CN1090375A - Rotary engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of employing fixed shaft gear train, the rotary engine of articulated four pole mechanism and double crank mechanism, opened up the totally-enclosed thermodynamic cycle of vaporization supercharging in the brand-new chamber with fuel double as freezing mixture, with low compression ratio, big expansion ratio, high workload pressure and lower operating temperature obtain the thermal efficiency near ideal value, can use air inlet, three strokes and two of work done/exhaust, the four stroke cycle mode is worked, compression ratio, expansion ratio, the length of aspirating stroke and power stroke is than adjustable, realized the multipole stepless regulating of power and efficient, have the good service behaviour of all kinds of motors concurrently, can become brute force, efficiently, at a high speed, light-duty, the long life motor has wide application prospect.

Description

Rotary engine

The invention belongs to engine art, relate to internal-combustion engine, gas-liquid press, motor and pump.

Since motor comes out, the change and the improvement of countless how many times have been experienced, motor miscellaneous has appearred, as reciprocating-piston engine such as the steamer that is widely known by the people, petrol engine, diesel engine, the three-apexed rotor rotary engine, steam turbine, gas turbine and air breathing engine, they have obtained large-area promotion and application with its particular performances in different field, brought into play enormous function in the development of the national economy.These motors also exist deficiency simultaneously, await updating, and as the huge heaviness of steamer equipment, the thermal efficiency is low, is substituted gradually.Steam turbine, the blade of gas turbine and air breathing engine is the structure that both sides are opened wide, and needs the huge blade of multilayer quantity to make full use of the interior energy of high-speed fuel gas, makes structure quite complicated and huge, only, use in the minority departments such as heat power station at space flight and large-scale nuclear energy.What be most widely used will belong to simple, small and exquisite, light relatively petrol engine of structure and diesel engine, in single-cylinder four-stroke cyclic process two Mondays, piston, connecting rod, crank are done eight variable accelerated motions, can produce acute vibration and the impact of splitting, cause strong wearing and tearing and huge noise, the distribution parts can't proper functioning when the high speed because of inertia, has limited reciprocating-piston engine to development at a high speed.Occurred the three-apexed rotor rotary engine afterwards, these problems are solved basically, but the eccentric distance e of rotary piston machine is relatively very little again, moment of torsion is lower, many performances also do not reach the level of reciprocating engine, occur the intake and exhaust overlap region during with peripheral intake, and another that walked the low-speed performance difference again is extreme.Adopt Otto formula circuit petrol engine to improve the thermal efficiency by increasing compression ratio, because of the restriction of fuel burning-point, compression ratio again can not be too big, generally has only 5～7.So theoretical thermal efficiency can only reach about 50%, and motor is in real work, the total amount of heat of fuel is pulled away about 36% with the tail gas of discharging, radiation system takes away about 20%, the mixed gas partial combustion loses 16% approximately, nearly 7% heat energy has also been lost in the friction of movement parts, only has sub-fraction to change effective merit into, and BTHE has only 20～30%.Adopt Di Saishi circuit diesel engine can reach very high to the compression ratio of air, theoretical thermal efficiency also can improve, and in fact compression ratio is big more, and the pressure and temperature when compression finishes is just high more.Can reach higher when firing, compressive strength and resistance to high temperature to material have proposed very high request, cause the active chamber internal-external temperature difference to strengthen simultaneously, heat transfer rate is accelerated, dispersed heat increases, the expansion ratio deficiency identical with compression ratio is so that temperature reduces a lot, the heat that high-temperature tail gas is taken away also can increase, and in addition, has done a lot of negative work in the compression stroke again, the limit efficiency of current material can not improve much by raising compression ratio, the thermal efficiency, owing to can only reach 28%～40%.Along with ceramic engine has appearred again in the development of new material, improve the thermal efficiency with improving the stronger explosive force of cylinder operation method of temperature acquisition, combustion gas incipient detonation temperature reach very high after, increased difficulty for reducing exhaust temperature again, reclaiming high-temperature tail gas heat energy will increase new equipment again, make structure complicated, bring serious problems such as high temperature lubricating inefficacy simultaneously again, always Yin Wendu is too high casts anchor malfunctioningly for the result, gets into a difficult position again.

The objective of the invention is the variety of issue that exists in the above motor in order thoroughly to overcome, a kind of simple structure is provided, the rotary engine of brand-new, the efficient thermodynamic cycle of principle, can eliminate vibration, reduce noise, pollution abatement, reduce operating temperature, increase working pressure, improve the output power and the thermal efficiency, and can be combined into various forms, power is pressed any direction transmission according to the different operating needs.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this: the oscillating rectilinear motion that changes piston is the rotation round motion of power gear and inscribe annulus, cylinder makes ring and crescent moon cylinder into by straight tubular thereupon, change semi-open-type blade numerous in the steam turbine into a few or single totally-enclosed power tooth and post hinged plate, adopt and distinct thermodynamic cycle in the past, by reducing temperature rise, improve expansionization, reduce to compress little, until removing compression stroke, adopt the air inlet work done, three stroke cycle modes of exhaust are simultaneously worked, in the chamber of calming the anger, add the fuel spontaneous combustion when preventing high compression ratio of the freezing mixture easily vaporize or sublimate, spray into the freezing mixture of critical temperature in the active chamber, the cooling supercharging makes tail gas pass cooling chamber again during vaporization, with the cooling liquid heat exchange, fully reclaim using waste heat from tail gas, constitute the totally-enclosed thermodynamic cycle of vaporization supercharging in the chamber, acquisition levels off to the thermal efficiency of ideal value under lower operating temperature.Be equipped with the fully-automatic sealing of simple and efficient, lubricated, cooling, distribution and ignition system guarantee motor normally operation under optimum Working.

Description of drawings is as follows:

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the two-way rotary engine of circumscribed two-wheel dicyclo cylinder.

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of cylinder body and end cap.

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the rotary engine of two hinged plate inscribe annulus gas compressors and the cooperation of circumscribed two-wheel dicyclo cylinder operation machine coplane.

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the circumscribed two-wheel dicyclo of the post hinge tooth cylinder rotary engine of rotating disk distribution.

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the circumscribed two-wheel rotary engine of post hinged plate.

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the two-way rotary engine of circumscribed two-wheel dicyclo cylinder three strokes.

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of clockwork spring bolt.

Fig. 8 is the structural representation that the straight trough post cuts with scissors straight connecting plate inscribe dicyclo rotary engine.

Fig. 9 is the structural representation of hinged slide block connecting plate inscribe dicyclo rotary engine.

Figure 10 is the schematic representation that twin columns hinged plate and straight trough post cut with scissors many plates of the many rings of dull and stereotyped integrated type inscribe rotary engine.

Figure 11～15th, several combined type fixed shaft gear train rotary engines.

Figure 16 is the elementary cell-ball two-wheel ball twin-tub rotary engine of fixed shaft gear train rotary engine.

Figure 17 is the schematic representation that the various serial rotary engine of fixed shaft gear train develops mutually.

