CN109029518A - A kind of fibre optical sensor based on Michelson interference - Google Patents
A kind of fibre optical sensor based on Michelson interference Download PDFInfo
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- CN109029518A CN109029518A CN201810889076.2A CN201810889076A CN109029518A CN 109029518 A CN109029518 A CN 109029518A CN 201810889076 A CN201810889076 A CN 201810889076A CN 109029518 A CN109029518 A CN 109029518A
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 101
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229960000935 dehydrated alcohol Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004038 photonic crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000985 reflectance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- YMHOBZXQZVXHBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dimethoxy-4-bromophenethylamine Chemical class COC1=CC(CCN)=C(OC)C=C1Br YMHOBZXQZVXHBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003486 chemical etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005305 interferometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002463 transducing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
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Abstract
A kind of fibre optical sensor based on Michelson interference of the invention belongs to fiber optic sensor technology field.Its primary structure has pumping source (1), the first photo-coupler (2), light wavelength division multiplexing (3) etc..The present invention uses sinusoidal signal as modulated signal, will not generate High-frequency Interference, has the characteristics that work is more reliable, sensing accuracy is high, has a wide range of application.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fibre optical sensor, in particular to a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor based on Michelson interference
Device.
Background technique
Electromagnetism interference, resistant to chemical etching, transmission loss is small, weight small in size because having for bragg grating (FBG)
Gently, convenient for large-scale production the advantages that, and it is widely used in field of sensing technologies.Especially in microstress detection, adverse circumstances
Temperature sensing etc., fibre optical sensor have unique advantage, the very small variation of one side temperature or stress, Bradley
Lattice fiber grating can be detected sensitively, have very high sensitivity, on the other hand in adverse circumstances such as humidity, strong electromagnetic
Under disturbed condition, bragg grating is hardly damaged, and working performance is unaffected, and signal transmission is interference-free.These are excellent
Point so that Bragg optical-fiber grating sensor be widely used in bridge, tunnel and fabric structure microstress variation monitoring,
The important safeties Workplace such as mine temperature safety monitoring.
It is doctor's thesis " fiber grating sensing system of Nankai University Liu Bo with the immediate prior art of the present invention
Research and realization ", the document provides a kind of bragg fiber light based on non-equilibrium Michelson fiber-optic interferometry demodulation techniques
Grid sensor-based system (referring to Fig. 3 .4 of page 24 of the document), the optical fiber sensing system use non-equilibrium Michelson fiber-optic principle of interference,
Change the length of the arm on a wherein arm in interferometer two-arm using the modulated signal that piezoelectric ceramics (PZT) is provided, thus
Change interferometer output intensity, interferometer output intensity, in cosine function rule, is managed with the variation of PZT modulated signal if used
Think modulated signal of the sawtooth wave as PZT, then the output of optical fiber sensing system is directly cosine wave.Optical fiber sensing system passes through cloth
Glug grating perceives the variation of measurement point stress or temperature, and is reflected as the variation of reflectance spectrum central wavelength, central wavelength
Variation be presented as after above-mentioned non-equilibrium Michelson fiber-optic interferometer output cosine wave phase variation, finally by cosine wave
Phase compares with the phase of sawtooth wave, can reflect the variation of bragg grating reflectance spectrum central wavelength, thus real
Now measure the variation of extraneous stress or temperature.
In above-mentioned sensor-based system, existing greatest problem is that sawtooth wave can not accomplish absolute idealization, preferably
Sawtooth wave failing edge is vertical, and the failing edge of actual sawtooth wave always has certain gradient, so that rear class can be made defeated
There are a high dithers for cosine wave out, generally necessary in grade demodulator circuit behind in order to eliminate the high-frequency jitter signal
Using bandpass filter (BPF), DC component and high fdrequency component are filtered out.But on the one hand the high fdrequency component inherently can be to remaining
The phase-detection of string wave impacts (zero crossing change in location)；On the other hand the frequency of the high-frequency jitter signal is driven by PZT
(electrical characteristics of PZT are equivalent to capacitor to the lagging characteristics of circuit performance, PZT itself, and both end voltage cannot jump, therefore
The failing edge of sawtooth wave be do not accomplish it is unlimited short) and the factors such as optical fiber elasticity itself influence, frequency size is indefinite, very
Difficulty filters out completely；Moreover, when using filter, it, can also be simultaneously other than it can be had an impact to the amplitude-frequency characteristic of output signal
The phase-frequency characteristic of signal is had an impact, i.e., filtering is that phase will receive influence near cutoff frequency, this is for relying on phase
It is very unfavorable for changing for the fibre optical sensor to measure stress variation.Therefore, existing bragg grating sensing
Device also requires further improvement.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome existing bragg grating fibre optical sensor there are the shortcomings that, the present invention provides a kind of using just
Fibre optical sensor based on Michelson interference of the string signal as PZT driving signal, so as to avoid high-frequency interferencing signal
It generates, and phase is generated so as to avoid filtering without using filter when handling the signal received
Influence.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of fibre optical sensor based on Michelson interference, structure have, the output end of pumping source 1 and the first optical coupling
The input terminal of device 2 is connected, and an output end of the first photo-coupler is connected with the end 980nm of light wavelength division multiplexing 3, and light wave point is multiple
It is connected with the end 1550nm of device 3 with the one end for the optical fiber being wrapped on the first piezoelectric ceramics 12, is wrapped in the first piezoelectric ceramics 12
On the other end of optical fiber be connected with the input terminal of the first optoisolator 11, the control terminal and the first PZT of the first piezoelectric ceramics 12
The output port of driving circuit 13 is connected, the output of the input terminal of the first PZT driving circuit 13 and the first D/A converting circuit 14
Port is connected, and the input port of the first D/A converting circuit 14 is connected with single-chip microcontroller 20；The output end of first optoisolator 11 with
The light input end of optical filter 10 is connected, and the electric control end of optical filter 10 is connected with single-chip microcontroller 20, and the light of optical filter 10 is defeated
Outlet is connected with the first port of optical circulator 8, and the second port of optical circulator 8 is connected with one end of Bragg grating group 9, light
The third port of circulator 8 is connected with the input terminal of third photo-coupler 6,90% output end of third photo-coupler 6 and second
The input terminal of optoisolator 5 is connected, and the output end of the second optoisolator 5 is connected with one end of Er-doped fiber 4, Er-doped fiber 4
The other end is connected with the common end of light wavelength division multiplexing 3；The output of 10% output end and the 4th photo-coupler of third photo-coupler 6
7 input terminal is connected, and an output end of the 4th photo-coupler 7 is connected with the input terminal of the second faraday rotation mirror 27, and the 4th
The another output of photo-coupler 7 is connected with the one end for the optical fiber being wrapped on the second piezoelectric ceramics 25, is wrapped in the second pressure
