) after mixing sour modification bamboo charcoal and alkali modification bentonite, is 500r/ in revolving speed 2h is stirred under min, is then moved back through filtering into baking oven, is heated to 70 DEG C, is heated to 300 DEG C after drying to constant weight and is calcined 3h is ground after being cooled to room temperature, is sieved with 100 mesh sieve, can be prepared by modified alta-mud.
A kind of preparation method of the powdered water quality cleansing agent for crab cultivation, the specific steps are as follows:
1) 5 parts of chitosan are taken, is added in the distilled water of 2 times of amounts, adds 3 parts of acetic acid, 40 DEG C are warming up to after mixing, stirring It is completely dissolved to chitosan, 2 parts of ammonium persulfate, 3 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 3 parts of polyethylene glycol is then added, is warming up to after mixing 80 DEG C, isothermal reaction 3h, modification of chitosan is made after cooling；
2) 3 parts of modified alta-mud, 3 parts of water soluble starch are taken, the sterile water of 3 times of amounts is added after mixing, is carried out at 300r/min Then high-speed stirred 30min adds 2 parts of urea, 1 part of salt, 1 part of yeast extract, inorganic salt solution 20 is added after mixed dissolution Part, mixed-culture medium is made；
3) 0.1 part of microbial bacteria is scraped, is seeded in mixed-culture medium, carries out shaking table shaken cultivation for 24 hours in the environment of 35 DEG C, Oscillation revolving speed is 150r/min, obtains activated strains culture solution；
4) activated strains culture solution is subjected at 5000r/min centrifugation 30min, takes supernatant after standing 2h, gelatin 5 is added Part, 50 DEG C are heated to, the modification of chitosan in 1) is added after Gelatin, carries out oscillation point under 400W ultrasonic wave while hot 30min is dissipated, is then ground after low temperature drying, 50 meshes is crossed, can be prepared by powdered water quality cleansing agent.
Preferably, drying to water content is 15% it is characterized in that, the temperature of the low temperature drying is 50 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
A kind of powdered water quality cleansing agent for crab cultivation, by weight component are as follows: 7 parts of chitosan, 4 parts of acetic acid, mistake 2 parts of ammonium sulfate, 4 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 3 parts of polyethylene glycol, 4 parts of modified alta-mud, 3 parts of water soluble starch, 2 parts of urea, food 1 part of salt, 1 part of yeast extract, 25 parts of inorganic salt solution, 0.15 part of microbial bacteria, 5 parts of gelatin.
Preferably, wherein containing dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 7%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5%, magnesium sulfate 70%, sulfuric acid in inorganic salt solution Ferrous iron 7%, remaining is deionized water.
Preferably, wherein microbial bacteria be by light and bacterium, denitrifying bacteria, bacillus according to 1:1:1 weight Part composition, and content of microorganisms >=10 in microbial bacteria5A/ml.
Preferably, wherein method for preparing modified bentonite is as follows:
1) 7 parts of xanthan gum are taken, the distilled water of 2.5 times of amounts are added, add after stirring and dissolving 5 parts of konjac glucomannan, 4 parts of Arabic gum, 3 parts of gelatin, it is warming up to 55 DEG C, isothermal reaction 40min after mixing, then 60min is stirred in the case where revolving speed is 200r/min, after cooling Form mixed gel liquid；
2) 5 parts of bamboo charcoal are taken, the concentration for being added to 2.5 times of amounts is 60 DEG C to be heated to, in 400W in the dilute nitric acid solution of 1.5mol/L Oscillation 45min is carried out under ultrasonic wave, is then filtered, and is then moved in baking oven after solid phase precipitation object is washed with distilled water to neutrality, 65 DEG C are heated to, is ground after drying to constant weight, 50 meshes are crossed, acid modification bamboo charcoal is made；
3) 12 parts of bentonite are taken, in the sodium hydroxide solution that the concentration for being added to 4.5 times of amounts is 4%, is warming up to 70 DEG C, constant temperature is anti- 2.5h is answered, is then moved in baking oven after solid product is then washed with distilled water to neutrality after filtering, is heated to 65 DEG C, drying It is ground after to constant weight, crosses 200 meshes, alkali modification bentonite is made；
4) it is added in the mixed gel liquid in 1) after mixing sour modification bamboo charcoal and alkali modification bentonite, is 600r/ in revolving speed 1.5h is stirred under min, is then moved back through filtering into baking oven, is heated to 75 DEG C, is heated to 320 DEG C after drying to constant weight and is forged 2.5h is burnt, is ground, is sieved with 100 mesh sieve after being cooled to room temperature, can be prepared by modified alta-mud.