Be that example explains the present invention with circumscribed two-wheel dicyclo cylinder plane type rotary engine in conjunction with the accompanying drawings now:

With reference to Fig. 1, the power gear (2) of a pair of outer gearing is installed in two ring-shape cylinder interals (1), the power gear wheel face is covered with sealing tooth (5), cylinder body and power gear surround the dual torus cylinder, and what have respectively on the power gear that a power tooth (4) and one gets deeply stuck in allows teeth groove (11), and sealing gland hinge (3) is housed in the power tooth, the power tooth is divided into inside and outside two-part with the dicyclo cylinder, inside is active chamber (7), and the outside is an exhaust cavity, power gear with splined on main shaft (12).Cylinder body central authorities symmetry is offered two " bifurcation " shape relief openings (6), and major arc shape compound of sand, clay, etc. for making earthenware (13) is housed in the casing wall, and compound of sand, clay, etc. for making earthenware is close to casing wall and is rotated, and makes Exhaust Open or closes.Referring to being axial flow or ring-current cooling chamber (39) in Fig. 3 cylinder body, snakelike heat conductive tube (38) is housed in the cooling chamber, the inlet of heat conductive tube connects with relief opening, and terminal links to each other with outlet pipe.The one-way valve of spring screw structure and the heat collector cavity (31) in hot arc district are housed on inboard wall of cylinder block, nozzle (34) and glow plug (19) or spark plug (45) also are installed on the casing wall.Referring to Fig. 2, the control structure of motor mainly concentrates on end cap.With the power gear joint place ring is set on the end cap and divides air drain (14), divide the air drain the inside that two movably trappings watt (15) are housed, in the trapping watt nozzle (16) is housed, vent (18), glow plug or spark plug, two trappings watt (15) will divide air drain (14) be divided into before in back three sections, leading portion is provided with suction port (21), unidirectional vent valve (33) inwall shirt is housed in the suction port eccentric adjusting sleeve (23).End cover surface adds the sealing cover (24) that lid layer and cylinder body profile match, and sealing cover central authorities offer circular ventilation mouth (25), and sealing column can be installed in the inside.End cover structure fully during symmetry, can be realized two-way rotation about the center.

Reciprocating-piston engine in the past is identical with expansion ratio because of compression ratio, improving thermal efficiency essence by increasing compression ratio is because the increase of expansion ratio just makes the thermal efficiency improve, and compression stroke is made negative work and can be consumed part energy, only improving efficient that compression ratio reduces, not increase same expansion more than the efficient of raising, the thermal efficiency as a result of whole process just is improved, and only improve expansion ratio now, reduce compression ratio on the contrary, finally remove compression stroke, adopt air inlet, work done, three stroke cycle modes of exhaust simultaneously, the thermal efficiency can significantly improve.For making working pressure be unlikely very low, vaporization boosting method in a whole set of the chamber of having made separate arrangements increases output power when improving the thermal efficiency.

Now the working procedure of three stroke rotary engines of vaporization supercharging mode in the chamber is done detailed explanation: with reference to Fig. 1, two power gear (2) are meshed, sealing tooth (5) flank of tooth compresses, central authorities are sealed, power tooth (4) with allow teeth groove (11) turn over the meshing zone to allow behind the tooth, power tooth (4) end face touches casing wall, with sealing gland hinge (3) is obturaged in active chamber (7) two ends, surrounds airtight active chamber.At this moment, allow teeth groove (11) just forward gas guide groove (20) top to, active chamber (7) is worked hard in glove with the suction port (21) in the gas guide groove, logical two power teeth (4) continue to run in the opposite direction to the both sides, working chamber volume enlarges, air or with the weak mixture of fuel oil from suction port (21) via gas guide groove (20), allow teeth groove (11) constantly enter active chamber (7), when allowing teeth groove forward trapping watt (15) top to, allow teeth groove (11) be sealed by trapping watt (a 15) leading portion, gas guide groove (20) is isolated with active chamber (7), and aspirating stroke finishes.Glow plug (19) and nozzle (16) in the regulating the qi flowing in the channels subsequently watt (15) expose in succession, spray the dense fuel-air mixed gas and the cooling water of critical temperature in nozzle, or spray into pressurized air or comburant oxygen again.Mixed gas touches electric heating wire, lights immediately, and the burning heat release, a part of high-temperature fuel gas is closed in the glow plug (19), is electric heating wire heating and insulation, and temperature maintenance is more than the fuel ignition temperature, for the igniting thermal source is prepared in circulation next time.The heat of combustion gas is passed to cooling water again, after the cooling water heat absorption back vaporization, produces very high pressure in cooling, and high-pressure water vapor and combustion gas propulsion power tooth (4) drive power gear (2) high speed rotating, externally output torque.Carry out one section approximate isothermal, after the isobaric expansion, the power gear end face sealing that glow plug (19) and nozzle (16) are turned over is isolated, and then carries out adiabatic expansion, when power tooth (4) turns over relief opening (6), the interior of steam and combustion gas can fully discharge, drop to low-temperature atmosphere-pressure by middle temperature high pressure, discharge, finish once circulation from relief opening, the chemical energy of fuel is transformed into the interior energy of steam and combustion gas, finally changes into mechanical energy.Subsequently, the main shaft (12) of high whole rotation and power gear (2) drive power tooth (4) and turn over the meshing zone, enter circulation next time.Cooling water has absorbed casing and tail gas dispersed heat, and temperature is elevated to critical temperature gradually, and critical water sprays into active chamber once more, and the vaporization supercharging in the work done of propulsion power tooth, is released relief opening by power tooth (4) with the waste gas that the last time circulation produces.Carry out air inlet, work done again and again, three stroke cycle of exhaust simultaneously, outside continuously outputting power like this.

Gas distribution system of the present invention is by the changeover valve control of end face or periphery, changes air inflow by the position of adjusting trapping watt, oil inlet quantity and spray into freezing mixture amount, regulate output power and efficient.Changeover valve is made up of a minute air drain (14) and trapping watt (15).Trapping is moved watt in minute air drain, each segment length of dividing air drain (14) to be separated by trapping watt (15) changes, the length of aspirating stroke and power stroke changes, enter the air fuel of active chamber and the amount of freezing mixture changes thereupon, emit different heats after the burning, the meeting temperature of combustion gas and steam is just different with pressure, and the length of isothermal, constant voltage and adiabatic expansion also can change, power stroke changes to the length ratio of aspirating stroke, thereby obtains the different thermal efficiency and output power.Motor can also external gas compressor and is combined control with throttle, press change to advance ullage with increasing air inlet, regulate oil inlet quantity, change and spray into fuel, the amount of combustion improver and freezing mixture, adjust power stroke to multiple modes such as the length of aspirating stroke compare, realized the multistage stepless regulated of the power and the thermal efficiency.

The not high steam of temperature and combustion gas in relative long cylinder fully expansion temperature can drop to very low, the heat of taking away with tail gas seldom, the thermal efficiency can be through reaching very high.Pressure has dropped to very lowly during exhaust, goes out when row lacks pipe and can not produce great airflow noise.What the present invention adopted is lean burn technology, and the carbon monoxide in the waste gas, hydrocarbon, nitride etc. have been harmful to into reducing significantly, have alleviated the pollution to environment.