The other end of optical fiber on electroceramics 25 is connected with the input terminal of the first faraday rotation mirror 26, the 4th photo-coupler 7 it is another
A input terminal is connected with the input terminal of the second photoelectric conversion circuit 28；
It is characterized in that, structure in addition, the output end and function translation circuit 29 of the second photoelectric conversion circuit 28 input
End is connected, and the output end of functional transformation circuit 29 is connected with an input terminal of adaptive amplitude normalizing circuit 30, reference voltage
The output end of circuit 32 is connected with another input terminal of adaptive amplitude normalizing circuit 30, adaptive amplitude normalizing circuit 30
Output end is connected with an input terminal of phase-comparison circuit 31；The frequency output terminal in controllable frequency source 23 and 20 phase of single-chip microcontroller
Even, signal output end is connected with another input terminal of phase-comparison circuit 31, also the input terminal with the 2nd PZT driving circuit 24
It is connected, the output end of phase-comparison circuit 31 is connected with single-chip microcontroller 20, the output end and the second piezoelectricity of the 2nd PZT driving circuit 24
The control terminal of ceramics 25 is connected；Another output end of first photo-coupler 2 is connected with an input terminal of the second photo-coupler 17,
Another input terminal of second photo-coupler 17 is connected with the input terminal of dehydrated alcohol filling photonic crystal fiber 16, the second optocoupler
The output end of one output end of clutch 17 and dehydrated alcohol filling photonic crystal fiber 16 is connected, the second photo-coupler 17 it is another
One output end is connected with the input terminal of the first photoelectric conversion circuit 18, and the output end and modulus of the first photoelectric conversion circuit 18 turn
The input terminal for changing circuit 19 is connected, and the output end of analog to digital conversion circuit 19 is connected with single-chip microcontroller 20；Single-chip microcontroller 20 also respectively with it is aobvious
Display screen 22, serial communication modular 21, input key 15 are connected；
The structure of the functional transformation circuit 29 is, one end of capacitor C3 and the pin 12 of trigonometric function converter U1 and
One end of resistance R2 is connected, and input terminal of the other end of capacitor C3 as functional transformation circuit 29 is denoted as port ACOS_in, with
The output end of second photoelectric conversion circuit 28 is connected；The other end of resistance R2 is grounded；The pin 2 of trigonometric function converter U1,3,
4,5,8,11,13 ground connection, pin 9,10 are connected with one end of capacitor C2 and -12V power supply, the other end ground connection of capacitor C2；Triangle
The pin 6 of function converter U1 is connected with pin 7, and pin 16 is connected with one end of+12V power supply and capacitor C1, and capacitor C1's is another
One end ground connection；The pin 1 of trigonometric function converter U1 is connected with the sliding end of slide rheostat W1, one end of slide rheostat W1
It is connected with one end of resistance R1, the other end of resistance R1 is connected with the pin 14 of trigonometric function converter U1, slide rheostat W1
Output end of the sliding end as functional transformation circuit 29, port ACOS_out is denoted as, with adaptive amplitude normalizing circuit 30
Input terminal is connected；The model AD639 of the trigonometric function converter U1；
The structure of the adaptive amplitude normalizing circuit 30 is one end of capacitor C11 and one end of resistance R21 and chip
The pin 3 of U2 is connected, and the other end ground connection of resistance R21, the other end of capacitor C11 is as the defeated of adaptive amplitude normalizing circuit 30
Enter end, be denoted as port ADAPT_in, the port ACOS_out of and function translation circuit 29 is connected；The pin 1 of chip U2, pin 7,
Pin 8, pin 14 are grounded, and pin 2 is connected with+5V power supply with pin 4, and pin 11 is connected with pin 12 and with capacitor C5's
One end and+5V power supply are connected, the other end ground connection of capacitor C5；The pin 13 of chip U2 is connected with one end of capacitor C4, capacitor C4
The other end ground connection；The pin 9 of chip U2 is connected with one end of capacitor C6, the other end ground connection of capacitor C6；The pin 5 of chip U2
It is connected with one end of resistance R20 and resistance R19, the other end of resistance R20 ground connection, the other end of resistance R19 is defeated with amplifier U8's
One end of outlet and resistance R17 are connected, the positive supply termination+5V power supply of amplifier U8, negative power end ground connection；Resistance R17's is another
End is connected with one end of one end of resistance R15 and resistance R16, and is connected to the inverting input terminal of amplifier U8；Amplifier U8's is same mutually defeated
Enter end to be connected with one end of resistance R18, the other end of resistance R18 is connected with+2.5V power supply；The other end and capacitor of resistance R15
One end of C10 is connected, and is connected to the output end of amplifier U7；Positive supply termination+5V the power supply of amplifier U7, negative power end ground connection；Electricity
The other end for holding C10 is connected with one end of slide rheostat W3 and sliding end, and is connected to the inverting input terminal of amplifier U7；Amplifier U7
Non-inverting input terminal be connected with one end of resistance R14, the other end of resistance R14 is connected with+2.5V power supply；Slide rheostat W3's
The other end is connected with one end of resistance R13；The output of the other end of resistance R16 and the sliding end of slide rheostat W2 and amplifier U6
End is connected, and one end of slide rheostat W2 is connected with one end of resistance R11；One end phase of the other end of resistance R11 and resistance R10
Even, and it is connected to the inverting input terminal of amplifier U6；Positive supply termination+5V the power supply of amplifier U6, negative power end ground connection；Amplifier U6's is same
Phase input terminal is connected with one end of resistance R12, and the other end of resistance R12 is connected with+2.5V power supply；The other end of resistance R10 with
The other end of resistance R13 and one end of resistance R7 are connected, and are connected to the output end of amplifier U5；The other end and resistance R6 of resistance R7
One end be connected, and be connected to the inverting input terminal of amplifier U5；The output end of another termination amplifier U4 of resistance R6, amplifier U5 is just
Power supply termination+5V power supply, negative power end ground connection；One end of resistance R8 is connected with one end of resistance R9, and is connected to the same of amplifier U5
The other end of phase input terminal, resistance R9 is connected with+2.5V power supply；The other end of resistance R8 is as adaptive amplitude normalizing circuit 30
Reference voltage end, be connected with the reference voltage output terminal of reference voltage circuit 32；The pin 10 of chip U2 is used as adaptive width
The output end for spending normalizing circuit 30, is denoted as port ADAPT_out, is connected with an input terminal of phase-comparison circuit 31；Chip
The pin 10 of U2 is connected with one end of capacitor C7, the homophase input of the other end of capacitor C7 and one end of resistance R22 and amplifier U3
End is connected, the other end ground connection of resistance R22；One end of resistance R3 is connected with the anode of one end of capacitor C8 and diode D1, and
It is connected to the inverting input terminal of amplifier U3, the substrate (i.e. pin 8) of amplifier U3 is connected to the inverting input terminal of amplifier U3；Amplifier U3 is just
Power supply termination+5V power supply, negative supply termination -5V power supply；The other end of capacitor C8 and the cathode of diode D1 and diode D2's
Anode is connected, and is connected to the output end of amplifier U3；The anti-phase input of the other end of resistance R3 and one end of resistance R4 and amplifier U4
End is connected, and the other end of resistance R4 is connected with the grid of the cathode of diode D2 and field-effect tube Q1, the source electrode of field-effect tube Q1
It is connected with one end of one end of capacitor C9 and resistance R5, the other end of capacitor C9 is connected and is grounded with the other end of resistance R5；?
