CN1090409A - 用于电子标记物体的方法和电路装置 - Google Patents

用于电子标记物体的方法和电路装置 Download PDF

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CN1090409A
CN1090409A CN93121323A CN93121323A CN1090409A CN 1090409 A CN1090409 A CN 1090409A CN 93121323 A CN93121323 A CN 93121323A CN 93121323 A CN93121323 A CN 93121323A CN 1090409 A CN1090409 A CN 1090409A
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disconnected
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H·K·穆查
G·穆罗辛斯基
K·穆思
J·戈贝尔
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ADC GmbH
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Krone GmbH
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    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/2208—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems
    • H01Q1/2216—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems used in interrogator/reader equipment
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    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/0672—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with resonating marks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/08—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by means detecting the change of an electrostatic or magnetic field, e.g. by detecting change of capacitance between electrodes
    • G06K7/082—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by means detecting the change of an electrostatic or magnetic field, e.g. by detecting change of capacitance between electrodes using inductive or magnetic sensors
    • G06K7/083—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by means detecting the change of an electrostatic or magnetic field, e.g. by detecting change of capacitance between electrodes using inductive or magnetic sensors inductive
    • G06K7/086—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by means detecting the change of an electrostatic or magnetic field, e.g. by detecting change of capacitance between electrodes using inductive or magnetic sensors inductive sensing passive circuit, e.g. resonant circuit transponders
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
    • G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
    • G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
    • G08B13/2405—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used
    • G08B13/2414—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used using inductive tags
    • G08B13/2417—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used using inductive tags having a radio frequency identification chip
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
    • G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
    • G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
    • G08B13/2405—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used
    • G08B13/2414—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used using inductive tags
    • G08B13/242—Tag deactivation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
    • G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
    • G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
    • G08B13/2428—Tag details
    • G08B13/2431—Tag circuit details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
    • G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
    • G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
    • G08B13/2428—Tag details
    • G08B13/2437—Tag layered structure, processes for making layered tags
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    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/2208—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems
    • H01Q1/2225—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems used in active tags, i.e. provided with its own power source or in passive tags, i.e. deriving power from RF signal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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Abstract

一种利用电磁场对带有无源谐振器的物品进行 电子标识的方法和实施该方法的电路装置，用以对标 识物进行非接触式编码，使之在技术处理过程中得到 广泛应用。该方法和装置利用n个各具有分配的检 测频率和燃断频率的可接入谐振器组成阵列，并利用 接入具有n个频率中j个的电磁场使n个谐振器能 有目的地达到非接触式编码。