The present invention can also offer ventilating hole control and cooperate in rotating shaft (12), or at the inner rotating disk (44) of installing of end cap, Fig. 4 is seen in the switching of control end face air distribution port, offers ventilating hole in the rotating disk, nozzle, glow plug or spark plug.Automatically control distribution, fuel feeding and igniting during dial rotation.

For the power that makes motor is evenly exported, suit oval gear in the rotating shaft, by different ratio transmissions, stable to guarantee output power, rotating speed is all permanent at different strokes.

The exchange switching of relief opening is to be controlled by the major arc shape compound of sand, clay, etc. for making earthenware (13) of inboard wall of cylinder block.Referring to Fig. 1, compound of sand, clay, etc. for making earthenware be close to casing wall and slide, two " Y " font relief openings (6) can be opened simultaneously, also can exchange switching.When motor need change sense of rotation, only need the exhaust close that will open originally, the Exhaust Open of closing is originally exchanged the position of both sides trapping watt again, just can realize the clockwise and anticlockwise commutation rapidly.

Its compression ratio of motor provided by the invention is very little, and automatic ignition device is arranged, so the kind of fuel is unrestricted, can use gasoline, diesel oil, alcohols, liquid hydrogen, liquid oxygen, water fuel, flowable explosive etc.Existing liquid fuel nearly all can use.Wherein Aalcohols fuel products of combustion cleaning, smoke-less pollution.The exploitation Aalcohols fuel is to alleviate the common concern that world's atmospheric pollution has caused society at present.Act as a fuel with the ethanol in the Aalcohols fuel and to have unrivaled advantage:

1, the solidifying point of ethanol is-119 ℃, and harsh climate can not freeze, and cold starting performance is good, is applicable to plateau, desert, glacier, polar region, moonfall exploration and interspace aerospace etc.

2, the vapourizing temperature of ethanol is 78 ℃, near normal temperature, and be in the best temperature range of lubricating status, the vaporization heat of ethanol is very big, in cooling chamber, flow, as cooling liquid, alcohol solution absorbs heat immediately to vaporize and lowers the temperature when operating temperature surpasses this temperature, thereby avoids the too high difficult formation oil film of temperature to make lubrication failure.Alcohol vapour after the vaporization can directly be pressed into the chamber of calming the anger and deliver to the active chamber burning again, can improve mixed gas and burning quality, can also save vaporizer, makes designs simplification.

3, the critical temperature of ethanol is 243 ℃, and critical pressure is 63 barometric pressure, vaporizes easily and liquefies, and makes motor obtain very high working pressure and output power under lower operating temperature.

4, the ethanol molecule carbon atoms is few and include oxygen atom, and the air quantity that needs during burning is few, and abundant after-flame is difficult for the carbonization carbon distribution easily.The lower calorific value of alcohol fuel is all more much lower than the lower calorific value of gasoline, diesel oil, can further improve the effective efficiency of motor.The alcohol vapour of volatilization is nontoxic, and smell is fragrant and mellow, also has the medical disinfecting effect, no atmospheric pollution.

5, ethanol has the combination property of inorganic solvent and organic solvent, can dissolve as iodine, water, the lubricated multiple material of wet goods.With the carrier of alcohol fuel double as freezing mixture and materials such as lubricant oil, additive, be convenient to tissue simple, efficiently the cooling and lubrication system.

6, ethanol wide material sources can utilize isolated ethene in the resourceful oil, carry out methods such as ethene aquation or wine choosing and make, and are cheap, good economy performance.

The present invention has taken into account these characteristics just and has preferentially selected alcohol fuel for use, and existing is example with alcohol fuel double as freezing mixture, and the totally-enclosed thermodynamic cycle working principle of vaporization supercharging in the chamber is done detailed elaboration:

For the purpose of directly perceived, please refer to the motor of structure shown in Figure 3.Ato unit, two hinged plate inscribe dicyclo gas compressors and circumscribed two-wheel dicyclo cylinder operation machine rotate synchronously with main shaft, two hinged plates (42) are being drawn the crescent moon cylinder slippage that surrounds along the inscribe annulus by inscribe annulus (29), two hinged plates (42) are separated into air aspiration cavity and the chamber of calming the anger with the crescent moon cylinder, air aspiration cavity increased gradually when main shaft rotated, constantly suck air from suction port (37), the chamber of calming the anger dwindles gradually the air aspiration cavity inhaled air is gradually reduced, when being compressed to a certain degree, in the nozzle in the chamber of calming the anger, spray into the ethanol steam fog, after continuing to be compressed to uniform temperature, the ethanol steam fog begins heat absorption vaporization cooling, be similar to isothermal compression, temperature rises gradually later on, pressure increases rapidly, when reaching the critical temperature of ethanol, the ethanol steam fog is all vaporized, calm the anger the subsequently outlet (36) in chamber and the inlet (41) of active chamber is communicated with by the ventilating hole of trapping tube (28) (30), high pressure mixing gas enters into active chamber, when two hinged plates forward corresponding point to, mixed gas all enters into active chamber, and by trapping tube (28) sealing, ventilation finishes the inlet of active chamber (41) again.Spark plug sparking on the casing wall immediately, light mixed gas, mixed gas burning rapidly carries out the constant volume heating, nozzle (34) from the casing wall sprays into the vaporific ethanol of critical temperature simultaneously, critical ethanol is vaporized immediately and is become steam, volume has moment to increase over thousands of times trend, can produce very high pressure, and high pressure steam and combustion gas propulsion power tooth drag power gear and the external start of main shaft high speed rotating.After one section isothermal and isobaric expansion, carry out adiabatic expansion again, the interior of steam and combustion gas can discharge, and temperature and pressure drop to critical temperature and below the pressure, became cold saturated vapour, and liquefaction gradually.After fully expanding, drop near pressing in the normal temperature by middle temperature high pressure, gases such as Ye Hua alcohol vapour and combustion gas pass relief opening (40) gradually, enter heat conductive tube (38), carry out heat exchange with the alcohol solution in the cooling chamber (39), the ethanol steam liquefies after emitting vaporization heat in a large number, ethanol drop after the liquefaction, water smoke, carbon dioxide, tail gas such as nitrogen, go out heat conductive tube, enter centrifugal gas-liquid separator, lighter carbon dioxide, waste gas such as nitrogen are discharged from central outlet pipe and are entered atmosphere, and ethanol drop that density is bigger and water smoke are thrown to and flow to bottom land condensation recovery on the wall.A condensed fluid part that reclaims is sprayed onto vaporization cooling in the chamber of calming the anger, and to avoid compression ignite, another part enters the heat collector cavity (31) in the hot arc of cylinder body district.The interior alcohol solution of cooling chamber in the heat transfer process (39) is vaporized some, the alcohol vapour of vaporization is pressed into and continues compression in the chamber of calming the anger or directly spray into the active chamber internal combustion, most of alcohol solution heat absorption back temperature raises, and enters heat collector cavity (31) during near critical temperature.Alcohol solution in the heat collector cavity has absorbed the active chamber dispersed heat, vaporize after reaching critical temperature and pressure, when becoming critical steam and treating that working pressure drops to certain value, back down one-way valve (33), rush in the active chamber, it is very high that active chamber pressure is gone back up to, and can obtain very high average working pressure and very big output power, it is recycling simultaneously the active chamber dispersed heat to be sent back to active chamber, constitutes totally-enclosed thermodynamic cycle.Outer wall of cylinder block covers thermal insulating warm-keeping layer (32), to reduce scattering and disappearing of heat, makes the totally-enclosed circuit thermal efficiency more level off to the desirable thermal efficiency.