The source electrode of effect pipe Q1 is connected with the drain electrode of field-effect tube Q1, and is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of amplifier U4；The reverse phase of amplifier U4 is defeated
Enter end to be connected with the output end of the substrate of amplifier U4 and amplifier U4；Positive supply termination+5V the power supply of amplifier U3, negative supply termination-
5V power supply；The chip U2 is variable gain amplifier chip, and model is AD8367；
The structure of the phase-comparison circuit 31 is one end of capacitor C12 and the non-inverting input terminal and resistance of amplifier U9
One end of R23 is connected, and an input terminal of the other end of capacitor C12 as phase-comparison circuit 31 is denoted as port PHASE_
In1 is connected with the port ADAPT_out of adaptive amplitude normalizing circuit 30；The other end of resistance R23 is grounded；Amplifier U9 is just
Power supply termination+5V power supply, negative power end ground connection, reverse inter-input-ing ending grounding, the end CLK of output termination d type flip flop U10A；D triggering
The port D of device U10A is grounded；The one end capacitor C13 ground connection, the end PR of another termination d type flip flop U10A；Resistance R24 mono- terminates D touching
Send out the end PR of device U10A, the end Q of another termination d type flip flop U10A；CLR termination+5V the power supply of d type flip flop U10A, d type flip flop
The end PR of the Q non-terminated d type flip flop U12A of U10A；One end of capacitor C14 and the non-inverting input terminal of amplifier U11 and resistance R25's
One end is connected, another input terminal of the other end of capacitor C12 as phase-comparison circuit 31 is denoted as port PHASE_in2, with
The port SineM_out in controllable frequency source 23 is connected；The other end of resistance R25 is grounded；Positive supply termination+5V the electricity of amplifier U11
Source, negative power end ground connection, reverse inter-input-ing ending grounding, the end CLK of output termination d type flip flop U10B；The port D of d type flip flop U10B
Ground connection；The one end capacitor C15 ground connection, the end PR of another termination d type flip flop U10B；The PR of the termination of resistance R26 mono- d type flip flop U10B
End, the end Q of another termination d type flip flop U10B；CLR termination+5V the power supply of d type flip flop U10B, the Q non-terminated D of d type flip flop U10B
The end CLR of trigger U12A；The end D and the end CLK of d type flip flop U12A is grounded, output of the end Q as phase-comparison circuit 31
End, is denoted as port PHASE_out；
The structure of the reference voltage circuit 32 is a termination+5V power supply of resistance R27, another termination amplifier U13's
Non-inverting input terminal, the plus earth of zener diode D3, cathode connect amplifier U13 non-inverting input terminal, the inverting input terminal of amplifier U13
It is connected with output end, positive supply termination+5V power supply, negative power end ground connection, output end is+2.5V power supply ,+the 2.5V in each module
Power supply is provided by the output end；A termination+2.5V power supply of slide rheostat W4, other end ground connection, sliding termination amplifier U14
Non-inverting input terminal；The anti-phase input of amplifier U14 terminates its output end, and positive supply termination+5V power supply, negative power end is grounded, defeated
Output end of the outlet as reference voltage circuit 32, is denoted as port Vref, the reference voltage with adaptive amplitude normalizing circuit 30
End is connected；
The structure of the controllable frequency source circuit 20 is a termination+12V power supply of resistance R28, another termination triode
The base stage of Q2, one end of the emitter connecting resistance R30 of triode Q2, the other end ground connection of resistance R30, electrolytic capacitor C16 is just
Pole connects the emitter of triode Q2, and the cathode ground connection of electrolytic capacitor C16, the one of resistance R29 terminates the base stage of triode Q2, another
End ground connection, the base stage of a termination triode Q2 of capacitor C18, signal output end of the other end as controllable frequency source 20 are denoted as
Port SinM_out, with the port PHASE_in2 of phase-comparison circuit 31 and the input terminal phase of the 2nd PZT driving circuit 24
Even, a termination port SinM_out of capacitor C17, the collector of another termination triode Q2 of capacitor C17, controllable impedance L1's
The collector of one termination triode Q2, another termination+12V power supply, a termination port SinM_out of inductance L2, inductance L2's is another
One termination+12V power supply, a termination port SinM_out of capacitor C19, the homophase input grade of another termination amplifier U15, resistance
One end of R32 is grounded, the homophase input grade of another termination amplifier U15, one end of the anti-phase input grade connecting resistance R31 of amplifier U15,
The other end of resistance R31 is grounded, and signal input part of the output end of amplifier U15 as controllable frequency source 23 is denoted as port FrqM_
Out is connected with single-chip microcontroller 20, the positive supply termination+5V power supply of amplifier U15, the negative power end ground connection of amplifier U15.
The preferred 980nm laser light source of pumping source 1.
First photo-coupler 2,1 × 2 photo-coupler that the preferred splitting ratio of third photo-coupler 6 is 10:90, it is described
The second photo-coupler 17, the preferred splitting ratio of the 4th photo-coupler 7 be 50:50 2 × 2 photo-couplers.
The utility model has the advantages that
1, the present invention uses sinusoidal signal as modulated signal, compared with the prior art is modulated using sawtooth signal,
High-frequency Interference will not be generated, so that sensor-based system work is more reliable.
2, the present invention uses adaptive amplitude normalizing circuit by the amplitude auto-changing of signal after demodulation at suitable phase ratio
Compared with the size that circuit is compared, so that phase-detection error is smaller, the sensing accuracy of entire sensor-based system is effectively increased.
3, compared with prior art, frequency modulating signal of the invention is adjustable, so that sensor-based system applied field of the invention
It closes wider.
4, the present invention has temperature compensation function, effectively overcomes influence of the environment temperature to parameter sensing.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is whole functional block diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the basic circuit diagram for the functional transformation circuit that the present invention uses.
Fig. 3 is the basic circuit diagram for the adaptive amplitude normalizing circuit that the present invention uses.
Fig. 4 is the basic circuit diagram for the phase-comparison circuit that the present invention uses.
Fig. 5 is the basic circuit diagram for the reference voltage circuit that the present invention uses.
Fig. 6 is the basic circuit diagram in the controllable frequency source that the present invention uses.
Specific embodiment
The working principle of the invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawing, it should be appreciated that the component marked in attached drawing
Parameter is the preferred parameter that following embodiment uses, rather than limiting the scope of the invention.
The overall structure of the invention of embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, overall structure of the invention has, pumping source 1 be (Shanghai Ke Naite laser Science and Technology Ltd.
