CN109039619A - quantum key distribution time bit-Phase decoding method and apparatus and corresponding system - Google Patents
quantum key distribution time bit-Phase decoding method and apparatus and corresponding system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109039619A CN109039619A CN201811264221.4A CN201811264221A CN109039619A CN 109039619 A CN109039619 A CN 109039619A CN 201811264221 A CN201811264221 A CN 201811264221A CN 109039619 A CN109039619 A CN 109039619A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
- H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
- H04L9/0852—Quantum cryptography
- H04L9/0858—Details about key distillation or coding, e.g. reconciliation, error correction, privacy amplification, polarisation coding or phase coding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/70—Photonic quantum communication
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/50—Transmitters
- H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
- H04B10/524—Pulse modulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/50—Transmitters
- H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
- H04B10/532—Polarisation modulation
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- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/50—Transmitters
- H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
- H04B10/548—Phase or frequency modulation
- H04B10/556—Digital modulation, e.g. differential phase shift keying [DPSK] or frequency shift keying [FSK]
- H04B10/5561—Digital phase modulation
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- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
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Abstract
It is proposed the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding method and apparatus and corresponding system of a kind of difference control.This method comprises: being the first via and the second tunnel light pulse by input optical pulse beam splitting；HVDC Modulation phase decoding is carried out to first via light pulse, the decoding of time bit is carried out to the second tunnel light pulse.To first via light pulse carry out HVDC Modulation phase decoding include: by first via light pulse beam splitting be the pulse of two-way sub-light；And in two strip optical paths the pulse of transmitting two paths sub-light and they are made to close beam output after relative time delay respectively, the phase difference through two strip optic paths differs the integral multiple of 2 π during wherein controlling each comfortable beam splitting to conjunction beam of two orthogonal polarisation states of first via light pulse, and carries out direct current phase-modulation at least one of two-way sub-light pulse transmitted in two strip optical paths.Using the present invention, it is able to achieve the immune time bit-phase code quantum key distribution solution of environmental disturbances, high-speed phase modulation is avoided to require.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical transport private communication technology field more particularly to a kind of HVDC Modulation quantum of difference control are close
Key distributes time bit-phase decoding method, apparatus and the quantum key distribution system including the device.
Background technique
Quantum Secure Communication is the forward position focus field that quantum physics are combined with information science.Based on quantum key
Distribution technology and one time cryptosystem principle, quantum secret communication can be in the safe transmissions of overt channel realization information.Quantum is close
Key distribution can be realized based on physical principles such as quantum mechanics Heisenberg uncertainty relationship, quantum non-clone principles in user
Between safely shared key, and can detecte potential eavesdropping behavior, it is contour to can be applied to national defence, government affairs, finance, electric power
The field of security information transmission demand.
Time bit-phase code quantum key distribution uses one group of time base and one group of phase base, and time base uses two
The time mode of a different time position encodes, and phase base is encoded using two phase differences of front and back light pulse.Ground amount
Quantum key distribution is based primarily upon fibre channel transmission, and optical fiber fabrication there are the non-circular symmetrical, fiber core refractive indexs in section radially not
Equal non-idealities are uniformly distributed, and optical fiber is influenced by temperature, strain, bending etc. in the actual environment, can generated random double
Refraction effect.It is influenced by optical fiber random birefringence, when light pulse reaches receiving end after long-distance optical fiber transmits, polarization state
It can occur to change at random.Time base decoding in time bit-phase code is not influenced by polarization state variation, however phase base
When interfering decoding, because of the influence of transmission fiber and decoding interferometer fiber birefringence, there are problems that polarization induction decline, lead
It causes decoding interference unstable, causes the bit error rate to increase, need to increase correcting device, increase system complexity and cost, and right
Stable application is difficult to realize in strong jammings situations such as aerial optical cable, road and bridge optical cables.
Summary of the invention
It is a primary object of the present invention to propose a kind of HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase of difference control
Position coding/decoding method and device, because of polarization when solving phase base decoding in time bit-phase code quantum key distribution application
Phase decoding caused by induction declines interferes unstable problem.
The present invention provides at least following technical scheme:
1. a kind of HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding method of difference control, which is characterized in that
The described method includes:
It is first via light pulse and the second tunnel light pulse by the beam splitting of input optical pulse all the way of incident random polarization state；With
And
According to quantum key distribution agreement, HVDC Modulation phase decoding is carried out to the first via light pulse and to described the
Two tunnel light pulses carry out the decoding of time bit,
Wherein, carrying out HVDC Modulation phase decoding to the first via light pulse includes:
It is the pulse of two-way sub-light by the first via light pulse beam splitting；And
The two-way sub-light pulse is transmitted in two strip optical paths respectively, and relative time delay is made into the two-way sub-light pulse
Beam output is closed afterwards,
Each comfortable beam splitting of two orthogonal polarisation states of the first via light pulse is wherein controlled to closing during beam through institute
The phase difference for stating two strip optic paths differs the integral multiple of 2 π, and wherein, during beam splitting to conjunction beam, to described
At least one of described two-way sub-light pulse transmitted in two strip optical paths carries out direct current phase according to quantum key distribution agreement
Modulation.
2. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding method of difference control according to scheme 1,
It is characterized in that, the two strips optical path includes that there are birefringent for two orthogonal polarisation states of the first via light pulse
With two orthogonal polarisation states for the first via light pulse, there are birefringent in optical path and/or the two strips optical path
Optical device, wherein each comfortable beam splitting of two orthogonal polarisation states of the control first via light pulse is to during closing beam
The integral multiple that phase difference through the two strips optic path differs 2 π includes:
It keeps uploading during each comfortable beam splitting to conjunction beam of the two orthogonal polarisation states in the two strips optical path respectively
Polarization state is constant when defeated；And
Adjustment is there are the length of birefringent optical path and/or there are the birefringent sizes of birefringent optical device, so that this
The phase difference through the two strips optic path differs the whole of 2 π during each comfortable beam splitting to conjunction beam of two orthogonal polarisation states
Several times.
3. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding side of difference control according to scheme 1 or 2
Method, which is characterized in that
Free space optical path is configured by the two strips optical path, configures the optical device of the free space optical road to
Non-birefringent optical device and/or polarization keep optical device；Or
Polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path is configured by the two strips optical path, configures the optical device in the polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path to
Non-birefringent optical device and/or polarization keep optical device.
4. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding method of difference control according to scheme 1,
It is characterized in that, configuring polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher and/or birefringent at least one sub-light road in the two strips optical path
Phase-modulator, wherein adjusting the first via by the polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher and/or the birefringent phase modulator
Each comfortable beam splitting of two orthogonal polarisation states of light pulse to close during beam the phase difference through the two strips optic path it
Difference.
5. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding method of difference control according to scheme 1,
It is characterized in that, at least one of described two-way sub-light pulse transmitted in the two strips optical path according to quantum key point
It includes: to carry out 0 degree of direct current phase-modulation or 180 degree to one of described two-way sub-light pulse that hair agreement, which carries out direct current phase-modulation,
Direct current phase-modulation.
6. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding method of difference control according to scheme 1,
It is characterized in that, including: to second tunnel light pulse progress time bit decoding
Second tunnel light pulse is directly exported and is used to detect；Or
Output after the second tunnel light pulse beam splitting is used to detect.
7. a kind of HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding device of difference control, which is characterized in that
The decoding apparatus includes:
Preposition beam splitter, for by the beam splitting of input optical pulse all the way of incident random polarization state be first via light pulse and
Second tunnel light pulse；And
With the direct current phase decoder of the preposition beam splitter optical coupling, it is used to carry out direct current to the first via light pulse
Phase decoding,
The direct current phase decoder include the first beam splitter, the first bundling device and with the first beam splitter optical coupling
And the two strip optical paths with the first bundling device optical coupling, wherein
First beam splitter is used to the first via light pulse beam splitting be the pulse of two-way sub-light；
The two strips optical path is used to transmit the two-way sub-light pulse respectively, and for realizing the two-way sub-light pulse
Relative time delay；
First bundling device is used to closing the two-way sub-light pulse after relative time delay into beam output,
Wherein in the direct current phase decoder, the two strips optical path and optical device thereon are configured so that described
The mistake of beam is closed in each leisure of two orthogonal polarisation states the first beam splitter beam splitting of first via light pulse to first bundling device
The phase difference of two strip optic paths described in Cheng Zhongjing differs the integral multiple of 2 π,
Wherein the direct current phase decoder has the direct current phase tune being located at least one of described two strips optical path
Device processed, the direct current phase-modulator are used for the light pulse through the sub- optic path where it according to quantum key distribution agreement
Direct current phase-modulation is carried out,
Wherein light pulse output in second tunnel is used to carry out time bit decoding by the preposition beam splitter.
8. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding device of difference control according to scheme 7,
It is characterized in that,
The two strips optical path is free space optical path, and the optical device in the two strips optical path is non-birefringent optical device
And/or polarization keeps optical device；Or
The two strips optical path is polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path, and the optical device in the two strips optical path is that polarization keeps optical device
And/or non-birefringent optical device.
9. the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit of difference control according to scheme 7 or 8-phase decoding dress
It sets, which is characterized in that the direct current phase decoder further include:
The polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher of any sub-light road in the two strips optical path, the polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher
For adjusting the polarization maintaining optical fibre length of the optical path where it；And/or
The birefringent phase modulator of any sub-light road in the two strips optical path, the birefringent phase tune
Device processed is for applying different adjustable phase-modulations to two orthogonal polarisation states of the light pulse by it.
10. the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit of difference control according to scheme 7-phase decoding dress
It sets, which is characterized in that the direct current phase-modulator is to polarize unrelated phase-modulator.
11. the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit of difference control according to scheme 7-phase decoding dress
It sets, which is characterized in that the direct current phase-modulator is used to carry out 0 degree of direct current phase-modulation or 180 to by its light pulse
Spend direct current phase-modulation.
12. the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit of difference control according to scheme 7-phase decoding dress
It sets, which is characterized in that the direct current phase decoder is dry using unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer or unequal arm Michelson
The structure of interferometer.
13. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase of difference control according to scheme 7 or 8 or 12
Decoding apparatus, which is characterized in that
The direct current phase decoder uses the structure of unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer, and the two strips optical path is
Polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path, wherein the difference of the polarization maintaining optical fibre length of the two strips optical path is the integral multiple of beat length of polarization maintaining optical fiber；And/or
The direct current phase decoder uses the structure of unequal arm Michelson's interferometer, and the two strips optical path is polarization-maintaining
Optic fibre light path, wherein the difference of the polarization maintaining optical fibre length of the two strips optical path is the integral multiple of the half of beat length of polarization maintaining optical fiber.
14. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding of difference control according to scheme 7 or 12
Device, which is characterized in that
The direct current phase decoder use unequal arm Michelson's interferometer structure, first bundling device with it is described
First beam splitter is same device, the direct current phase decoder further include:
Two reflecting mirrors, described two reflecting mirrors are located in the two strips optical path, and being respectively used to will be from described
First bundling device is returned in the two-way sub-light pulse-echo of first beam splitter come through the two strips optic path；With,
Optical circulator, the optical circulator are located at first beam splitter front end, and the first via light pulse is from the light
The first port of circulator, which inputs, simultaneously to be exported from the second port of the optical circulator to first beam splitter, from described the
The conjunction beam output of one bundling device is input to the second port of the optical circulator and defeated from the third port of the optical circulator
Out,
Wherein one of the input port of the unequal arm Michelson's interferometer and output port are same port.
15. the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit of difference control according to scheme 7-phase decoding dress
It sets, which is characterized in that first beam splitter and first bundling device are that polarization keeps optical device.
16. the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit of difference control according to scheme 7-phase decoding dress
It sets, which is characterized in that the decoding apparatus further includes the second beam splitter, and second beam splitter is optically coupled to the preposition beam splitting
Device, for receiving second tunnel light pulse and output will be used to carry out the time after the second tunnel light pulse beam splitting and compare particular solution
Code.
17. a kind of quantum key distribution system, comprising: difference control is straight according to any one of scheme 7~16
Stream modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding device, is arranged in the receiving end of the quantum key distribution system,
For time bit-phase decoding；And/or the HVDC Modulation of the difference control according to any one of claim 7~16
Quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding device, is arranged in the transmitting terminal of the quantum key distribution system, when being used for
Between bit-phase code.