Engine running is after a period of time, and the content of water increases gradually in the condensed fluid, and alcohol solution is diluted gradually, becomes the aqueous solution, later on condensed water as the freezing mixture supercharging of vaporizing.Unnecessary condensed water can emit, and can also collect, and through purified treatment, can be used as the domestic water of spaceship and deep sea submarine.

The critical temperature of water is 374 ℃, and critical pressure is 218 barometric pressure, and the normal pressure vaporization heat is 539 kilowatts/kilogram, is peak in various fuel.In a single day water can resolve into a large amount of hydrogen and oxygen rapidly with catalyzer under usual conditions, be used for the work done of burning again, and water will become the abundantest, the most cheap, cleaning, ideal fuels the most efficiently so.Water fuel double as freezing mixture is used on the various motors, adopts the totally-enclosed endless form work of vaporization supercharging simultaneously, can make the motor of same swept volume obtain the strongest explosive force, the maximum output power and the high thermal efficiency.

The sealing system of motor comprises: sealing tooth, sealing gland hinge, column articulated tooth, sealing gland ring, sealing gland bar, seal ring, sealing cover, movable end cover, clockwork spring bolt, eccentric adjusting sleeve.

Referring to accompanying drawing 1, the power gear wheel face is covered with sealing tooth (5), and the sealing tooth has Synchronous Transmission, pressurized seal, and the effect with decarbonizing is lubricated in sealing.Sealing tooth engagement driving makes power tooth (4) and allows teeth groove (11) rotation synchronously, guarantees to allow teeth groove accurately allow the power tooth.Power tooth and allow the tooth corridor curve of teeth groove be involute, cycloid or two circular arc conjugate curve, the power tooth with allow teeth groove allow in the tooth process engagement driving all the time, all extrude remaining in the waste gas that allows in the teeth groove.When the power tooth is wide maybe can not carry the time, need at least two pairs of power gear of coaxial complementary serial connection.The staggered solid matter of sealing tooth constitutes flexing bend (seeing Fig. 1 central authorities), plays the effect in labyrinth.Under the promotion of pressurized gas, unloaded power gear is passed to power by the engagement driving of sealing tooth and is with the power gear of carrying on the main shaft, together drives main axis rotation, outputting power.The sealing tooth is meshing with each other, and the flank of tooth compresses, and produce the pressure of hundreds of MPa between Surface of action, and the highest pressure of combustion gas has only tens MPas, and the high pressure oil film phonograph seal is arranged again between Surface of action, and the work intracavity gas can't pass through Surface of action.Because of error in addition causes the minimum gas of leakage, excessive direction is opposite with the direction of sealing tooth sense of rotation and meshing zone pressure difference, and excessive gas can be taken back active chamber with the rotation that seals tooth.The work intracavity gas is blockaded down at the heavy of this several roads barrier, has been perfectly safe in the meshing zone.Power gear is long-term use a large amount of wearing and tearing after, still can engagement driving, Surface of action pressure is still constant, the sealing gland effect is not to bate a jot of one's demands.Lubricated and the cooling of sealing tooth under High Temperature High Pressure carried out in the meshing zone.Offer two profit oilholes in end cap central authorities, the inside lubricant oil that flowing communicates with high pressure meshing zone and low-pressure engagement district respectively, play and drive the effect of carrying groove, can alleviate the entrap phenomenon between sealing tooth and teeth groove, can also utilize the pressure difference in high pressure engagement and low-pressure engagement district to constitute the miniature gears oil pump.The two ends, meshing zone form the lubricated district of sealing under the engagement sealing of sealing tooth, seal lubricated and cooling to the sealing tooth that is meshing.The carbon black and the abrasive dust that stick on the flank of tooth are scraped off by the sealing tooth of slide relative, take away with lubricant oil, voluntarily decarbonizing.Little oil pump oil pressure when high speed is very high, can be lubricated to other parts such as main shaft bearing fuel feeding, thus save outside oil pump, can also save external synchromesh gear, structure is greatly simplified.

Offer the groove that has cylindrical hole in the power tooth, sealing gland hinge (3) is equipped with in the inside, sealing gland hinge middle part is a cylindrical body, the top is the arc surface platform, one or two flat tongue (8) is stretched out in the one-sided or both sides of platform, make the sealing gland hinge rotate identical angle bigger radial expansion amount is arranged, sealing gland hinge bottom connects wearing piece (10), sealing gland hinge can be from the centre two sections of transversal one-tenth, section encloses and is wrapped in the seal the examinee's name on an exam-paper so as to prevent fraudulence sheet similar and identical to sealing gland hinge shape, in case the inside, gas leak cross section mounting spring is propped up to the both sides both ends of the surface of sealing gland hinge are pressed on two end caps of motor, produce friction with end cap when sealing gland hinge is rotated with the power tooth, the friction torque that the relative flat tongue with the friction torque on two end cap surface of friction plate (10) (8) produces will be greatly, and it is low early and high after along moving direction that sealing gland is cut with scissors (3) end face, the rear portion is near the upwards upset of flat tongue (8) of active chamber one side, lean against on the casing wall, high-pressure gas is pressed on the flat tongue, and flat tongue compresses casing wall, active chamber is obturaged, utilized the pressure of combustion gas to realize sealing gland.It is hinged that sealing gland hinge and cylinder groove in the power tooth constitute, and when turning over casing wall at a high speed and be interrupted the district, can not thrown away the power tooth by centrifugal force.Under the effect of friction torque, sealing gland hinge end face is low early and high after along moving direction, when turning over casing wall and be interrupted the district and cut casing wall once more, the flat tongue in sealing gland hinge front can not hit on casing wall and push up bad, sealing gland hinge end face and casing wall form wedge gap, offer through hole (9) in cylindrical body inside and introduce lubricant oil, can form high pressure carrying oil film, be convenient to carry out hydrldynamic pressure lubrication, can reduce friction and alleviate abrasion.During the flat tongue of two of sealing gland hinge top attachment, can realize two-way rotation, when motor only needs unidirectional rotation, a sealing gland hinge flat tongue of top attachment (35) gets final product (seeing shown in Figure 3), can save friction plate below, torsion spring is installed again, is leaned on the centrifugal force of the elastic force peace tongue of spring to produce upset, utilize the pressure of combustion gas to realize sealing gland.