VENUS series 980nm high power single mode pump light source, model VLSS-980-B, maximum single-mode output optical power are 1200mW)
Output end and the first photo-coupler 2 (OZ-OPTICS company produces, model FUSED-12-1064-7/125-90/10-3U-
3mm, splitting ratio 90:10) input terminal be connected, (Shanghai is vast for an output end and the light wavelength division multiplexing 3 of the first photo-coupler
Space Fibre Optical Communication Technology Co., Ltd production fused tapered 980/1550nm pump light wave division multiplex coupler) 980nm
End is connected, the end 1550nm of light wavelength division multiplexing 3 and be wrapped in the first piezoelectric ceramics 12 (cylindrical piezoelectric ceramics, outer diameter 50mm,
Internal diameter 40mm, high 50mm) on optical fiber one end be connected, be wrapped in the other end and first of the optical fiber on the first piezoelectric ceramics 12
(1310/1480/1550nm of Shanghai Han Yu Fibre Optical Communication Technology Co., Ltd production polarizes unrelated optical isolation to optoisolator 11
Device) input terminal be connected, the control terminal of the first piezoelectric ceramics 12 is connected with the output port of the first PZT driving circuit 13, first
The input terminal of PZT driving circuit 13 is connected with the output port of the first D/A converting circuit 14, the first D/A converting circuit 14
Input port is connected with single-chip microcontroller 20 (STC89C51)；The output end and 10 (Micron of optical filter of first optoisolator 11
Optics company production, model FFP-TF-1060-010G0200-2.0) light input end be connected, optical filter 10 it is automatically controlled
End processed is connected with single-chip microcontroller 20, light output end and the optical circulator 8 (PIOC3- of Shanghai Han Yu company production of optical filter 10
15) first port is connected, and the second port of optical circulator 8 is connected with one end of Bragg grating group 9 (JH-FGA-A101),
(OZ-OPTICS company produces the third port and third photo-coupler 6 of optical circulator 8, model FUSED-12-1064-7/
125-90/10-3U-3mm, splitting ratio 90:10) input terminal be connected, 90% output end and the second light of third photo-coupler 6
Isolator 5 (the 1310/1480/1550nm polarization independent optical isolator of Shanghai Han Yu Fibre Optical Communication Technology Co., Ltd production)
Input terminal is connected, and (the high-performance 980nm of Nufern company of U.S. production is pumped for the output end and Er-doped fiber 4 of the second optoisolator 5
The C-Band Er-doped fiber at Pu, model EDFC-980-HP, 3 meters) one end be connected, the other end and light wave point of Er-doped fiber 4
The common end of multiplexer 3 is connected, and above structure constitutes basic luminaire part and the transducing part of fibre optical sensor；Third optocoupler
The 10% output end output of clutch 6 is defeated with the 4th photo-coupler 7 (2 × 2 standard single mode photo-couplers, splitting ratio 50:50)
Enter end to be connected, the 27 (MFI- of THORLABS company production of an output end of the 4th photo-coupler 7 and the second faraday rotation mirror
1310) input terminal is connected, and the another output of the 4th photo-coupler 7 with the second piezoelectric ceramics 25 is wrapped in (press by cylinder
Electroceramics, outer diameter 50mm, internal diameter 40mm, high 50mm) on optical fiber one end be connected, the light being wrapped on the second piezoelectric ceramics 25
The fine other end is connected with the input terminal of the first faraday rotation mirror 26 (MFI-1310 of THORLABS company production), the 4th light
Another input terminal of coupler 7 is connected with the input terminal of the second photoelectric conversion circuit 28；Above-mentioned 4th photo-coupler 7, second
Piezoelectric ceramics 25, the first faraday rotation mirror 26, the second faraday rotation mirror 27 collectively constitute Michelson interference structure.
Structure of the invention in addition, the output end and function translation circuit 29 of the second photoelectric conversion circuit 28 input terminal phase
Even, the output end of functional transformation circuit 29 is connected with an input terminal of adaptive amplitude normalizing circuit 30, reference voltage circuit
32 output end is connected with another input terminal of adaptive amplitude normalizing circuit 30, the output of adaptive amplitude normalizing circuit 30
End is connected with an input terminal of phase-comparison circuit 31；The frequency output terminal in controllable frequency source 23 is connected with single-chip microcontroller 20, letter
Number output end is connected with another input terminal of phase-comparison circuit 31, is also connected with the input terminal of the 2nd PZT driving circuit 24,
The output end of phase-comparison circuit 31 is connected with single-chip microcontroller 20, the output end and the second piezoelectric ceramics of the 2nd PZT driving circuit 24
25 control terminal is connected, and above structure constitutes the demodulation part of sensor.Another output end and second of first photo-coupler 2
One input terminal of photo-coupler 17 (2 × 2 standard single mode photo-couplers, splitting ratio 50:50) is connected, the second photo-coupler 17
Another input terminal and dehydrated alcohol filling photonic crystal fiber 16 (by N KT Photonics company produce PM-1550-
The airport filling dehydrated alcohol of 01 photonic crystal fiber is constituted) input terminal be connected, one of the second photo-coupler 17 output
It holds and is connected with the output end of dehydrated alcohol filling photonic crystal fiber 16, the another output and first of the second photo-coupler 17
The input terminal of photoelectric conversion circuit 18 is connected, the output end of the first photoelectric conversion circuit 18 and the input terminal of analog to digital conversion circuit 19
It is connected, the output end of analog to digital conversion circuit 19 is connected with single-chip microcontroller 20, and above structure is that the present invention provides temperature compensation functions.
Single-chip microcontroller 20 also respectively with display screen 22, serial communication modular 21 (MAX232), input key 15 be connected, for be arranged parameter,
The functions such as information are communicated and shown with computer.
2 functional transformation circuit of embodiment
The structure of the functional transformation circuit 29 is, one end of capacitor C3 and the pin 12 of trigonometric function converter U1 and
One end of resistance R2 is connected, and input terminal of the other end of capacitor C3 as functional transformation circuit 29 is denoted as port ACOS_in, with
The output end of second photoelectric conversion circuit 28 is connected；The other end of resistance R2 is grounded；The pin 2 of trigonometric function converter U1,3,
4,5,8,11,13 ground connection, pin 9,10 are connected with one end of capacitor C2 and -12V power supply, the other end ground connection of capacitor C2；Triangle
The pin 6 of function converter U1 is connected with pin 7, and pin 16 is connected with one end of+12V power supply and capacitor C1, and capacitor C1's is another
One end ground connection；The pin 1 of trigonometric function converter U1 is connected with the sliding end of slide rheostat W1, one end of slide rheostat W1
It is connected with one end of resistance R1, the other end of resistance R1 is connected with the pin 14 of trigonometric function converter U1, slide rheostat W1
Output end of the sliding end as functional transformation circuit 29, port ACOS_out is denoted as, with adaptive amplitude normalizing circuit 30
Input terminal is connected；The model AD639 of the trigonometric function converter U1；The circuit has the function of anti-cosine transform, by
The signal of two photoelectric conversion circuits 28 output carries out anticosine processing.
