CN109041985A - A kind of anti-spiral shell system and method that goes out of continent beach ecological disturbance - Google Patents
A kind of anti-spiral shell system and method that goes out of continent beach ecological disturbance Download PDFInfo
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- CN109041985A CN109041985A CN201810716596.3A CN201810716596A CN109041985A CN 109041985 A CN109041985 A CN 109041985A CN 201810716596 A CN201810716596 A CN 201810716596A CN 109041985 A CN109041985 A CN 109041985A
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- isolating trenches
- spiral shell
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M25/00—Devices for dispensing poison for animals
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B1/00—Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of continent beach ecological disturbance the anti-spiral shell system and method that goes out, and a plurality of isolating trenches are arranged according to river and lake SEA LEVEL VARIATION, and high density is arranged between isolating trenches and presses down spiral shell plant regional.Two isolating trenches can be set according to wet season and dry season water level；The region of SEA LEVEL VARIATION complexity can be arranged as the case may be three or more isolating trenches, for example the quantity of isolating trenches can be set according to the water-head between wet season water level and dry season water level, isolating trenches quantity is directly proportional to water-head, the quantity of isolating trenches can also be set according to marshland, and isolating trenches quantity is directly proportional to area；Isolating trenches, which are provided with, blocks spiral shell net.A kind of spiral shell system and method that goes out that spiral shell effect is good, effect on environment is small that goes out can be obtained in technical solution through the invention, have the characteristics that have a wide range of application, administer that oncomelania area is big, anti-spiral shell effect of going out is good, is suitble to promote and apply in Oncomelania Snails regions such as the continent beaches of rivers and lakes, dykes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to water conservancy prevention and cure of schistosomiasis technical field, the anti-spiral shell system and method that goes out of specifically a kind of continent beach ecological disturbance.
Background technique
Snail fever is a kind of parasitic disease, it is seriously endangered by leading to personal morbidity in blood fluke parasitism human body
Health, and once infect, it is difficult to eradicate.Japanese oncomelania is the unique vector of blood fluke, and killing oncomelania is prevention and treatment blood fluke
The most effectual way of disease.
Oncomelania belongs to amphibious Freshwater Snails, can be divided into lake type, network of rivers type and hilly endemic area according to environmental form.Nail
Spiral shell likes to move in the depth of water no more than 0.5m, and the permanent flooding time is no more than 8 months, Duo Caozhou of the Continuous Drought no more than 6 months
Beach area.Lake type is main type, and Endemic Area, which has spiral surface product to account for the whole nation, has the 96.52% of oncomelania area in fact, epidemic-stricken area epidemic disease
Feelings are also the most serious, such as Poyang Lake, Dongting Lake, the fertile depression Cao Zhou of some bulks in Hongchehu Lake and the Changjiang river two sides, careless beach
Band, these depression, Cao Zhou, Cao Tan when annual flood rise, form a vast expanse of water, myriad surges, and flood, which extends, is covered with place,
Namely oncomelania distribution place, the Oncomelania Snails that are highly advantageous to breeding.