Can develop into as shown in Figure 4 hinged tooth by same principle power tooth.Stretch out a connecting plate (40) on the wheel face of power running roller (2), connecting plate is terminal to be the cylinder hinge, and the hinged two cambered surface power teeth (4) that have cylinder groove outside the cylinder hinge constitute hinged tooth.With reference to Fig. 5, wheel rim in power gear is offered cylinder groove, torsion spring is installed below the hinged connecting plate (47) that has the cylinder hinge in the cylinder groove, connecting plate, can utilize friction torque and spring force to produce upset equally, utilize the pressure of gas or liquid to realize sealing gland or hydraulic seal.Referring to accompanying drawing 6.Two end faces at power gear and power tooth are offered seal groove (52), and the gentle strip of paper used for sealing of seal ring (57) (49) is installed in the seal groove.The seal ring cross section is: " U " font, in the time of can preventing high temperature thermal distortion excessive and stuck, seal ring bottom is outwards supported by waveform splinter (56), be pressed on the branch air drain (14), can prevent that high-temperature fuel gas is pressed in the gas guide groove, the mixed gas of the inside of igniting is avoided fried cylinder.Air hole is offered in power gear inside, leads to the power gear wheel face from seal groove, and the seal ring bottom is introduced in combustion gas, realizes sealing gland.Wavy spring (53) all is equipped with in the bottom of sealing gland bar (49) and side, and side spring compression sealing gland bar makes it lean against the seal groove opposite side, seals gas.High-pressure gas enters into the seal groove bottom from the space of wavy spring (53), hold up the sealing gland bar and compress end cover surface, forms sealing gland.Wavy spring is installed in sealing gland bar side, seal groove can be opened than wideer, the air inlet gap is increased, be beneficial to and carry out sealing gland at the bottom of combustion gas enters seal groove, wavy spring compresses the sealing gland bar from the side can prevent that the sealing gland bar is swung by frictional force and action of centrifugal force in seal groove, avoid the interruption gas leakage that causes thus.Can also prevent the excessive stuck phenomenon of sealing gland bar thermal distortion at high temperature.Power tooth bilateral symmetry is installed two sealing gland bars, can realize two-way sealing gland.Sealing gland bar and seal groove middle part alternately fluting hollow out, and form the rectangle tooth of snakelike section (50) or staggered butt joint.After sealing gland bar or seal wears, can extend and make the abrasion gap up, be lined with below snakelike section or the rectangle tooth and seal the examinee's name on an exam-paper so as to prevent fraudulence sheet, prevent that the sealed groove of gas from working hard in glove with and leak.Side wavy spring and snakelike segment structure are applicable to linear, the spring of different shapes such as circle, triangle, rectangle.

Fluting is installed dual torus seal ring (22) on two end caps of motor, and seal ring inside can be offered branch air drain (14) again, and transportable trapping watt (15) is installed in the inside.Seal ring bottom mounting spring is also offered through hole and is introduced gas or liquid, and two end faces of power gear are implemented sealing gland or fluid-tight.

Cushioning one deck sealing cover (24) on two end cover surface of motor, the shape of sealing cover and cylinder body profile match, and can move freely vertically in cylinder, are supported by spring below, are pressed on the power gear end face.Sealing cover central authorities are drilled with circular ventilation mouth (25), and combustion gas can enter into sealing cover (24) bottom from ventilation mouth (25), holds up sealing cover and compresses the power gear end face, implements sealing gland.Feed liquid in the sealing cover bottom and can also realize hydraulic seal, will closely embed sealing column this moment in circular ventilation mouth (25), and sealing column can move up and down in ventilation mouth, but can outwards not take off.Sealing column moves down under the promotion of combustion gas, and combustion gas pressure is passed to liquid, holds up sealing cover and compresses power gear, and the power gear end face is carried out hydraulic seal.

The both sides end cap of motor can be compressed into inner chamber of cylinder block, is pressed into or deviates from along axial direction, causes the change of end cover surface and power gear end face distance, be used as gas, hydraulic press, when motor and pump, this method can change the end discharge of power gear both sides gas or liquid, realizes stepless regulating.

The end cap of motor (58) by the clockwork spring Bolt Connection on cylinder body.The structure of clockwork spring bolt as shown in Figure 7, clockwork spring (59) is being twined in bolt (60) periphery, an end of clockwork spring is fixed on the bolt, the other end is fixed on the end cap.The power gear long-term operation, and seek living abrasion between the end cap, cylinder cap the pressure of power gear is reduced and with and be lower than normal value, clockwork spring (59) just can borrow the thing elastic force of self that bolt is screwed into cylinder body, end cap is compressed into cylinder body by bolt, keep the convenient pressure of cylinder cap, make power gear in long-term work, keep good sealing the power gear end face.

On the spindle bearing holder endoporus of motor and other axial workpiece of doing rotation motion eccentric adjusting sleeve (23) is housed.Eccentric adjusting sleeve is the sleeve of inside and outside circle decentraction, several eccentric adjusting sleeves closely are nested together, can constitute the concentric concentric sleeve of inside and outside circle, each eccentric adjusting sleeve relatively rotates, the interior round heart of entire sleeve and the distance between the cylindrical center of circle change, off-centre occurs, offset can be adjusted to each eccentric adjusting sleeve offset sum by zero stepless continuous.Cover revolving meber gyration center in the above also was offset thereupon when eccentric adjusting sleeve relatively rotated, thereby changed the distance between each revolving meber gyration center.Be in course of adjustment each face that closely cooperates of eccentric adjusting sleeve of centre distance can not go out a bit slit.Adjust the wearing clearance that eccentric adjusting sleeve can be used for remedying revolving meber, for example, the power gear long-term operation sealing tooth flank of tooth weares and teares in a large number, and backlash increases, though sealing can not reduce, but be easy to generate very big impact, this moment can the rotating eccentricity sleeve, and the centre distance of two rotating shafts reduces, and rotating shaft and power gear are drawn close to central authorities, the sealing tooth returns to normal backlash again near engagement.The eccentric adjusting sleeve of different densities material is nested together, constitute concentric sleeve, sleeve also can produce centrifugal force when together circle center turns round with one heart, adjust the relative angle of sleeve, the size of centrifugal force can change again, the centrifugal force that the centrifugal force that this method produces produces when can be used to the revolving meber revolution of balance deviation of gravity center realize the static and dynamic equilibrium of revolving meber, and overall structure is not seen off-centre.Eccentric adjusting sleeve can be widely used on axial workpiece and the supporting base thereof, in order to change the distance between the axle class revolving meber gyration center such as axle, circle, ring, cover, tube.

The workpiece of motor is the centering revolving meber, and tissue is lubricated easily can adopt variety of way to be lubricated.As oil leab circulation conveying lubricating oil is set, main shaft axle journal and each rubbing surface of power gear are implemented hydrldynamic pressure lubrication.For reducing surface friction drag, rolling bearing is all adopted in all supportings of motor, they are to be lubricated with the machine oil that infiltrates in fuel-air mixture, mixed gas is through rolling bearing the time, machine oil is attached to being lubricated on the bearing, carburretion heat absorption cooling bearing, and the fuel vapour after the vaporization is pressed into the chamber of calming the anger, can not reduce aeration quantity, deliver to the active chamber burning again.Adopt the lubricated and cooling of mixed gas, can save cooling, lubrication system in the machine, avoided machine oil in the water cooling unit at low temperatures viscosity increase problems such as the insufficient lubrication that brought and starting difficulty; So cold starting performance is good.

