CN209120198U - Divide the quantum key distribution phase decoding device and corresponding system of polarization difference control - Google Patents
Divide the quantum key distribution phase decoding device and corresponding system of polarization difference control Download PDFInfo
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- CN209120198U CN209120198U CN201821752682.1U CN201821752682U CN209120198U CN 209120198 U CN209120198 U CN 209120198U CN 201821752682 U CN201821752682 U CN 201821752682U CN 209120198 U CN209120198 U CN 209120198U
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Abstract
The utility model proposes the quantum key distribution phase decoding devices and corresponding system of a kind of point of polarization difference control.The phase decoding device is used to carry out phase decoding, including interferometer to the input optical pulse of random polarization state.Interferometer includes beam splitter, the first arm, the second arm and the first bundling device that beam splitter is coupled to through the first and second arms.The phase decoding device also has positioned at interferometer front end or the phase-modulator on one of first and second arms.A point polarization difference control device is provided at least the first arm, being divided to polarization difference control device includes polarization beam apparatus, two strip optical paths and the second bundling device that polarization beam apparatus is coupled to through two strip optical paths.First and second arms and optical device thereon are configured so that the phase difference through the transmission of the first and second arms in each comfortable interferometer of two orthogonal polarisation states of input optical pulse differs the integral multiple of 2 π.The utility model provides a kind of phase code quantum key distribution decoding scheme of anti-polarization induction decline.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to optical transport private communication technology field more particularly to the quantum of a kind of point of polarization difference control
Key distributes phase decoding method, apparatus and the quantum key distribution system including the device.
Background technique
Quantum Secure Communication is the forward position focus field that quantum physics are combined with information science.Based on quantum key
Distribution technology and one time cryptosystem principle, quantum secret communication can be in the safe transmissions of overt channel realization information.Quantum is close
Key distribution can be realized based on physical principles such as quantum mechanics Heisenberg uncertainty relationship, quantum non-clone principles in user
Between safely shared key, and can detecte potential eavesdropping behavior, it is contour to can be applied to national defence, government affairs, finance, electric power
The field of security information transmission demand.
Currently, the encoding scheme of quantum key distribution mainly uses polarization encoder and phase code.Ground quantum key point
Hair is based primarily upon fibre channel transmission, and there are the non-circular symmetrical, fiber core refractive index in section radially uneven distributions for optical fiber fabrication
Equal non-idealities, and optical fiber is influenced by temperature, strain, bending etc. in the actual environment, can generate random birefringence effect.
It when using polarization encoder, is influenced by optical fiber random birefringence, the quantum state of polarization encoder reaches after long-distance optical fiber transmits
When receiving end, light pulse polarization state can occur to change at random, and the bit error rate is caused to increase, and result in the need for increasing correcting device, increase
System complexity and cost, and stable application is difficult to realize for strong jammings situations such as aerial optical cable, road and bridge optical cables.Compared to inclined
Vibration coding, the phase difference of phase code light pulse before and after is come encoded information, energy during long-distance optical fiber transmission
Enough stablize keeps.However for phase encoding scheme, when interfering decoding, because transmission fiber and encoding and decoding interferometer optical fiber are two-fold
There is polarization induction decline, cause decoding interference unstable in the influence penetrated.Equally, if increasing correcting device, although only
It needs to rectify a deviation to a kind of polarization state, but also will increase system complexity and cost.For quantum key distribution phase code
Scheme, how to carry out to stability and high efficiency interference decoding is that the heat of quantum secret communication application is carried out based on existing optical cable infrastructure
Point and problem.
Utility model content
The main purpose of the utility model is that proposing the quantum key distribution phase decoding of a kind of point of polarization difference control
Method and apparatus, it is unstable to solve phase decoding interference caused by polarization induction declines in the application of phase code quantum key distribution
Fixed problem.
The utility model provides at least following technical scheme:
1. the quantum key distribution phase decoding device of a kind of point of polarization difference control, for incident random polarization state
Input optical pulse all the way carry out phase decoding, which is characterized in that the phase decoding device includes interferometer, the interferometer
Merge including beam splitter, the first bundling device and with the beam splitter optocoupler with the first arm of the first bundling device optical coupling and
Second arm, wherein the beam splitter is coupled to first bundling device, the phase decoding dress through first arm and the second arm
It sets also to have and is located at the interferometer front end or the phase-modulator at least one of first arm and the second arm,
In a point polarization difference control device is provided at least described first arm, it includes polarization beam splitting that described point of polarization, which differs control device,
Device, the second bundling device and merge with the polarization beam apparatus optocoupler with two strip optical paths of the second bundling device optical coupling,
Wherein the polarization beam apparatus is coupled to second bundling device through the two strips optical path, wherein first arm and the second arm
And optical device thereon is configured so that in each leisure interferometer of two orthogonal polarisation states of the input optical pulse through institute
State the integral multiple of 2 π of phase difference difference of the first arm and the transmission of the second arm.
2. the quantum key distribution phase decoding device of according to scheme 1 point of polarization difference control, which is characterized in that
First arm and the second arm are polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path, and the optical device on first arm and the second arm is that polarization keeps optical device
And/or non-birefringent optical device.
3. the quantum key distribution phase decoding device of according to scheme 1 point of polarization difference control, which is characterized in that
The phase decoding device further include:
Polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher, the polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher are located on any arm in first arm and the second arm；
And/or
Birefringent phase modulator, the birefringent phase modulator are located at any arm in first arm and the second arm
On.