China, which mainly removes spiral shell method, at present snail control with drugs method, block method, snail sedimentation tank technology law, middle layer water withdrawal method and canal
Road hardening process.But these methods spiral shell effect of going out is not obvious enough, all has a certain impact to ecological environment, and in the Yangtze river basin, Po
The lake region of the wide scopes such as the Yanghu Lake and Dongting Lake, complete killing oncomelania, there are bigger difficulty.It goes out the exploitations of spiral shell plant resources
It is content important in microbe snail-killing work with utilization.Effective component in appliable plant carries out the research of killing oncomelania, not only
China is utilized to go out the advantages of spiral shell plant resources, and effectively alleviates pollution of the chemical snail killing agent to environment, has wide
Wealthy application prospect.The remote diffusion of oncomelania is mainly carried out by water flow.Water flow conveys oncomelania, and there are mainly three types of modes, i.e.,
It is suspended in water surface conveying, water-bed passage and water.Water surface conveying oncomelania can be divided into two kinds of situations: one is to be attached to deadwood residual for oncomelania
On the floaters such as leaf, drift about in the water；The second is just hatching young spiral shell, the water surface is suspended in water by itself specific function is projecting
It drifts about.Due to by flow action moving movement occurs for water-bed oncomelania.According to laboratory and field observation, when flow rate of water flow is more than
Moving movement occurs for 0.60m/s, the oncomelania being adsorbed on bed surface.When water velocity is larger, oncomelania is as lived pine
Group's particles populations are dissipated, there is the characteristic with the defeated shifting of water flow, this has similar characteristic with river load conveying.The weight of movable snail
Rate is in 1.80g/cm3 or so, but 1-3 weeks young spiral shell severe is influenced with environment and changed, and is less than 0.5m/s in static or flow velocity
When, it can freely be suspended in the surface in waters；Under conditions of water temperature is higher than 15 DEG C, they can open operculum, under the water surface 1-
Slowly travelling at 10cm；If sturting (such as flow velocity increases or reduces suddenly), operculum is closed immediately, severe increases, to underwater settling
Drop.Oncomelania crawling exercises is one of most common motion mode in its vital movement such as look for food, mate, laying eggs, escaping, migrating,
But its creep speed is slow, and data observation, range of creeping for oncomelania 1 year is no more than 20m, and can only be in warm, moist, sunlight
It is not easy to creep on the muddy ground or meadow of direct irradiation, is bad at vertical crawling.CN1673462A discloses a kind of culverts and water gates and channel
Water delivery engineering snail-killing method and snail sedimentation tank, by setting snail sedimentation tank come from water body various field trashes, on belongings effectively
Oncomelania is separated and shuts off to get off by ground, but this method workload is big, and is not suitable for Insular area, this kind of land area the Liao Dynasty
Wealthy, with river level seasonal movement, dry season and wet season water level difference are big, and spiral shell effect of going out in this way is unobvious.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention proposes a kind of utilization environmental quality and oncomelania behavioral trait, growth conditions, go out spiral shell
The spiral shell system and method that goes out that effect is good, effect on environment is small.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The present invention provides a kind of continent beach ecological disturbance anti-spiral shell system of going out, and system includes: in the region Zhou Tan, according to river and lake water level
The a plurality of isolating trenches for changing setting, the high density suppression spiral shell plant regional being arranged between isolating trenches.
Two isolating trenches are preferably included, first isolating trenches is arranged according to dry season water level, and Article 2 isolating trenches are according to rich
The setting of water phase water level.First isolating trenches forms first of oncomelania buffer belt, and oncomelania can be effectively prevented and spread to shallow water area；
Press down spiral shell floral region and constitutes second oncomelania buffer belt；Article 2 isolating trenches form third road oncomelania buffer belt, can be effectively prevented
Oncomelania is spread to bank.
It can as the case may be include three or more isolating trenches for the region of SEA LEVEL VARIATION complexity, such as can root
The quantity of isolating trenches is set according to the water-head between wet season water level and dry season water level, and isolating trenches quantity and water-head are at just
Than that the quantity of isolating trenches can also be arranged according to marshland, isolating trenches quantity is directly proportional to area.
Pressing down spiral shell plant can be motherwort, Chinese milk vetch, rape, poplar, close hair pale persicaria etc..
The size of isolating trenches can be arranged according to local hydrologic condition and landform, such as depth 50-100cm, wide 30-50cm.
It is provided with above isolating trenches and blocks spiral shell net, block the setting of spiral shell net among the isolating trenches on longitudinal direction, it is frightened using oncomelania
The characteristics of sedimentation, from water body various field trashes, effectively oncomelania is separated and shuts off to get off on belongings.
The height for blocking spiral shell net can be designed according to local water level difference in change, can be 20-60cm, preferably 30cm.
It is preferred that blocking spiral shell net is drift net, the variation of water level is followed to swim on the water surface by floating ball.Spiral shell is blocked by floating
The design of net, when the wet season, the first isolating trenches can largely intercept oncomelania, effectively reduce the Insular area for spreading to shallow water area
Oncomelania.
It is preferred that snail killing agent automatic release device is provided in isolating trenches, for periodically launching molluscacide every three months
Object launches primary, the drug choosing in the March of spring oncomelania oviposition as the dispensing frequency during May, is increased every other month
With the galenical of environmental sound.