The cooling system of motor is to spray into freezing mixture at the active chamber and the inside, chamber of calming the anger, circulating cooling liquid at peripheral cooling chamber, absorb the vaporization heat cooling by when vaporization, cooling effectiveness is more high than water-cooled, oil cooling, mode such as air-cooled, and the reserves of cooling liquid are lacking than water cooling unit also.But the present invention's double as working machine, blower, infusion pump, oil pump etc.Each system can coaxial string together, complete machine structure is in light weight, boundary dimension is little.

The present invention has also adopted articulated four pole mechanism and double crank mechanism to develop into inscribe annulus rotary engine, can thoroughly eliminate the double vibrations of the reciprocating-piston engine that adopts slidercrank mechanism.Now that the structure brief introduction of this inscribe annulus rotary engine is as follows:

Adopt two hinged plate inscribe annulus rotary engines of articulated four pole mechanism, its structure is referring to Fig. 3 and shown in Figure 10.At least two annulus (29) phase inscribes that diameter is different, surround the crescent moon cylinder, all offer cylinder groove on each annulus or the cylinder hinge is installed, all there is the cylinder hinge at the connecting plate between the annulus (42) two ends or offers cylinder groove, annulus and connecting plate are mutually hinged, and connecting plate is divided into two-part with the crescent moon cylinder.Annulus is hinged by the twin columns hinged plate, can rotate in the same way around self axis, also can be that one of them annulus is fixed, and another annulus rolls along its internal surface and creeps.Under the driving of as received basis such as gas, liquid or prime mover, can become (see figure 10) when a plurality of hinged connecting plate is installed between per two annulus of various types of motors, the connecting plate internal recessing is made the hinged connecting plate of the variable-length that can elongate or shorten (79), perhaps connecting plate is made by the hinged multi-bar linkage of a plurality of connecting plates, straight trough (78) is offered in a cylinder hinge (77) the inside therein, the straight connecting plate (76) that another part has the cylinder hinge puts in the straight trough (78) of cylinder hinge (77), constitutes the hinged connecting plate of variable-length.Inside at the twin columns hinged plate is provided with through hole, feeds lubricant oil hinged fitting surface and the tangent place of annulus are lubricated.Eccentric adjusting sleeve (23) is housed on the annulus, is used for adjusting tightness degree that the inside and outside circle ring cutting closes and as counterweight.Be used as gas, hydraulic press, pneumatic motor, oil hydraulic motor, air pump, oil hydraulic pump or gas are during fluid drive, adjust eccentric adjusting sleeve, change the distance between the inside and outside tangent surface of annulus, the slit that produces different in width, high pressure intracavity gas or liquid flow in the low-pressure cavity from the slit, leakage in various degree appears, cause the change of two cavity pressure differences, thereby change output power and rotating speed, realize stepless regulating.

Adopt the inscribe annulus rotary engine of double crank mechanism, its structure is seen Fig. 8 and shown in Figure 9, referring to Fig. 8, the mutual inscribe of two or more annulus, outer toroid (61) is stretched out at least one straight connecting plate (66) inwards, offer the direct through groove (63) that has cylinder groove on the interior annulus (62), the cylinder hinge that has straight trough is installed in the cylinder groove, straight trough (78) in the cylinder hinge (77) becomes semilune nahlock (64) shown in Figure 8 when connecting, straight connecting plate (66) puts in the straight trough (78) of cylinder hinge or passes the folded direct through groove of both sides semilune nahlocks (64), two inscribe annulus are coupled together in the same way rotation, at pressurized gas, become various types of motors under the driving of liquid or prime mover.Shell fragment (65) is installed on the surface of contact of semilune nahlock and connecting plate, can be utilized the pressure of gas or liquid to realize sealing gland or hydraulic seal, it is lubricated to rubbing surface to introduce lubricant oil from connecting plate endoporus (67).

With reference to Fig. 9, two annulus phase inscribes, outer toroid (61) are stretched out the thin connecting plate (70) in the thick top of a root inwards, and connecting plate is terminal to be the cylinder hinge, and cylinder cuts with scissors the outer hinged slide block (68) that has cylinder groove, offers straight trough (72) on the interior annulus.The connecting plate (70) that has hinged slide block puts in the straight trough (72), connects inside and outside two inscribe annulus and rotates in the same way, under the driving of pressurized gas, liquid or prime mover, becomes various types of motors.When connecting plate and straight trough are a plurality of (referring to Figure 10), offer circumferential guide rail (74) on annulus, the guide plate (75) or the hinged twin columns hinged plate (42) that has the cylinder hinge that can circumferentially slide installed in connecting plate or straight trough bottom in guide rail.The outer toroid higher slice has ventilating hole (69), offer circular arc on the excircle and divide air drain (14), divide two trappings watt are set in the air drain, symmetry is installed two sealing gland bars (49) that have side wavy spring (53) in the trapping at tangent place watt, another movably installs glow plug (19) in the trapping watt, the both sides wing rises and stretches out two shell fragments (73) and compress the annulus surface, implements sealing gland.The ventilating hole of outer toroid divides on the air drain inswept at periphery, regularly open and close each peripheral air distribution port, in periphery control distribution.Hollow out from the bottom near the rubbing surface place on the slide block, form shell fragment and be pressed on the straight trough sidewall, introduce lubricant oil, hinged fitting surface and sliding contact surface are implemented hydraulic seal and lubricated at connecting plate and slide block center drilling (71).When inside and outside annulus rotates in the same way, slide block is to-and-fro motion in straight trough, the volume of enclosed cavity changes, the lubricant oil that the inside holds is gone into from the endoporus (71) of connecting plate and slide block, constitute a reciprocating piston oil pump, can be to main shaft, the bearing of motor, suit face and other parts provide lubricant oil to be lubricated.This structure can develop into the rotary reciprocating type piston engine of double crank slider mechanism, can eliminate the double vibrations of the reciprocating-piston engine that adopts slidercrank mechanism fully.

The igniting of inscribe annulus rotary engine, distribution, sealing, lubricated, cooling system and aforesaid fixed shaft gear train rotary engine are basic identical, repeat no more.

More than several motors of Jie Shaoing are several simple embodiments of the present invention, and existing is that example is introduced elementary cell of the present invention and promoted all kinds rotary engine that develops thus with the fixed shaft gear train rotary engine:

With reference to Figure 16, in the different concentric spherical mezzanine space of radius, a pair of circular cone power gear (2) of closing engagement mutually, both ends of the surface and sphere are fitted, power gear is the internal gear or the external gear (illustrated cone gear is an external gear) of any cone-apex angle between 0 °～360 °, the circular cone power gear became outer gearing cylinder power gear when the cone-apex angle of power gear was zero, and cone-apex angle becomes dull and stereotyped power gear when being 180 °, engagement cylinder power gear in cone-apex angle becomes when being 360 °.Have at least one power tooth (4) and at least one allow teeth groove (11) on the circular cone power gear (2), its tooth corridor curve is an involute, cycloid or two circular arc conjugate curve.Be covered with sealing tooth (5) on the power gear (2), the sealing tooth number of teeth can be arbitrarily, the number of teeth just becomes the power running roller of smooth wheel face when being zero, the external synchromesh gear of palpus this moment, when a plurality of power gear are serially connected in the same rotating shaft, see power gear from the side and allow teeth groove be connected in turn to be unified into complete gear, but need not connect also Synchronous Transmission of synchromesh gear.Power gear comprises the power running roller, for the convenience of explanation, only mentions power gear.The power gear rotation, the double-deck annular turning surface that the tooth root of power tooth (4) and tooth top end face streak and two concentric sphericals surround the sphere ring cylinder.In like manner, the sphere ring of two phase inscribes and two concentric sphericals surround the crescent moon cylinder, and all structures in the crescent moon cylinder all abut on the concentric spherical.Two circular cone power gear (2) stretch to the both sides along sphere from the engagement place, and the angle of cut α between the two axial lines increases gradually, and the angle between the axis of ball cylinder and sphere ring changes thereupon, are changed to 180 ° continuously by 0 °.The radius of two concentric sphericals can be arbitrarily, and when spherical radius leveled off to infinity, the spherical calotte on it formed the plane type motor with regard to the complanation.If one of them spherical radius is zero the disappearance, then become a sphere, form ball formula motor, or be called the power ball.

