CN109029725B - Deep ultraviolet, visible and near infrared radiation calibration source device - Google Patents

Deep ultraviolet, visible and near infrared radiation calibration source device Download PDF

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CN109029725B
CN109029725B CN201810928974.4A CN201810928974A CN109029725B CN 109029725 B CN109029725 B CN 109029725B CN 201810928974 A CN201810928974 A CN 201810928974A CN 109029725 B CN109029725 B CN 109029725B
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integrating sphere
light source
xenon lamp
lamp
halogen tungsten
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CN109029725A (en
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沈政国
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Hefei Taida Optoelectronic Technology Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/12Generating the spectrum; Monochromators
    • G01J3/26Generating the spectrum; Monochromators using multiple reflection, e.g. Fabry-Perot interferometer, variable interference filters

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of deep ultraviolet, visible and near infrared radiation calibration of aviation and satellite-borne cameras, in particular to a deep ultraviolet, visible and near infrared radiation calibration source device, which also comprises a light source component, a light source module and a control module, wherein the light source component is used for providing a known stable camera radiation calibration with radiance input; the light source assembly comprises a xenon lamp light source and a halogen tungsten lamp light source, the xenon lamp light source is arranged on one side of the integrating sphere, light emitted by the xenon light source enters the integrating sphere through an inlet and is used for calibrating the camera in a deep ultraviolet waveband, and therefore the method for combining the short-arc xenon lamp and the halogen tungsten lamp, which are close to the color temperature of the sun, is adopted to simulate the stable spectral radiation output in a wide spectral range of deep ultraviolet, visible and near infrared, the ultraviolet waveband radiation calibration of the camera with an exit port of 0.8 m is effectively solved, and the blank of the calibration of the ultraviolet waveband of the camera in China at present is filled.

Description

Deep ultraviolet, visible and near infrared radiation calibration source device
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of deep ultraviolet, visible and near infrared radiation calibration of aviation and satellite-borne cameras, in particular to a deep ultraviolet, visible and near infrared radiation calibration source device.
Background art:
the integrating sphere radiation source is a very excellent calibration light source, and the surface uniformity and stability of the output radiation intensity are incomparable with those of a common light source. In the field of using surface light source, the method is widely used for laboratory calibration of optical detectors and ground radiometric calibration before emission of space optical remote sensing instruments. Therefore, the stability and the accuracy of the radiation source are very critical to radiometric calibration, and the detection result of the calibrated instrument is directly influenced. In the prior art, the ultraviolet band radiometric calibration of a camera with an exit port of 0.8 m does not exist, the method aims to meet the requirement that a deep ultraviolet, visible and near infrared radiometric calibration source device is suitable for quantitative remote sensing, and the method of combining a short-arc xenon lamp and a halogen tungsten lamp with color temperature close to the color temperature of the sun is adopted to simulate the stable spectral radiometric output of the wide spectral range of the deep ultraviolet, visible and near infrared and fill the blank of the ultraviolet band calibration of the camera in China at present.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides a deep ultraviolet, visible and near infrared radiation calibration source device.
The technical problem to be solved by the application is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: a deep ultraviolet, visible and near infrared radiation calibration source device comprises an integrating sphere, a light source component and a control component, wherein the integrating sphere is provided with an outlet and an inlet, and the light source component is used for providing camera radiation calibration with known and stable radiance input;
the light source assembly comprises a xenon light source and a halogen tungsten light source, the xenon light source is arranged on one side of the integrating sphere, and light rays emitted by the xenon light source enter the integrating sphere through an inlet and are used for calibrating the camera in a deep ultraviolet band;
the halogen tungsten lamp light source is arranged in the integrating sphere and used for calibrating the camera in visible and near infrared wave bands.
Preferably, the integrating sphere comprises an integrating sphere shell and an integrating sphere liner, the integrating sphere liner is arranged at intervals with the integrating sphere shell through an inner sphere liner mounting support, the inner surface of the integrating sphere liner is coated with white coating pure barium sulfate with uniform diffuse reflection, and the integrating sphere liner is formed by numerical control processing and splicing of sintered polytetrafluoroethylene.
Preferably, the xenon lamp light source comprises 2 7KW short-arc xenon lamps, each short-arc xenon lamp is arranged on the support, light emitted by the short-arc xenon lamp is transmitted into the integrating sphere through a channel, and each short-arc xenon lamp is symmetrically arranged along the center of the integrating sphere.