Using the solution of the present invention, it can be achieved that multiple advantages.For example, for time bit-phase code quantum key point
Hair application, the present invention pass through the two of each comfortable unequal arm interferometer of two orthogonal polarisation states for controlling light pulse in the decoding of phase base
The difference of the phase difference transmitted in arm is realized that the two orthogonal polarisation states effectively interfere output in output port simultaneously, is achieved in
The immune phase base decoding function of environmental disturbances makes it possible to realize that the immune time bit of stable environmental disturbances-phase is compiled
Code amount quantum key distribution solution.In addition, by right respectively after input optical pulse beam splitting is two-way light pulse by receiving end
This two-way light pulse carries out time decoder and phase decoding, carries out direct current to light pulse in phase decoding and selects keynote system, can have
It reduces sharply and selects the relevant requirement of phase-modulation when base to the decoding of phase base, particularly with avoiding decoding for High Speed System
High-speed phase modulation when base is selected to require.Quantum key distribution decoding scheme of the invention can resist polarization induction decline while keep away
Exempt from that the high speed quantum key distribution application feelings there are environmental disturbances can be highly suitable for the needs of complicated correcting device
Shape.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase of the difference control of one embodiment of the present invention
The flow chart of coding/decoding method；
Fig. 2 is HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase of the difference control of one embodiment of the present invention
The composed structure schematic diagram of decoding apparatus；
Fig. 3 is HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase of the difference control of another preferred embodiment of the present invention
The composed structure schematic diagram of position decoding apparatus；
Fig. 4 is HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase of the difference control of another preferred embodiment of the present invention
The composed structure schematic diagram of position decoding apparatus；
Fig. 5 is HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase of the difference control of another preferred embodiment of the present invention
The composed structure schematic diagram of position decoding apparatus；
Fig. 6 is HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase of the difference control of another preferred embodiment of the present invention
The composed structure schematic diagram of position decoding apparatus.
Specific embodiment
Specifically describing the preferred embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawing, wherein attached drawing constitutes part of this application,
And together with embodiments of the present invention for illustrating the principle of the present invention.For purpose of clarity and simplification, when it may make this hair
When bright theme is smudgy, the detailed of known function and structure of device described herein is illustrated and will be omitted.
A kind of HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase solution of the difference control of one embodiment of the present invention
Code method as shown in Figure 1, specifically includes the following steps:
Step S101: being first via light pulse and the second tunnel by the beam splitting of input optical pulse all the way of incident random polarization state
Light pulse.
Specifically, incident input optical pulse is random polarization state, it is can be linear polarization, circular polarization or oval
The complete polarized light of polarization is also possible to partial poolarized light or non-polarized light.
Step S102: according to quantum key distribution agreement, HVDC Modulation phase decoding and right is carried out to first via light pulse
Second tunnel light pulse carries out the decoding of time bit.
As skilled in the art will understand, it can regard as per light pulse all the way and be made of two orthogonal polarisation states.From
So, the two-way sub-light pulse obtained by first via light pulse beam splitting can also equally regard as by with the road light pulse identical two
A orthogonal polarisation state composition.
According to a kind of possible embodiment, HVDC Modulation phase decoding is carried out to first via light pulse can include:
It is the pulse of two-way sub-light by first via light pulse beam splitting；And
The two-way sub-light pulse is transmitted in two strip optical paths respectively, and relative time delay is made into the two-way sub-light pulse
Beam output is closed afterwards,
Wherein through described two during each comfortable beam splitting to conjunction beam of two orthogonal polarisation states of control first via light pulse
The phase difference of strip optic path differs the integral multiple of 2 π.
In the method for Fig. 1, HVDC Modulation phase solution is being carried out according to quantum key distribution agreement to first via light pulse
Direct current phase-modulation is carried out as described below during code: during beam splitting to conjunction beam, in the two strips optical path
At least one of described two-way sub-light pulse of transmission carries out direct current phase-modulation according to quantum key distribution agreement.
Here, relative time delay and phase-modulation are carried out according to the requirement and regulation of quantum key distribution agreement, are not made herein
It is described in detail.
Through corresponding two strip during each comfortable beam splitting to conjunction beam of two orthogonal polarisation states about light pulse all the way
The phase difference of optic path differs the integral multiple of 2 π, for example, it is assumed that the two orthogonal polarisation states are respectively x-polarisation state and y
X-polarisation state is shown as Δ x in beam splitting to the phase meter through two strip optic paths during closing beam, by y-polarisation by polarization state
State is shown as Δ y in beam splitting to the phase meter through two strip optic paths during closing beam, and two of the road Ze Gai light pulse are just
The integral multiple that the phase difference through two strip optic paths differs 2 π during handing over each comfortable beam splitting of polarization state extremely to close beam can be with table
It is shown as:
Δ x-Δ y=2 π .m,
Wherein m is integer, can be positive integer, negative integer or zero.
In a kind of possible embodiment, it is used for transmission the two of the two-way sub-light pulse that first via light pulse beam splitting obtains
Strip optical path includes that there are birefringent optical paths for two orthogonal polarisation states of the road light pulse, and/or in this two sub-lights
Road has two orthogonal polarisation states for the road light pulse, and there are birefringent optical devices.In this case, control should
Phase difference through the two strips optic path during each comfortable beam splitting to conjunction beam of two orthogonal polarisation states of road light pulse
The integral multiple for differing 2 π includes: during keeping each comfortable beam splitting to conjunction beam of the two orthogonal polarisation states respectively at described two
Polarization state is constant when sub-light road is transmitted；And adjustment is there are the length of birefringent optical path and/or there are birefringent smooth devices
The birefringent size of part, so that being passed during each comfortable beam splitting to conjunction beam of the two orthogonal polarisation states through the two strips optical path
Defeated phase difference differs the integral multiple of 2 π.Optionally, this can pass through following any realization: i) configure the two strips optical path
For polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path, non-birefringent optical device is configured by the optical device in the polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path and/or polarization is kept
Optical device；Ii free space optical path) is configured by the two strips optical path, configures the optical device in two optical paths to partially
Vibration keeps optical device.Herein, " polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path " refers to the optical path or polarization maintaining optical fibre using polarization maintaining optical fibre transmission light pulse
Connect the optical path formed." non-birefringent optical device ", which refers to, has different polarization states (for example, two orthogonal polarisation states)
The optical device of identical refractive index.In addition, polarization keeps optical device to be alternatively referred to as polarization-maintaining optical device.