4. the quantum key distribution phase decoding device of according to scheme 1 point of polarization difference control, which is characterized in that
The phase-modulator includes:
Phase-modulator positioned at the interferometer front end；Or
Phase-modulator on second arm；Or
Phase-modulator on the first arm is set before the polarization beam apparatus, or in second bundling device
Phase-modulator on the first arm is set later, or two phase-modulations being located in the two strips optical path
Device.
5. the quantum key distribution phase decoding device of according to scheme 1 point of polarization difference control, which is characterized in that
At least one sub-light road in the two strips optical path is provided with optical fiber phase shifter or phase-modulator.
6. the quantum key distribution phase decoding device of according to scheme 1 point of polarization difference control, which is characterized in that
The interferometer uses the structure of unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer；Or
The interferometer uses the structure of unequal arm Michelson's interferometer, and the beam splitter of the interferometer and first close beam
Device is same device, the interferometer further include:
The first reflecting mirror on first arm, for will be from the beam splitter of the interferometer through described first
The light pulse that arm transmission comes is reflected back first bundling device；
The second reflecting mirror on second arm, for will be from the beam splitter of the interferometer through described second
The light pulse that arm transmission comes is reflected back first bundling device.
7. the quantum key distribution phase decoding device of according to scheme 6 point of polarization difference control, which is characterized in that
Described point of polarization difference control device uses the structure of Mach-Zehnder optical path；Or
Described point of polarization difference control device uses the structure of Michelson optical path, and the polarization beam apparatus and second closes beam
Device is same device, and described point of polarization difference control device further includes two reflecting mirrors, wherein one in described two reflecting mirrors
In an a strip optical path in the two strips optical path, for will be from the polarization beam apparatus through a sub-light
The light pulse that road transmission comes is reflected back second bundling device；Another in described two reflecting mirrors is located at two sub-lights
Light arteries and veins in another strip optical path in road, for will come from the polarization beam apparatus through another strip optic path
Punching is reflected back second bundling device, wherein the interferometer uses the structure of unequal arm Michelson's interferometer, it is described two
One of reflecting mirror is first reflecting mirror.
8. according to the quantum key distribution phase decoding device of point polarization difference control any in scheme 1~6,
It is characterized in that, second bundling device is polarization-maintaining coupler or polarization beam combiner.
9. a kind of quantum key distribution system, which is characterized in that the quantum key distribution system includes:
According to the quantum key distribution phase decoding device of point polarization difference control any in scheme 1~8, set
It sets in the receiving end of the quantum key distribution system, is used for phase decoding；And/or
According to the quantum key distribution phase decoding device of point polarization difference control any in scheme 1~8, set
The transmitting terminal in the quantum key distribution system is set, phase code is used for.
Using the embodiment of the utility model, it can be achieved that multiple advantages.For example, the utility model passes through control input optical pulse
Each comfortable unequal arm interferometer of two orthogonal polarisation states two-arm in the difference of phase difference transmitted, realize the two cross-polarizations
State effectively interferes output in output port simultaneously, has the immune phase base decoding function of environmental disturbances, is enable to reality
The immune phase code quantum key distribution solution of now stable environmental disturbances.In addition, by along interferometer at least
The light pulse of one arm transmission carries out polarization diversity processing, makes it possible to independently carry out two orthogonal polarisation states of the light pulse
Phase controlling, to be easier to pass in the two-arm for realizing each comfortable unequal arm interferometer of two orthogonal polarisation states of input optical pulse
The difference of defeated phase difference meets the requirements (that is, being the integral multiple of 2 π).The utility model, which provides, a kind of facilitates feasible anti-polarization
Induce the quantum key distribution decoding scheme of decline.In addition, the class for the interferometer that the utility model uses phase decoding device
Type does not constrain, and most common unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer can be used, and makes light pulse only need to be by one in decoding
Thus secondary phase-modulator is conducive to reduce the insertion loss of receiving end, improves system effectiveness.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the quantum key distribution phase decoding method of point polarization difference control of one preferred embodiment of the utility model
Flow chart；
Fig. 2 is the quantum key distribution phase decoding device of point polarization difference control of one preferred embodiment of the utility model
Composed structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the quantum key distribution phase decoding dress of point polarization difference control of another preferred embodiment of the utility model
The composed structure schematic diagram set；
Fig. 4 is the quantum key distribution phase decoding dress of point polarization difference control of another preferred embodiment of the utility model
The composed structure schematic diagram set；
Fig. 5 is the quantum key distribution phase decoding dress of point polarization difference control of another preferred embodiment of the utility model
The composed structure schematic diagram set.
Specific embodiment
Specifically describe the preferred embodiment of the utility model with reference to the accompanying drawing, wherein attached drawing constitutes the application one
Point, and be used to illustrate the principles of the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention.For purpose of clarity and simplification, when it
When the theme of the utility model may be made smudgy, to the detailed specific of the known function and structure of device described herein
Illustrate to omit.
A kind of quantum key distribution phase decoding method of point of polarization difference control of one preferred embodiment of the utility model
As shown in Figure 1, comprising the following steps:
Step S101: the input optical pulse all the way of random polarization state is incident on to the interference including beam splitter and bundling device
Instrument, using by the beam splitter by the input optical pulse beam splitting as first via light pulse and the second tunnel light pulse.
Incident input optical pulse is random polarization state, can be linear polarization, circular polarization or elliptical polarization
Complete polarized light is also possible to partial poolarized light or non-polarized light.