Preferably, the light path of the xenon lamp light source is also provided with attenuation screens with different transmittances for realizing the change and adjustment of the fixed color temperature energy level;
the xenon lamp light source has 7 levels.
Preferably, the light source of the halogen tungsten lamp comprises 42 250W halogen tungsten lamps, each halogen tungsten lamp surrounds to form a halogen tungsten lamp array, and each halogen tungsten lamp is divided into 14 levels by 3 groups.
Preferably, the lower end of the integrating sphere shell is provided with an air inlet, cooled and clean air is pumped into a cavity between the integrating sphere shell and the integrating sphere inner sphere liner through the air inlet, the upper end of the integrating sphere shell is also provided with an air outlet, and the air outlet is connected with an exhaust fan used for pumping hot air in the cavity out.
Preferably, the air in the chamber is at a positive pressure.
Preferably, each short-arc xenon lamp is forcibly cooled by natural wind of 14-16 m/s;
the channel is also provided with a deep ellipsoid reflecting bowl which is used for absorbing the dielectric film plated at the wave band of 700nm later;
the lamp feet of each halogen tungsten lamp are connected with a red copper tube used for water cooling.
Preferably, the device also comprises a light source control unit for controlling the level energy of the xenon light source and the halogen tungsten light source;
the device also comprises a light stability monitoring unit, wherein the light stability monitoring unit comprises a spectrometer meter for detecting the radiance stability in the integrating sphere, and the spectrometer meter is arranged in the integrating sphere;
the system comprises a fan, a short-arc xenon lamp and a system safety monitoring unit, wherein the system safety monitoring unit comprises a current meter for detecting the current stability on the fan and the short-arc xenon lamp.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this application is: the method simulates the stable spectral radiation output of a wide spectral range of deep ultraviolet, visible light and near infrared by combining a short-arc xenon lamp and a halogen tungsten lamp with approximate color temperature and solar color temperature, realizes a 0.8-meter-caliber uniform surface light source by taking a polytetrafluoroethylene integrating sphere as a light uniformizing unit, and performs radiation calibration on the emergent radiation brightness, surface uniformity and angle uniformity of a light outlet of a radiation source of the deep ultraviolet, visible and near infrared integrating sphere according to the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the short-arc xenon lamp and the halogen tungsten lamp, the light collection efficiency of an optical system and the uniform light attenuation characteristic of the integrating sphere, wherein the xenon lamp light source is used for generating deep ultraviolet radiation, enters the integrating sphere through a medium film deep ellipsoid reflecting bowl, forms a Lambert surface light source at an outlet of the integrating sphere through multiple reflection of a high-reflection coating on the inner wall of the integrating sphere, provides guarantee for the radiation calibration of the ultraviolet band of the camera, and effectively solves the calibration of the ultraviolet radiation of the 0.8, fills the blank of calibrating the ultraviolet band of the current domestic camera.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the area of the inner wall of the integrating sphere corresponding to the surface uniformity and the angular uniformity;
FIG. 3 is a distribution diagram of the radiation flux of the black body of the xenon short-arc lamp light source according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the output radiance of the integrating sphere of the halogen-tungsten lamp of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the distribution of the radiance output from the integrating sphere of the xenon short-arc lamp and the halogen tungsten lamp according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the non-uniformity of radiance as a function of angular range of the present invention;
in the figure: 10-integrating sphere; 11-integrating sphere shell; 12-integral ball inner bladder; 21-short arc xenon lamp; 22-channel; 31-halogen tungsten lamps; 40-air inlet; and 50-air outlet.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
in order to make the technical means, the creation features, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further clarified with the specific embodiments.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, a deep ultraviolet, visible and near infrared radiation calibration source device includes an integrating sphere 10, the integrating sphere 10 is provided with an outlet and an inlet, and further includes a light source assembly for providing a camera radiation calibration with a known and stable radiance input; the light source assembly comprises a xenon light source and a halogen tungsten light source, the xenon light source is arranged on one side of the integrating sphere 10, and light rays emitted by the xenon light source enter the integrating sphere 10 through an inlet and are used for calibrating the camera in a deep ultraviolet band; a halogen tungsten lamp light source is disposed within integrating sphere 10 for calibrating the camera in the visible and near infrared bands.
