CN109047958A - A kind of method that Wire EDM prepares super-hydrophobic metal surface - Google Patents
A kind of method that Wire EDM prepares super-hydrophobic metal surface Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H1/00—Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
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Abstract
A kind of method that Wire EDM prepares super-hydrophobic metal surface is related to metal material surface processing.The irregular super-hydrophobic metal curved surface of macroshape both can have disposably been processed by low-frequency vibration device, carry out vibration machining again after can also first cutting out a curved surface.Prepare super-drainage structure on metal flat, in process then can the micron order scale topography to metal surface be designed, the micro-nano double-layer structure with surface topographies such as similar rectangular halfpace, diamond shape halfpace, water chestnut cones can be produced by repeatedly processing.Directly prepare super-hydrophobic metal surface using the Wire-cut Electrical Discharge Machining of low-frequency vibration auxiliary, preparation process is simple, and high in machining efficiency and surface texture is controllable, is a kind of inexpensive, preparation method for being simple and efficient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal material surface processing, prepare super-hydrophobic metal particularly with regard to a kind of Wire EDM
The method on surface.
Background technique
In recent years, super hydrophobic material is because of its superiority with drag reduction, antibacterial, corrosion-resistant, anti-freeze, automatically cleaning etc.
Can and cause the concern of numerous scientific research personnel.Super hydrophobic surface generally refers to be greater than 150 ° with the contact angle of water, and roll angle is small
In 10 ° of surface.The performance of super hydrophobic surface is that water droplet cannot be in the stop of its surface-stable, because being easy to from surface
On tumble, and while tumbling, can take away the molecule on its surface, so it has automatically cleaning similar with lotus leaf surface
Function.Therefore super hydrophobic surface is all with a wide range of applications in fields such as device fabrication, aerospace, medical instruments.
The surface that the hydrophobic performance of material depends primarily on basis material can be with the common work of material surface micro-structure these two aspects factor
With, and the surface of metal material can be generally higher, is usually expressed as water-wet behavior, generally requires so preparing super hydrophobic surface
Material surface constructs micro-nano double-layer structure and tries to reduce its surface energy.
Currently, the preparation method of super hydrophobic material is many kinds of, it is broadly divided into physical method and chemical method.Physical method is mainly wrapped
Include electrostatic spinning, template, laser ablation, electrical discharge machining, ion implanting etc.；Chemical rule includes electrochemical deposition, humidifying
Learn reaction, hydrothermal synthesis, self assembly, alternating deposit, solution immersion method, chemical vapor deposition, sol-gel etc..Chemical method master
One layer of micro-nano compound structure layer is generated on the surface of the material by chemical reaction, thus realize the hydrophobic performance of material surface, but
It is and the influence vulnerable to various experimental conditions since chemical reaction preparation process is not easy to control, therefore material surface hydrophobic layer
The gap of micro-nano multi-level structure is often very big, and because it is to be present in material surface in the form of a film, it hydrophobic
Stability vulnerable to application environment influence and be deteriorated even lose.In addition, since waste liquid generated in chemical production processes needs
Specially treated is done, this not only adds preparation cost, is also easy to cause environmental pollution.And in physical method, template processing effect
Rate is low and is difficult to prepare complex-shaped surface, laser ablation then exist processing cost it is high, can not large scale preparation the disadvantages of.It is curved
([1] curved gorgeous tinkling of pieces of jade, Lian Zhongxu, Liu Zhigang prepare the super-hydrophobic copper surface of durable type in changing east high-speed electric spark wire cutting to the gorgeous tinkling of pieces of jade
[J] Materials Science and Engineering journal, 2014,32 (5): 634-642) use wire cutting method to produce super hydrophobic surface, but do not have
Have and truly construct the double scale surface structures of micro-nano, and lacks the optimization to electric machining process parameter, system in its method
It is standby that there is randomness.Chinese patent CN201710198619 prepares super-hydrophobic copper surface also with wire cutting, but it is processed
The spacing between micro-boss out cannot be less than the diameter of wire electrode so that it can not to prepare micro-scale smaller micro-
Receive double-layer structure.That therefore, it is necessary to study a kind of production costs is low, preparation process is simple, process is environmentally friendly and surface texture
Controllable method realizes the hydrophobicity of material surface.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods that Wire EDM prepares super-hydrophobic metal surface.
