CN109048158B - Reversed installation posture assembly positioning tool for welding side beam - Google Patents
Reversed installation posture assembly positioning tool for welding side beam Download PDFInfo
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- CN109048158B CN109048158B CN201810688070.9A CN201810688070A CN109048158B CN 109048158 B CN109048158 B CN 109048158B CN 201810688070 A CN201810688070 A CN 201810688070A CN 109048158 B CN109048158 B CN 109048158B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/0426—Fixtures for other work
- B23K37/0435—Clamps
- B23K37/0443—Jigs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/0461—Welding tables
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
A turn over dress gesture group to location frock for curb girder welded belongs to the welding group of rail vehicle bogie curb girder device and organizes the location with supplementary clamping device field, it includes basic platform, curb girder middle section positioning seat, two spring holder hold-down mechanism and two axletree free bearing door arch locators, curb girder middle section positioning seat, the lower extreme of two spring holder hold-down mechanism and two axletree free bearing door arch locators all links firmly on basic platform's terminal surface, curb girder middle section positioning seat is located basic platform's center, two spring holder hold-down mechanism symmetrical arrangement are in the left and right sides of curb girder middle section positioning seat, two axletree free bearing door arch locators symmetrically link firmly in basic platform's both ends. The invention can completely avoid the surveying and mapping marking operation when the side beam set is time-aligned, has simple, convenient, accurate and reliable positioning component mode, can effectively inhibit the welding deformation of each part on the wing-shaped side beam of the bird, and reduces the adjustment and repair work after welding, thereby greatly improving the production efficiency and the product quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of auxiliary clamping devices for welding assembly positioning of a side beam device of a railway vehicle bogie, and particularly relates to a reversed-installation posture assembly positioning tool for side beam welding.
Background
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the main body of the side beam 1 on the bogie frame of the railway passenger car is a bearing beam structure formed by assembling and welding a side wall double-splint 1-2, an upper cover plate 1-1 of the side beam and a lower cover plate 1-3 of the side beam, the overall shape of the bearing beam structure is similar to the middle section and the double wings of a bird trunk with opened double wings, and the bird wing-shaped curved surface contour line of the lower cover plate 1-3 of the side beam comprises a middle lower horizontal section a, two symmetrical and upturned arc curved sections B and two symmetrical upper horizontal ends C. The shapes of the upper and lower edge contour lines of the side wall double-clamping plate 1-2 and the curved surface shape of the side beam upper cover plate 1-1 are correspondingly matched with the shape of the curved surface contour line of the side beam lower cover plate 1-3.
The side beam 1 also comprises two spring seats 1-4 and two axle hinged supports 1-5, and the two spring seats 1-4 are symmetrically and fixedly connected with the end parts of the two sides of the bearing beam structure. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the axle hinged support 1-5 comprises a welding interface arc plate 1-5-1 and a U-shaped axle seat 1-5-2, and the arc section contour line of the welding interface arc plate 1-5-1 is matched with the curved surface contour line of the arc curve section B of the lower cover plate 1-3 of the side beam. The U-shaped shaft seat 1-5-2 is in a door arch shape and mainly comprises a front side wall a or a rear side wall a of the door arch, an upper end surface b of a door post, two side straight line section end surfaces c of the U shape and an arc surface d of the door arch. If a normal plane perpendicular to the middle point of the long side of the rectangle is defined as the vertical plane or the middle line plane of the long side of the rectangle, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, a vertical center pin mechanism 1-2-1 is arranged on the middle vertical plane in the length direction of one of the side wall plates of the side wall double clamping plate 1-2, the center pin mechanism 1-2-1 comprises a center pin 1-2-1-1 and two center pin rib plates 1-2-1-1, the center pin rib plates 1-2-1-1 are welded on the outer side wall of the center pin 1-2-1-1 along the direction parallel to the axis of the center pin 1-2-1-1, and the included angle formed by the two center pin rib plates 1-2-1-1 is 80 degrees. The drawing standard span value of the axes of the left and right axle hinged supports 1-5 is K, and the drawing standard span value of the cylinder axes of the left and right spring seats 1-4 is T.
According to the assembly welding process requirement of the side beam 1, four axle hinged supports 1-5 are required to be in a group in pairs when the side beam is manufactured, the left and right groups of axle hinged supports 1-5 are symmetrically welded below an arc curve section B of a lower cover plate 1-3 of the side beam through respective welding interface arc plates 1-5-1, the axis of an arc surface d of a door arch must be perpendicular to the side wall double-clamping plates 1-2, the upper end surfaces B of door columns of the four axle hinged supports 1-5 are coplanar, and the front side walls a of the door arch on the same side are coplanar.