The method that the short-arc xenon lamp 21 and the halogen tungsten lamp 31 which are close in color temperature and solar color temperature are combined is adopted to simulate the stable spectral radiation output of the wide spectral range of deep ultraviolet, visible light and near infrared, the polytetrafluoroethylene integrating sphere is used as a light uniformizing unit to realize a uniform surface light source with the caliber of 0.8 meter, and the radiation calibration is carried out on the emergent radiation brightness, the surface uniformity and the angle uniformity of a light outlet of a radiation source of the deep ultraviolet, visible light and near infrared integrating sphere according to the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the short-arc xenon lamp 21 and the halogen tungsten lamp 31, the light collection efficiency of an optical system and the light uniformizing attenuation characteristic of the integrating sphere.
As shown in fig. 1, the integrating sphere 10 includes an integrating sphere shell 11 and an integrating sphere liner 12, the integrating sphere liner 12 is spaced apart from the integrating sphere shell 11 by a liner mounting bracket, the inner surface of the integrating sphere liner 12 is coated with white coating pure barium sulfate with uniform diffuse reflection, and the integrating sphere liner 12 is formed by numerical control processing and splicing of sintered polytetrafluoroethylene.
As shown in fig. 1, the xenon lamp light source comprises 2 7KW short-arc xenon lamps 21, each short-arc xenon lamp 21 is respectively arranged on the support, light emitted by the short-arc xenon lamp 21 is transmitted into the integrating sphere 10 through a channel 22, each short-arc xenon lamp (21) is symmetrically arranged along the center of the integrating sphere 10, and an attenuation screen with different transmittances for realizing the change and adjustment of the fixed color temperature energy level is further arranged on the light path of the xenon lamp light source; the xenon lamp light sources have the grade of 7, are used for generating deep ultraviolet radiation, enter the integrating sphere through the dielectric film deep ellipsoid reflecting bowl, and form a Lambert surface light source at the exit of the integrating sphere through multiple reflections of the high-reflection coating on the inner wall of the integrating sphere, so that the radiation calibration of the camera ultraviolet band is guaranteed, the radiation calibration of the camera ultraviolet band with an exit port of 0.8 m is effectively solved, and the blank of the calibration of the camera ultraviolet band in China at present is filled.
As shown in fig. 1, the light source of the halogen tungsten lamp includes 42 250W halogen tungsten lamps 31, each halogen tungsten lamp 31 encloses to form a halogen tungsten lamp array, and each halogen tungsten lamp 31 is divided into 14 levels by 3 groups, in this application, the output variation of different levels is realized by different lamp-opening numbers of the halogen tungsten lamps with varying levels, the color temperature variation caused by current regulation is considered for the light source of the short arc xenon lamp, and the energy level regulation of the short arc xenon lamp part can realize fixed color temperature level variation regulation by adopting a method of cutting attenuation screens with different transmittances into the light path.
As shown in fig. 1, an air inlet 40 is arranged at the lower end of an integrating sphere shell 11, cooled clean air is pumped into a cavity between the integrating sphere shell 11 and an integrating sphere inner sphere liner 12 through the air inlet 40, an air outlet 50 is further arranged at the upper end of the integrating sphere shell 11, the air outlet 50 is connected with an exhaust fan used for pumping hot air in the cavity out, air in the cavity is positive pressure, the electric power of the whole system is high, the heat dissipation problem of the system needs to be considered from the perspective of safety and practicability, the design is realized by designing cold air convection, an air inlet is designed below the integrating sphere to feed dry and clean cooling space into the sphere, an air outlet is designed at the upper part of the integrating sphere to pump out hot air, positive air pressure inside and outside the sphere is realized through the design of inlet and outlet air pressure, and the effects.