The adaptive amplitude normalizing circuit of embodiment 3
Since the signal amplitude that functional transformation circuit 29 exports is smaller, and influenced by multiple parameters in optical path and circuit,
Size is indefinite, therefore the present invention devises adaptive amplitude normalizing circuit 30, for the signal for exporting functional transformation circuit 29
Amplitude normalization at best size, to further increase the precision of demodulation.Specific structure is one end of capacitor C11 and resistance
One end of R21 and the pin 3 of chip U2 are connected, and the other end ground connection of resistance R21, the other end of capacitor C11 is as adaptive width
The input terminal for spending normalizing circuit 30, is denoted as port ADAPT_in, and the port ACOS_out of and function translation circuit 29 is connected；Chip
Pin 1, pin 7, pin 8, the pin 14 of U2 is grounded, and pin 2 is connected with+5V power supply with pin 4, pin 11 and pin 12
It is connected and is connected with one end of capacitor C5 and+5V power supply, the other end ground connection of capacitor C5；The pin 13 of chip U2 is with capacitor C4's
One end is connected, the other end ground connection of capacitor C4；The pin 9 of chip U2 is connected with one end of capacitor C6, another termination of capacitor C6
Ground；The pin 5 of chip U2 is connected with one end of resistance R20 and resistance R19, and the other end ground connection of resistance R20, resistance R19's is another
One end is connected with one end of the output end of amplifier U8 and resistance R17, the positive supply termination+5V power supply of amplifier U8, negative supply termination
Ground；The other end of resistance R17 is connected with one end of one end of resistance R15 and resistance R16, and is connected to the anti-phase input of amplifier U8
End；The non-inverting input terminal of amplifier U8 is connected with one end of resistance R18, and the other end of resistance R18 is connected with+2.5V power supply；Resistance
The other end of R15 is connected with one end of capacitor C10, and is connected to the output end of amplifier U7；Positive supply termination+5V the electricity of amplifier U7
Source, negative power end ground connection；The other end of capacitor C10 is connected with one end of slide rheostat W3 and sliding end, and is connected to amplifier U7
Inverting input terminal；The non-inverting input terminal of amplifier U7 is connected with one end of resistance R14, the other end and+2.5V power supply of resistance R14
It is connected；The other end of slide rheostat W3 is connected with one end of resistance R13；The other end of resistance R16 is with slide rheostat W2's
The output end of sliding end and amplifier U6 are connected, and one end of slide rheostat W2 is connected with one end of resistance R11；Resistance R11's is another
One end is connected with one end of resistance R10, and is connected to the inverting input terminal of amplifier U6；Positive supply termination+5V the power supply of amplifier U6 is born
Power end ground connection；The non-inverting input terminal of amplifier U6 is connected with one end of resistance R12, the other end and the+2.5V power supply phase of resistance R12
Even；The other end of resistance R10 is connected with one end of the other end of resistance R13 and resistance R7, and is connected to the output end of amplifier U5；Electricity
The other end of resistance R7 is connected with one end of resistance R6, and is connected to the inverting input terminal of amplifier U5；Another termination amplifier of resistance R6
The output end of U4, the positive supply termination+5V power supply of amplifier U5, negative power end ground connection；One end of resistance R8 and one end of resistance R9
It is connected, and is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of amplifier U5, the other end of resistance R9 is connected with+2.5V power supply；The other end of resistance R8 is made
For the reference voltage end of adaptive amplitude normalizing circuit 30, it is connected with the reference voltage output terminal of reference voltage circuit 32；Chip
Output end of the pin 10 of U2 as adaptive amplitude normalizing circuit 30, is denoted as port ADAPT_out, with phase-comparison circuit 31
An input terminal be connected；The pin 10 of chip U2 is connected with one end of capacitor C7, the other end of capacitor C7 and the one of resistance R22
The non-inverting input terminal of end and amplifier U3 are connected, the other end ground connection of resistance R22；One end of resistance R3 and one end and two of capacitor C8
The anode of pole pipe D1 is connected, and is connected to the inverting input terminal of amplifier U3, and the substrate (i.e. pin 8) of amplifier U3 is connected to the anti-of amplifier U3
Phase input terminal；Positive supply termination+5V the power supply of amplifier U3, negative supply termination -5V power supply；The other end and diode D1 of capacitor C8
Cathode and the anode of diode D2 be connected, and be connected to the output end of amplifier U3；The other end of resistance R3 and one end of resistance R4
And the inverting input terminal of amplifier U4 is connected, the grid phase of the other end of resistance R4 and the cathode of diode D2 and field-effect tube Q1
Even, the source electrode of field-effect tube Q1 is connected with one end of one end of capacitor C9 and resistance R5, and the other end of capacitor C9 is with resistance R5's
The other end is connected and is grounded；The source electrode of field-effect tube Q1 is connected with the drain electrode of field-effect tube Q1, and is connected to the same mutually defeated of amplifier U4
Enter end；The inverting input terminal of amplifier U4 is connected with the output end of the substrate of amplifier U4 and amplifier U4；The positive supply termination of amplifier U3+
5V power supply, negative supply termination -5V power supply；The chip U2 is variable gain amplifier chip, and model is AD8367.
4 phase-comparison circuit of embodiment
As shown in figure 4, the structure for the phase-comparison circuit 31 that the present invention uses is, one end of capacitor C12 is with amplifier U9's
One end of non-inverting input terminal and resistance R23 are connected, an input terminal of the other end of capacitor C12 as phase-comparison circuit 31,
It is denoted as port PHASE_in1, is connected with the port ADAPT_out of adaptive amplitude normalizing circuit 30；Another termination of resistance R23
Ground；Positive supply termination+5V the power supply of amplifier U9, negative power end ground connection, reverse inter-input-ing ending grounding, output termination d type flip flop U10A
The end CLK；The port D of d type flip flop U10A is grounded；The one end capacitor C13 ground connection, the end PR of another termination d type flip flop U10A；Resistance
R24 mono- terminates the end PR of d type flip flop U10A, the end Q of another termination d type flip flop U10A；CLR termination+5V the electricity of d type flip flop U10A
Source, the end PR of the Q non-terminated d type flip flop U12A of d type flip flop U10A；One end of capacitor C14 and the non-inverting input terminal of amplifier U11 and
One end of resistance R25 is connected, another input terminal of the other end of capacitor C12 as phase-comparison circuit 31 is denoted as port
PHASE_in2 is connected with the port SineM_out in controllable frequency source 23；The other end of resistance R25 is grounded；The positive electricity of amplifier U11
Source connects+5V power supply, negative power end ground connection, reverse inter-input-ing ending grounding, the end CLK of output termination d type flip flop U10B；D type flip flop
The port D of U10B is grounded；The one end capacitor C15 ground connection, the end PR of another termination d type flip flop U10B；Resistance R26 mono- terminates D triggering
The end PR of device U10B, the end Q of another termination d type flip flop U10B；CLR termination+5V the power supply of d type flip flop U10B, d type flip flop U10B
Q non-terminated d type flip flop U12A the end CLR；The end D and the end CLK of d type flip flop U12A is grounded, and the end Q is as phase-comparison circuit
31 output end is denoted as port PHASE_out.The standard sine wave and adaptive amplitude that the circuit exports controllable frequency source 23
The sine wave (environment that its phase is detected by Bragg grating group 9 is influenced) that normalizing circuit 30 exports carries out phase bit comparison, and
Comparison result is sent into single-chip microcontroller 20, single-chip microcontroller 20 calculates the stress or temperature at Bragg grating group 9 according to the phase differential
The variation of degree.