In a kind of possible embodiment, free space optical path can be configured by above-mentioned two strips optical path, by described two
Optical device in optical path is configured to non-birefringent optical device.In this case, make each comfortable beam splitting of two orthogonal polarisation states
When transmitting in the two strips optical path, polarization state is remained unchanged to closing during beam, and the two orthogonal polarisation states are respectively
The phase difference through the two strips optic path can be identical during beam splitting to conjunction beam.
In a kind of possible realization, transmitted in the two-way sub-light pulse for being obtained to first via light pulse beam splitting
Two strip optical paths at least one sub-light road configuration polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher and/or birefringent phase modulator.Polarization-maintaining
Fiber stretcher is suitable for adjusting the polarization maintaining optical fibre length of the optical path where it.Birefringent phase modulator is suitable for by its two
A orthogonal polarisation state applies different adjustable phase-modulations, thus can be provided to influence and adjust two of the road light pulse
The difference of phase difference through the two strips optic path during each comfortable beam splitting to conjunction beam of orthogonal polarisation state.For example, two-fold
The voltage of lithium columbate crystal can be applied to by controlling for lithium niobate phase modulator by penetrating phase-modulator, can be to passing through
The phase-modulation that two orthogonal polarisation states of the lithium niobate phase modulator are respectively subjected to is controlled and is adjusted.It is double as a result,
Refractive phase modulator can be used for influencing and adjusting each comfortable beam splitting of two orthogonal polarisation states of the road light pulse to the mistake of conjunction beam
The difference of the phase difference of two strip optic paths described in Cheng Zhongjing.
Carrying out direct current phase-modulation to a light pulse can be realized by polarizing unrelated phase-modulator.Polarize unrelated phase
Modulator is suitable for carrying out identical phase-modulation to two orthogonal polarisation states of light pulse, so referred to as polarizing unrelated.It lifts
For example, polarizing unrelated phase-modulator can be realized by two birefringent phase modulator serial or parallel connections.According to circumstances, may be used
To realize direct current phase-modulation by a variety of specific meanss.For example, these means can include: the length of modulation free space optical path
It spends the perhaps length of modulation optical fiber or utilizes serial or parallel connection optical waveguide phase-modulator etc..For example, can be by using motor
Change the length of free space optical path to realize desired direct current phase-modulation.For another example, the optical fiber using piezoelectric effect can be passed through
Stretcher carrys out the length of modulation optical fiber, is achieved in phase-modulation.In addition, phase-modulator can be suitable for it is voltage-controlled its
His type, by apply suitable DC voltage to polarize unrelated phase-modulator come two orthogonal polarisation states to light pulse into
The identical phase-modulation of row is, it can be achieved that desired direct current phase-modulation.In the case where direct current phase-modulation, apply without converting
To the voltage of phase-modulator.
In a preferred embodiment, one of two-way sub-light pulse obtained to first via light pulse beam splitting carries out 0 degree
Direct current phase-modulation or 180 degree direct current phase-modulation.
According to a kind of possible embodiment, including: to second tunnel light pulse progress time bit decoding will be described
Second tunnel light pulse is directly exported for detecting；Or output after the second tunnel light pulse beam splitting is used to detect.
A kind of HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase solution of the difference control of one embodiment of the present invention
Code device is as shown in Fig. 2, include consisting of part: preposition beam splitter 201, beam splitter 202 and 203, direct current phase-modulator
204, bundling device 205.Beam splitter 203, bundling device 205 and two strip optical paths between them totally can be described as direct current phase decoding
Device.
Preposition beam splitter 201 is used to the beam splitting of input optical pulse all the way of incident random polarization state be two-way light pulse.
Direct current phase decoder and preposition 201 optical coupling of beam splitter, for receiving the light all the way in above-mentioned two-way light pulse
Pulse simultaneously carries out HVDC Modulation phase decoding to it.For convenience, this all the way light pulse be hereinafter also referred to be first via light
Pulse.
Beam splitter 202 and preposition 201 optical coupling of beam splitter, for receiving the another way light arteries and veins in above-mentioned two-way light pulse
Punching, and output after the another way light pulse beam splitting is used to carry out time bit decoding.Here, it should be noted that beam splitter
202 be optional.The another way light pulse is directly exported by preposition beam splitter 201 and is used to carry out time bit to decode to be possible
's.
Beam splitter 203 will be for that will be the pulse of two-way sub-light from the first via light pulse beam splitting of preposition beam splitter 201, to divide
Beam output is not closed through two strip optic paths and by bundling device 205 after by this two strips optical path making relative time delay.Direct current phase tune
Device 204 processed is used to carry out the sub-light pulse transmitted through one of the two strip optical paths where it according to quantum key distribution agreement straight
Flow phase-modulation.Specifically, two strip optical paths are used to transmit this two-way sub-light pulse respectively, and for realizing this two-way sub-light arteries and veins
The relative time delay of punching.It can be long by adjusting optical path physics any in two strip optical paths between beam splitter 203 and bundling device 205
Spend the relative time delay to realize two-way sub-light pulse.This two-way sub-light of bundling device 205 for will come through two strip optic paths
Beam output is closed in pulse.
Preferably, direct current phase-modulator 204 is used to carry out 0 degree of direct current phase-modulation or 180 to by its light pulse
Spend direct current phase-modulation.
According to the present invention, in direct current phase decoder, two strip optical paths and optical device thereon are configured so that first
Phase difference difference 2 through two strip optic paths during each comfortable beam splitting to conjunction beam of two orthogonal polarisation states of road light pulse
The integral multiple of π.
In this regard, an optical path depends on for two orthogonal polarisation states there may be birefringent or there is no birefringent
In the type of the optical path.For example, free space optical path for input optical pulse all the way two orthogonal polarisation states there is no two-fold
Penetrate, and polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path for input optical pulse all the way two orthogonal polarisation states usually exist differ greatly each other it is two-fold
It penetrates.In addition, an optical device in optical path for two orthogonal polarisation states there may be birefringent or there is no birefringent, depend on
In the type of the optical device.For example, a non-birefringent optical device for input optical pulse all the way two orthogonal polarisation states not
There are birefringent, and a polarization keeps optical device usually to there are each other two orthogonal polarisation states of input optical pulse all the way
What is differed greatly is birefringent.