A plurality of power gear axis in the cylinder of a plurality of balls is mutually the inside and outside engagement driving of arbitrary intersection angle between 0 °～180 °, power is transmitted by different direction.A plurality of sphere rings surround a plurality of crescent moon cylinders with concentric ball, and the inside is separated into a plurality of enclosed cavities by a plurality of connecting plates, as shown in figure 10.The cylinder of a plurality of balls can be unified into fisher's formula or surround closed loop in the concentric spherical mezzanine space.As Figure 11 Figure 14 and shown in Figure 15.Each ball cylinder can connect or external a plurality of ball cylinder in the while, as shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13.With reference to Figure 17, a plurality of circular cone power gear can form a circle, the axis of each power gear intersects at the centre of sphere, form circular cone, the folded angle of two symmetrical buses of circular cone is cone-apex angle β, each power gear moves up and down simultaneously along sphere, cone-apex angle β changes between 0 °～360 ° continuously, become star needle-type motor, shown in Figure 17 A, become the sub-bearing type engine of circular cone in the bigger power gear of inside and outside or public up and down tangent plane upper shield radius of a power gear of being engaged in, shown in Figure 17 B, when cone-apex angle β becomes roller bearing formula motor when leveling off to infinity for zero degree or spherical radius, shown in Figure 17 C.Above-mentioned all kinds motor combination in any, employing two, three, four stroke cycle mode can develop the rotary engine that becomes various series.

The present invention compared with prior art has following features

1, opened up a brand-new thermodynamic cycle approach, started vaporization supercharging closed circulating in a kind of chamber, improve operating pressure when cooling agent is vaporized in each chamber, and fully reclaim using waste heat from tail gas and cylinder body dispersed heat, make the thermal efficiency closer to ideal thermal efficiency.

2, broken and pursued high compressionization and high temperature rise in the past, improved the traditional mode of the thermal efficiency, used instead and reduce compression ratio, reduce temperature rise, improved working pressure, increased variety of way such as expansion ratio and improve the thermal efficiency.

3, broken through two four-stroke intrinsic endless form, removed the compression stroke of making negative work, adopted air-breathingly separately, three stroke cycle modes of work done/exhaust have been widened type of fuel, starting also lightly laborsaving.

4, in the past Throttle Opening Control and fuel oil gas compressor form are changed in the adjusting of power, adopted changeover valve in addition, the end face rotating disk, peripheral circles is controlled automatically, with changing air inflow, increase air inlet and press, regulate oil inlet quantity, multiple modes such as change spray amount, the length of adjustment aspirating stroke and power stroke compare have realized the multipole stepless regulating of power and efficient.

5, high-pressure gas and steam or liquid are along the outermost work done, and moment of torsion is big, the rotating speed height.The workpiece of motor is the centering revolving meber, realizes static and dynamic equilibrium easily, and the fixed shaft gear train type can carry out stable drive ratio work, moves quite steady.

6, sealing is strong, long service life.All can make up voluntarily when sealing system makes any working surface the abrasion gap occur and obturage.Peripheral synchromesh gear, ignition system, lubricating and cooling system can save, and structure is very simplified compactness, and volume is little, and is in light weight, and specific power is big.

7, wide, the power gear in work orientation and ball cylinder, sphere ring and bent moon cylinder can be mutually arbitrarily angledly in the sphere mezzanine space, can be combined into various forms according to the need of work level, power is pressed any direction transmit.

8, of many uses.The motor that can be used as various internal combustion locomotive is as automobile, motorcycle, car, tank, snowmobile etc.Treading underfoot becomes power skateboard, and being through becomes power shoe on the pin.Can replace the gas turbine of nuclear power station, heat power station and the water turbine of hydroelectric power plant.Under the driving of pressurized gas or highly pressurised liquid, become pneumatic motor and oil hydraulic motor, under the dragging of prime mover, can become vacuum pump, blower, air compressor, hydraulic press, water pump, oil transfer pump, variable displacement pump, can also be used as air pressure or hydraulicdriven stepless speed variator, stepless time adjustment hydraulic transmission lathe, locomotive etc.If adopt opposite work cycle then to become refrigerator and air humidifier etc.Be used in the navigation, can replace propeller, as motorboat, the propulsion device of submarine and ten thousand tons of ocean-going freighters.Be used in and can be used as miniature model plane in the aviation, helicopter is to revolving two slurry motors, the huge air breathing engine of the alternative complex structure oil consumption of powerful turbine propeller fan is installed in hollow axle, become big thrust loading, efficiently, at a high speed, light-duty, the long life aeroengine, as the lift fan motor of VTOL fighter, the dwell propulsion device etc. of driving of complete pneumatic gas suspension VTOL fighter and land, water and air three.Be widely used in industrial and agricultural production, military and national defense construction and aviation and navigation and land communications cause have vast potential for future development.

Claims (11)

1, the invention provides the totally-enclosed thermodynamic cycle of vaporization supercharging in a kind of chamber, it is characterized in that: add freezing mixture and fuel in the charging stage or the stage of calming the anger, the cooling supercharging of freezing mixture heat absorption vaporization (or sublimating) back, to avoid fuel by compression ignite, spray into fuel in the stage of calming the anger, can not influence aeration quantity, the work done stage can spray into fuel or combustion improver in active chamber, spray into freezing mixture (preferably threshold state temperature) simultaneously, cryogen boil-off (or distillation) becomes steam and increases pressure, coolant vapours liquefaction (or sublimating) heat release after fully expanding, the freezing mixture that heat is cooled in the chamber absorbs recycling, discharge or recycling use after the freezing mixture condensation, constitute totally-enclosed thermodynamic cycle, freezing mixture is easily vaporization or the organic or inorganic compound that distils or simple substance and composition thereof (as: iodine, dry ice, ammonia, water, ether, ethanol etc.), fuel double as freezing mixture preferably.

2, a kind of efficient thermodynamic cycle, it is characterized in that: the low compression ratio compression, low temperature rise heating, big expansion ratio expands, level pressure heat exchange or heat release can be saved compression stroke when compression ratio is minimum, adopt air inlet, work done, three stroke cycle of exhaust simultaneously, the length of compression ratio, expansion ratio, aspirating stroke and power stroke is than adjustable.