Due to the structural particularity of the curves or the curved surfaces of the upper cover plate 1-1, the lower cover plate 1-3 and the double side-wall splints 1-2 of the side beam, the clamping and positioning operation before assembly and welding of the load-bearing beam structure is difficult and complicated in the early stage, after the assembly and welding of the load-bearing beam structure, the welding deformation of the arc curve section B of the lower cover plate 1-3 of the side beam structure is large and the symmetry is poor, so that the positioning and welding difficulty of the two sets of axle hinged supports 1-5 is further increased, a large amount of surveying and mapping operations are needed, and the welding posture and position of the axle hinged support 1-5 are difficult to effectively maintain under the deformation effect during welding and cooling, so that deviation often occurs, and the welding quality can be reluctantly ensured by additionally increasing the correction and adjustment operations.
On the other hand, the existing positioning operation for welding the two sets of axle hinged supports 1-5 and the two spring seats 1-4 with the bearing beam structure adopts a side beam normal mounting posture as shown in fig. 1-4, but the axle hinged supports 1-5 in the normal mounting posture are influenced by self gravity to interfere the assembly positioning precision of the welding interface arc plates 1-5-1, and meanwhile, the normal mounting welding posture is not beneficial to repeatedly filling molten metal solder into a welding seam to further influence the welding quality. If the side beam is changed to the upside-down posture shown in fig. 8, the surveying, mapping and marking work is reduced, and the influence of gravity on welding seam pairing and welding liquid filling can be avoided, so that the problems are well solved.
Therefore, the frame side beam welding auxiliary assembly for quickly positioning the axle hinged support is imperative to research and develop a positioning tool.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a welding and positioning tool for a reverse-installation posture pairing of a side beam welding, aiming at solving the technical problems that the existing welding and positioning method for an axle hinged support and a spring seat based on a side beam forward-installation posture can be influenced by self gravity to influence the positioning precision and the welding quality of a welding interface arc plate pairing, and the welding deformation of an arc curve section B after the welding is large and the symmetry is poor due to the special structure of a curve or a curved surface of a side beam lower cover plate in a side beam bearing beam structure, so that the positioning and welding processes of two groups of axle hinged supports are time-consuming and labor-consuming, a large amount of surveying and mapping and marking-off and post-welding adjustment and repair operations are needed, and the welding posture and the position of the axle hinged support are easy to deviate and difficult to maintain under the deformation effect after the welding and the cooling, so that the welding quality is difficult to effectively control.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
the assembly positioning tool comprises a base platform, a side beam middle section positioning seat, two spring seat pressing mechanisms and two axle hinged seat door arch positioners, wherein the lower ends of the side beam middle section positioning seat, the two spring seat pressing mechanisms and the two axle hinged seat door arch positioners are fixedly connected to the end surface of the base platform; the distance value between the two spring seat pressing mechanisms is equal to the drawing standard span value of the cylinder axes of the left spring seat and the right spring seat and is T.
The side beam middle section positioning seat comprises a bearing beam supporting seat, a side beam central positioning mechanism and three bearing beam supporting seat height adjusting bolts, the lower end of the bearing beam supporting seat is fixedly connected to the center of the upper end face of the foundation platform, and the side beam central positioning mechanism is rotatably connected with the side wall of the front end of the bearing beam supporting seat; and each bearing beam supporting seat height adjusting bolt corresponds to the three screw holes on the end surface of the bearing beam supporting seat one by one and is in threaded connection.
The side beam center positioning mechanism comprises a hinge shaft seat, an L-shaped rotating arm and a center pressure head of an upper side beam cover plate positioned based on a center pin, the hinge shaft seat is fixedly connected to the side wall of the front end of the center of the bearing beam supporting seat, one L-shaped end of the L-shaped rotating arm is rotatably connected with the hinge shaft seat through a pin shaft, and the other L-shaped end of the L-shaped rotating arm is fixedly connected with the center pressure head of the upper side beam cover plate positioned based on the center pin;
two ends of the upper end face of the basic platform are respectively provided with a horizontal end height adjusting bolt group, and each horizontal end height adjusting bolt group at least comprises three horizontal end height adjusting bolts in threaded connection with the upper end face of the basic platform.
The center-pin-positioning-based center-point pressure head on the upper cover plate of the side beam is of a pentagonal prism structure, the rear end face of the pentagonal prism is fixedly connected with the L-shaped rotating arm, three cylindrical surfaces at the front end of the pentagonal prism are isosceles trapezoids, wherein the included angle between two chamfer end faces serving as the inclined edges of the trapezoids is degree, and the length of the chamfer end face serving as the upper bottom edge of the trapezoids is smaller than the minimum distance between two center-pin rib plates; when a pressure head at the midpoint of the upper cover plate of the side beam positioned based on the center pin rotates to the position above the bearing beam supporting seat through the L-shaped rotating arm, the height from the lower end surface of the pressure head to the upper end surface of the bearing beam supporting seat is greater than the thickness of the upper cover plate of the side beam.