Incident input optical pulse can be regarded as to be made of two orthogonal polarisation states.Naturally, the two-way light that beam splitting obtains
Pulse can also be regarded as equally to be made of two orthogonal polarisation states identical with incident input optical pulse.
Beam splitter can be 50:50 fiber coupler, and it is two-way that incident input optical pulse all the way, which is pressed 50:50 beam splitting,
Light pulse.
Step S102: the first via light pulse and the second tunnel are transmitted along the first arm of the interferometer and the second arm respectively
Light pulse, and beam output will be closed by the bundling device after the first via light pulse and the second tunnel light pulse progress relative time delay.
It in the method, can be to the input optical pulse before beam splitting or in the beam splitter beam splitting to the conjunction beam
Device close beam during in the first via light pulse and the second tunnel light pulse at least all the way light pulse according to quantum key
Distribution protocol carries out phase-modulation.
Here, relative time delay and phase-modulation are carried out according to the requirement and regulation of quantum key distribution agreement, are not made herein
It is described in detail.
Method according to the present utility model, can be to the first via light pulse transmitted respectively along the first arm and the second arm and the
Any road light pulse in two tunnel light pulses carries out polarization diversity processing, or to first via light pulse and the second tunnel light pulse two
Person carries out polarization diversity processing respectively.
For carrying out polarization diversity processing to the first via light pulse transmitted along first arm, for the first via light
Pulse: being the mutually orthogonal two-way polariton light pulse of polarization state by the first via light pulse polarization beam splitting, along two strip optical paths
The two-way polariton light pulse is transmitted, is then the first via light pulse along institute by two-way polariton light pulse conjunction beam
It states the first arm and is transmitted to the bundling device.
Method according to the present utility model controls each leisure interference of two orthogonal polarisation states of the input optical pulse
The phase difference transmitted in instrument through first arm and the second arm differs the integral multiple of 2 π.
For example, it is assumed that the two orthogonal polarisation states are respectively x-polarisation state and y-polarisation state, by x-polarisation state at described point
The phase meter that bundling device described in beam device beam splitting transmits during closing beam through the first arm and the second arm is shown as Δ x, by y-polarisation state
The phase meter transmitted during beam is closed in the beam splitter beam splitting to the bundling device through the first arm and the second arm is shown as Δ
Y then closes beam in the beam splitter beam splitting to the bundling device in each comfortable interferometer of the two of input optical pulse orthogonal polarisation state
The integral multiple that the phase difference that period transmits through the first arm and the second arm differs 2 π can indicate are as follows:
Δ x-Δ y=2 π .m,
Wherein m is integer, can be positive integer, negative integer or zero.
It is passed in each leisure interferometer of two orthogonal polarisation states to realize input optical pulse through the first arm and the second arm
Defeated phase difference differs the integral multiple of 2 π, can be using any or any combination thereof in following means:
● to the light pulse polarization beam splitting all the way for being subjected to polarization diversity processing in first via light pulse and the second tunnel light pulse
At least one of obtained two-way polariton light pulse carries out phase controlling.To the first via light arteries and veins transmitted along first arm
It rushes in for the processing of row polarization diversity, in this case: can be along first via light arteries and veins described in the two strips optic path
Phase control is carried out at least one of this two-way polariton light pulse during rushing the two-way polariton light pulse that polarization beam splitting obtains
System.For example, carrying out phase controlling at least one of this two-way polariton light pulse can include: adjust this two-way polarization sub-light arteries and veins
The phase of any road polariton light pulse in punching, or adjust the polariton light pulse Zhong Mei road polariton light pulse of this two-way
Phase.For example, as needed, optical fiber phase shift can be configured on the sub-light road for transmitting one of this two-way polariton light pulse
Device or phase-modulator, or in every strip optical path of transmission this two-way polariton light pulse Zhong Mei road polariton light pulse
Each configuration optical fiber phase shifter or phase-modulator, to pass through the optical fiber phase shifter or the corresponding polarization sub-light of phase-modulator adjustment
The transmission phase of pulse.Optical fiber phase shifter is suitable for being adjusted the length of the optical path where it and thus adjusting the light where it
The transmission phase of the light pulse of road transmission, is particularly suitable for the length adjustment of polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path.
● first arm and the second arm include that there are birefringent optical paths for described two orthogonal polarisation states, and/or
On first arm and the second arm have for described two orthogonal polarisation states, there are birefringent optical devices, in the case such as
Under controlled in each leisure interferometer of two orthogonal polarisation states of the input optical pulse describedly through first arm and
Two arms transmission phase difference difference: keep respectively in each leisure interferometer of the two orthogonal polarisation states along first arm with
Polarization state is constant when second arm transmits；And adjustment is there are the length of birefringent optical path and/or there are birefringent optical devices
Birefringent size so that being transmitted through first arm and the second arm in each leisure interferometer of the two orthogonal polarisation states
Phase difference differs the integral multiple of 2 π.Optionally, this can pass through following any realization: i) configure first arm and the second arm
For polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path, non-birefringent optical device is configured by the optical device on first arm and the second arm and/or polarization is protected
Hold optical device；Ii free space optical path) is configured by first arm and the second arm, by the light on first arm and the second arm
Device is configured to polarization and keeps optical device.It, can be at least one arm in first arm and the second arm in the case where i)
Configure polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher and/or birefringent phase modulator.Polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher is suitable for adjusting the optical path where it
Polarization maintaining optical fibre length.Birefringent phase modulator is suitable for applying different adjustable phases to by its two orthogonal polarisation states
Modulation, thus can be provided to influence and adjust in each comfortable interferometer of two orthogonal polarisation states of input optical pulse through described the
The difference of one arm and the phase difference of the second arm transmission.For example, birefringent phase modulator can be lithium niobate phase modulator, pass through
Control is applied to the voltage of lithium columbate crystal, can be respectively subjected to two orthogonal polarisation states by the phase-modulator
Phase-modulation is controlled and is adjusted.Birefringent phase modulator can be used for influencing and adjusting two of input optical pulse as a result,
The difference of the phase difference transmitted in each comfortable interferometer of orthogonal polarisation state through first arm and the second arm.