As shown in figure 1, each short-arc xenon lamp 21 is forcibly cooled by natural wind of 14-16 m/s; the channel 22 is also provided with a deep ellipsoid reflecting bowl coated with a dielectric film for absorbing a wave band behind 700 nm; the lamp feet of each halogen tungsten lamp are connected with a red copper tube used for water cooling, in the application, the short arc xenon lamp bulb has large heat productivity, the water cooling process difficulty at the position is large, the forced air cooling mode can be adopted for realizing, the 7KW xenon lamp can realize forced heat dissipation on the bulb by adopting natural wind with the wind speed of 15m/s according to the earlier development experience, meanwhile, a deep ellipsoid reflecting bowl plated with a dielectric film is adopted, the wave band containing more heat radiation and unstable radiation output after 700nm directly penetrates through the deep ellipsoid reflecting bowl, only ultraviolet-visible light radiation in the wave band of 200nm-700nm is collected, the heat accumulation in an integrating sphere can be further reduced, secondly, the lamp feet mainly concentrated by heat of the halogen tungsten lamp 31 are small in heat dissipation surface, the air cooling effect is poor, and the heat can be taken out by adopting a red copper tube water cooling heat conduction method to realize the temperature reduction of the lamp feet.
The system comprises a xenon lamp light source, a halogen tungsten lamp light source, a light source control unit and a control unit, wherein the xenon lamp light source and the halogen tungsten lamp light source are respectively connected with the xenon lamp light source and the halogen tungsten lamp light source; the device also comprises a light stability monitoring unit, wherein the light stability monitoring unit comprises a spectrometer for detecting the radiance stability in the integrating sphere 10, and the spectrometer is arranged in the integrating sphere 10; the system further comprises a system safety monitoring unit which comprises a current meter used for detecting the current stability of the fan and the short-arc xenon lamp 21.
Example 2:
the structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, and the same parts are not described again, except that:
the embodiment also discloses a using method of the deep ultraviolet, visible and near infrared radiation calibration source device, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) calculating the radiance of the light outlet:
and (3) calculating the output radiant flux of the light source according to the formula (1) of Planckian black body radiation and the typical color temperature characteristic of the short-arc xenon light source.
Figure GDA0001810243740000051
In the formula, C1 and C2 are Planck constants, T is the color temperature 5800K of the light source of the short-arc xenon lamp, and the color temperature is close to the color temperature of the sun. The calculated output radiant flux distribution of the short arc xenon lamp is shown in fig. 3-6.
(2) And (3) analyzing the uniformity of a light outlet of an integrating sphere:
the spatial distribution uniformity of the radiance at the light outlet of the integrating sphere is an important parameter in application, and the spatial uniformity includes irradiance uniformity of an irradiation surface at a certain distance from the light outlet and radiance angular uniformity (i.e. radiance uniformity of the inner surface of the integrating sphere within an angular range) with the axis of the light outlet as a vertex. The integrating sphere light source approximates a lambertian light source, and the surface uniformity of the integrating sphere light source can be regarded as the uniformity of the radiance of the inner surface of the integrating sphere corresponding to the integrating sphere light source, and the corresponding area of the integrating sphere light source is shown in FIG. 2.
As can be seen from fig. 2, the region corresponding to the angular uniformity within ± 25 ° of the index requirement already includes the region corresponding to the surface uniformity, and when the angular non-uniformity satisfies the index requirement less than 1%, the surface uniformity also satisfies the index requirement of the angular uniformity.
The coating of the inner wall of the integrating sphere with the built-in light source can be approximately regarded as a lambertian body, so the nonuniformity of the spatial distribution of the light outlet is mainly caused by the non-lambertian property of the light source and the non-lambertian property of the seam of the inner wall of the integrating sphere, the built-in light source of the integrating sphere is generally a halogen tungsten lamp, and the halogen tungsten lamp is generally regarded as a point light source, namely the irradiance at each angle is the same, so that the irradiance at the surfaces of different integrating spheres is different, the primary reflection radiance at each point is unequal, and the source of the nonuniformity of the spatial distribution is also included.
(3) Relation between spatial distribution nonuniformity and mounting position of halogen tungsten lamp
The primary reflection radiance at the counterclockwise angle θ of the normal at the installation position of the halogen tungsten lamp can be obtained by the following formula:
Figure GDA0001810243740000061
where l is the integrating sphere internal diameter.