The spring seat pressing mechanism comprises a long portal column type hinge shaft seat, a short portal column type hinge shaft seat, a cross beam rotating arm locking mechanism and a spring seat pressing cushion block, the long portal column type hinge shaft seat and the short portal column type hinge shaft seat are both vertically and fixedly connected to the upper end face of the base platform, and one end of the cross beam rotating arm is hinged to the top end of the long portal column type hinge shaft seat; the other end of the beam rotating arm is provided with a locking bolt clamping groove; the locking mechanism of the beam rotating arm comprises a locking mechanism screw rod, a locking nut and a rotating pin shaft, the rotating pin shaft is hinged with the short portal column type hinged shaft seat, the locking mechanism screw rod is vertically and fixedly connected to the middle part of the rotating pin shaft, the locking mechanism screw rod rotates around the axis of the rotating pin shaft and is embedded into the locking bolt clamping groove, and the diameter of the locking mechanism screw rod is smaller than the width of the locking bolt clamping groove; the locking nut is in threaded connection with the top end of the screw rod of the locking mechanism, and the lower end face of the locking nut is pressed at the upper end of the locking bolt clamping groove; the upper part of the middle section of the spring seat compression cushion block is hinged with the middle section of the beam rotating arm through a hinge shaft, and the length value of the spring seat compression cushion block is 105% of the diameter of the spring seat.
And the upper end surface of the basic platform outside each spring seat pressing mechanism is provided with a side beam upper cover plate transverse positioning mechanism, and each side beam upper cover plate transverse positioning mechanism comprises two side beam upper cover plate transverse jacking screw rod mechanisms which are symmetrically arranged with each other.
The axle hinged-seat door arch positioner comprises two column hinged-seat shafts, a double-door arch positioning rod and two nut bolts with handles, wherein the two column hinged-seat shafts are fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the foundation platform perpendicularly, two ends of the double-door arch positioning rod are fixedly connected with the top end of one corresponding column hinged-seat shaft through bolts respectively, and the nut bolts with the handles are in threaded connection with the double-door arch positioning rod.
The center of the double-arch positioning rod is a cylinder positioned in the center, and two ends of the cylinder in the center are sequentially provided with two side wall limiting blocking pieces, two U-shaped arch positioning blocks, two screw nut screws and two shaft end columns with pin holes, wherein the two side wall limiting blocking pieces, the two U-shaped arch positioning blocks, the two screw nut screws and the two shaft end columns are integrally formed with the cylinder and are bilaterally symmetrical; the screw bolt with the handle is in threaded connection with a corresponding screw rod, and each shaft end column with the pin hole is hinged to the top end of one vertical column type hinge shaft seat through a pin shaft.
The cross section contour line of the U-shaped door arch positioning block is in a U shape, and the diameter of a U-shaped arc curved surface of the U-shaped door arch positioning block is the same as that of a door arch arc surface d on the U-shaped shaft seat; the height of the end surfaces of two vertical side walls of the U shape is the same as that of the end surfaces c of straight line sections at two sides of the U shape of the U-shaped shaft seat; the U-shaped door arch positioning block also comprises an upper end surface of a U-shaped opening, the upper end surface of the U-shaped opening is positioned at the opening end of the U shape and is simultaneously perpendicular to the two vertical side wall end surfaces of the U shape; the axial thickness value of the U-shaped door arch positioning block along the U-shaped arc curved surface is the same as the thickness value between the front side wall and the rear side wall of the door arch of the U-shaped shaft seat; the distance value L between the outer end faces of the two U-shaped door arch positioning blocks is the same as the drawing standard distance value between the two door arch side walls a which are farthest away from each other on the two axle hinged supports in the same group; the distance value L between the inner side end faces of the two side wall limiting blocking pieces is the same as the drawing standard distance value between two door arch side walls a which are closest to each other on the two axle hinged supports in the same group.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the basic platform and the bearing beam supporting seat of the positioning tool can realize rapid and accurate positioning support for a curved surface structure special bearing beam structure in a reversed posture, and the two chamfer end faces on the side beam center positioning mechanism are respectively attached to two corresponding center pin rib plates in a tight mode, so that the vertical plane on the center pin mechanism coincides with the vertical plane of the bearing beam supporting seat, and the vertical plane on the bearing beam structure coincides with the vertical plane of the basic platform.
The axle hinged support door arch positioner which is completely matched with the axle hinged support structure characteristics and the positioning position characteristics can enable the arc surface d of the door arch on the U-shaped axle seat to be coaxially connected with the U-shaped arc curved surface, and enable the upper end surface b of the door post of the U-shaped axle seat to be aligned with the upper end surface of the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped door arch positioning block, so that the U-shaped axle seat is compressed and fixed along the axis direction of the central cylinder.
The horizontal end height adjusting bolts in the left and right horizontal end height adjusting bolt groups are adjusted, so that the upper cover plate of the side beam conforms to the horizontal posture required by the group, and the left and right axle hinged supports are symmetrically aligned below the arc curve section B of the lower cover plate of the side beam through the arc plates of the welding interfaces of the left and right axle hinged supports. The upper side beam cover plates are transversely tightly propped in the front direction and the rear direction of the screw rod mechanism respectively through the two upper side beam cover plates in each upper side beam cover plate transverse positioning mechanism, so that the assembly positioning of the standard welding postures of the bearing beam structure is completed, and the size positioning of the left group of U-shaped shaft seats and the right group of U-shaped shaft seats according with the drawing standard span K is realized at the same time. The axle hinged support assembled under the reversed installation posture can not be interfered by the influence of self gravity, so that the assembly positioning precision of the welding interface arc plate can be improved, and meanwhile, the reversed installation welding posture is also favorable for repeatedly filling molten metal solder into a welding seam, thereby improving the welding quality.