● free space optical path is configured by first arm and the second arm, by the light device on first arm and the second arm
Part is configured to non-birefringent optical device.In this case, described in each leisure of two orthogonal polarisation states of the input optical pulse
Polarization state is constant when transmitting in interferometer along first arm and the second arm, and each leisure of the two orthogonal polarisation states is described dry
It can be identical along the phase difference that first arm and the second arm transmit in interferometer.
Herein, " polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path " refers to the optical path or polarization maintaining optical fibre connection shape using polarization maintaining optical fibre transmission light pulse
At optical path." non-birefringent optical device ", which refers to, has identical folding for different polarization states (for example, two orthogonal polarisation states)
Penetrate the optical device of rate.In addition, polarization keeps optical device to be alternatively referred to as polarization-maintaining optical device.
It as described above, can be optionally during the bundling device of the beam splitter beam splitting of interferometer to interferometer closes beam
To in the first via light pulse and the second tunnel light pulse at least all the way light pulse according to quantum key distribution agreement carry out phase
Position modulation.Furthermore it is possible to first via light pulse and the second road Guang Mai to being transmitted respectively along the first arm of interferometer and the second arm
Both punchings or either of which carry out polarization diversity processing.Any road light pulse to polarization diversity processing is subjected to --- for example
First via light pulse --- following any realization can be passed through by carrying out phase-modulation: to first via light pulse before polarization beam splitting
Phase-modulation is carried out, or phase tune is carried out to first via light pulse after carrying out conjunction beam to corresponding two-way polariton light pulse
System, or polarization beam splitting to during carrying out conjunction beam to corresponding two-way polariton light pulse to this two-way polariton light pulse
Carry out identical phase-modulation.Light pulse to polarization diversity processing is not subjected to --- if any, such as the second road Guang Mai
Punching --- it may include: right during the bundling device of the beam splitter beam splitting of interferometer to interferometer closes beam for carrying out phase-modulation
Second tunnel light pulse carries out phase-modulation.
Carrying out phase-modulation to a light pulse can be realized by polarizing unrelated phase-modulator.Polarize unrelated phase-modulation
Device is suitable for carrying out identical phase-modulation to two orthogonal polarisation states of light pulse, so referred to as polarizing unrelated.Citing and
Speech, polarizing unrelated phase-modulator can be realized by two birefringent phase modulator serial or parallel connections.According to circumstances, Ke Yitong
A variety of specific meanss are crossed to realize phase-modulation.For example, these means can include: the length of modulation free space optical path, or
The length of modulation optical fiber, or utilize serial or parallel connection optical waveguide phase-modulator etc..For example, can be by being changed freely with motor
The length of space optical path realizes desired phase-modulation.For another example, it can be modulated by the fiber stretcher using piezoelectric effect
The length of optical fiber, is achieved in phase-modulation.In addition, phase-modulator can be suitable for voltage-controlled other types, pass through
Apply suitable voltage to polarizing unrelated phase-modulator to carry out identical phase tune to two orthogonal polarisation states of light pulse
System is, it can be achieved that desired phase-modulation.
A kind of quantum key distribution phase decoding device of point of polarization difference control of one preferred embodiment of the utility model
As shown in Fig. 2, include an interferometer, the interferometer include beam splitter 201, bundling device 205 and with 201 optical coupling of beam splitter
And with the first arm of 205 optical coupling of bundling device (in Fig. 2 above arm) and the second arm (following arm in Fig. 2).The of interferometer
A point polarization difference control device is provided on one arm, this point polarization difference control device includes polarization beam apparatus 202, polarization coupling
Device 203 and merge with 202 optocoupler of polarization beam apparatus with two strip optical paths of 203 optical coupling of polarization beam combiner.It is set on second arm
It is equipped with phase-modulator 204.
Beam splitter 201 is used to be first via light pulse and the by the beam splitting of input optical pulse all the way of incident random polarization state
Two tunnel light pulses.
First arm and the second arm are used to transmit the first via light pulse and the second tunnel light pulse respectively, and for realizing institute
State the relative time delay of first via light pulse and the second tunnel light pulse.
Bundling device 205 is used to the first via light pulse through relative time delay and the second tunnel light pulse closing beam output.
Phase-modulator 204 is used to carry out phase according to quantum key distribution agreement to the light pulse through the arm transmission where it
Position modulation.
Polarization beam apparatus 202 is used to be that the mutually orthogonal two-way of polarization state is polarized by the first via light pulse polarization beam splitting
Sub-light pulse.
The two strips optical path for transmitting the two-way polariton light pulse respectively.