Description

本发明是关于权利要求1前叙部分所述的用于电子标记物体的方法和实行该方法的电路装置。
在商店里用来监视货物移动情况的标记物体运动的电子装置早已公知了。这些装置固定在货物上，当带标记的货物通过商店的入/出口时，产生音频信号的输出。
在美国专利US-4，920335中建议一种电子物品监视装置，该装置包含一个平面微波谐振器，该谐振器（并联谐振回路）装在要标记的物品上，带有固定频率的电磁波检测出谐振电流的分配，这样把标识的物品和没有标识的物品区分开来，另一个频率即燃断频率（Burn-out    Freguency）的第二个电磁波通过中断谐振线的线路而使谐振电路不能起作用，以此电气地断开该标识的谐振特性。该标记仍然保留在物品上。
这种解决办法的缺点是，仅能提供一个简单的决定，即该标记是存在或者不存在，通过燃断频率仅能不可逆地断开谐振器，因此极大地限制了所希望的办法的实际应用。
进一步地，DE3023446C2，DE-OS1905，008和US3，752，960均介绍了电子标识物品的方法，其中，为对物品进行编码，使用了大量的谐振器，主要是介绍了检测编码谐振电路的方法和电路装置。该方案要应用发射机、摆频发生器，相位检测器等等。在该方案中，必须接触才能实现编码，即必须要直接拿住物体。使用这些文献中所建议的方法不能实现不接触地对于无源的电路装置进行编码。
在多个工艺过程中，例如，在自动化生产过程中，在货物运输的转运站和在仓库管理中物件的发送和分配，它们的工作流程组织是必要的：
-简单地标识物品而无须改变它们的本身，
-灵活地非接触地对标识物进行编码，而无须直接夹住该物品和没有问题地去掉标识的编码，和
-快速地识别编码，而无须直接接触物品。
公知的装置仅能部分地完成这些要求。因此本发明的任务是实现一个这样的方法和实施该方法的电路装置。该方法通过对标识物进行灵活的不接触的编码，可以实现做出多种决定的可能性和确保它们在技术工艺过程中实现广泛的应用。
权利要求1中的特征部分解决了所提出的任务。
在一个阵列中配置大量的谐振器，可以根据应用状态灵活地对谐振器编码，使用电磁场可以迅速地对带有编码标记的物体进行识别，即在一个检测站测出编码标记对电磁场的反应，与此相关的方法是公知的。
由从属权利要求可以进一步了解本发明的其它优点。
下面借助实施例进一步阐述本发明，相关的附图为：
图1示出了一个用于可接通谐振器的检测谐振器和燃断谐振器的联接示意图，
图2示出图1的几个可接通的谐振器的联接示意图，
图3示出了图1的可接通谐振器的平面示意图，
图4示出了在多层实施情况下图1的可接通谐振器的配置示意图，
图5示出了图1的可接通谐振器上侧面的示意图，
图6示出了图1和图5的可接通谐振器的下侧的示意图，
图7示出了图1、5、6的可接通谐振器的等效电路图。
在图1中示意性地给出了一个可接通的谐振器1，该谐振器是由一具有检测频率fi1的检测谐振器2和一具有燃断频率fi2的燃断谐振器3共同装在一个电路板4上形成的。检测频率fi1和燃断频率fi2代表谐振器2、3的谐振频率。
图1中的n≥2个可接通的谐振器1的联接就构成了图2的用于电气识别物体的一个电路装置，这里i＝1，2，3，……，n代表可接通谐振器1的数目。在图2中示出的几个可接通的谐振器1具有如下的频率：第一个接入的谐振器1具有谐振频率f11，f12，第二个接入的谐振器1具有谐振频率f21，f22和通过n个接入的谐振器1具有谐振频率fn1，fn2。通过分析它对检测频率fi1的电磁场5（图1）的反应以识别任一接入谐振器1的电路状态。对可接通的谐振器1的原始状态施加一个燃断频率fi2的电磁场5，它相对该原始状态引发一个变化，因此该电磁场实现了燃断谐振器3的不可逆的状态变化，并用这样改变检测谐振器2，从而可识别出对频率fi1的有效电磁场5作出的变化反应。
为了对n个可接入的谐振器1（根据图2）的布置进行非接触式编码，使该布置受到具有大量检测频率fi1（其中i＝1，2，3，……，n）组成的频率在1≤j≤n变化的交变的电磁场5的作用。通过所属的燃断谐振器3的状态变化和所属检测谐振器2的变化，j个可接入的谐振器1被转化到另一个可以识别的接通状态，这样根据图2的电路布置可以实现
（n j）＝ (n1)/(j1（n-j）1)
不同的状态变化，从而对变量j的给定值的范围可实现
种编码，j＝o意味着还没有施加电磁场，可接入的谐振器1的布置停留在初始状态。
图3示出了由大量线性式平面的可接入谐振器1装到电路板4上的电路配置，为了对水平面的要求尽可能的小，可使多个可接入的谐振器1至少部分平面重叠地装在一个多层的装置中（图4）。
图5示出了可接入谐振器1的上表面，而图6示出了可接入谐振器的下表面，该谐振电路作为印刷电路装在由介电材料组成的电路板4的上表面。检测谐振器2由一个线圈8和一个电容器组成，该电容器的极板6、7分别装在线路板4的上表面和下表面。在电路板4的位置10上是穿透式连接和这样使在上表面的线圈的端部和下表面的电容内极板7之间建立连接。线圈8和由两块极板6、7组成的电容器由此构成了检测并联谐振电路。进而在电路板4上形成燃断谐振器3，它作为同一平面的入1/2偶极子11，例如是入1/2长的薄导电箔做成的，其中入是电磁波的波长，使用燃断谐振器3来改变它的功能。构成平面的 (入)/2 燃断谐振器3的箔在最大电流负荷处12变得如此之狭窄，在燃断谐振器3的频率的电磁波的激励下在该位置12的箔由于大的电流密度而燃断。通过这种方式，可接入谐振器1在位置10是贯通的，使线圈8短路的桥接线12中断，这由线圈8和电容组成的并联电路作为检测并联谐振电路开始起作用。
在图7中是可接入谐振器1的一个等效电路，其中的电感L对应图5中的线圈8，电容C对应着图5、6中由两极板6、7组成的电容器，由该线圈和电容器组成并联谐振电路，带有一开关元件S。该电路元件S是由在平面的 (入)/2 的燃断谐振器3（图5所示）的中部的燃断位置12处形成的。

Claims (4)

1、使用电磁场对带有无源谐振器的物品进行电子标识的方法，其特征是；由n个各具有分配的检测频率fi1(i=1，2，……，n)的检测谐振器(2)和由n个各具有分配的燃断频率fi2(i=1，2，……，n)的燃断谐振器(3)组成的n个可接入谐振器(1)按阵列排列着，和当接入具有1≤j≤n燃断频率fi2的电磁场时，通过燃断谐振器(3)的状态改变，所述n个检测谐振器(2)实现无接触式编码。
2、根据权利要求1的方法，其技术特征是;该阵列至少由两个可接入谐振器（1）组成，它们的组成部分各自与不同的检测频率fi1相匹配和通过它们所属的燃断谐振器（3）被接入或断开。
3、实现权利要求1和2的方法的电路装置，其技术特性是，在阵列中的这n个可接入的谐振器（1）是平面型和/或以多层布置的。
4、根据权利要求3的电路装置，其技术特征是：阵列中的各个可接入谐振器（1）至少由一个检测谐振器（2）和至少一个燃断谐振器（3）的联接构成。
CN93121323A 1992-11-14 1993-11-13 用于电子标记物体的方法和电路装置 Pending CN1090409A (zh)

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DE4338554A1 (de) 1994-05-19
KR940011297A (ko) 1994-06-20
CZ280995B6 (cs) 1996-05-15

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