The spring seat pressing mechanism can be used for completing the positioning operation of the left spring seat and the right spring seat and the standard welding attitude group of the bearing beam structure according to the drawing standard span value T of the cylinder axes of the left spring seat and the right spring seat.
The assembling and positioning tool for the reverse assembling and welding of the side beams can completely avoid the surveying and mapping marking operation of the time setting of the side beam assembly, has a simple, convenient, accurate and reliable positioning component mode, can effectively inhibit the welding deformation of all parts on the wing-shaped side beams of birds, and reduces the adjustment and repair work after welding, thereby greatly improving the production efficiency and the product quality.
In addition, the tool has the advantages of simple and practical structure, convenience in operation, low cost, convenience in popularization and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a prior art side sill;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a conventional side sill in a front-loading position;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the explosive assembly of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a conventional axle hinge base in a front-loading attitude;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a conventional axle pivot in a reverse-mounted position;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a prior art kingpin mechanism;
FIG. 7 is a top view of a prior art kingpin mechanism;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a conventional side sill in a reverse-mounted position;
FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a reversed installation posture group assembling and positioning tool for welding a side beam according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a reversed-installation attitude group alignment fixture for side sill welding of the present invention without two spring retainer hold-down mechanisms and two axle hinged seat door arch positioners;
fig. 11 is a partially enlarged view of portion I of fig. 10;
FIG. 12 is a front view of the side beam centering mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a top view of the side beam centering mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a perspective view of the spring seat hold-down mechanism;
FIG. 15 is a schematic perspective view of a compression block of the spring seat of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic perspective view of the axle anchor door arch retainer of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view showing the assembly of the double door arch spacer and the threaded nut bolt with handle according to the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a schematic illustration of the explosive assembly of FIG. 17;
FIG. 19 is a front view of the double door arch positioning rod of the present invention;
FIG. 20 is a schematic perspective view of the positioning tool for the reversed assembly of the side beam welding according to the present invention;
fig. 21 is a partial enlarged view of portion II of fig. 20;
FIG. 22 is a schematic view of the application of the side sill center positioning mechanism to the center pin mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 23 is a top view of FIG. 22;
fig. 24 is a schematic view showing the application of the double door arch retainer rod and two nut bolts with handles of the present invention to simultaneously secure two axle sockets in a reversed state.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the reversed-installation attitude assembly positioning tool for welding the side beam comprises a base platform 2, a side beam middle section positioning seat 3, two spring seat pressing mechanisms 4 and two axle hinged seat door arch positioners 5, wherein the lower ends of the side beam middle section positioning seat 3, the two spring seat pressing mechanisms 4 and the two axle hinged seat door arch positioners 5 are fixedly connected to the end surface of the base platform 2, the side beam middle section positioning seat 3 is positioned in the center of the base platform 2, the two spring seat pressing mechanisms 4 are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the side beam middle section positioning seat 3, the two axle hinged seat door arch positioners 5 are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the two ends of the base platform 2, and the distance value between the two axle hinged seat door arch positioners 5 is equal to the standard span value of the axes of the left and right axle hinged seats 1-; the distance value between the two spring seat pressing mechanisms 4 is equal to the drawing standard span value of the cylinder axes of the left spring seat 1 and the right spring seat 4 and is T.
As shown in fig. 11 to 13, the side beam middle section positioning seat 3 includes a bearing beam support seat 3-1, a side beam center positioning mechanism 3-2 and three bearing beam support seat height adjusting bolts 3-3, the lower end of the bearing beam support seat 3-1 is fixedly connected to the center of the upper end face of the foundation platform 2, and the side beam center positioning mechanism 3-2 is rotatably connected with the side wall of the front end of the bearing beam support seat 3-1; each bearing beam supporting seat height adjusting bolt 3-3 corresponds to three screw holes on the end face of the bearing beam supporting seat 3-1 one by one and is in threaded connection.
The side beam center positioning mechanism 3-2 comprises a hinge shaft seat 3-2-1, an L-shaped rotating arm 3-2-2 and a side beam upper cover plate midpoint pressure head 3-2-3 positioned based on a center pin, the hinge shaft seat 3-2-1 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the front end of the center of a bearing beam supporting seat 3-1, one L-shaped end of the L-shaped rotating arm 3-2-2 is rotatably connected with the hinge shaft seat 3-2-1 through a pin shaft, and the other L-shaped end is fixedly connected with the side beam upper cover plate midpoint pressure head 3-2-3 positioned based on the center pin;
two ends of the upper end face of the base platform 2 are respectively provided with a horizontal end height adjusting bolt group, and each horizontal end height adjusting bolt group at least comprises three horizontal end height adjusting bolts 2-2 in threaded connection with the upper end face of the base platform 2.