For direct current phase decoder, can optionally there be following setting:
Two strip optical paths between beam splitter and bundling device in direct current phase decoder are free space optical path, this two
Optical device in strip optical path, including direct current phase-modulator --- it is non-birefringent optical device and/or polarization if any
Keep optical device.For the setting, in the case where there is polarization to keep optical device, polarization keeps optical device itself to cause to be input to
Two orthogonal polarisation states of the light pulse of the phase decoder are in beam splitting to the phase through two strip optic paths during closing beam
Potential difference differs the integral multiple of 2 π.
Two strip optical paths between beam splitter and bundling device in direct current phase decoder are polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path, this two
Optical device in strip optical path, including direct current phase-modulator --- if any, optical device and/or non-pair are kept for polarization
Reflect optical device.
Direct current phase decoder further includes fiber stretcher and/or birefringent phase modulator.Fiber stretcher can position
Any sub-light road in the two strip optical paths between the beam splitter and bundling device of phase decoder, can be used for adjusting its place
Sub-light road polarization maintaining optical fibre length.By adjusting polarization maintaining optical fibre length by means of fiber stretcher, it may be advantageous to be easily achieved
Each comfortable beam splitting of two orthogonal polarisation states of the light pulse of the phase decoder is input to closing during beam through two sub-lights
The phase difference of road transmission differs the integral multiple of 2 π.In addition, fiber stretcher also is used as the use of direct current phase-modulator.It is birefringent
Phase-modulator can be located at any sub-light road in the two strips optical path, can be used for by its two of light pulse just
Polarization state is handed over to apply different phase-modulations.By controlling the birefringent phase modulator, by its two of light pulse just
The difference for the phase-modulation for handing over polarization state to be respectively subjected to is adjustable.In this way, by utilizing birefringent phase modulator, it is convenient to
It is passed through during each comfortable beam splitting to conjunction beam of two orthogonal polarisation states of the light pulse that influence and adjustment are input to phase decoder
The difference of the phase difference of the two strips optic path, it is easy to accomplish the integral multiple that the difference is 2 π.The birefringent phase modulator
It can be previously described lithium niobate phase modulator.
Direct current phase decoder uses the structure of unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer, the optical path of interferometer two-arm
(that is, two strip optical paths between the beam splitter and bundling device of phase decoder) use polarization maintaining optical fibre, the guarantor of this two strips optical path
The difference of inclined fiber lengths is the integral multiple of beat length of polarization maintaining optical fiber.In this case, the optical device in two strip optical paths causes to input
Each comfortable beam splitting of two orthogonal polarisation states to the light pulse of the phase decoder is passed during beam through two strip optical paths to closing
Defeated phase difference differs the integral multiple of 2 π.
Direct current phase decoder uses the structure of unequal arm Michelson's interferometer.At this point, the conjunction beam of phase decoder
Device and beam splitter are same device.In the case, phase decoder further includes two reflecting mirrors, the two reflecting mirrors distinguish position
In in two strip optical paths of the two-way sub-light pulse that the beam splitter beam splitting for being used for transmission phase decoder obtains, be respectively used in the future
It goes back from the two-way sub-light pulse-echo of the beam splitter of phase decoder come through the two strips optic path so as to by phase
Decoder closes beam output with beam splitter for the bundling device of same device.In addition, the input terminal of unequal arm Michelson's interferometer
One of mouth and output port can be same port, and phase decoder further includes optical circulator.The optical circulator can be located at
The beam splitter front end of phase decoder.Light pulse can be from the first end of optical circulator all the way for corresponding from preposition beam splitter 201
Mouth inputs and exports the bundling device to the beam splitter of phase decoder, from phase decoder from the second port of optical circulator
The conjunctions beam of (being same device with the beam splitter of phase decoder) exports the second port that can be input to optical circulator and from the ring of light
The third port of shape device exports.
Direct current phase decoder uses structure --- the conjunction of phase decoder at this time of unequal arm Michelson's interferometer
Beam device and beam splitter are same device.The optical path of interferometer two-arm is (that is, with the beam splitter and bundling device optical coupling for same device
, the two strip optical paths of two-way sub-light pulse that beam splitter beam splitting that be respectively used to transmission phase decoder obtains) using polarization-maintaining
Optical fiber, the difference of the polarization maintaining optical fibre length of this two strips optical path are the integral multiple of the half of beat length of polarization maintaining optical fiber.In this case, two
Other optical devices in strip optical path lead to each comfortable point of two orthogonal polarisation states of the light pulse for being input to the phase decoder
Phase difference during Shu Zhihe beam through two strip optic paths differs the integral multiple of 2 π.
" beat length of polarization maintaining optical fiber " is concept well known in the art, refers to two polarization eigen states of polarization maintaining optical fibre along polarization maintaining optical fibre
Transmission generates polarization maintaining optical fibre length corresponding to the phase difference of 2 π.
For the embodiment of Fig. 2, beam splitter 203 and bundling device 205 preferably polarize and keep optical device.Polarization is mentioned to keep
Optical device, there are two orthogonal polarization eigen states, keep polarization state constant the light pulse of incident polarization eigen state, such as
It is well known by persons skilled in the art.
A kind of HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase of difference control of another preferred embodiment of the present invention
Decoding apparatus is as shown in figure 3, direct current phase decoder therein uses the structure of unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer.The solution
Code device includes consisting of part: beam splitter 303 and 304, polarization-maintaining beam splitter 307, polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher 308, polarization-maintaining are closed
Beam device 309.
Beam splitter 303 is used as preposition beam splitter, and one of two ports 301 and 302 of one side are as the defeated of decoding apparatus
Enter end.Polarization-maintaining beam splitter 307 and polarization-maintaining bundling device 309 constitute the component part of polarization-maintaining unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer, protect
Two strip optical paths between inclined beam splitter 307 and polarization-maintaining bundling device 309 are (that is, the two of polarization-maintaining unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer
Arm) it is polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path, polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher 308 is inserted into two arms of polarization-maintaining unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer
Any arm.
