CN109042495A - A method of for improving goose seedling hatching rate - Google Patents
A method of for improving goose seedling hatching rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN109042495A CN109042495A CN201810697860.3A CN201810697860A CN109042495A CN 109042495 A CN109042495 A CN 109042495A CN 201810697860 A CN201810697860 A CN 201810697860A CN 109042495 A CN109042495 A CN 109042495A
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- hatching
- egg
- temperature
- hatching egg
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods for improving goose seedling hatching rate, comprising the following steps: Step 1: collecting hatching egg；Step 2: egg is washed, the protective film on configuration cleaning solution removal hatching egg surface；Step 3: the pathogenic microorganism on hatching egg surface is killed in fumigation；Step 4: cooling egg；Step 5: hatching；Step 6: emergence.Advantages of the present invention: before this method is incubated on to hatching egg, first goose egg is cleaned, disinfection, egg process removing hatching egg outer layer protection mucous membrane is washed increased, so that hatching egg is in hatching, goose egg be can satisfy to oxygen absorption, then it carries out disinfection to hatching egg, pathogenic microorganism can thoroughly be killed, reduce disease vertical transmission, so that hatching rate reaches 95% or more, goose seedling defect rate greatly reduces compared with prior art, the survival rate of goose seedling improves 2% after hatching, making every incubation equipment by this method, manually cool every month egg time at least reduces 8 hours, make every incubation equipment monthly at least 40 degree of using electricity wisely simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to poultry hatching technical field more particularly to a kind of methods for improving goose seedling hatching rate.
Background technique
In recent years, as goose is more and more popular with consumers, the cultivation scale of goose is also constantly expanding, and just needs
A large amount of young goose is wanted, but the hatching rate of goose only has 85% or so at present, hatching rate is low, increases hatching cost.Existing hatching skill
Why hatching rate is low for art, does not have the process of set of system just to be hatched when being because of before hatching of breeding eggs with hatching, and existing
Some incubation equipments are generally using three-dimensional hatching, and the main points of solid hatching are exactly to reinforce gas permeability, in order to increase gas permeability and make
Temperature unification in every nook and cranny inside incubator is obtained, ventilation is forced by fan, hatching egg epidermis is caused to protect the rapid wind of mucous membrane in this way
It is dry, the absorption of goose egg oxygen is hindered, and the cool egg of tradition can only solve the problems, such as that part goose egg epidermis mucous membrane air-dries, this makes hatching rate
It cannot guarantee very well always, therefore be badly in need of wanting a kind of incubation technology of high hatchability for using at this stage.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve disadvantages existing in the prior art, and the one kind proposed goes out for improving goose seedling
The method of shell rate.
To achieve the goals above, present invention employs following technical solutions:
A method of for improving goose seedling hatching rate, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
Step 1: collecting hatching egg, the egg properly hatched is selected；
Step 2: washing egg, cleaning solution is configured, hatching egg is cleaned under the conditions of 35 DEG C -38 DEG C of temperature, removes hatching egg surface
Spot and protective film；
Step 3: fumigation, the pathogenic microorganism on hatching egg surface is killed using fumigating method using formaldehyde gas；
Step 4: cooling egg, dries the hatching egg after disinfection；
Step 5: hatching, the hatching egg after drying is put into hatch machine and is hatched；
Step 6: emergence.
Preferably, egg is washed using following methods in the step 2:
S1, configuration thimerosal, sodium hypochlorite are added in clear water, and adjusting concentration is 0.1%-0.15%；
S2, hatching egg is preheated, makes 20 DEG C -25 DEG C of temperature of hatching egg；
S3, the hatching egg after preheating is added in cleaning solution, keeping cleaning solution temperature is 35 DEG C -38 DEG C；
S4, hatching egg is cleaned, guarantees that the surface of hatching egg can be cleaned to completely when cleaning, does not stay dead angle, scavenging period
For 20min-28min；
Hatching egg after S5, cleaning is rinsed primary in the clear water for being 35 DEG C -38 DEG C by temperature；
After the completion of S6, hatching egg cleaning, dry wait incubate.
Preferably, the thimerosal is disposable.