3, a kind of rotary engine of fixed shaft gear train is characterized in that: at least two power gear of closing engagement mutually are mutually arbitrary intersection angle and rotate synchronously in the cylinder of at least two balls, under the driving of as received basis or prime mover, become various motors.

4, a kind of rotary engine of articulated four pole mechanism, it is characterized in that: at least two annulus phase inscribes, offer cylinder groove or cylinder hinge on the annulus, the connecting plate that is had at least two cylinder hinges or cylinder groove by at least one is hinged, when a plurality of hinged connecting plate is installed between per two inscribe annulus, connecting plate is the mutually hinged multi-bar linkages of a plurality of connecting plates, it can also be the hinged connecting plate that has the variable-length of straight trough and flat board between cylinder hinge or the cylinder groove, annulus rotates or annulus rolls on fixing in addition annulus and creeps in the same way around self axis, under the driving of as received basis or prime mover, become various motors.

5, a kind of rotary engine of double crank mechanism, it is characterized in that at least two annulus phase inscribes, affixed or hinged at least one straight connecting plate or have the connecting plate of cylinder hinge on the annulus, cylinder hinge is outer can also the hinged slide block that has cylinder groove, annulus is offered at least one straight trough or is had the straight trough of cylinder groove in addition, the cylinder hinge that has straight trough is installed in the cylinder groove, the cylinder hinge was divided into two semilune nahlocks when cylinder hinge straight trough connected, can install when connecting plate and straight trough are at least two can be along the circumferential guide plate that slides of annulus upper rail, connecting plate puts in the straight trough, connecting incircle rotates in the same way around self axis, under the driving of as received basis or prime mover, become various motors.

6, according to claim 3,4,5 described rotary engines, it is characterized in that: radius concentric spherical arbitrarily (comprises the plane, being equivalent to radius is infinitely-great spherical calotte) the annular turning surface that streaks with power Topland rotation surrounds ball shape cylinder, the cylinder of at least two balls is mutually in the sheaf space of homocentric sphere surface layer centre that any angle is unified into fisher's formula or surrounds closed loop between 0 °～360 °, at least two sphere rings axis in the concentric spherical mezzanine space is mutually 0～180 ° of angle of cut phase inscribe, at least two power gear are mutually any angle of cut engagement driving between 0 °～360 ° at least in the cylinder of two balls, power gear can interiorly simultaneously mesh or a plurality of power gear of outer gearing, a plurality of power gear are meshing with each other and can be unified into fisher's formula or surround closed loop, but the conjugate gears of any tapering between 0 °～360 ° of its inside and outside or public up and down tangent plane upper shields.

7, according to the described rotary engine of claim 3 to 6, it is characterized in that:

A. power gear (2) is the interior external gear of arbitrary taper between 0 °～360 °, the power gear wheel face is covered with the sealing tooth (5) of optional tooth number, when the sealing number of teeth is zero, become the power running roller of smooth wheel face, the external synchromesh gear of palpus this moment, power gear comprises the power running roller, the conjugate surface (as ellipse, cone, cylinder etc.) of its wheel face for sealing mutually, there are at least one power tooth (4) and at least one allow teeth groove (11) on the power gear (2), power tooth and allow the tooth corridor curve of teeth groove be involute, cycloid or two arc conjugate curve;

B. offer the groove that has cylinder groove in the power tooth (4) of power gear, sealing gland hinge (3) is installed in the groove, constitute hinged, sealing gland hinge (3) middle part is a cylindrical body, and the top is the cambered surface platform, stretches out at least one flat tongue (8) on the platform next door, sealing gland hinge bottom connects friction plate (10) or mounting spring, horizontal the cutting in two of sealing gland hinge, section holds seals the examinee's name on an exam-paper so as to prevent fraudulence sheet, mounting spring between the cross section;

C. two end faces of power gear and power tooth are offered seal groove, sealing gland bar (49) and seal ring (57) are installed in the seal groove, wavy spring is installed in sealing gland bar (49) bottom and side, seal ring (57) cross section is " U " font, sealing gland bar and seal ring middle staggered slot into snakelike section or butt joint rectangular teeth are lined with below and seal the examinee's name on an exam-paper so as to prevent fraudulence sheet; And offer air hole (51) in power gear inside, lead to the power gear wheel face from seal groove;

D. the wheel face of power gear stretches out connecting plate (43), and the connecting plate end is provided with the cylinder hinge, and the outer hinged two cambered surface power teeth that have cylinder groove of cylinder hinge constitute hinged tooth;

E. the wheel rim of power gear is offered cylinder groove, and cylinder groove is hinged to have a connecting plate (47) of cylinder hinge, below mounting spring.

8, according to the distribution device of the described rotary engine of claim 3 to 6, it is characterized in that:

A. offer circular arc on the both sides end cap of motor and the internal and external circumference and divide air drain (14), divide the air drain inwall to offer at least one suction port (21), divide at least one trapping watt (15) is installed in the air drain, be provided with ventilating hole in the trapping watt, nozzle, glow plug or spark plug, trapping watt (15) can be moved in a minute air drain (14), divide air drain (14) that seal ring (22) is installed on every side, seal ring bottom mounting spring is also offered through hole and is introduced gas or liquid, offer profit oilhole (26) corresponding to the power gear engagement place on the seal ring, or at engagement place fluting installation sealing block (54), offer profit oilhole (55) on the sealing block, communicate with the high pressure meshing zone and the low-pressure engagement district of power gear respectively;

B. the both sides end cap of motor is installed rotating disk (44), offers ventilating hole on the rotating disk, nozzle, and glow plug or spark plug, annulus is offered ventilating hole (69) on (61,62), and the air distribution port of control two side ends lid and internal and external circumference regularly opens and closes when rotating disk and annulus rotation.

9, according to the described rotary engine of claim 3 to 6, it is characterized in that: the end cap of motor can be compressed into cylinder body, end cover surface cushioning sealing cover (24), offer circular air hole (25) on the sealing cover, sealing column is installed in the air hole (25), the shape of end cap and sealing cover and cylinder body profile match, and can move vertically, by clockwork spring bolt control locking.

10, according to the described rotary engine of claim 3 to 6, it is characterized in that: cylinder body (1) inside is provided with axial flow or ring-current cooling chamber and heat collector cavity (31), heat conductive tube (38) is installed in the cooling chamber, heat collector cavity connects the one-way valve of spring screw (33) structure, inboard wall of cylinder block is installed major arc shape compound of sand, clay, etc. for making earthenware (13), compound of sand, clay, etc. for making earthenware is close to casing wall and is moved, and relief opening (6) exchange in the control cylinder body opens and closes.

11, setting-up eccentricity sleeve on axial workpiece and the supporting base thereof, eccentric adjusting sleeve is the sleeve of inside and outside circle decentraction, eccentric adjusting sleeve is sleeved on when relatively rotating together, electrodeless continuously changing takes place in the distance between the interior round heart of entire sleeve and the cylindrical center of circle, is used for adjusting the distance between the axial workpiece gyration center such as axle, ring, circle, cover, tube.

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