A kind of preparation method of the powdered water quality cleansing agent for crab cultivation, the specific steps are as follows:
1) 7 parts of chitosan are taken, is added in the distilled water of 2.5 times of amounts, is added 4 parts of acetic acid, 45 DEG C are warming up to after mixing, is stirred It mixes to chitosan and is completely dissolved, 2 parts of ammonium persulfate, 4 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 3 parts of polyethylene glycol is then added, heats up after mixing To 85 DEG C, isothermal reaction 2.5h, modification of chitosan is made after cooling；
2) 4 parts of modified alta-mud, 3 parts of water soluble starch are taken, after mixing be added 3.5 times amount sterile waters, at 300r/min into Then row high-speed stirred 25min adds 2 parts of urea, 1 part of salt, 1 part of yeast extract, inorganic salt solution is added after mixed dissolution 25 parts, mixed-culture medium is made；
3) 0.15 part of microbial bacteria is scraped, is seeded in mixed-culture medium, shaking table shaken cultivation is carried out in the environment of 36 DEG C 22h, oscillation revolving speed are 170r/min, obtain activated strains culture solution；
4) activated strains culture solution is subjected at 5000r/min centrifugation 25min, takes supernatant after standing 2.5h, gelatin 5 is added Part, 60 DEG C are heated to, the modification of chitosan in 1) is added after Gelatin, carries out oscillation point under 400W ultrasonic wave while hot 25min is dissipated, is then ground after low temperature drying, 50 meshes is crossed, can be prepared by powdered water quality cleansing agent.
Preferably, drying to water content is 12% it is characterized in that, the temperature of the low temperature drying is 55 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
A kind of powdered water quality cleansing agent for crab cultivation, by weight component are as follows: 10 parts of chitosan, 5 parts of acetic acid, mistake 3 parts of ammonium sulfate, 5 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 4 parts of polyethylene glycol, 5 parts of modified alta-mud, 4 parts of water soluble starch, 3 parts of urea, food 2 parts of salt, 2 parts of yeast extract, 30 parts of inorganic salt solution, 0.2 part of microbial bacteria, 6 parts of gelatin.
Preferably, wherein containing dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 8%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 7%, magnesium sulfate 10%, sulfuric acid in inorganic salt solution Ferrous iron 8%, remaining is deionized water.
Preferably, wherein microbial bacteria be by light and bacterium, denitrifying bacteria, bacillus according to 1:1:1 weight Part composition, and content of microorganisms >=10 in microbial bacteria5A/ml.
Preferably, wherein method for preparing modified bentonite is as follows:
1) 10 parts of xanthan gum are taken, the distilled water of 3 times of amounts are added, 7 parts of konjac glucomannan, 5 parts of Arabic gum, bright is added after stirring and dissolving 4 parts of glue, it is warming up to 60 DEG C, isothermal reaction 30min after mixing, then stirs 50min, shape after cooling in the case where revolving speed is 300r/min At mixed gel liquid；
2) 6 parts of bamboo charcoal are taken, the concentration for being added to 3 times of amounts is to be heated to 70 DEG C in the dilute nitric acid solution of 2.0mol/L, super in 500W Oscillation 40min is carried out under sound wave, is then filtered, and is then moved in baking oven, is added after solid phase precipitation object is washed with distilled water to neutrality Heat is ground after drying to constant weight to 70 DEG C, crosses 50 meshes, and acid modification bamboo charcoal is made；
3) 15 parts of bentonite are taken, in the sodium hydroxide solution that the concentration for being added to 5 times of amounts is 5%, is warming up to 80 DEG C, isothermal reaction 2h is then moved in baking oven after solid product is then washed with distilled water to neutrality after filtering, and is heated to 70 DEG C, is dried to perseverance It is ground after weight, crosses 200 meshes, alkali modification bentonite is made；
4) it is added in the mixed gel liquid in 1) after mixing sour modification bamboo charcoal and alkali modification bentonite, is 700r/ in revolving speed 1h is stirred under min, is then moved back through filtering into baking oven, is heated to 80 DEG C, is heated to 350 DEG C after drying to constant weight and is calcined 2h is ground after being cooled to room temperature, is sieved with 100 mesh sieve, can be prepared by modified alta-mud.