The present invention the following steps are included:
1) low-frequency vibration device is mounted on Wire EDM platform, the low-frequency vibration device is equipped with ring rotation
Workbench, rotating basis, vibration module, insulation vibrating arm, wire electrode lantern ring, Switching Power Supply and servo controller；
2) clamping workpiece that need to be processed is adjusted insulation vibrating arm and is added on ring rotation workbench on permanent magnetic chuck
The relative position of work workpiece surface, so that the direction of vibration of insulation vibrating arm and the direction of feed on workpieces processing surface remain
Vertically to process the irregular super-hydrophobic curved surface of macroshape；
3) on rotating basis carry vibration module be for convenience vibration module adjustment insulation vibrating arm direction of vibration with
Angle between the direction of feed of workpieces processing surface；
4) Switching Power Supply is that vibration module, ring rotation workbench and servo controller energy supply, vibration module are revolved in annular
It is moved on revolving worktable, vibration module is for providing low-frequency vibration, using servo controller to vibration module and ring rotation work
Make platform and carry out process control, it is ensured that the direction of vibration of wire electrode remains vertical with the direction of feed on workpieces processing surface, makes
Wire EDM based on low-frequency vibration auxiliary both can disposably process the irregular super-hydrophobic metal curved surface of macroshape,
Vibration machining is carried out again after first can also normally cutting out a curved surface；
5) effect of insulation vibrating arm is the insulation in order to keep vibration module and wire electrode and the vibration by vibration module
It is transferred on wire electrode；
6) wire electrode lantern ring drives wire electrode to move reciprocatingly together with vibration module, micron-sized ripple out easy to process
Structure；
7) prepare super-drainage structure on metal flat, in process can micron order scale topography to metal surface into
Row design, by adjusting the relative position on workpieces processing surface and wire electrode to workpieces processing again clamping, i.e., will process work
Part different rotation angle again processed by clamping, can obtain the super-hydrophobic micro-nano double-layer structure metal with different surface morphology
Surface.
The surface topography of the super-hydrophobic micro-nano double-layer structure can be rectangular halfpace, diamond shape halfpace, water chestnut cone etc..
The diameter of the wire electrode lantern ring is 0.1~0.2mm bigger than wire electrode diameter, this be both in order to prevent wire electrode and electricity
Since friction is blocked and fracture of wire between polar filament lantern ring, while also guaranteeing that the gap of wire electrode and wire electrode lantern ring is unlikely to excessive,
Convenient for controlling vibration amplitude.
The micron order ripple struction width that the present invention processes obtained super-hydrophobic micro-nano double-layer structure is 30~180 μm,
Depth is 10~120 μm, and nano-scale particle and pore size are 10~500nm, and static contact angle is 150~160 °.
To prepare suitable micro-nano double-layer structure metal surface, the vibration of the Wire EDM based on low-frequency vibration auxiliary
Dynamic frequency is 0.1~20Hz, Oscillation Amplitude is 0~2mm, processing electric current is 3~7A, pulse width is wide between 16~64 μ s, arteries and veins
Degree is 5~9 μ s, machining medium is air/emulsion/oxygen, gap voltage is 80~120V, and wherein wire electrode diameter is 180 μ
m。
Since the electric spark wire cutting method of low-frequency vibration auxiliary is directly to process micro-nano double-layer structure in metal surface,
So the bond strength of the micro-nano double-layer structure and matrix is high, durability is good, and the performance of structure itself is stablized.
Compared with prior art, super-hydrophobic metal surface is prepared simply just using the Wire EDM that low-frequency vibration assists
Victory, high in machining efficiency and manufacturing cost is low, and electric spark processing liquid is recyclable, advantageously reduces processing-waste to environment
Pollution, secondly can be controllable process required micro-nano double-layer structure.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is based on the schematic diagrams that vibration auxiliary prepares super-hydrophobic metal surface.