Polarization beam combiner 203 is used to the two-way polariton light pulse come through the two strips optic path closing beam
The first via light pulse is transmitted to bundling device 205 along first arm.
For the phase decoding device of Fig. 2, first arm and the second arm and optical device thereon are constructed such that, institute
State the phase transmitted in each leisure interferometer of two orthogonal polarisation states of input optical pulse through first arm and the second arm
The integral multiple of 2 π of difference difference.
It can be long by adjusting optical path physics any in the first arm and the second arm between beam splitter 201 and bundling device 205
Spend the relative time delay to realize two-way sub-light pulse.
Phase-modulator 204 can be the unrelated phase-modulator of polarization, including having carried out birefringence-compensated doublet refractor
Part (such as being realized by two birefringent phase modulators of serial or parallel connection) or above-mentioned other polarize unrelated phase
Modulator.
A point polarization difference control device is provided on only the first arm although showing in Fig. 2, but it is also possible that only the second arm
On be provided with point on polarization difference control device or both the first arm and the second arm and be each provided with a point polarization and differ a control device.
Although point polarization difference control device in Fig. 2 has used polarization beam combiner 203, however it is possible that with polarization-maintaining coupling
Clutch replaces polarization beam combiner 203 to carry out conjunction beam to the light pulse of two-way polariton.
Although the interferometer in Fig. 2 is the structure of unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer, which can be using not
The structure of equiarm Michelson's interferometer.
In addition, although point polarization difference control device in Fig. 2 is the structure of Mach-Zehnder optical path, this point polarization
It is possible that control device, which is differed, using the structure of Michelson optical path.
Although Fig. 2 shows phase-modulator only is arranged on the second arm, but it is also possible that phase only is arranged on the first arm
Position modulator or one phase-modulator of each setting on both the first arm and the second arm.It is each on both the first arm and the second arm
In the case where a phase-modulator is arranged, the difference for the phase that two phase-modulators are modulated is true by quantum key distribution agreement
It is fixed.In addition, phase-modulation can be arranged in 201 front end of beam splitter instead of in the upper setting phase-modulator of one or both of two-arm
Device carries out phase-modulation according to quantum key distribution agreement to the input optical pulse before beam splitting.
The phase decoding device of Fig. 2 can optionally have any or any combination thereof in following setting:
● first arm and the second arm are polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path, and the optical device on first arm and the second arm is polarization
Keep optical device and/or non-birefringent optical device.
● the phase decoding device further include: polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher, the polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher are located at described the
On any arm in one arm and the second arm, for adjusting the polarization maintaining optical fibre length of the arm where it；And/or birefringent phase modulation
Device, the birefringent phase modulator are located on any arm in first arm and the second arm, for the light arteries and veins by it
Two orthogonal polarisation states of punching apply different adjustable phase-modulations.
● at least one sub-light road in the two strips optical path is provided with optical fiber phase shifter or phase-modulator, described
Optical fiber phase shifter or phase-modulator are used to adjust the transmission phase of the polariton light pulse through the sub- optic path where it.
● the interferometer uses the structure of unequal arm Michelson's interferometer, the beam splitter and bundling device of the interferometer
For same device, the interferometer further include: the first reflecting mirror on first arm, for the interferometer will to be come from
The first via light pulse come through first arm transmission of beam splitter be reflected back the bundling device of the interferometer；Positioned at institute
The second reflecting mirror on the second arm is stated, for it will come from the beam splitter of the interferometer through second arm transmission described in
Second tunnel light pulse is reflected back the bundling device of the interferometer.
● described point of polarization difference control device uses the structure of Michelson optical path, and the polarization beam apparatus and polarization close
Beam device is same device, and described point of polarization difference control device further includes two reflecting mirrors, wherein in described two reflecting mirrors
In one strip optical path being located in the two strips optical path, for will be from the polarization beam apparatus through a strip
The polariton light pulse that optic path is come is reflected back the polarization beam combiner；Another in described two reflecting mirrors is positioned at described
In another strip optical path in two strip optical paths, for will be from the polarization beam apparatus through another strip optic path
The polariton light pulse come is reflected back the polarization beam combiner, wherein the interferometer uses unequal arm Michelson as described above
The structure of interferometer, the first reflecting mirror are one of described two reflecting mirrors of described point of polarization difference control device.
● the interferometer uses the structure of unequal arm Michelson's interferometer, the input terminal of the interferometer as described above
One of mouth and output port are same port, and the interferometer further includes optical circulator, and the optical circulator is located at the interference
The first port of the beam splitter front end of instrument, input optical pulse all the way from the optical circulator of the random polarization state of the incidence is defeated
Enter and exports the bundling device to the beam splitter of the interferometer, from the interferometer from the second port of the optical circulator
Beam output is closed to be input to the second port of the optical circulator and export from the third port of the optical circulator.
It, can be optionally in the case where being provided with polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher on the first arm of interferometer and/or the second arm
Polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher is used as phase-modulator, for carrying out phase-modulation to the light pulse through the arm transmission where it.
In the case where being each provided with optical fiber phase shifter in the two strips optical path, optionally optical fiber phase shifter can be used
Make phase-modulator, for carrying out identical phase-modulation to two-way polariton light pulse.
A kind of quantum key distribution phase decoding dress of point of polarization difference control of another preferred embodiment of the utility model
Set as shown in figure 3, include consisting of part: polarization-maintaining beam splitter 303, polarization beam apparatus 304, polarization maintaining optical fibre phase shifter 305, partially
Shake bundling device 306, phase-modulator 307 and polarization-maintaining bundling device 308.