A kind of preparation method of the powdered water quality cleansing agent for crab cultivation, the specific steps are as follows:
1) 10 parts of chitosan are taken, is added in the distilled water of 3 times of amounts, is added 5 parts of acetic acid, 50 DEG C are warming up to after mixing, is stirred It mixes to chitosan and is completely dissolved, 3 parts of ammonium persulfate, 5 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 4 parts of polyethylene glycol is then added, heats up after mixing To 90 DEG C, isothermal reaction 2h, modification of chitosan is made after cooling；
2) 5 parts of modified alta-mud, 4 parts of water soluble starch are taken, the sterile water of 4 times of amounts is added after mixing, is carried out at 400r/min Then high-speed stirred 20min adds 3 parts of urea, 2 parts of salt, 2 parts of yeast extract, inorganic salt solution 30 is added after mixed dissolution Part, mixed-culture medium is made；
3) 0.2 part of microbial bacteria is scraped, is seeded in mixed-culture medium, shaking table shaken cultivation 20h is carried out in the environment of 37 DEG C, Oscillation revolving speed is 200r/min, obtains activated strains culture solution；
4) activated strains culture solution is subjected at 6000r/min centrifugation 20min, takes supernatant after standing 3h, gelatin 6 is added Part, 70 DEG C are heated to, the modification of chitosan in 1) is added after Gelatin, carries out oscillation point under 500W ultrasonic wave while hot 20min is dissipated, is then ground after low temperature drying, 50 meshes is crossed, can be prepared by powdered water quality cleansing agent.
Preferably, drying to water content is 10% it is characterized in that, the temperature of the low temperature drying is 60 DEG C.
Experimental example:
This experiment carries out in the large-scale plant that raises of Anqing in August, 2017, chooses the pond that 12 water surface areas are 6 mu, pond Pool mean depth 1m, is divided into 3 groups, carries out purification of water quality using the water quality cleansing agent in embodiment 1-3 respectively, and usage amount is Pond puts into 200g per acre, opens aerator 2h, and control group selects the pond of 4 same specifications, without any processing, equally opens Aerator 2h is opened, variation of water is detected after 3d, as a result as shown in Table 1:
Table one
As can be seen from Table I, the pond in embodiment 1-3 is using after water quality cleansing agent, water quality be improved significantly, salinity and Ammonia nitrogen content decreases, and pH and dissolved oxygen amount increased, it can be seen that, water quality cleansing agent provided by the invention can be significant Improve the water quality in pond, so that water quality is more suitable the growth of crab.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any It transforms or replaces, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention without what creative work was expected.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of powdered water quality cleansing agent for crab cultivation, which is characterized in that component is as follows by weight: chitosan 5- 10 parts, 3-5 parts of acetic acid, 2-3 parts of ammonium persulfate, 3-5 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 3-4 parts of polyethylene glycol, 3-5 parts of modified alta-mud, 3-4 parts of water soluble starch, 2-3 parts of urea, 1-2 parts of salt, 1-2 parts of yeast extract, 20-30 parts of inorganic salt solution, microbial bacteria 0.1-0.2 parts, 5-6 parts of gelatin.
2. a kind of powdered water quality cleansing agent for crab cultivation as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that inorganic salts are molten Contain dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 5-8%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4-7%, magnesium sulfate 5-10%, ferrous sulfate 6-8% in liquid, remaining is deionization Water.
3. a kind of powdered water quality cleansing agent for crab cultivation as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that microbial bacteria It is made of light and bacterium, denitrifying bacteria, bacillus according to the parts by weight of 1:1:1, and microorganism in microbial bacteria Content >=105A/ml.