The center point pressure head 3-2-3 of the upper cover plate of the side beam based on the center pin positioning is of a pentagonal prism structure, the rear side end face of the pentagonal prism is fixedly connected with the L-shaped rotating arm 3-2-2, three cylindrical surfaces at the front end of the pentagonal prism are isosceles trapezoids, wherein the included angle of two chamfered end faces 3-2-3-1 serving as the inclined edges of the trapezoids is 80 degrees, and the length of the chamfered end face 3-2-3-1 serving as the upper bottom edge of the trapezoids is smaller than the minimum distance between two center pin rib plates 1-2-1-1; when a pressure head 3-2-3 at the midpoint of the upper cover plate of the side beam positioned based on the center pin rotates to the position above a bearing beam supporting seat 3-1 through an L-shaped rotating arm 3-2-2, the height from the lower end surface of the pressure head to the upper end surface of the bearing beam supporting seat 3-1 is larger than the thickness of the upper cover plate 1-1 of the side beam.
As shown in fig. 14 and 15, the spring seat pressing mechanism 4 comprises a long portal column type hinge shaft seat 4-1, a short portal column type hinge shaft seat 4-2, a cross beam rotating arm 4-3, a cross beam rotating arm locking mechanism 4-4 and a spring seat pressing cushion block 4-5, wherein the long portal column type hinge shaft seat 4-1 and the short portal column type hinge shaft seat 4-2 are both vertically and fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the base platform 2, and one end of the cross beam rotating arm 4-3 is hinged to the top end of the long portal column type hinge shaft seat 4-1; the other end of the beam rotating arm 4-3 is provided with a locking bolt clamping groove 4-3-1; the cross beam rotating arm locking mechanism 4-4 comprises a locking mechanism screw rod 4-4-1, a locking nut 4-4-2 and a rotating pin shaft 4-4-3, the rotating pin shaft 4-4-3 is hinged with the short portal type hinge shaft seat 4-2, the locking mechanism screw rod 4-4-1 is vertically and fixedly connected to the middle of the rotating pin shaft 4-4-3, the locking mechanism screw rod 4-4-1 rotates around the axis of the rotating pin shaft 4-4-3 and is embedded into the locking bolt clamping groove 4-3-1, and the diameter of the locking mechanism screw rod 4-4-1 is smaller than the width of the locking bolt clamping groove 4-3-1; the locking nut 4-4-2 is in threaded connection with the top end of the locking mechanism screw 4-4-1, and the lower end face of the locking nut 4-4-2 is pressed at the upper end of the locking bolt clamping groove 4-3-1; the upper part of the middle section of the spring seat compression cushion block 4-5 is hinged with the middle section of the beam rotating arm 4-3 through a hinge shaft, the spring seat compression cushion block 4-5 is made of rubber materials, and the length value of the spring seat compression cushion block is 105% of the diameter of the spring seat 1-4.
And the upper end surface of the basic platform 2 outside each spring seat pressing mechanism 4 is provided with a side beam upper cover plate transverse positioning mechanism, and each side beam upper cover plate transverse positioning mechanism comprises two side beam upper cover plate transverse jacking screw rod mechanisms 2-1 which are symmetrically arranged.
As shown in fig. 16 to 19, the axle hinged-seat door-arch positioner 5 comprises two column hinged-axle seats 5-1, a double-door-arch positioning rod 5-2 and two nut bolts 5-3 with handles, wherein the two column hinged-axle seats 5-1 are vertically and fixedly connected to the upper end face of the base platform 2, two ends of the double-door-arch positioning rod 5-2 are fixedly connected with the top end of one corresponding column hinged-axle seat 5-1 through bolts respectively, and the nut bolts 5-3 with handles are in threaded connection with the double-door-arch positioning rod 5-2.
The center of the double-door-arch positioning rod 5-2 is a cylinder 5-2-1 positioned in the center, two ends of the cylinder 5-2-1 in the center are sequentially provided with two side wall limiting blocking pieces 5-2-2, two U-shaped door-arch positioning blocks 5-2-3, two screw nut screws 5-2-4 and two shaft end columns 5-2-5 with pin holes, wherein the two side wall limiting blocking pieces 5-2-2, the two U-shaped door-arch positioning blocks and the two shaft end columns are; the screw bolt 5-3 with the handle is in threaded connection with a corresponding screw bolt 5-2-4, and each shaft end column 5-2-5 with the pin hole is hinged with the top end of a column hinge shaft seat 5-1 through a pin shaft.