Input terminal of one of two ports 301 and 302 of 303 side of polarization-maintaining beam splitter as phase decoding device.Polarization-maintaining
Output port of one of two ports 309 and 310 of 308 side of bundling device as phase decoding device.Polarization-maintaining beam splitter 303,
Polarization-maintaining bundling device 308 and two arms therebetween constitute a polarization-maintaining Mach-Zender interferometer.Polarization beam apparatus 304, polarization close
Beam device 306 and two strip optical paths therebetween totally can be described as a point polarization difference control device.This point polarization difference control device and
Phase-modulator 307 is inserted into the two-arm of Mach-Zender interferometer respectively.Polarization maintaining optical fibre phase shifter 305 is inserted into this point and polarizes phase
One of two strip optical paths of poor control device.
When work, port 301 or 302 entrance polarization-maintaining beam splitter 303 of the input optical pulse through polarization-maintaining beam splitter 303, and by
Polarization-maintaining beam splitter 303 is beamed into two-way light pulse.Light pulse all the way in this two-way light pulse --- for convenience, this is all the way
Light pulse is hereinafter also referred to be first via light pulse --- sub-light arteries and veins is polarized by 304 polarization beam splitting of polarization beam apparatus for two-way
Punching；This two-way polariton light pulse is closed through two strip optic paths to polarization beam combiner 306, and by polarization beam combiner 306 respectively
Beam is transmitted to polarization-maintaining bundling device 308 along first arm for first via light pulse.Another way light arteries and veins in the two-way light pulse
Punching --- for convenience, which is hereinafter also referred to be the second tunnel light pulse --- phase modulated device 307
Polarization-maintaining bundling device 308 is transmitted to after carrying out phase-modulation.It is transmitted to the first via light arteries and veins through relative time delay of polarization-maintaining bundling device 308
Punching and the second tunnel light pulse are exported after polarization-maintaining bundling device 308 closes beam by port 309 or 310.It is carried out to first via light pulse
Polarization beam splitting can be passed through the sub-light road where polarization maintaining optical fibre phase shifter 305 by 305 Duis of polarization maintaining optical fibre phase shifter to during closing beam
Defeated polariton light pulse carries out phase adjustment.
Phase-modulator 307 is to polarize unrelated device, (such as logical including having carried out birefringence-compensated birefringent device
Two birefringent phase modulators for crossing serial or parallel connection are realized) or other above-mentioned unrelated phase-modulators of polarization.
An optical fiber phase shifter can be respectively inserted by being divided to two strip optical paths of polarization difference control device.In this case, it is possible to
Identical phase-modulation is carried out to two-way polariton light pulse by two optical fiber phase shifters in this two strips optical path, it is thus real
The phase-modulation function of existing phase-modulator 307；I.e., it is possible to omit phase-modulator 307.
In addition, the same of Mach-Zender interferometer can be inserted in this point polarization difference control device and phase-modulator 307
One arm, and the above-mentioned course of work is unaffected.
A kind of quantum key distribution phase decoding dress of point of polarization difference control of another preferred embodiment of the utility model
Set as shown in figure 4, include consisting of part: polarization-maintaining beam splitter 403, polarization beam apparatus 404, polarization maintaining optical fibre phase shifter 405, partially
Shake bundling device 406, phase-modulator 408 and reflecting mirror 407 and 409.
Two ports 401 and 402 of 403 side of polarization-maintaining beam splitter can be used as input terminal and the output of phase decoding device
End.Polarization-maintaining beam splitter 403, two two between reflecting mirror 407 and 409 and polarization-maintaining beam splitter 403 and the two reflecting mirrors
Arm constitutes a polarization-maintaining Michelson's interferometer.Polarization beam apparatus 404, polarization beam combiner 406 and two strip optical paths therebetween
It totally can be described as a point polarization difference control device.This point polarization difference control device and phase-modulator 408 are inserted into mikey respectively
The two-arm of your inferior interferometer.Polarization maintaining optical fibre phase shifter 405 is inserted into any in two strip optical paths of this point polarization difference control device.
When work, port 401 entrance polarization-maintaining beam splitter 403 of the input optical pulse for example through polarization-maintaining beam splitter 403, and by
Polarization-maintaining beam splitter 403 is beamed into two-way light pulse.Light pulse all the way in this two-way light pulse --- for convenience, this is all the way
Light pulse is hereinafter also referred to be first via light pulse --- sub-light arteries and veins is polarized by 404 polarization beam splitting of polarization beam apparatus for two-way
Punching；This two-way polariton light pulse is closed through two strip optic paths to polarization beam combiner 406, and by polarization beam combiner 406 respectively
Beam is that first via light pulse is transmitted to reflecting mirror 407 along first arm and is reflected by reflecting mirror 407.The two-way light arteries and veins
Another way light pulse in punching --- for convenience, which is hereinafter also referred to be the second tunnel light pulse ---
Phase modulated device 408 is transmitted to reflecting mirror 409 after carrying out phase-modulation and is reflected by reflecting mirror 409.It is reflected
It is for example exported by port 402 after polarization-maintaining beam splitter 403 closes beam through the first via light pulse of relative time delay and the second tunnel light pulse.
Polarization beam splitting is being carried out to during closing beam to first via light pulse, can moved through polarization maintaining optical fibre by 405 Duis of polarization maintaining optical fibre phase shifter
The polariton light pulse of sub- optic path where phase device 405 carries out phase adjustment.