Preferably, fumigation uses following methods in the step 3:
S1, the hatching egg after drying is put into closed disinfection room；
S2, the temperature for adjusting disinfection room are 18 DEG C -30 DEG C, humidity 60%-90%；
S3, in disinfection room by formalin reacted with potassium permanganate generation formaldehyde gas；
S4, continue fumigation 4-7 hours.
Preferably, when the indoor temperature of disinfection is more than or equal to 26 DEG C, humidity is more than or equal to 80%.
Preferably, the formaldehyde gas is made of following methods:
Water first is added in ceramics or enamelled vessel, then potassium permanganate is added in addition, it is stirring evenly and then adding into formalin,
The ratio between middle formalin ml and potassium permanganate grams are (1.8-2.2): the volume ratio of (0.8-1.2), formalin and water
For (1.9-2.1): (0.9-1.1).
Preferably, the ratio between the formalin ml and potassium permanganate grams are 2:1, the volume ratio of formalin and water
For 2:1.
Preferably, the formalin ml, potassium permanganate grams and water proportion are as follows: 30 milliliters of formalin/vertical
15 milli liter/m of square rice, 15 gram/cubic metre of potassium permanganate and ordinary water.
The present invention has the advantages that method provided by the present invention first cleans goose egg before sterilizing to hatching egg,
Egg process removing hatching egg outer layer protection mucous membrane is washed increased, then carries out disinfection to hatching egg, can thoroughly kill cause of disease
Microorganism reduces disease vertical transmission, so that hatching egg can satisfy goose egg to oxygen absorption, hatching rate reaches 95% in hatching
More than, defect rate greatly reduces compared with prior art, and the survival rate of goose seedling improves 2% after hatching, is made often by this method
Manually cool every month egg time at least reduces 8 hours to platform incubation equipment, while making every incubation equipment monthly using electricity wisely is extremely
It is 40 degree few.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
For goose as oviparous animal, embryonic development includes the following two stage:
One, embryo is in egg type at development in the process
Fallopian tubal is shedded into from ovary after egg maturation, in the flare after fertilization of fallopian tubal, the early stage for starting embryo is raw
Long development, since temperature matters, fertilized eggs start cell division in isthmus in fallopian tubal, by the spilting of an egg through blastula stage, it is known that primitive gut
Phase forms ectoderm and entoderm, and when fertile egg output is external, since outside air temperature is lower, embryo is temporarily in suspend mode shape
State, development stop, it is clear that embryo is shorter at development time in the process in egg type, and development is only preliminary.
Two, the embryonic development in the incubation period
Under suitable incubation condition, the basic embryo for stopping development germinating again.Until developing into young goose and going out shell when
Between cry the incubation period, incubation period of goose egg is 31 days, and in hatching process, embryo relies primarily on embryophoric membrane and absorbs nutrients in egg
Matter, and by embryophoric membrane, the stomata and extraneous progress gas exchanges of gas chamber and eggshell complete its hair by continuous metabolism
Educate process.Development of the goose embryo in incubator is roughly divided into 4 stages: 1, internal's stage of development hatch in goose egg
1-6 days, mesoderm is quickly formed between present entoderm and ectoderm, hereafter forms various tissues and organ by this 3 germinal layers,
Ectoderm forms skin and feather, mouth, toe, eye, ear, nervous system and oral cavity and the epithelium of cloaca etc., and entoderm is formed
Epithelium and endocrinal glands of respiratory apparatus etc. are congratulated in digestion, and mesoderm forms muscle, reproductive system, excretory organs.Circulation
System connective tissue etc..2, hatch in goose egg the 7-8th day of outward sense's formation stages, the elongation of embryo's neck, the wing, mouth is obvious,
Four limbs are formed, healing abdominal region, and whole body covers villous, and scale occurs in toe.3, goose embryo is grown into the stage the 19th-of hatching
29 days, since albumen is all absorbed and used, embryo gradually grew up, and Pulmonary Vascular is formed, allantois and amnion atrophy, yolk bag sucking
Abdominal cavity, breathing switchs to pulmonary respiration, and occurs chiseling shell.4, go out the 30-31st day of shell stage goose hatching, young goose pips one after another.