Multiple reflections produce radiance at θ of
Figure GDA0001810243740000062
The radiation range of the point light source on the spherical wall is a hemispherical space, so the emergent light flux is
φ=F·2π (3)
The non-uniformity of radiance in the theta range of point light source is
Figure GDA0001810243740000071
It can be known that the uniformity of the spatial distribution of the integrating sphere is only related to the calculated angular range, the aperture ratio, and the reflectivity of the inner surface of the sphere wall, and when the aperture ratio is equal to the reflectivity of the inner wall material, the variation range of the radiance non-uniformity with the angle is shown in fig. 6:
it can be known from fig. 6 that the smaller the aperture ratio, the higher the reflectivity of the inner wall material, and the better the uniformity within the range of the light source emission angle, and for the 0.8 m aperture integrating sphere light source, when the reflectivity of the inner wall coating is 0.97, and the aperture ratio is 0.04, the non-uniformity of the corresponding integrating sphere radiance within the range of the point light source emission angle ± 25 ° is less than 1%.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and inventive features of this invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (1)

1. A deep ultraviolet, visible, near infrared radiation calibration source device, including the integrating sphere (10), there are outlet ports and entrances on the said integrating sphere (10), characterized by, also include the light source assembly, camera radiation calibration used for providing a known steady radiance input;
the light source assembly comprises a xenon lamp light source and a halogen tungsten lamp light source, the xenon lamp light source is arranged on one side of the integrating sphere (10), and light rays emitted by the xenon lamp light source enter the integrating sphere (10) through an inlet and are used for calibrating the camera in a deep ultraviolet band;
the halogen tungsten lamp light source is arranged in the integrating sphere (10) and is used for calibrating the camera in visible and near infrared bands;
the integrating sphere (10) comprises an integrating sphere shell (11) and an integrating sphere inner sphere liner (12), the integrating sphere inner sphere liner (12) is arranged at intervals with the integrating sphere shell (11) through an inner sphere liner mounting support, white coating pure barium sulfate with uniform diffuse reflection is coated on the inner surface of the integrating sphere inner sphere liner (12), and the integrating sphere inner sphere liner (12) is formed by numerical control processing and splicing of sintered polytetrafluoroethylene;
the xenon lamp light source comprises 2 7KW short-arc xenon lamps (21), each short-arc xenon lamp (21) is arranged on a support, light emitted by the short-arc xenon lamps (21) is transmitted into the integrating sphere (10) through a channel (22), and each short-arc xenon lamp (21) is symmetrically arranged along the sphere center of the integrating sphere (10);
the light path of the xenon lamp light source is also provided with attenuation screens with different transmittances for realizing the change and adjustment of the fixed color temperature energy level;
the xenon lamp light sources have 7 levels;
the halogen tungsten lamp light source comprises 42 250W halogen tungsten lamps (31), each halogen tungsten lamp (31) is enclosed to form a halogen tungsten lamp array, and each halogen tungsten lamp (31) is divided into 14 levels by 3 groups;
an air inlet (40) is formed in the lower end of the integrating sphere shell (11), cooled and clean air is pumped into a cavity between the integrating sphere shell (11) and the integrating sphere inner sphere liner (12) through the air inlet (40), an air outlet (50) is further formed in the upper end of the integrating sphere shell (11), and the air outlet (50) is connected with an exhaust fan used for pumping hot air in the cavity out;
the air in the cavity is in positive pressure;
each short-arc xenon lamp (21) is forcibly cooled by natural wind of 14-16 m/s;
the channel (22) is also provided with a deep ellipsoid reflecting bowl coated with a dielectric film for absorbing a wave band behind 700 nm;
the lamp feet of each halogen tungsten lamp (31) are connected with a red copper tube used for water cooling and heat dissipation;
the xenon lamp and tungsten halogen lamp power supply device also comprises a light source control unit for controlling the level energy of the xenon lamp light source and the tungsten halogen lamp light source;
the device also comprises a light stability monitoring unit, wherein the light stability monitoring unit comprises a spectrometer for detecting the radiance stability in the integrating sphere (10), and the spectrometer is arranged in the integrating sphere (10);
the system also comprises a system safety monitoring unit, wherein the system safety monitoring unit comprises a current meter for detecting the current stability of the fan and the short-arc xenon lamp (21);
the using method of the deep ultraviolet, visible and near infrared radiation calibration source device specifically comprises the following steps: (1) calculating the radiance of the light outlet; (2) analyzing the uniformity of a light outlet of the integrating sphere; (3) the relation between the spatial distribution nonuniformity and the installation position of the halogen tungsten lamp;
the reflectivity of the coating on the inner wall of the integrating sphere is 0.97, and the aperture ratio is 0.04.
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CN114812800A (en) * 2019-10-14 2022-07-29 中国计量科学研究院 Light source system for radiometer calibration
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