Fig. 2 is the schematic top plan view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the of the invention schematic diagram for disposably processing the irregular super-hydrophobic metal curved surface of macroshape.
Fig. 4 is scanning electron microscope (SEM) figure of the super-hydrophobic metal surface processed based on the present invention.
Fig. 5 is one of the three-dimensional simulation figure that the present invention processes different micrometer scale surface patterns.
Fig. 6 is the two of the three-dimensional simulation figure that the present invention processes different micrometer scale surface patterns.
Fig. 7 is the three of the three-dimensional simulation figure that the present invention processes different micrometer scale surface patterns.
Fig. 8 is water drop static contact angle (CA) figure of super-hydrophobic metal surface obtained by the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Following embodiment will the present invention is further illustrated in conjunction with attached drawing.
Join Fig. 1~3, the embodiment of the present invention includes following steps:
1) low-frequency vibration device is mounted on Wire EDM platform 10, the low-frequency vibration device is equipped with annular rotation
Revolving worktable 1, rotating basis 2, vibration module 3, insulation vibrating arm 4, wire electrode lantern ring 5, Switching Power Supply and servo controller (
It is not drawn into figure)；
2) the workpiece A that need to be processed is clamped on permanent magnetic chuck 6, the adjustment insulation vibrating arm 4 on ring rotation workbench 1
With the relative position on the surface workpiece A so that the direction of feed on the surface direction of vibration F and workpiece A of insulation vibrating arm 4 remains
Vertically to process the irregular super-hydrophobic curved surface of macroshape；
3) it is that vibration module 3 adjusts insulation 4 side of vibration of vibrating arm for convenience that vibration module 3 is carried on rotating basis 2
Angle between the direction of feed of the surface workpiece A；
4) Switching Power Supply is vibration module 3, ring rotation workbench 1 and servo controller energy supply, and vibration module 3 is in annular
It is moved on rotary table 1, vibration module 3 provides low-frequency vibration, using servo controller to vibration module 3 and ring rotation work
Make platform 1 and carry out process control, it is ensured that the direction of vibration of wire electrode 8 remains vertical with the direction of feed on the surface workpiece A, makes base
The irregular super-hydrophobic metal curved surface of macroshape both can have disposably been processed in the Wire EDM of low-frequency vibration auxiliary,
Vibration machining is carried out again after a curved surface can first be cut out；
5) insulation vibrating arm 4 keeps the insulation of vibration module 3 and wire electrode 8 and the vibration of vibration module 3 is transferred to electricity
On polar filament 8；
6) wire electrode lantern ring 5 drives wire electrode 8 to move reciprocatingly together with vibration module 3, easy to process micron-sized out
Ripple struction；
7) prepare super-drainage structure on metal flat, in process can micron order scale topography to metal surface into
Row design, by adjusting the relative position on the surface workpiece A Yu wire electrode 8 to workpiece A again clamping, i.e., not by workpiece A rotation
It is processed with angle again clamping, the super-hydrophobic micro-nano double-layer structure metal surface with different surface morphology can be obtained.
The surface topography of the super-hydrophobic micro-nano double-layer structure is rectangular halfpace, diamond shape halfpace, water chestnut cone etc..
The micron order ripple struction width for the super-hydrophobic micro-nano double-layer structure that the present invention processes is 30~180 μm, and depth is
10~120 μm, nano-scale particle and pore size are 10~500nm, and static contact angle is 150~160 °.
To prepare suitable micro-nano double-layer structure metal surface, the vibration of the Wire EDM based on low-frequency vibration auxiliary
Dynamic frequency is 0.1~20Hz, Oscillation Amplitude is 0~2mm, processing electric current is 3~7A, pulse width is wide between 16~64 μ s, arteries and veins
Degree is 5~9 μ s, machining medium is air/emulsion/oxygen, gap voltage is 80V~120V, and wherein wire electrode diameter is 180
μm。
Since movement of the vibration module on ring rotation workbench may insure the direction of vibration and processing work of wire electrode
The direction of feed on part surface remains vertically, therefore the Wire EDM based on low-frequency vibration auxiliary both can have been processed disposably
The irregular super-hydrophobic metal curved surface of macroshape out carries out vibration machining after can also first cutting out a curved surface again.