When work, incident light pulse enters beam splitter 303 through the port 301 or 302 of preposition beam splitter 303, by beam splitter
303, which are divided into two-way light pulse, is transmitted.Light pulse all the way from preposition beam splitter 303 is input to beam splitter 304, and by dividing
Through port 305 or the output of port 306 for carrying out time bit decoding after 304 beam splitting of beam device.From the another of preposition beam splitter 303
Light pulse is input to polarization-maintaining beam splitter 307 all the way, and is the pulse of two-way sub-light respectively through polarization-maintaining by 307 beam splitting of polarization-maintaining beam splitter
Two strip optic paths between beam splitter 307 and polarization-maintaining bundling device 309.In this two-way sub-light pulse all the way through polarization maintaining optical fibre
Stretcher 308 is transmitted to polarization-maintaining bundling device 309 after carrying out direct current phase-modulation, and another way is directly transmitted to polarization-maintaining through polarization maintaining optical fibre
Bundling device 309, this two-way sub-light pulse close beam through polarization-maintaining bundling device 309 after relative time delay and after closing beam by port 310 or
311 outputs.The difference of two strip optical path polarization maintaining optical fibre length between polarization-maintaining beam splitter 307 and polarization-maintaining bundling device 309 is polarization-maintaining light
Fibre claps long integral multiple.
A kind of HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase of difference control of another preferred embodiment of the present invention
Decoding apparatus is as shown in figure 4, direct current phase decoder therein uses the structure of unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer.The solution
Code device includes consisting of part: beam splitter 403, polarization-maintaining beam splitter 405, polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher 406, polarization-maintaining bundling device
407。
Beam splitter 403 is used as preposition beam splitter, and one of two ports 401 and 402 of one side are as the defeated of decoding apparatus
Enter end.Polarization-maintaining beam splitter 405 and polarization-maintaining bundling device 407 constitute the component part of polarization-maintaining unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer, protect
Two strip optical paths between inclined beam splitter 405 and polarization-maintaining bundling device 407 are (that is, the two of polarization-maintaining unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer
Arm) it is polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path, polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher 406 is inserted into two arms of polarization-maintaining unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer
Any arm.
When work, incident light pulse enters beam splitter 403 through the port 401 or 402 of preposition beam splitter 403, by beam splitter
403, which are divided into two-way light pulse, is transmitted.One of this two-way light pulse is directly exported through port 404 by preposition beam splitter 403
For carrying out time bit decoding.Another way light pulse from preposition beam splitter 403 is input to polarization-maintaining beam splitter 405, and by
405 beam splitting of polarization-maintaining beam splitter is the pulse of two-way sub-light respectively through two between polarization-maintaining beam splitter 405 and polarization-maintaining bundling device 407
Sub- optic path.Being transmitted to after polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher 406 carries out direct current phase-modulation in this two-way sub-light pulse all the way
Polarization-maintaining bundling device 407, another way are directly transmitted to polarization-maintaining bundling device 407 through polarization maintaining optical fibre, this two-way sub-light pulse is prolonged opposite
Shi Houjing polarization-maintaining bundling device 407 closes beam and is exported after closing beam by port 408 or 409.Polarization-maintaining beam splitter 405 and polarization-maintaining bundling device
The difference of two strip optical path polarization maintaining optical fibre length between 407 is the integral multiple of beat length of polarization maintaining optical fiber.
A kind of HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase of difference control of another preferred embodiment of the present invention
Decoding apparatus is as shown in figure 5, direct current phase decoder therein uses the structure of unequal arm Michelson's interferometer.Decoding dress
It sets including consisting of part: beam splitter 503 and 504, optical circulator 507, polarization-maintaining beam splitter 508, polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher
510 and reflecting mirror 509 and 511.
Beam splitter 503 is used as preposition beam splitter, and one of two ports 501 and 502 of one side are as the defeated of decoding apparatus
Enter end.It for optical circulator 507, is exported by what port A was inputted by port B, is exported by what port B was inputted by port C.Polarization-maintaining point
Beam device 508 and reflecting mirror 509,511 constitute the component part of polarization-maintaining unequal arm Michelson's interferometer, polarization-maintaining beam splitter 508 with
Two strip optical paths (that is, two-arm of polarization-maintaining unequal arm Michelson's interferometer) between reflecting mirror 509,511 use polarization maintaining optical fibre
Optical path, polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher 510 are inserted into any arm in the two-arm of polarization-maintaining unequal arm Michelson's interferometer.
When work, port 501 or 502 of the incident light pulse through beam splitter 503 is into beam splitter 503 and by beam splitter 503
Two-way light pulse is beamed into be transmitted.Light pulse all the way from preposition beam splitter 503 is input to beam splitter 504, and by dividing
Through port 505 or the output of port 506 for carrying out time bit decoding after 504 beam splitting of beam device.From the another of preposition beam splitter 503
Light pulse is input to the port A of optical circulator 507 all the way and the port B through optical circulator 507 is exported to polarization-maintaining beam splitter 508,
It then is the pulse of two-way sub-light with the two-arm biography respectively through polarization-maintaining unequal arm Michelson's interferometer by 508 beam splitting of polarization-maintaining beam splitter
It is defeated.It is directly transferred to reflecting mirror 509 all the way and is reflected by reflecting mirror 509 in this two-way sub-light pulse, another way is through protecting
Reflecting mirror 511 is transmitted to after the inclined progress of fiber stretcher 510 direct current phase-modulation to be reflected by reflecting mirror 511 again, is reflected back
The two-way sub-light pulse after relative time delay come closes beam through polarization-maintaining beam splitter 508 and is exported or passed through by port 513 after closing beam
Port 512 is transmitted to by the port C of optical circulator 507 after the port B input of optical circulator 507 to export.Polarization-maintaining beam splitter 508 with
The difference of two strip optical path polarization maintaining optical fibre length between reflecting mirror 509,511 is the integral multiple of beat length of polarization maintaining optical fiber half.
A kind of HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase of difference control of another preferred embodiment of the present invention
Decoding apparatus is as shown in fig. 6, direct current phase decoder therein uses the structure of unequal arm Michelson's interferometer.Decoding dress
It sets including consisting of part: beam splitter 603, optical circulator 605, polarization-maintaining beam splitter 606, polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher 608, and
Reflecting mirror 607 and 609.