The goose egg influence of temperature and humidity to hatching rate in hatching is most important, below with reference to temperature and humidity to hatching
Influence, be described in detail:
One, temperature
Temperature is the most important factor of goose embryonic development, and in hatching process, embryonic development is very quick for the variation of temperature
Sense, suitable incubation temperature is the guarantee of goose embryo's normal growth and development, correct to grasp and be to improve to hatch with incubation temperature
The most important condition of rate, it is affected by many factors to temperature scale standard in hatching process, it should flexibly grasp and use in warm range, it is small-sized
During goose kind should be slightly less than to temperature, in large-scale goose, when summer room temperature is higher, incubation temperature should be lower than winter, spring etc., although embryo
Development has certain adaptability to incubation temperature, but is more than the normal development that will affect embryo to warm range, because of goose embryo
To a little higher than or lower than suitable range be sensitive.The growth and development too high or too low for temperature that embryo can all be influenced, or even make
At death, high temperature is relatively narrow to the lethal boundary of embryo, and risk is larger, if embryo egg temperature reaches 42 DEG C, just through 2-3 hours
All death of embryo can be caused, low temperature is wider to the lethal boundary of embryo, and risk is relatively small.
Since the fat content and heat levels of goose egg are than egg, duck's egg is high, so incubation temperature should be than egg, duck's egg
It is low, hatch initial stage, the metabolism of embryo is in the junior stage, and heat production is less, and five Thermoregulation abilities, needs more stable
Promote embryonic development, temperature is excessively high, easily makes heart and blood vessel over fatigue and goes out to stimulate carbohydate metabolism with slightly higher temperature
There are the phenomena of mortality in blood, hatches mid-term, and with the development of embryo, internal heat production is gradually increased, and incubation temperature should be reduced suitably,
Hatch the later period, embryo generates a large amount of body heats, and at this moment can use embryo carries out vendor's stand hatching from temperature, if dropped in hatching front
Low incubation temperature will interfere distributing for body heat, build up harmful metabolite, cause embryonic death, hatching temperature in the incubation period
Spending total requirement is that the front is high and the back is low, and in hatching, the later period prevents that overtemperature, three-dimensional incubator apply Wen Fang frequently with following two
Case:
1, there are 3-4 batches of hatching eggs in the Constant temperature hatch incubation period, make full use of the metabolism of embryo as heat source, to meet not homeomorphism age
Hatching egg can reduce from warm overtemperature the needs of temperature, and can be energy saving, and when taking Constant temperature hatch, the position of the old and new's egg is handed over
Misplaced to set, the extra metabolic heat of egg old in this way is absorbed by new egg, and new egg temperature is relatively low under the conditions of solving same temperature, old egg temperature
Higher contradiction is spent, to improve hatching rate, for air temperature control at 37 DEG C, this is inadequate in hatching egg source in general machine
In the case where the hatching method that generallys use.
2, Hatchability is suitable for used hatching method in the case where the next single abundance of hatching egg, since goose egg is larger, egg
Interior fat content is higher, and behind 14-15 days of hatching, metabolic heat rises very fast temperature in following adjustment hatch machine, can go out
Local overheating in existing machine and cause embryonic death, the case where when Hatchability according to the development of not homeomorphism instar embryo, it is suitable to take
Incubation temperature, hatching the 1-2 days temperature is 38-38.2 DEG C, the 3-7 days 37.8-38 DEG C, the 8-27 days 37.5-37.8 DEG C,
The 28-30 days are 37.2 DEG C, are transferred within 28 days hatching box hatching later.
Two, humidity
In incubator, humidity is mainly reflected in following several respects to the effect of embryonic development:
1, the evaporation of moisture in egg is adjusted in suitable humidity, and related with fetal material metabolism.
2, suitable humidity can be such that embryo egg is heated evenly.
3, in shell out, humidity makes the calcium carbonate in eggshell become calcium bicarbonate, and eggshell becomes fragile, and is conducive to young goose and pecks shell, breaks
Shell.
In order to improve goose seedling hatching rate, a kind of method for improving goose seedling hatching rate provided by the invention, including it is following
Step:
Step 1: collecting hatching egg, the egg properly hatched is selected.