The cross section contour line of the U-shaped door arch positioning block 5-2-3 is in a letter U shape, and the diameter of the U-shaped arc curved surface 5-2-3-1 is the same as that of the door arch arc surface d on the U-shaped shaft seat 1-5-2; the height of the end surfaces 5-2-3-2 of the two vertical side walls of the U shape is the same as that of the end surface c of the straight line sections on the two sides of the U shape of the U-shaped shaft seat 1-5-2; the U-shaped door arch positioning block 5-2-3 also comprises a U-shaped opening upper end face 5-2-3-3, the U-shaped opening upper end face 5-2-3-3 is positioned at the U-shaped opening end and is simultaneously vertical to two vertical side wall end faces 5-2-3-2 of the U shape; the axial thickness value of the U-shaped door arch positioning block 5-2-3 along the U-shaped arc curved surface 5-2-3-1 is the same as the thickness value between the front side wall and the rear side wall of the U-shaped door arch of the shaft seat 1-5-2; the distance value L1 between the outer end faces of the two U-shaped door arch positioning blocks 5-2-3 is the same as the drawing standard distance value between the two door arch side walls a at the farthest ends of the two axle hinged supports 1-5 in the same group; the spacing value L2 of the inner side end faces of the two side wall limiting baffle plates 5-2-2 is the same as the drawing standard spacing value between two door arch side walls a which are closest to each other on the two axle hinged supports 1-5 of the same group.
Specifically, when the assembly positioning tool for the reverse-installation posture for welding the side beams performs welding assembly positioning on two sets of axle hinged supports and the framework side beams, as shown in fig. 20 and 24, a bearing beam structure is firstly placed on the end surface of a basic platform 2 in a reverse-installation posture, and a bearing beam support seat 3-1 is used for supporting the position A of the middle-lower horizontal section of a side beam lower cover plate 1-3. The middle point pressure head 3-2-3 of the upper cover plate of the side beam based on the positioning of the center pin is positioned above the bearing beam supporting seat 3-1 through the rotation of the L-shaped rotating arm 3-2-2, and the two chamfer end surfaces 3-2-3-1 are respectively attached to two corresponding center pin rib plates 1-2-1-1, so that the vertical plane in the center pin mechanism 1-2-1 is coincided with the vertical plane in the bearing beam supporting seat 3-1, and further the vertical plane in the bearing beam structure is coincided with the vertical plane in the base platform 2.
Then, the height adjusting bolts 3-3 of the three bearing beam supporting seats are respectively adjusted, so that the upper cover plate 1-1 of the side beam meets the horizontal posture required by assembly.
Then, firstly, the axle hinged support door arch positioner 5 is utilized to position two axle hinged supports 1-5 in a group of corresponding axle hinged supports above an arc curve section B of a side beam lower cover plate 1-3 at the position of the axle hinged support door arch positioner in a reversed installation posture, and the specific method comprises the following steps: the U-shaped shaft seat 1-5-2 on each axle hinged support 1-5 rides on a corresponding axle hinged support door arch positioner 5 in a posture that the upper end surface b of the door post faces downwards, and the arc surface d of the door arch on the U-shaped shaft seat 1-5-2 is coaxially connected with the U-shaped arc curved surface 5-2-3-1. Then, each screw bolt 5-3 with a handle is in threaded connection with a corresponding screw bolt 5-2-4, the end surface of the side wall of the screw bolt 5-3 with the handle is attached to the front side wall a of a door arch of the U-shaped shaft seat 1-5-2, the upper end surface b of the door post of the U-shaped shaft seat 1-5-2 is aligned with the upper end surface of the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped door arch positioning block 5-2-3 by 5-2-3-3, and the U-shaped shaft seat 1-5-2 is pressed and fixed along the axial direction of the central cylinder 5-2-1. Then, two ends of the double-door arch positioning rod 5-2 are fixedly connected with the top end of a corresponding column type hinge shaft seat 5-1 through bolts respectively, and horizontal end height adjusting bolts 2-2 in the left horizontal end height adjusting bolt group and the right horizontal end height adjusting bolt group are adjusted respectively, so that the upper cover plate 1-1 of the side beam is in accordance with the horizontal posture required by assembly, and the left axle hinge seat 1-5 and the right axle hinge seat 1-5 are symmetrically aligned below an arc curve section B of the lower cover plate 1-3 of the side beam through respective welding interface arc plates 1-5-1. And then the upper side beam cover plate 1-1 is transversely pressed in the front and back directions respectively through two upper side beam cover plate transverse pressing screw rod mechanisms 2-1 in each upper side beam cover plate transverse positioning mechanism, so that the assembly positioning of the standard welding posture of the bearing beam structure is completed. Because the distance value of the two axle hinged support door arch positioners 5 is equal to the standard span value K of the axes of the left and right axle hinged supports 1-5, the positioning operation of the left and right U-shaped axle seats 1-5-2 also realizes the size positioning which makes the axle hinged support door arch positioners accord with the standard span K of the drawing. At this point, the welding operation under the reversed installation posture can be finished for the left and right groups of axle hinged supports 1-5. The paired axle hinged supports 1-5 under the reversed installation posture can not be interfered by the influence of self gravity, so that the pairing positioning precision of the welding interface arc plates 1-5-1 can be improved, and meanwhile, the reversed installation welding posture is also beneficial to repeatedly filling molten metal solder into welding seams, thereby improving the welding quality.