5 reference voltage circuit of embodiment
As shown in figure 5, the structure of the reference voltage circuit 32 is, and a termination+5V power supply of resistance R27, the other end
The non-inverting input terminal of amplifier U13, the plus earth of zener diode D3 are connect, cathode meets amplifier U13 non-inverting input terminal, amplifier U13
Inverting input terminal be connected with output end, positive supply termination+5V power supply, negative power end ground connection, output end be+2.5V power supply, respectively
+ 2.5V power supply in module is provided by the output end；A termination+2.5V power supply of slide rheostat W4, other end ground connection are sliding
Moved end connects the non-inverting input terminal of amplifier U14；The anti-phase input of amplifier U14 terminates its output end, and positive supply termination+5V power supply is born
Power end ground connection, output end of the output end as reference voltage circuit 32 is denoted as port Vref, with adaptive amplitude normalizing circuit
30 reference voltage end is connected.The circuit is used to provide+2.5V voltage and reference voltage for adaptive amplitude normalizing circuit 30.
6 controllable frequency source of embodiment
As shown in fig. 6, the structure in controllable frequency source 23 used in the present invention is, a termination+12V power supply of resistance R28,
The base stage of another termination triode Q2, one end of the emitter connecting resistance R30 of triode Q2, the other end ground connection of resistance R30, electricity
The anode of solution capacitor C16 connects the emitter of triode Q2, the cathode ground connection of electrolytic capacitor C16, a termination triode of resistance R29
The base stage of Q2, other end ground connection, the base stage of a termination triode Q2 of capacitor C18, letter of the other end as controllable frequency source 20
Number output end, is denoted as port SinM_out, the port PHASE_in2 and the 2nd PZT driving circuit with phase-comparison circuit 31
24 input terminal is connected, a termination port SinM_out of capacitor C17, the collector of another termination triode Q2 of capacitor C17,
The collector of a termination triode Q2 of controllable impedance L1, another termination+12V power supply, a termination port SinM_ of inductance L2
Another termination+12V power supply of out, inductance L2, a termination port SinM_out of capacitor C19, another termination amplifier U15's is same
Phase input stage, one end ground connection of resistance R32, the homophase input grade of another termination amplifier U15, the anti-phase input grade of amplifier U15 connect
The output end of one end of resistance R31, the other end ground connection of resistance R31, amplifier U15 is inputted as the signal in controllable frequency source 23
End, is denoted as port FrqM_out, is connected with single-chip microcontroller 20, the positive supply termination+5V power supply of amplifier U15, the negative supply of amplifier U15
End ground connection.The adjustable standard sine wave of the circuit output frequency, required sinusoidal signal is provided for demodulation part of the invention.
7 the working principle of the invention of embodiment
In conjunction with the various embodiments described above and each attached drawing, illustrate the working principle of the invention.When work, by bragg grating
Group 8 is placed on each position for needing to monitor, and (bridge of such as wanting monitor stress to change or wants monitoring temperature at building load-bearing pillar
The mine etc. of variation), it is bragg grating group by the optical fiber laser annular chamber that Er-doped fiber 3, optoisolator 4 etc. form
8 provide wideband light source, and each bragg grating has a specific reflectance spectrum, different gratings, the peak of reflectance spectrum
It is different to be worth wavelength, when some measured physical quantity changes, the reflectance spectrum peak wavelength of the bragg grating at this
It can occur to deviate accordingly, reflected light enters by the second photo-coupler 6, the second piezoelectric ceramics 23, the first faraday rotation mirror 24
In the Michelson's interferometer constituted with the second faraday rotation mirror 25, while controllable frequency source 23 mentions for Michelson's interferometer
For a control signal sin (ω t), which is influenced in interferometer by the light that bragg grating reflects, then through the
Two photoelectric conversion circuits 28 are converted into electric signal and by obtaining sin (ω t+ Δ after the anti-cosine transform of functional transformation circuit 29
θ), which is adjusted to a suitable size (by reference voltage circuit 32 through adaptive 30 amplitude of amplitude normalizing circuit
Control), compared with controllable frequency source 23 generates sinusoidal signal sin (ω t), phase is changed signal at this time, passes through phase
The phase difference detection of the two is come out and is sent into single-chip microcontroller 20 by bit comparison circuit 31, answering for measured point of the phase difference real reaction
Power or temperature change finally realize the detection to measurand.The present invention is during modulation and demodulation without using saw
Tooth wave, so as to avoid sawtooth wave failing edge bring high-frequency jitter signal, also there is no need to use band logical in demodulator circuit
Filter is filtered, and is avoided and is had an impact to the amplitude-frequency characteristic and phase-frequency characteristic of output signal.The present invention is utilizing standard just
String wave signal is as PZT modulated signal, when demodulating to modulated signal, dexterously using functional transformation circuit 29 and certainly
Modulated signal is being recovered phase is controlled by Bragg grating group 9 and amplitude suitably just by amplitude of adaptation normalizing circuit 30
String signal can highly precisely compare controlled signal and original when so that carrying out phase bit comparison in phase-comparison circuit 31
The phase difference of beginning signal, thus the environmental parameter that accurately reaction sensing head (i.e. Bragg grating group 9) is detected.