It, then can micron order scale shape to metal surface in process for preparing super-drainage structure on metal flat
Looks are designed, and by adjusting the relative position on workpieces processing surface and wire electrode to workpiece again clamping, i.e., will process work
Part different rotation angle again processed by clamping, so that the planning to metal surface machining path is realized, by repeatedly processing
The micro-nano double-layer structure with surface topographies such as similar rectangular halfpace, diamond shape halfpace, water chestnut cones can be produced (such as the institute of Fig. 5~7
Show).
Since the electric spark wire cutting method of low-frequency vibration auxiliary is directly to process micro-nano double-layer structure in metal surface,
So the bond strength of the micro-nano double-layer structure and matrix is high, durability is good, and the performance of structure itself is stablized.
Specific embodiment is given below.
By a pole receiving electrode silk of the pulse power, a pole connects copper sheet, and copper sheet is adhered to that iron plate is upper (but will to protect with 502 glue
Demonstrate,prove the electric conductivity between copper sheet and iron plate), then iron plate is adsorbed on permanent magnetic chuck 6 (referring to Fig. 1 and 2).First by 70mm
The copper sheet of × 40mm × 2mm is cut into a plane by way of fliud flushing, guarantees copper sheet plane and electricity when low-frequency vibration processing
Polar filament remains in parallel, so that it is guaranteed that consistency of the Oscillation Amplitude in whole process, wire electrode 8 is connected by guide wheel 9
(referring to Fig. 1).
In the place installation one low-frequency vibration auxiliary device vertical with workpiece surface, and guarantee about 4 vibrating arm that insulate
The center of two vibrating heads is parallel with wire electrode 8, and wire electrode 8 is placed in wire electrode lantern ring 6, convenient for insulation vibrating arm
4 drive wire electrodes 8 do of reciprocating vibration.Then different processing are carried out on the copper surface for cut out before plane in air dielectric
The Dan Yin of parameter (width, machining medium, gap voltage etc. between vibration frequency, Oscillation Amplitude, processing electric current, pulse width, arteries and veins)
Element test, each condition process certain width, and one block of plate can do the test of multiple conditions.
It will be cleaned twice in copper sheet merging ultrasonic cleaning apparatus after processing with ethanol solution, each 10min, to incite somebody to action
The impurity on Copper substrate surface cleans up, and allows its natural air drying after cleaning.Then pass through workpiece after laser co-focusing test processing
The roughness on surface and low-frequency vibration generate the effect of micron order ripple in workpiece surface, then pass through scanning electron microscope
(SEM) observation different machining parameters select several to super the influence degree of the micro- sodium double-layer structure of copper Surface Creation by comparison
The machined parameters that hydrophobic performance is affected carry out further orthogonal test.
The life of vibration frequency, Oscillation Amplitude, processing electric current, pulse width to micro-nano double-layer structure is learnt by single factor experiment
At being affected, therefore L is chosen according to common orthogonal layout9(34) table arranges orthogonal test, process processes with single factor test and tries
It tests equally, factor level table is as shown in table 1.In addition, gap voltage is that width is 8 μ s between 80V, arteries and veins, to show that preparation is super thin
The optimal procedure parameters of aqueous metal surface.
Table 1
Copper sheet after orthogonal test is placed in ethanol solution using twice of ultrasonic cleaning, each 10min, it is natural to it
The alcohol solution for soaking 10h for being placed on 20mol/L silicon fluoride is air-dried, then dries 2h in a vacuum drying oven.
Static contact angle test is carried out to the copper sheet after drying, during investigating low-frequency vibration auxiliary electric spark wire cutting
Main technologic parameters are 142 to the modified affecting laws for preparing copper surface water droplet contact angle, the range of surveyed static contact angle
~152 °, static contact angle is as shown in Figure 8.
Experiments have shown that the processing when electric current is 6A, pulsewidth is 32 μ s, vibration frequency 0.167Hz, Oscillation Amplitude are 0.5mm
Surface out has maximum static contact angle, and angle reaches 151.3 ° and the surface processed has apparent micro- sodium double
Layer structure, (micron order ripple struction width is 130 ± 10 μm, and depth is 80 ± 20 μm, nano-scale particle and gas as shown in Figure 4
Pore size range is 10~500nm).