The spring seat pressing mechanism 4 is utilized to position the spring seat 1-4 corresponding to the spring seat on the horizontal end C above the side beam upper cover plate 1-1 at the position of the spring seat in a reversely mounted posture, the circumferential outer side wall of a cylinder of the spring seat 1-4 is respectively tangent with the end parts of the two inner side walls of the side wall double-clamping plate 1-2, then the spring seat pressing cushion block 4-5 is driven by turning the cross beam rotating arm 4-3 and is pressed on the top edge of the cylinder of the spring seat 1-4 along the diameter direction of the spring seat, finally, the locking mechanism screw 4-4-1 rotates around the axis of the rotating pin shaft 4-4-3 and is embedded into the locking bolt clamping groove 4-3-1, and the lower end surface of the locking mechanism screw 4-4-2 is pressed on the upper end of the locking bolt clamping groove 4-3-1 by, the transverse beam and rotary arm locking mechanism 4-4 can complete the positioning operation of the left and right spring seats 1-4 and the standard welding attitude group of the bearing beam structure according to the drawing standard span value T of the cylinder axes of the left and right spring seats, so that the welding operation of the left and right spring seats 1-4 under the reversed installation attitude can be started.
Claims (7)
1. A reversed-installation posture assembly positioning tool for welding a side beam comprises a base platform (2), a side beam middle section positioning seat (3), two spring seat pressing mechanisms (4), two axle hinged seat door arch positioners (5) and a side beam middle section positioning seat (3), the lower ends of two spring seat pressing mechanisms (4) and two axle hinged support door arch positioners (5) are fixedly connected to the end surface of a basic platform (2), a side beam middle section positioning seat (3) is positioned at the center of the basic platform (2), the two spring seat pressing mechanisms (4) are symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the side beam middle section positioning seat (3), the two axle hinged support door arch positioners (5) are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the two ends of the basic platform (2), and the distance value of the two axle hinged support door arch positioners (5) is equal to the standard span value of the axes of the left and the right axle hinged supports (1-5) and is K; the distance value between the two spring seat pressing mechanisms (4) is equal to the drawing standard span value of the cylinder axis of the left spring seat (1) and the right spring seat (4) and is T;
the side beam middle section positioning seat (3) comprises a bearing beam supporting seat (3-1), a side beam central positioning mechanism (3-2) and three bearing beam supporting seat height adjusting bolts (3-3), the lower end of the bearing beam supporting seat (3-1) is fixedly connected to the center of the upper end face of the foundation platform (2), and the side beam central positioning mechanism (3-2) is rotatably connected with the side wall of the front end of the bearing beam supporting seat (3-1); each bearing beam supporting seat height adjusting bolt (3-3) corresponds to and is in threaded connection with three screw holes on the end face of each bearing beam supporting seat (3-1);
the method is characterized in that: the side beam center positioning mechanism (3-2) comprises a hinge shaft seat (3-2-1), an L-shaped rotating arm (3-2-2) and a side beam upper cover plate midpoint pressure head (3-2-3) positioned based on a center pin, the hinge shaft seat (3-2-1) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the front end of the center of the bearing beam supporting seat (3-1), one L-shaped end of the L-shaped rotating arm (3-2-2) is rotatably connected with the hinge shaft seat (3-2-1) through a pin shaft, and the other L-shaped end of the L-shaped rotating arm is fixedly connected with the side beam upper cover plate midpoint pressure head (3-2-3) positioned based on the center pin;
two ends of the upper end face of the base platform (2) are respectively provided with a horizontal end height adjusting bolt group, and each horizontal end height adjusting bolt group at least comprises three horizontal end height adjusting bolts (2-2) in threaded connection with the upper end face of the base platform (2).
2. The reversed installation posture group alignment positioning tool for welding the side beam as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the center point pressure head (3-2-3) of the upper cover plate of the side beam based on the center pin positioning is of a pentagonal prism structure, the rear end face of the pentagonal prism is fixedly connected with the L-shaped rotating arm (3-2-2), three cylindrical surfaces at the front end of the pentagonal prism are isosceles trapezoids, wherein the included angle of two chamfer end faces (3-2-3-1) serving as the inclined edges of the trapezoids is 80 degrees, and the length of the chamfer end face (3-2-3-1) serving as the upper bottom edge of the trapezoids is smaller than the minimum distance between two center pin rib plates (1-2-1-1); when a pressure head (3-2-3) at the midpoint of the upper cover plate of the side beam positioned based on the center pin rotates to the position above the bearing beam supporting seat (3-1) through the L-shaped rotating arm (3-2-2), the height from the lower end surface of the pressure head to the upper end surface of the bearing beam supporting seat (3-1) is larger than the thickness of the upper cover plate (1-1) of the side beam.