Galenical is plant such as manioca, Chinese ash, oleander, yellow ginger, sheep hoof, the shield leaf potato with snail killing function
Extracts or the infusions such as root, stem, the leaf of Chinese yam, standing grain leaf Radix Liriopes and Radde Anemone Rhizome etc., or the methanol of manioca fruit
Extract also can be used various plants molluscacide and be used in combination or combine plant molluscacide with the chemical molluscacide of low concentration
It uses.Galenical can be liquor or pulvis.
It is preferred that launching snail killing agent sustained release agent in isolating trenches.
Being preferably isolated includes snail killing agent sustained release agent in the construction material of ditch.
Sustained release agent is that drug is first made to small particle, is allocated as several parts, wraps the different packet being slowly dissolved of thickness respectively
Clothing.Above-mentioned particle is taken to be mixed in a certain proportion, drug granules various so just persistently play a role as running relay, reach pre-
The effect of phase.Coating material can be high molecular polymer, such as cellulose acetate, ethyl cellulose, methacrylic acid copolymer, gather
Vinyl alcohol etc..Starch, sustained release carbon material can also be used in coating material.
It is preferred that being provided with snail killing agent release position in region between isolating trenches, the settable automatic drug of release position is launched
Device may also set up medicament slow release device.
The present invention provides a kind of continent beach ecological disturbance anti-snail-killing method, and method includes: in the region Zhou Tan, according to river and lake water level
A plurality of isolating trenches are arranged in variation, and plant high density between isolating trenches and press down spiral shell plant.
Two isolating trenches are preferably included, first isolating trenches is arranged according to dry season water level, and Article 2 isolating trenches are according to rich
The setting of water phase water level.First isolating trenches forms first of oncomelania buffer belt, and dry season can be effectively prevented oncomelania and creep up；
Press down spiral shell floral region and constitutes second oncomelania buffer belt；Article 2 isolating trenches form third road oncomelania buffer belt, and the wet season can have
Effect prevents oncomelania from spreading to bank.
It can as the case may be include three or more isolating trenches for the region of SEA LEVEL VARIATION complexity, such as can root
The quantity of isolating trenches is set according to the difference in height between wet season water level and dry season water level, and isolating trenches quantity and difference in height are at just
Than.
The size of isolating trenches can be arranged according to local hydrologic condition and landform, such as depth 50-100cm, wide 30-50cm.
It is provided with above isolating trenches and blocks spiral shell net, spiral shell net is blocked on longitudinal direction and is arranged among isolating trenches, it is frightened using oncomelania
The characteristics of sedimentation, from water body various field trashes, effectively oncomelania is separated and shuts off to get off on belongings.
The height for blocking spiral shell net can be designed according to local water level difference in change, can be 20-60cm, preferably 30cm.
It is preferred that blocking spiral shell net is drift net, the variation of water level is followed to swim on the water surface by floating ball.Spiral shell is blocked by floating
The design of net, when the wet season, the first isolating trenches can largely intercept oncomelania, effectively reduce the Insular area for spreading to shallow water area
Oncomelania.
It is preferred that snail killing agent automatic release device is arranged in isolating trenches, for periodically launching molluscacide every three months
Object launches primary, the drug choosing in the March of spring oncomelania oviposition as the dispensing frequency during May, is increased every other month
With the galenical of environmental sound.
Galenical is plant such as manioca, Chinese ash, oleander, yellow ginger, sheep hoof, the shield leaf potato with snail killing function
Extracts or the infusions such as root, stem, the leaf of Chinese yam, standing grain leaf Radix Liriopes and Radde Anemone Rhizome etc., or the methanol of manioca fruit
Extract also can be used various plants molluscacide and be used in combination or combine plant molluscacide with the chemical molluscacide of low concentration
It uses.Galenical can be liquor or pulvis.
It is preferred that launching snail killing agent sustained release agent in isolating trenches.
Being preferably isolated includes snail killing agent sustained release agent in the construction material of ditch.
Sustained release agent is that drug is first made to small particle, is allocated as several parts, wraps the different packet being slowly dissolved of thickness respectively
Clothing.Above-mentioned particle is taken to be mixed in a certain proportion, drug granules various so just persistently play a role as running relay, reach pre-
The effect of phase.Coating material can be high molecular polymer, such as cellulose acetate, ethyl cellulose, methacrylic acid copolymer, gather
Vinyl alcohol etc..Starch, sustained release carbon material can also be used in coating material.