Beam splitter 603 is used as preposition beam splitter, and one of two ports 601 and 602 of one side are as the defeated of decoding apparatus
Enter end.It for optical circulator 605, is exported by what port A was inputted by port B, is exported by what port B was inputted by port C.Polarization-maintaining point
Beam device 606 and reflecting mirror 607,609 constitute the component part of polarization-maintaining unequal arm Michelson's interferometer, polarization-maintaining beam splitter 606 with
Two strip optical paths (that is, two-arm of polarization-maintaining unequal arm Michelson's interferometer) between reflecting mirror 607,609 use polarization maintaining optical fibre
Optical path, polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher 608 are inserted into any arm in the two-arm of polarization-maintaining unequal arm Michelson's interferometer.
When work, port 601 or 602 of the incident light pulse through beam splitter 603 is into beam splitter 603 and by beam splitter 603
Two-way light pulse is beamed into be transmitted.One of this two-way light pulse is directly exported through port 604 by preposition beam splitter 603 and is used
In progress time bit decoding.Another way light pulse from preposition beam splitter 603 is input to the port A of optical circulator 605 simultaneously
Port B through optical circulator 605 is exported to polarization-maintaining beam splitter 606, is then the pulse of two-way sub-light by 606 beam splitting of polarization-maintaining beam splitter
With the two-arm transmission respectively through polarization-maintaining unequal arm Michelson's interferometer.Being directly transferred in this two-way sub-light pulse all the way is anti-
It penetrates mirror 607 and is reflected by reflecting mirror 607, another way is transmitted after polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher 608 carries out direct current phase-modulation
It is reflected again by reflecting mirror 609 to reflecting mirror 609, the reflected two-way sub-light pulse after relative time delay is through polarization-maintaining point
Beam device 606 closes beam and is exported or after the port B of optical circulator 605 input by port 611 by optical circulator 605 after closing beam
Port C is transmitted to the output of port 610.Two strip optical path polarization maintaining optical fibres between polarization-maintaining beam splitter 606 and reflecting mirror 607,609 are long
The difference of degree is the integral multiple of beat length of polarization maintaining optical fiber half.
In the embodiment of Fig. 3-Fig. 6, polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher is other than for direct current phase-modulation, another purposes
It can be used to adjustment polarization maintaining optical fibre length, realize that the difference of the polarization maintaining optical fibre length of interferometer two-arm (two strip optical paths) meets
It is stating with beat length of polarization maintaining optical fiber relationship, be achieved in each comfortable beam splitting of two orthogonal polarisation states of the light pulse of input interferometer
To the integral multiple for closing phase difference through two strip optic paths during beam and differing 2 π.
Herein, term " beam splitter " and " bundling device " are used interchangeably, and beam splitter is also referred to as and as bundling device, instead
?.
The HVDC Modulation quantum key of difference control of the invention can be configured in the receiving end of quantum key distribution system
Distribute time bit-phase decoding device, is used for time bit-phase decoding.Alternatively, it is also possible in quantum key distribution system
Transmitting terminal configure HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding device of difference control of the invention, be used for
Time bit-phase code.
In general, environmental disturbances cause communicating pair transmission fiber and the generation of encoding and decoding interferometer optical fiber birefringent, lead to light
Pulse polarization state when reaching receiving end changes at random, so that decoding interference has polarization induction decline, influence time bit-phase
The decoded stability of phase base in position decoding quantum key distribution.The present invention can be realized two of light pulse in the decoding of phase base
Orthogonal polarisation state effectively interferes output in output port simultaneously, is equivalent to and carries out polarization diversity processing to two orthogonal polarisation states,
Interference decoding instability problem caused by polarization induction decline can be effectively solved, realizes the immune stable phase angle solution of environmental disturbances
In addition code is also eliminated to entangling without using polarization beam apparatus and two interferometers to be decoded two polarization states respectively
Inclined needs.In addition, avoiding high-speed phase modulation by using direct current phase-modulation in the decoding of phase base and requiring.
By the explanation of specific embodiment, the present invention can should be reached technological means that predetermined purpose is taken and
Effect, which has, more deeply and specifically to be understood, however appended diagram is only to provide reference and description and is used, and is not used to this hair
It is bright to limit.
Claims (17)
1. a kind of HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding method of difference control, which is characterized in that described
Method includes:
It is first via light pulse and the second tunnel light pulse by the beam splitting of input optical pulse all the way of incident random polarization state；And
According to quantum key distribution agreement, HVDC Modulation phase decoding is carried out to the first via light pulse and to second tunnel
Light pulse carries out the decoding of time bit,
Wherein, carrying out HVDC Modulation phase decoding to the first via light pulse includes:
It is the pulse of two-way sub-light by the first via light pulse beam splitting；And
The two-way sub-light pulse is transmitted in two strip optical paths respectively, and is closed after relative time delay is made in the two-way sub-light pulse
Beam output,
Each comfortable beam splitting of two orthogonal polarisation states of the first via light pulse is wherein controlled to closing during beam through described two
The phase difference of strip optic path differs the integral multiple of 2 π, and wherein, during beam splitting to conjunction beam, at described two
At least one of described two-way sub-light pulse of sub-light road transmission carries out direct current phase-modulation according to quantum key distribution agreement.
2. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding method of difference control according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the two strips optical path includes that there are birefringent for two orthogonal polarisation states of the first via light pulse
With two orthogonal polarisation states for the first via light pulse, there are birefringent in optical path and/or the two strips optical path
Optical device, wherein each comfortable beam splitting of two orthogonal polarisation states of the control first via light pulse is to during closing beam
The integral multiple that phase difference through the two strips optic path differs 2 π includes:
During keeping each comfortable beam splitting of the two orthogonal polarisation states extremely to close beam respectively when being transmitted in the two strips optical path
Polarization state is constant；And
Adjustment is there are the length of birefringent optical path and/or there are the birefringent sizes of birefringent optical device, so that the two
The phase difference through the two strips optic path differs the integral multiple of 2 π during each comfortable beam splitting to conjunction beam of orthogonal polarisation state.
3. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding side of difference control according to claim 1 or 2
Method, which is characterized in that
Free space optical path is configured by the two strips optical path, is configured the optical device of the free space optical road to non-double
It reflects optical device and/or polarization keeps optical device；Or
Polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path is configured by the two strips optical path, is configured the optical device in the polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path to non-double
It reflects optical device and/or polarization keeps optical device.
4. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding method of difference control according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, configuring polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher and/or birefringent at least one sub-light road in the two strips optical path
Phase-modulator, wherein adjusting the first via by the polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher and/or the birefringent phase modulator
Each comfortable beam splitting of two orthogonal polarisation states of light pulse to close during beam the phase difference through the two strips optic path it
Difference.
5. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding method of difference control according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, at least one of described two-way sub-light pulse transmitted in the two strips optical path according to quantum key point
It includes: to carry out 0 degree of direct current phase-modulation or 180 degree to one of described two-way sub-light pulse that hair agreement, which carries out direct current phase-modulation,
Direct current phase-modulation.
6. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding method of difference control according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, including: to second tunnel light pulse progress time bit decoding
Second tunnel light pulse is directly exported and is used to detect；Or
Output after the second tunnel light pulse beam splitting is used to detect.
7. a kind of HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding device of difference control, which is characterized in that described
Decoding apparatus includes:
Preposition beam splitter, for being first via light pulse and second by the beam splitting of input optical pulse all the way of incident random polarization state
Road light pulse；And
With the direct current phase decoder of the preposition beam splitter optical coupling, it is used to carry out direct current phase to the first via light pulse
Decoding,
The direct current phase decoder include the first beam splitter, the first bundling device and merges with the first beam splitter optocoupler and
Two strip optical paths of the first bundling device optical coupling, wherein
First beam splitter is used to the first via light pulse beam splitting be the pulse of two-way sub-light；
The two strips optical path is used to transmit the two-way sub-light pulse respectively, and for realizing the phase of the two-way sub-light pulse
To delay；
First bundling device is used to closing the two-way sub-light pulse after relative time delay into beam output,
Wherein in the direct current phase decoder, the two strips optical path and optical device thereon are configured so that described first
During beam is closed in each leisure of two orthogonal polarisation states the first beam splitter beam splitting of road light pulse to first bundling device
Phase difference through the two strips optic path differs the integral multiple of 2 π,
Wherein the direct current phase decoder has the direct current phase-modulator being located at least one of described two strips optical path,
The direct current phase-modulator is used to carry out the light pulse through the sub- optic path where it according to quantum key distribution agreement
Direct current phase-modulation,
Wherein light pulse output in second tunnel is used to carry out time bit decoding by the preposition beam splitter.
8. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding device of difference control according to claim 7,
It is characterized in that,
The two strips optical path is free space optical path, the optical device in the two strips optical path be non-birefringent optical device and/
Or polarization keeps optical device；Or
The two strips optical path is polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path, the optical device in the two strips optical path be polarization keep optical device and/
Or non-birefringent optical device.
9. the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit of difference control according to claim 7 or 8-phase decoding dress
It sets, which is characterized in that the direct current phase decoder further include:
The polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher of any sub-light road in the two strips optical path, the polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher are used for
Adjust the polarization maintaining optical fibre length of the optical path where it；And/or
The birefringent phase modulator of any sub-light road in the two strips optical path, the birefringent phase modulator
Apply different adjustable phase-modulations for two orthogonal polarisation states to the light pulse by it.
10. the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit of difference control according to claim 7-phase decoding dress
It sets, which is characterized in that the direct current phase-modulator is to polarize unrelated phase-modulator.
11. the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit of difference control according to claim 7-phase decoding dress
It sets, which is characterized in that the direct current phase-modulator is used to carry out 0 degree of direct current phase-modulation or 180 to by its light pulse
Spend direct current phase-modulation.
12. the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit of difference control according to claim 7-phase decoding dress
It sets, which is characterized in that the direct current phase decoder is dry using unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer or unequal arm Michelson
The structure of interferometer.
13. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase of difference control according to claim 7 or 8 or 12
Decoding apparatus, which is characterized in that
The direct current phase decoder uses the structure of unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer, and the two strips optical path is polarization-maintaining
Optic fibre light path, wherein the difference of the polarization maintaining optical fibre length of the two strips optical path is the integral multiple of beat length of polarization maintaining optical fiber；And/or
The direct current phase decoder uses the structure of unequal arm Michelson's interferometer, and the two strips optical path is polarization maintaining optical fibre
Optical path, wherein the difference of the polarization maintaining optical fibre length of the two strips optical path is the integral multiple of the half of beat length of polarization maintaining optical fiber.
14. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding of difference control according to claim 7 or 12
Device, which is characterized in that
The direct current phase decoder uses the structure of unequal arm Michelson's interferometer, first bundling device and described first
Beam splitter is same device, the direct current phase decoder further include:
Two reflecting mirrors, described two reflecting mirrors are located in the two strips optical path, and being respectively used to will be from described first
First bundling device is returned in the two-way sub-light pulse-echo of beam splitter come through the two strips optic path；With,
Optical circulator, the optical circulator are located at first beam splitter front end, and the first via light pulse is from the ring of light shape
The first port of device is inputted and is exported from the second port of the optical circulator to first beam splitter, is closed from described first
The conjunction beam output of beam device is input to the second port of the optical circulator and exports from the third port of the optical circulator,
Wherein one of the input port of the unequal arm Michelson's interferometer and output port are same port.
15. the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit of difference control according to claim 7-phase decoding dress
It sets, which is characterized in that first beam splitter and first bundling device are that polarization keeps optical device.
16. the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit of difference control according to claim 7-phase decoding dress
It sets, which is characterized in that the decoding apparatus further includes the second beam splitter, and second beam splitter is optically coupled to the preposition beam splitting
Device, for receiving second tunnel light pulse and output will be used to carry out the time after the second tunnel light pulse beam splitting and compare particular solution
Code.
17. a kind of quantum key distribution system, comprising:
HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase of difference control according to any one of claim 7~16
Position decoding apparatus, is arranged in the receiving end of the quantum key distribution system, is used for time bit-phase decoding；And/or
HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase of difference control according to any one of claim 7~16
Position decoding apparatus, is arranged in the transmitting terminal of the quantum key distribution system, is used for time bit-phase code.
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| CN114785493A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-07-22 | 银川产业技术研究院 | Quantum key distribution phase encoding method and device based on IQ (in-phase Quadrature) optical modulator |
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