The present invention both can disposably process the irregular super-hydrophobic metal song of macroshape by low-frequency vibration device
Face carries out vibration machining after can also first cutting out a curved surface again.Prepare super-drainage structure on metal flat, in process then
Can the micron order scale topography to metal surface be designed, by repeatedly process can produce have similar rectangular halfpace,
The micro-nano double-layer structure of the surface topographies such as diamond shape halfpace, water chestnut cone.The present invention is directly cut using the wire electric discharge that low-frequency vibration assists
Cut processing and prepare super-hydrophobic metal surface, preparation process is simple, and high in machining efficiency and surface texture is controllable, be it is a kind of it is inexpensive,
The preparation method being simple and efficient.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method that Wire EDM prepares super-hydrophobic metal surface, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
1) low-frequency vibration device is mounted on Wire EDM platform, the low-frequency vibration device works equipped with ring rotation
Platform, rotating basis, vibration module, insulation vibrating arm, wire electrode lantern ring, Switching Power Supply and servo controller；
2) clamping workpiece that need to be processed is adjusted into insulation vibrating arm and processing work on permanent magnetic chuck on ring rotation workbench
The relative position on part surface, so that the direction of vibration of insulation vibrating arm and the direction of feed on workpieces processing surface remain vertical
Directly, super-hydrophobic curved surface is processed；
3) vibration module is carried on rotating basis, between adjustment insulation vibrating arm direction of vibration and workpieces processing surface direction of feed
Angle；
4) Switching Power Supply is vibration module, ring rotation workbench and servo controller energy supply, and vibration module is in ring rotation work
Make to move on platform, vibration module is for providing low-frequency vibration, using servo controller to vibration module and ring rotation workbench
Carry out process control, it is ensured that the direction of vibration of wire electrode remains vertical with the direction of feed on workpieces processing surface, makes to be based on
The Wire EDM of low-frequency vibration auxiliary disposably processes super-hydrophobic metal curved surface, or is vibrated again after cutting out a curved surface
Processing；
5) insulation of vibration module and wire electrode is kept by insulation vibrating arm and the vibration of vibration module is transferred on wire electrode；
6) wire electrode lantern ring drives wire electrode to move reciprocatingly together with vibration module, the ripple struction of processing micron grade；
7) super-drainage structure is prepared on metal flat, and the micron order scale topography of metal surface is set in process
Meter is rotated workpieces processing by adjusting the relative position on workpieces processing surface and wire electrode to workpieces processing again clamping
Different angle again processed by clamping, obtains the super-hydrophobic micro-nano double-layer structure metal surface with different surface morphology.
2. a kind of method that Wire EDM prepares super-hydrophobic metal surface as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that super thin
The surface topography of water micro-nano double-layer structure is rectangular halfpace, diamond shape halfpace, water chestnut cone.
3. a kind of method that Wire EDM prepares super-hydrophobic metal surface as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that electrode
The diameter of silk braid ring is 0.1~0.2mm bigger than wire electrode diameter.
4. a kind of method that Wire EDM prepares super-hydrophobic metal surface as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that super thin
The micron order ripple struction width of water micro-nano double-layer structure is 30~180 μm, and depth is 10~120 μm, nano-scale particle and gas
Pore size is 10~500nm, and static contact angle is 150~160 °.
5. a kind of method that Wire EDM prepares super-hydrophobic metal surface as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that electrical fire
The vibration frequency of yarn cutting is 0.1~20Hz, Oscillation Amplitude is 0~2mm, processing electric current is 3~7A, pulse width be 16~
Width is 5~9 μ s between 64 μ s, arteries and veins, machining medium is air/emulsion/oxygen, gap voltage is 80~120V, wherein electrode
Silk diameter is 180 μm.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114178795A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-03-15 | 常州大学 | Preparation method of anisotropic super-hydrophobic surface of metal material |
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| CN114178795A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-03-15 | 常州大学 | Preparation method of anisotropic super-hydrophobic surface of metal material |
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