4. a kind of powdered water quality cleansing agent for crab cultivation as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that bentone Soil the preparation method is as follows:
1) 5-10 parts of xanthan gum are taken, the 2-3 times of distilled water measured is added, adds 4-7 parts of konjac glucomannan, Arabic gum after stirring and dissolving 3-5 parts, 2-4 parts of gelatin, are warming up to 50-60 DEG C, isothermal reaction 30-50min after mixing, be then 200-300r/min in revolving speed Lower stirring 50-70min forms mixed gel liquid after cooling；
2) 4-6 parts of bamboo charcoal are taken, being added to the concentration that 2-3 times is measured is to be heated to 50-70 in the dilute nitric acid solution of 1.0-2.0mol/L DEG C, oscillation 40-50min is carried out under 400-500W ultrasonic wave, is then filtered, and solid phase precipitation object is washed with distilled water to neutrality After then move in baking oven, be heated to 60-70 DEG C, ground after drying to constant weight, cross 50 meshes, be made acid modification bamboo charcoal；
3) 10-15 parts of bentonite are taken, being added to the concentration that 4-5 times is measured is to be warming up to 60-80 in the sodium hydroxide solution of 3-5% DEG C, isothermal reaction 2-3h is then moved in baking oven after solid product is then washed with distilled water to neutrality after filtering, is heated to It 60-70 DEG C, is ground after drying to constant weight, crosses 200 meshes, alkali modification bentonite is made；
4) it is added in the mixed gel liquid in 1) after mixing sour modification bamboo charcoal and alkali modification bentonite, is 500- in revolving speed 1-2h is stirred under 700r/min, is then moved back through filtering into baking oven, is heated to 70-80 DEG C, is heated to after drying to constant weight 300-350 DEG C carries out calcining 2-3h, is ground, is sieved with 100 mesh sieve after being cooled to room temperature, can be prepared by modified alta-mud.
5. a kind of preparation method for the powdered water quality cleansing agent of crab cultivation, feature as described in claim 1 exist In, the specific steps are as follows:
1) 5-10 parts of chitosan are taken, is added in the 2-3 times of distilled water measured, is added 3-5 parts of acetic acid, be warming up to after mixing 40-50 DEG C, stirring to chitosan is completely dissolved, and ammonium persulfate 2-3 parts, 3-5 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, polyethylene glycol is then added 3-4 parts, it is warming up to 80-90 DEG C, isothermal reaction 2-3h after mixing, modification of chitosan is made after cooling；
2) 3-5 parts of modified alta-mud, 3-4 parts of water soluble starch are taken, the 3-4 times of sterile water measured is added after mixing, in 300-400r/ High-speed stirred 20-30min is carried out under min, then adds 2-3 parts of urea, 1-2 parts of salt, 1-2 parts of yeast extract, mixed dissolution Inorganic salt solution 20-30 parts is added afterwards, mixed-culture medium is made；
3) microbial bacteria 0.1-0.2 parts is scraped, is seeded in mixed-culture medium, shaking table oscillation is carried out in the environment of 35-37 DEG C 20-24h is cultivated, oscillation revolving speed is 150-200r/min, obtains activated strains culture solution；
4) activated strains culture solution is subjected at 5000-6000r/min centrifugation 20-30min, takes supernatant after standing 2-3h, It is added gelatin 5-6 parts, 50-70 DEG C is heated to, the modification of chitosan in 1) is added after Gelatin, while hot in 400-500W Vibrating dispersion 20-30min is carried out under ultrasonic wave, is then ground after low temperature drying, is crossed 50 meshes, be can be prepared by powdered Water quality cleansing agent.
6. a kind of preparation method of the powdered water quality cleansing agent for crab cultivation as claimed in claim 5, feature exist In the temperature of the low temperature drying is 50-60 DEG C, and drying to water content is 10-15%.
CN201811021982.7A 2018-09-04 2018-09-04 A kind of powdered water quality cleansing agent and preparation method thereof for crab cultivation Withdrawn CN109052666A (en)

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Application publication date: 20181221