Step 2: washing egg, egg is washed using following methods:
S1, configuration thimerosal, sodium hypochlorite are added in clear water, and adjusting concentration is 0. 1%, 0. 11%, 0. 12%, 0.
13%, 0. 14% and 0. 15%, this programme is preferably 0. 13%.
S2, hatching egg is preheated, hatching egg is put into the water of 20 DEG C, 21 DEG C, 22 DEG C, 23 DEG C, 24 DEG C and 25 DEG C constant temperature, we
Case is preferably 22 DEG C.Hatching egg is preheated 15min, so that the temperature of hatching egg is 22 DEG C, is taken out after preheating and passes through blower for hatching egg table
The water in face dries up, and the wind of blower blowout used is hot wind.
S3, the hatching egg after preheating is added in cleaning solution, keeping cleaning solution temperature is 35 DEG C, 36 DEG C, 37 DEG C and 38 DEG C,
This programme is preferably 36 DEG C, and when cleaning hatching egg, thimerosal can only be disposable, after having cleaned a collection of hatching egg, with what is renewed
Cleaning solution cleans lower batch of hatching egg, before being replaced and cleaned liquid, needs to clean 3 times the container for cleaning hatching egg using clear water.
S4, hatching egg is cleaned, when cleaning constantly overturns hatching egg, guarantees that the surface of hatching egg can be cleaned completely
It arrives, does not stay dead angle, scavenging period 22min, 23min, 25min, 27min, this programme is preferably 25min.
Hatching egg after S5, cleaning is rinsed once in the clear water for being 30 DEG C by temperature, the cleaning solution on hatching egg surface is rushed dry
Only.
After the completion of S6, hatching egg cleaning, dry wait incubate.
The spot and protective film on its surface of hatching egg after cleaning are sufficiently removed.
Step 3: fumigation, this programme carries out disinfection to hatching egg using formaldehyde gas, and formaldehyde gas disinfection is that pouity dwelling place is normal
With with a kind of effective sterilization method, great advantage is that fumigating gas can be uniformly distributed in each corner, and disinfection is comprehensively thorough
Bottom save trouble and labor, the disinfection especially suitable for air pollution in pouity dwelling place.Due to formaldehyde can make bacterium protein denaturation solidification and it is molten
Thallus lipoid is solved, bacterial propagule in body surface and air, fungi and virus under brood cell can be killed, in order to sufficiently send out
Wave the effect of fumigation, it is ensured that Disinfection Effect, therefore the pathogenic microorganism through hatching egg surface can be killed after a certain period of time.
Fumigation uses following methods:
S1, the hatching egg after drying is put into closed disinfection room.Since content of formaldehyde gas is higher, Disinfection Effect is better, is
Prevent gas from escaping disinfection room, before disinfection room fumigation, it is ensured that the airtightness of pouity dwelling place prevents gas leakage.
S2, the temperature and humidity for adjusting disinfection room, when sterilizing indoor temperature more than or equal to 26 DEG C, humidity is greater than etc.
In 80%, the temperature of this programme disinfection room is 20 DEG C, humidity 70%.
S3, in disinfection room by formalin reacted with potassium permanganate generation formaldehyde gas.The formaldehyde gas uses
Following methods are made: water first are added in ceramics or enamelled vessel, then potassium permanganate is added in addition, is stirring evenly and then adding into good fortune
Your Malin, the ratio between the formalin ml and potassium permanganate grams are 2:1, this programme formalin 30 in the least liter/m,
15 milli liter/m of 15 gram/cubic metre of potassium permanganate and ordinary water.
When operation, first water is poured into ceramic vessel, potassium permanganate is then added, is stirred evenly, formalin is added,
People leaves, closed pouity dwelling place.It should be as close as possible to door, so that operator can withdraw rapidly, operator for stifling container
It avoids formaldehyde and skin contact, is empty house when disinfection.Formaldehyde odor is denseer in disinfection room after disinfection, irritant, therefore,
Pouity dwelling place door and window is opened after the completion of disinfection, ventilation 2 days or more, is reused after waiting the complete loss of formaldehyde gas.If you need to continuously give birth to
Produce, in ammonia and formaldehyde, spatially with 5 gram/cubic metre of ammonium chloride, 10 gram/cubic metre of quick lime, 75 DEG C of 10 milliliters of hot water/
Cubic meter, is put into container after mixing, can release ammonia, disinfection room door and window is opened after 30 minutes, ventilation is after sixty minutes.