It is preferred that snail killing agent release position is arranged in region between isolating trenches, the settable automatic drug of release position launches dress
It sets, may also set up medicament slow release device.
It is easy to recur and the shortcomings that there are environmental pollutions the present invention overcomes existing snail-killing method, have and has a wide range of application, controls
The features such as reason oncomelania area is big, anti-spiral shell effect of going out is good is suitble to promote in Oncomelania Snails regions such as the continent beaches of rivers and lakes, dykes and answer
With.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the anti-spiral shell system of going out of continent beach of the present invention ecological disturbance.
Fig. 2 is isolating trenches structural schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification, the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of continent beach ecological disturbance anti-spiral shell system of going out, system includes: in the region Zhou Tan, root
River and lake SEA LEVEL VARIATION is provided with three isolating trenches 4, suppression spiral shell plant regional 2 is provided between isolating trenches 4.First isolating trenches
It is arranged according to dry season water level 3, Article 3 isolating trenches are arranged according to wet season water level 1, and Article 2 isolating trenches are arranged first and third
Position among isolating trenches.
Isolating trenches 4 are sized to deep 50cm, wide 30cm.
Be provided with above isolating trenches 4 and block spiral shell net 5, block the setting of spiral shell net 5 among the isolating trenches on longitudinal direction, using oncomelania by
The characteristics of frightened sedimentation, from water body various field trashes, effectively oncomelania is separated and shuts off to get off on belongings.
The height for blocking spiral shell net 5 is 20cm.Blocking spiral shell net 5 is drift net, is swum on the water surface, when the wet season, first every
Oncomelania can be largely intercepted from ditch, effectively reduces the oncomelania for spreading to the Insular area of shallow water area.
Press down spiral shell floral region interval plantation motherwort, Chinese milk vetch, rape, poplar etc..
Alternative embodiment is that snail killing agent automatic release device 6 is provided in isolating trenches 4, for regular every three months
Snail killing agent is launched, in the March of spring oncomelania oviposition as the dispensing frequency during May, is increased, dispensing is primary every other month,
The galenical of the choice of drug environmental sound.
Galenical is plant such as manioca, Chinese ash, oleander, yellow ginger, sheep hoof, the shield leaf potato with snail killing function
Extracts or the infusions such as root, stem, the leaf of Chinese yam, standing grain leaf Radix Liriopes and Radde Anemone Rhizome etc., or the methanol of manioca fruit
Extract also can be used various plants molluscacide and be used in combination or combine plant molluscacide with the chemical molluscacide of low concentration
It uses.Galenical can be liquor or pulvis.
Alternative embodiment is that snail killing agent sustained release agent is launched in isolating trenches.
Sustained release agent is that drug is first made to small particle, is allocated as several parts, wraps the different packet being slowly dissolved of thickness respectively
Clothing.Above-mentioned particle is taken to be mixed in a certain proportion, drug granules various so just persistently play a role as running relay, reach pre-
The effect of phase.Coating material can be high molecular polymer, such as cellulose acetate, ethyl cellulose, methacrylic acid copolymer, gather
Vinyl alcohol etc..Starch, sustained release carbon material can also be used in coating material.
Alternative embodiment is in the construction material of isolating trenches including snail killing agent sustained release agent.
For alternative embodiment for snail killing agent release position is arranged in the region between isolating trenches 4, release position is settable automatic
Drug delivery device 6 may also set up medicament slow release device.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention further provides a kind of anti-snail-killing method of continent beach ecological disturbance applied to above system,
Method includes: that river and lake SEA LEVEL VARIATION is provided with three isolating trenches 4, suppression spiral shell is provided between isolating trenches 4 in the region Zhou Tan
Plant regional 2.First isolating trenches is arranged according to dry season water level 3, and Article 3 isolating trenches are arranged according to wet season water level 1, the
The position among first and third isolating trenches is arranged in two isolating trenches.
Isolating trenches 4 are sized to deep 50cm, wide 30cm.
Be provided with above isolating trenches 4 and block spiral shell net 5, blocked on longitudinal direction spiral shell net 5 be arranged among isolating trenches, using oncomelania by
The characteristics of frightened sedimentation, from water body various field trashes, effectively oncomelania is separated and shuts off to get off on belongings.