3. The reversed installation posture group alignment positioning tool for welding the side beam as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the spring seat pressing mechanism (4) comprises a long portal column type hinge shaft seat (4-1), a short portal column type hinge shaft seat (4-2), a cross beam rotating arm (4-3), a cross beam rotating arm locking mechanism (4-4) and a spring seat pressing cushion block (4-5), the long portal column type hinge shaft seat (4-1) and the short portal column type hinge shaft seat (4-2) are both vertically and fixedly connected to the upper end face of the base platform (2), and one end of the cross beam rotating arm (4-3) is hinged to the top end of the long portal column type hinge shaft seat (4-1); the other end of the beam rotating arm (4-3) is provided with a locking bolt clamping groove (4-3-1); the cross beam rotating arm locking mechanism (4-4) comprises a locking mechanism screw rod (4-4-1), a locking nut (4-4-2) and a rotating pin shaft (4-4-3), the rotating pin shaft (4-4-3) is hinged with a short door column type hinge shaft seat (4-2), the locking mechanism screw rod (4-4-1) is vertically and fixedly connected to the middle of the rotating pin shaft (4-4-3), the locking mechanism screw rod (4-4-1) rotates around the axis of the rotating pin shaft (4-4-3) and is embedded into a locking bolt clamping groove (4-3-1), and the diameter of the locking mechanism screw rod (4-4-1) is smaller than the width of the locking bolt clamping groove (4-3-1); the locking nut (4-4-2) is in threaded connection with the top end of the locking mechanism screw rod (4-4-1), and the lower end face of the locking nut (4-4-2) is pressed at the upper end of the locking bolt clamping groove (4-3-1); the upper part of the middle section of the spring seat compression cushion block (4-5) is hinged with the middle section of the beam rotating arm (4-3) through a hinge shaft, and the length value of the spring seat compression cushion block (4-5) is 105% of the diameter of the spring seat (1-4).
4. The reversed posture group assembling and positioning tool for welding the side beam as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: and the upper end surface of the base platform (2) at the outer side of each spring seat pressing mechanism (4) is provided with a side beam upper cover plate transverse positioning mechanism, and each side beam upper cover plate transverse positioning mechanism comprises two side beam upper cover plate transverse jacking screw rod mechanisms (2-1) which are symmetrically arranged.
5. The reversed installation posture group alignment positioning tool for welding the side beam as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the axle hinged seat door arch positioner (5) comprises two column hinged shaft seats (5-1), a double-door arch positioning rod (5-2) and two nut bolts (5-3) with handles, the two column hinged shaft seats (5-1) are vertically and fixedly connected to the upper end face of the base platform (2), two ends of the double-door arch positioning rod (5-2) are fixedly connected with the top end of one corresponding column hinged shaft seat (5-1) through bolts respectively, and the nut bolts (5-3) with the handles are in threaded connection with the double-door arch positioning rod (5-2).
6. The reversed installation posture group alignment positioning tool for welding the side beam as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: the center of the double-door-arch positioning rod (5-2) is a cylinder (5-2-1) positioned in the center, two ends of the cylinder (5-2-1) in the center are sequentially provided with two side wall limiting blocking pieces (5-2-2) which are integrally formed with the cylinder and are bilaterally symmetrical, two U-shaped door-arch positioning blocks (5-2-3), two screw nut screws (5-2-4) and two shaft end columns (5-2-5) with pin holes; the screw bolt (5-3) with the handle is in threaded connection with a corresponding screw bolt (5-2-4), and each shaft end column (5-2-5) with the pin hole is hinged with the top end of a column type hinge shaft seat (5-1) through a pin shaft.
7. The reversed installation posture group alignment positioning tool for welding the side beam as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: the cross section contour line of the U-shaped door arch positioning block (5-2-3) is in a letter U shape, and the diameter of a U-shaped arc curved surface (5-2-3-1) is the same as that of a door arch arc surface d on the U-shaped shaft seat (1-5-2); the height of the end surfaces (5-2-3-2) of the two vertical side walls of the U shape is the same as that of the end surface c of the straight line section at the two sides of the U shape of the U-shaped shaft seat (1-5-2); the U-shaped door arch positioning block (5-2-3) also comprises a U-shaped opening upper end face (5-2-3-3), the U-shaped opening upper end face (5-2-3-3) is positioned at the U-shaped opening end and is simultaneously vertical to two vertical side wall end faces (5-2-3-2) of the U shape; the axial thickness value of the U-shaped door arch positioning block (5-2-3) along the U-shaped arc curved surface (5-2-3-1) is the same as the thickness value between the front side wall and the rear side wall of the door arch of the U-shaped shaft seat (1-5-2); the distance value L1 between the outer end faces of the two U-shaped door arch positioning blocks (5-2-3) is the same as the drawing standard distance value between the two door arch side walls a which are farthest away from each other on the two axle hinged supports (1-5) in the same group; the spacing value L2 of the inner side end faces of the two side wall limiting blocking pieces (5-2-2) is the same as the drawing standard spacing value between two door arch side walls a which are closest to each other on the two axle hinged supports (1-5) in the same group.
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