Input optical pulse inputs by port 402, exported by port 401 or input optical pulse by same port input and
Output, the above-mentioned course of work are unaffected.
Phase-modulator 408 is to polarize unrelated device, (such as logical including having carried out birefringence-compensated birefringent device
Two birefringent phase modulators for crossing serial or parallel connection are realized) or other above-mentioned unrelated phase-modulators of polarization.
An optical fiber phase shifter can be respectively inserted by being divided to two strip optical paths of polarization difference control device.In this case, it is possible to
Identical phase-modulation is carried out to two-way polariton light pulse by two optical fiber phase shifters in this two strips optical path, it is thus real
The phase-modulation function of existing phase-modulator 408；I.e., it is possible to omit phase-modulator 408.
In addition, the same of Michelson's interferometer can be inserted in this point polarization difference control device and phase-modulator 408
Arm, and the above-mentioned course of work is unaffected.
A kind of quantum key distribution phase decoding dress of point of polarization difference control of another preferred embodiment of the utility model
It sets as shown in figure 5, including consisting of part: polarization-maintaining beam splitter 503, polarization beam apparatus 504, polarization maintaining optical fibre phase shifter 505, phase
Position modulator 508 and reflecting mirror 506,507 and 509.
Two ports 501 and 502 of 503 side of polarization-maintaining beam splitter can be used as input terminal and the output of phase decoding device
End.The first arm, polarization-maintaining beam splitter 503 between polarization-maintaining beam splitter 503, polarization-maintaining beam splitter 503 and two reflecting mirrors 506 and 507
The second arm and reflecting mirror 506,507,509 between reflecting mirror 509 constitute a polarization-maintaining Michelson's interferometer.Polarization
Beam splitter 504, two two strip optical paths between reflecting mirror 506 and 507 and polarization beam apparatus 504 and the two reflecting mirrors
It totally can be described as a point polarization difference control device.This point polarization difference control device and phase-modulator 508 are inserted into mikey respectively
The two-arm of your inferior interferometer.Polarization maintaining optical fibre phase shifter 505 is inserted into any in two strip optical paths of this point polarization difference control device.
When work, port 501 entrance polarization-maintaining beam splitter 503 of the input optical pulse for example through polarization-maintaining beam splitter 503, and by
Polarization-maintaining beam splitter 503 is beamed into two-way light pulse.Light pulse all the way in this two-way light pulse --- for convenience, this is all the way
Light pulse is hereinafter also referred to be first via light pulse --- sub-light arteries and veins is polarized by 504 polarization beam splitting of polarization beam apparatus for two-way
Punching；This two-way polariton light pulse is transmitted separately to reflecting mirror 506 and 507 through two strip optical paths respectively and respectively by reflecting mirror
506 and 507 are reflected back polarization beam apparatus 504, and are passed for first via light pulse along the first arm by 504 polarization coupling of polarization beam apparatus
Transport to polarization-maintaining beam splitter 503.Another way light pulse in the two-way light pulse --- for convenience, the another way light pulse
Hereinafter also referred to it is the second tunnel light pulse --- phase modulated device 508 is transmitted to reflecting mirror 509 after carrying out phase-modulation, and
Polarization beam apparatus 503 is reflected back by reflecting mirror 509.The reflected first via light pulse through relative time delay and the second road Guang Mai
Punching is for example exported by port 502 after polarization-maintaining beam splitter 503 closes beam.Polarization beam splitting is being carried out to the conjunction beam phase to first via light pulse
Between, the 505 pairs of polariton light pulses through the sub- optic path where polarization maintaining optical fibre phase shifter 505 of polarization maintaining optical fibre phase shifter can be passed through
Carry out phase adjustment.
Input optical pulse inputs by port 502, exported by port 501 or input optical pulse by same port input and
Output, the above-mentioned course of work are unaffected.
Phase-modulator 508 is to polarize unrelated device, (such as logical including having carried out birefringence-compensated birefringent device
Two birefringent phase modulators for crossing serial or parallel connection are realized) or other above-mentioned unrelated phase-modulators of polarization.
An optical fiber phase shifter can be respectively inserted by being divided to two strip optical paths of polarization difference control device.In this case, it is possible to
Identical phase-modulation is carried out to two-way polariton light pulse by two optical fiber phase shifters in this two strips optical path, it is thus real
The phase-modulation function of existing phase-modulator 508；I.e., it is possible to omit phase-modulator 508.
In addition, the same of Michelson's interferometer can be inserted in this point polarization difference control device and phase-modulator 508
Arm, and the above-mentioned course of work is unaffected.
The phase decoding device of the utility model, the phase decoding device as shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4 or Fig. 5, interferometer
Two-arm and the two-arm on optical device be constructed such that, each comfortable interference of two orthogonal polarisation states of input optical pulse
The phase difference transmitted in instrument through this two-arm differs the integral multiple of 2 π.In addition, in the upper light transmitted of at least one of described two-arm
Pulse carries out polarization diversity processing, is thus divided to the transmission phase of two orthogonal polarisation states of Polarization Control input optical pulse, so that
It is easily achieved the difference of above-mentioned phase difference.