The height for blocking spiral shell net 5 is 20cm.Blocking spiral shell net 5 is drift net, is swum on the water surface.
Press down spiral shell floral region interval plantation motherwort, Chinese milk vetch, rape, poplar etc..
Alternative embodiment is that snail killing agent automatic release device 6 is arranged in isolating trenches 4, for periodically launching drug, is used
In periodically launching snail killing agent every three months, in the March that spring oncomelania is laid eggs as during May, increases and launch the frequency, every
Launch within one month primary, the galenical of the choice of drug environmental sound.
Galenical is plant such as manioca, Chinese ash, oleander, yellow ginger, sheep hoof, the shield leaf potato with snail killing function
Extracts or the infusions such as root, stem, the leaf of Chinese yam, standing grain leaf Radix Liriopes and Radde Anemone Rhizome etc., or the methanol of manioca fruit
Extract also can be used various plants molluscacide and be used in combination or combine plant molluscacide with the chemical molluscacide of low concentration
It uses.Galenical can be liquor or pulvis.
Alternative embodiment is that snail killing agent sustained release agent is launched in isolating trenches 4.
Sustained release agent is that drug is first made to small particle, is allocated as several parts, wraps the different packet being slowly dissolved of thickness respectively
Clothing.Above-mentioned particle is taken to be mixed in a certain proportion, drug granules various so just persistently play a role as running relay, reach pre-
The effect of phase.Coating material can be high molecular polymer, such as cellulose acetate, ethyl cellulose, methacrylic acid copolymer, gather
Vinyl alcohol etc..Starch, sustained release carbon material can also be used in coating material.
Alternative embodiment is in the construction material of isolating trenches 4 including snail killing agent sustained release agent.
For alternative embodiment for snail killing agent release position is arranged in the region between isolating trenches 4, release position is settable automatic
Drug delivery device 6 may also set up medicament slow release device.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Belong to those skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of, all answers
It is included within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope in claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of anti-spiral shell system of going out of continent beach ecological disturbance, which is characterized in that the system comprises: in the region Zhou Tan, according to river and lake
The a plurality of isolating trenches of SEA LEVEL VARIATION setting, the high density suppression spiral shell plant regional being arranged between isolating trenches.
2. the anti-spiral shell system of going out of continent beach according to claim 1 ecological disturbance, which is characterized in that including two isolating trenches, the
One isolating trenches is arranged according to dry season water level, and Article 2 isolating trenches are arranged according to wet season water level.
3. the anti-spiral shell system of going out of continent beach according to claim 1 ecological disturbance, which is characterized in that including three or more isolation
Ditch, the size of isolating trenches are depth 50-100cm, wide 30-50cm.
4. the anti-spiral shell system of going out of continent beach according to claim 1 ecological disturbance, which is characterized in that be provided with and go out in isolating trenches
Spiral shell drug automatic release device.
5. the anti-spiral shell system of going out of continent beach according to claim 1 ecological disturbance, which is characterized in that the Building wood of the isolating trenches
It include snail killing agent sustained release agent in material.
6. the anti-spiral shell system of going out of continent beach according to claim 1 ecological disturbance, which is characterized in that be arranged on the isolating trenches
Spiral shell net is blocked, the height for blocking spiral shell net is 20-60cm.
7. the anti-spiral shell system of going out of continent beach according to claim 6 ecological disturbance, which is characterized in that the spiral shell net that blocks is floating
Net.
8. a kind of anti-snail-killing method of continent beach ecological disturbance, which is characterized in that in the region Zhou Tan, be arranged according to river and lake SEA LEVEL VARIATION more
Isolating trenches, and plant high density between isolating trenches and press down spiral shell plant.
9. the anti-snail-killing method of continent beach according to claim 8 ecological disturbance, which is characterized in that two isolating trenches of setting, the
One isolating trenches is arranged according to dry season water level, and Article 2 isolating trenches are arranged according to wet season water level.
10. the anti-snail-killing method of continent beach according to claim 8 ecological disturbance, which is characterized in that isolating trenches be arranged three with
On, the size of isolating trenches is depth 50-100cm, wide 30-50cm.
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