Since optical fiber laser annular chamber (is generally sensed with bragg grating group 8 vulnerable to environment temperature at work
Pop one's head in not in same position) influence, therefore temperature compensation function has also been devised in the present invention, fills photonic crystal by dehydrated alcohol
Optical fiber 16, the second photo-coupler 17, the first photoelectric conversion circuit 18 and analog to digital conversion circuit 19 are constituted.Dehydrated alcohol fills photon
Crystal optical fibre 16 is temperature sensor, can cause to generate variation by the phase of its laser when the environmental temperature is changed, into
And change the output electric current of the first photoelectric conversion circuit 18, then be converted into digital signal input single-chip microcontroller through analog to digital conversion circuit 19
20, measurement result bring error is given in the variation for environment temperature locating for compensated optical fiber laser annular chamber.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of fibre optical sensor based on Michelson interference, structure have, the output end and the first optical coupling of pumping source (1)
The input terminal of device (2) is connected, and an output end of the first photo-coupler is connected with the end 980nm of light wavelength division multiplexing (3), light wave
The end 1550nm of division multiplexer (3) is connected with the one end for the optical fiber being wrapped on the first piezoelectric ceramics (12), is wrapped in the first pressure
The other end of optical fiber on electroceramics (12) is connected with the input terminal of the first optoisolator (11), the control of the first piezoelectric ceramics (12)
End processed is connected with the output port of the first PZT driving circuit (13), the input terminal and the first digital-to-analogue of the first PZT driving circuit (13)
The output port of conversion circuit (14) is connected, and the input port of the first D/A converting circuit (14) is connected with single-chip microcontroller (20)；The
The output end of one optoisolator (11) is connected with the light input end of optical filter (10), the electric control end of optical filter (10) and list
Piece machine (20) is connected, and the light output end of optical filter (10) is connected with the first port of optical circulator (8), optical circulator (8)
Second port is connected with the one end of Bragg grating group (9), third port and third photo-coupler (6) of optical circulator (8)
Input terminal be connected, 90% output end of third photo-coupler (6) is connected with the input terminal of the second optoisolator (5), the second light every
Output end from device (5) is connected with one end of Er-doped fiber (4), the other end and light wavelength division multiplexing (3) of Er-doped fiber (4)
Common end is connected；The 10% output end output of third photo-coupler (6) is connected with the input terminal of the 4th photo-coupler (7), and the 4th
One output end of photo-coupler (7) is connected with the input terminal of the second faraday rotation mirror (27), the 4th photo-coupler (7) it is another
One output end is connected with the one end for the optical fiber being wrapped on the second piezoelectric ceramics (25), is wrapped on the second piezoelectric ceramics (25)
The other end of optical fiber be connected with the input terminal of the first faraday rotation mirror (26), another input of the 4th photo-coupler (7)
End is connected with the input terminal of the second photoelectric conversion circuit (28)；
It is characterized in that, structure in addition, the output end and function translation circuit (29) of the second photoelectric conversion circuit (28) input
End is connected, and the output end of functional transformation circuit (29) is connected with an input terminal of adaptive amplitude normalizing circuit (30), benchmark
The output end of potential circuit (32) is connected with another input terminal of adaptive amplitude normalizing circuit (30), adaptive amplitude normalizing
The output end of circuit (30) is connected with an input terminal of phase-comparison circuit (31)；The frequency output terminal in controllable frequency source (23)
It is connected with single-chip microcontroller (20), signal output end is connected with another input terminal of phase-comparison circuit (31), also drives with the 2nd PZT
The input terminal of dynamic circuit (24) is connected, and the output end of phase-comparison circuit (31) is connected with single-chip microcontroller (20)；2nd PZT driving electricity
The output end on road (24) is connected with the control terminal of the second piezoelectric ceramics (25)；Another output end of first photo-coupler (2) and
One input terminal of two photo-couplers (17) is connected, another input terminal and dehydrated alcohol of the second photo-coupler (17) fill light
The input terminal of photonic crystal fiber (16) is connected, and an output end and dehydrated alcohol for the second photo-coupler (17) fills photonic crystal
The output end of optical fiber (16) is connected, and the another output of the second photo-coupler (17) is defeated with the first photoelectric conversion circuit (18)
Enter end to be connected, the output end of the first photoelectric conversion circuit (18) is connected with the input terminal of analog to digital conversion circuit (19), analog-to-digital conversion
(20 are connected the output end of circuit (19) with single-chip microcontroller；Single-chip microcontroller (20) also respectively with display screen (22), serial communication modular
(21), input key (15) is connected；
The structure of the functional transformation circuit (29) is one end of capacitor C3 and the pin 12 and electricity of trigonometric function converter U1
The one end for hindering R2 is connected, and input terminal of the other end of capacitor C3 as functional transformation circuit (29) is denoted as port ACOS_in, with
The output end of second photoelectric conversion circuit (28) is connected；The other end of resistance R2 is grounded；The pin 2 of trigonometric function converter U1,
3,4,5,8,11,13 ground connection, pin 9,10 are connected with one end of capacitor C2 and -12V power supply, the other end ground connection of capacitor C2；Three
The pin 6 of angle function converter U1 is connected with pin 7, and pin 16 is connected with one end of+12V power supply and capacitor C1, capacitor C1's
Other end ground connection；The pin 1 of trigonometric function converter U1 is connected with the sliding end of slide rheostat W1, and the one of slide rheostat W1
End is connected with one end of resistance R1, and the other end of resistance R1 is connected with the pin 14 of trigonometric function converter U1, slide rheostat
Output end of the sliding end of W1 as functional transformation circuit (29), is denoted as port ACOS_out, with adaptive amplitude normalizing circuit
(30) input terminal is connected；The model AD639 of the trigonometric function converter U1；
The structure of the adaptive amplitude normalizing circuit (30) is one end of capacitor C11 and one end of resistance R21 and chip U2
Pin 3 be connected, the other end of resistance R21 ground connection, the other end of capacitor C11 is as the defeated of adaptive amplitude normalizing circuit (30)
Enter end, be denoted as port ADAPT_in, the port ACOS_out of and function translation circuit (29) is connected；Pin 1, the pin of chip U2
7, pin 8, pin 14 are grounded, and pin 2 is connected with+5V power supply with pin 4, pin 11 be connected with pin 12 and with capacitor C5
One end and+5V power supply be connected, the other end of capacitor C5 ground connection；The pin 13 of chip U2 is connected with one end of capacitor C4, capacitor
The other end of C4 is grounded；The pin 9 of chip U2 is connected with one end of capacitor C6, the other end ground connection of capacitor C6；The pipe of chip U2
Foot 5 is connected with one end of resistance R20 and resistance R19, and the other end ground connection of resistance R20, the other end of resistance R19 is with amplifier U8's
One end of output end and resistance R17 are connected, the positive supply termination+5V power supply of amplifier U8, negative power end ground connection；Resistance R17's is another
One end is connected with one end of one end of resistance R15 and resistance R16, and is connected to the inverting input terminal of amplifier U8；The same phase of amplifier U8
Input terminal is connected with one end of resistance R18, and the other end of resistance R18 is connected with+2.5V power supply；The other end and electricity of resistance R15
The one end for holding C10 is connected, and is connected to the output end of amplifier U7；Positive supply termination+5V the power supply of amplifier U7, negative power end ground connection；
The other end of capacitor C10 is connected with one end of slide rheostat W3 and sliding end, and is connected to the inverting input terminal of amplifier U7；Amplifier