S4, continue fumigation 6 hours.
Step 4: cooling egg, dries the hatching egg after disinfection.
Step 5: hatching, the hatching egg after drying is put into hatch machine and is hatched, hatch machine uses the prior art.
Step 6: emergence.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method for improving goose seedling hatching rate, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
Step 1: collecting hatching egg, the egg properly hatched is selected；
Step 2: washing egg, cleaning solution is configured, hatching egg is cleaned under the conditions of 35 DEG C -38 DEG C of temperature, removes hatching egg surface
Spot and protective film；
Step 3: fumigation, the pathogenic microorganism on hatching egg surface is killed using fumigating method using formaldehyde gas；
Step 4: cooling egg, dries the hatching egg after disinfection；
Step 5: hatching, the hatching egg after drying is put into hatch machine and is hatched；
Step 6: emergence.
2. a kind of method for improving goose seedling hatching rate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 2
Wash egg using following methods:
S1, configuration thimerosal, sodium hypochlorite are added in clear water, and adjusting concentration is 0.1%-0.15%；
S2, hatching egg is preheated, makes 20 DEG C -25 DEG C of temperature of hatching egg；
S3, the hatching egg after preheating is added in cleaning solution, keeping cleaning solution temperature is 35 DEG C -38 DEG C；
S4, hatching egg is cleaned, guarantees that the surface of hatching egg can be cleaned to completely when cleaning, does not stay dead angle, scavenging period
For 20min-28min；
Hatching egg after S5, cleaning is rinsed primary in the clear water for being 35 DEG C -38 DEG C by temperature；
After the completion of S6, hatching egg cleaning, dry wait incubate.
3. a kind of method for improving goose seedling hatching rate according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the thimerosal is
It is disposable.
4. a kind of method for improving goose seedling hatching rate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 3
Fumigation uses following methods:
S1, the hatching egg after drying is put into closed disinfection room；
S2, the temperature for adjusting disinfection room are 18 DEG C -30 DEG C, humidity 60%-90%；
S3, in disinfection room by formalin reacted with potassium permanganate generation formaldehyde gas；
S4, continue fumigation 4-7 hours.
5. a kind of method for improving goose seedling hatching rate according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: in the disinfection room
Temperature be more than or equal to 26 DEG C when, humidity be more than or equal to 80%.
6. a kind of method for improving goose seedling hatching rate according to claim 1 or 4, which is characterized in that the formaldehyde
Gas is made of following methods:
Water first is added in ceramics or enamelled vessel, then potassium permanganate is added in addition, it is stirring evenly and then adding into formalin,
The ratio between middle formalin ml and potassium permanganate grams are (1.8-2.2): the volume ratio of (0.8-1.2), formalin and water
For (1.9-2.1): (0.9-1.1).
7. a kind of method for improving goose seedling hatching rate according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the formalin
It ml is 2:1 with the ratio between potassium permanganate grams, the volume ratio of formalin and water is 2:1.
8. a kind of method for improving goose seedling hatching rate according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the formalin
Ml, the proportion of potassium permanganate grams and water are as follows: 30 milli liter/m of formalin, 15 gram/cubic metre of potassium permanganate and often
15 milli liter/m of water.
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| CN201810697860.3A CN109042495A (en) | 2018-06-29 | 2018-06-29 | A method of for improving goose seedling hatching rate |
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| CN201810697860.3A CN109042495A (en) | 2018-06-29 | 2018-06-29 | A method of for improving goose seedling hatching rate |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114946754A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-08-30 | 江苏农牧科技职业学院 | Method for improving hatching efficiency of goose eggs |
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2018
- 2018-06-29 CN CN201810697860.3A patent/CN109042495A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114946754A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-08-30 | 江苏农牧科技职业学院 | Method for improving hatching efficiency of goose eggs |
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Application publication date: 20181221 |