Herein, term " beam splitter " and " bundling device " are used interchangeably, and beam splitter is also referred to as and as bundling device, instead
?.Term " polarization beam apparatus " and " polarization beam combiner " are used interchangeably, and polarization beam apparatus is also referred to as and as polarization
Bundling device, vice versa
The quantum that can be controlled in point polarization difference that the receiving end of quantum key distribution system configures the utility model is close
Key distributes phase decoding device, is used for phase decoding.This reality is configured alternatively, it is also possible to the transmitting terminal in quantum key distribution system
With the quantum key distribution phase decoding device of novel point polarization difference control, it to be used for phase code.
It should be able to be the technology hand reaching predetermined purpose and being taken to the utility model by the explanation of specific embodiment
Section and effect have more deeply and it is specific understand, however appended diagram is only to provide reference and description and is used, and is not used to pair
The utility model limits.
Claims (9)
1. the quantum key distribution phase decoding device of a kind of point of polarization difference control, for one to incident random polarization state
Road input optical pulse carries out phase decoding, which is characterized in that the phase decoding device includes interferometer, and the interferometer includes
Beam splitter, the first bundling device and merge with the beam splitter optocoupler with the first arm and second of the first bundling device optical coupling
Arm, wherein the beam splitter is coupled to first bundling device through first arm and the second arm, the phase decoding device is also
With the interferometer front end or the phase-modulator at least one of first arm and the second arm is located at, wherein extremely
Be provided with a point polarization difference control device on few first arm, described point of polarization differ control device include polarization beam apparatus,
Second bundling device and merge with the polarization beam apparatus optocoupler with two strip optical paths of the second bundling device optical coupling, wherein
The polarization beam apparatus is coupled to second bundling device through the two strips optical path, wherein first arm and the second arm and its
On optical device be configured so that in each leisure interferometer of two orthogonal polarisation states of the input optical pulse through described
One arm and the phase difference of the second arm transmission differ the integral multiple of 2 π.
2. the quantum key distribution phase decoding device of according to claim 1 point of polarization difference control, which is characterized in that
First arm and the second arm are polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path, and the optical device on first arm and the second arm is that polarization keeps optical device
And/or non-birefringent optical device.
3. the quantum key distribution phase decoding device of according to claim 1 point of polarization difference control, which is characterized in that
The phase decoding device further include:
Polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher, the polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher are located on any arm in first arm and the second arm；And/or
Birefringent phase modulator, the birefringent phase modulator are located on any arm in first arm and the second arm.
4. the quantum key distribution phase decoding device of according to claim 1 point of polarization difference control, which is characterized in that
The phase-modulator includes:
Phase-modulator positioned at the interferometer front end；Or
Phase-modulator on second arm；Or
Phase-modulator on the first arm is set before the polarization beam apparatus, or after second bundling device
Phase-modulator on the first arm is set, or two phase-modulators being located in the two strips optical path.
5. the quantum key distribution phase decoding device of according to claim 1 point of polarization difference control, which is characterized in that
At least one sub-light road in the two strips optical path is provided with optical fiber phase shifter or phase-modulator.
6. the quantum key distribution phase decoding device of according to claim 1 point of polarization difference control, which is characterized in that
The interferometer uses the structure of unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer；Or
The interferometer uses the structure of unequal arm Michelson's interferometer, and the beam splitter of the interferometer and the first bundling device are
Same device, the interferometer further include:
The first reflecting mirror on first arm, for that will be passed from the beam splitter of the interferometer through first arm
Defeated next light pulse is reflected back first bundling device；
The second reflecting mirror on second arm, for that will be passed from the beam splitter of the interferometer through second arm
Defeated next light pulse is reflected back first bundling device.
7. the quantum key distribution phase decoding device of according to claim 6 point of polarization difference control, which is characterized in that
Described point of polarization difference control device uses the structure of Mach-Zehnder optical path；Or
Described point of polarization difference control device uses the structure of Michelson optical path, and the polarization beam apparatus and the second bundling device are
Same device, described point of polarization difference control device further includes two reflecting mirrors, wherein a position in described two reflecting mirrors
In a strip optical path in the two strips optical path, for that will be passed from the polarization beam apparatus through the strip optical path
Defeated next light pulse is reflected back second bundling device；Another in described two reflecting mirrors is located in the two strips optical path
Another strip optical path on, the light pulse for that will come from the polarization beam apparatus through another strip optic path is anti-
It is emitted back towards second bundling device, wherein the interferometer uses the structure of unequal arm Michelson's interferometer, described two reflections
One of mirror is first reflecting mirror.
8. the quantum key distribution phase decoding device of point polarization difference control described according to claim 1~any one of 6,
It is characterized in that, second bundling device is polarization-maintaining coupler or polarization beam combiner.
9. a kind of quantum key distribution system, which is characterized in that the quantum key distribution system includes:
The quantum key distribution phase decoding device of point polarization difference control described according to claim 1~any one of 8,
The receiving end of the quantum key distribution system is set, phase decoding is used for；And/or
The quantum key distribution phase decoding device of point polarization difference control described according to claim 1~any one of 8,
The transmitting terminal of the quantum key distribution system is set, phase code is used for.
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| CN110493001A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-11-22 | 中国电子科技集团公司电子科学研究院 | A kind of continuous variable quantum key distribution system |
| CN114745108A (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2022-07-12 | 广西大学 | Silicon-based integrated double-field quantum key distribution coding chip |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110493001A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-11-22 | 中国电子科技集团公司电子科学研究院 | A kind of continuous variable quantum key distribution system |
| CN114745108A (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2022-07-12 | 广西大学 | Silicon-based integrated double-field quantum key distribution coding chip |
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