The non-inverting input terminal of U7 is connected with one end of resistance R14, and the other end of resistance R14 is connected with+2.5V power supply；Slide rheostat W3
The other end be connected with one end of resistance R13；The sliding end of the other end of resistance R16 and slide rheostat W2 and amplifier U6's is defeated
Outlet is connected, and one end of slide rheostat W2 is connected with one end of resistance R11；The other end of resistance R11 and one end of resistance R10
It is connected, and is connected to the inverting input terminal of amplifier U6；Positive supply termination+5V the power supply of amplifier U6, negative power end ground connection；Amplifier U6's
Non-inverting input terminal is connected with one end of resistance R12, and the other end of resistance R12 is connected with+2.5V power supply；The other end of resistance R10
It is connected with one end of the other end of resistance R13 and resistance R7, and is connected to the output end of amplifier U5；The other end and resistance of resistance R7
One end of R6 is connected, and is connected to the inverting input terminal of amplifier U5；The output end of another termination amplifier U4 of resistance R6, amplifier U5's
Positive supply termination+5V power supply, negative power end ground connection；One end of resistance R8 is connected with one end of resistance R9, and is connected to amplifier U5's
The other end of non-inverting input terminal, resistance R9 is connected with+2.5V power supply；The other end of resistance R8 is as adaptive amplitude normalizing circuit
(30) reference voltage end is connected with the reference voltage output terminal of reference voltage circuit (32)；The pin 10 of chip U2 is as certainly
The output end of amplitude of adaptation normalizing circuit (30), is denoted as port ADAPT_out, an input terminal with phase-comparison circuit (31)
It is connected；The pin 10 of chip U2 is connected with one end of capacitor C7, the other end of capacitor C7 and one end of resistance R22 and amplifier U3's
Non-inverting input terminal is connected, the other end ground connection of resistance R22；The anode of one end of resistance R3 and one end of capacitor C8 and diode D1
It is connected, and is connected to the inverting input terminal of amplifier U3, the substrate (i.e. pin 8) of amplifier U3 is connected to the inverting input terminal of amplifier U3；Fortune
Put the positive supply termination+5V power supply of U3, negative supply termination -5V power supply；The other end of capacitor C8 and the cathode and two of diode D1
The anode of pole pipe D2 is connected, and is connected to the output end of amplifier U3；The other end of resistance R3 and one end of resistance R4 and amplifier U4's
Inverting input terminal is connected, and the other end of resistance R4 is connected with the grid of the cathode of diode D2 and field-effect tube Q1, field-effect tube
The source electrode of Q1 is connected with one end of one end of capacitor C9 and resistance R5, and the other end of capacitor C9 is connected simultaneously with the other end of resistance R5
Ground connection；The source electrode of field-effect tube Q1 is connected with the drain electrode of field-effect tube Q1, and is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of amplifier U4；Amplifier U4's
Inverting input terminal is connected with the output end of the substrate of amplifier U4 and amplifier U4；Positive supply termination+5V the power supply of amplifier U3, negative supply
Termination -5V power supply；The chip U2 is variable gain amplifier chip, and model is AD8367；
The structure of the phase-comparison circuit (31) is one end of capacitor C12 and the non-inverting input terminal of amplifier U9 and resistance R23
One end be connected, an input terminal of the other end of capacitor C12 as phase-comparison circuit (31) is denoted as port PHASE_in1,
It is connected with the port ADAPT_out of adaptive amplitude normalizing circuit (30)；The other end of resistance R23 is grounded；The positive electricity of amplifier U9
Source connects+5V power supply, negative power end ground connection, reverse inter-input-ing ending grounding, the end CLK of output termination d type flip flop U10A；D type flip flop
The port D of U10A is grounded；The one end capacitor C13 ground connection, the end PR of another termination d type flip flop U10A；Resistance R24 mono- terminates D triggering
The end PR of device U10A, the end Q of another termination d type flip flop U10A；CLR termination+5V the power supply of d type flip flop U10A, d type flip flop U10A
Q non-terminated d type flip flop U12A the end PR；One end of one end of capacitor C14 and the non-inverting input terminal of amplifier U11 and resistance R25
It is connected, another input terminal of the other end of capacitor C12 as phase-comparison circuit (31) is denoted as port PHASE_in2, and can
The port SineM_out for controlling frequency source (23) is connected；The other end of resistance R25 is grounded；Positive supply termination+5V the electricity of amplifier U11
Source, negative power end ground connection, reverse inter-input-ing ending grounding, the end CLK of output termination d type flip flop U10B；The port D of d type flip flop U10B
Ground connection；The one end capacitor C15 ground connection, the end PR of another termination d type flip flop U10B；The PR of the termination of resistance R26 mono- d type flip flop U10B
End, the end Q of another termination d type flip flop U10B；CLR termination+5V the power supply of d type flip flop U10B, the Q non-terminated D of d type flip flop U10B
The end CLR of trigger U12A；The end D and the end CLK of d type flip flop U12A is grounded, output of the end Q as phase-comparison circuit (31)
End, is denoted as port PHASE_out；
The structure of the reference voltage circuit (32) is a termination+5V power supply of resistance R27, and another termination amplifier U13's is same
Phase input terminal, the plus earth of zener diode D3, cathode connect amplifier U13 non-inverting input terminal, the inverting input terminal of amplifier U13 with
Output end is connected, positive supply termination+5V power supply, and negative power end ground connection, output end is+2.5V power supply ,+2.5V the electricity in each module
Source is provided by the output end；A termination+2.5V power supply of slide rheostat W4, other end ground connection, sliding termination amplifier U14's
Non-inverting input terminal；The anti-phase input of amplifier U14 terminates its output end, positive supply termination+5V power supply, negative power end ground connection, output
The output end as reference voltage circuit (32) is held, port Vref is denoted as, the reference electricity with adaptive amplitude normalizing circuit (30)
Pressure side is connected；
The structure of the controllable frequency source circuit (20) is a termination+12V power supply of resistance R28, another termination triode Q2
Base stage, one end of the emitter connecting resistance R30 of triode Q2, resistance R30 the other end ground connection, the anode of electrolytic capacitor C16
Connect the emitter of triode Q2, the cathode ground connection of electrolytic capacitor C16, the base stage of a termination triode Q2 of resistance R29, the other end
Ground connection, the base stage of a termination triode Q2 of capacitor C18, signal output end of the other end as controllable frequency source (20) are denoted as
Port SinM_out, with the port PHASE_in2 of phase-comparison circuit (31) and the input terminal of the 2nd PZT driving circuit (24)
It is connected, a termination port SinM_out of capacitor C17, the collector of another termination triode Q2 of capacitor C17, controllable impedance L1
One termination triode Q2 collector, another termination+12V power supply, inductance L2 one termination port SinM_out, inductance L2's
Another termination+12V power supply, a termination port SinM_out of capacitor C19, the homophase input grade of another termination amplifier U15, resistance
One end of R32 is grounded, the homophase input grade of another termination amplifier U15, one end of the anti-phase input grade connecting resistance R31 of amplifier U15,
The other end of resistance R31 is grounded, and signal input part of the output end of amplifier U15 as controllable frequency source (23) is denoted as port
FrqM_out is connected with single-chip microcontroller (20), the positive supply termination+5V power supply of amplifier U15, the negative power end ground connection of amplifier U15.
2. a kind of fibre optical sensor based on Michelson interference according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pump
Pu source (1) is 980nm laser light source.
3. a kind of fibre optical sensor based on Michelson interference according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that described
The first photo-coupler (2), third photo-coupler (6) be splitting ratio be 10:90 1 × 2 photo-coupler, second optocoupler
Clutch (17), the 4th photo-coupler (7) are 2 × 2 photo-couplers that splitting ratio is 50:50.
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