CN109028457A - A kind of control method of central air-conditioning load response HVDC locking accident - Google Patents
A kind of control method of central air-conditioning load response HVDC locking accident Download PDFInfo
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- CN109028457A CN109028457A CN201810713885.8A CN201810713885A CN109028457A CN 109028457 A CN109028457 A CN 109028457A CN 201810713885 A CN201810713885 A CN 201810713885A CN 109028457 A CN109028457 A CN 109028457A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
- F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
- F24F11/38—Failure diagnosis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
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Abstract
The invention discloses the control methods of central air-conditioning load response HVDC locking accident, comprising the following steps: measurement information of acquisition central air-conditioning in real time, including setting cooling water inlet and outlet temperature, chilled water inlet and outlet temperature, central air conditioner main machine power etc.；HVDC is latched after the accident, and stable cutting load main website assigns cutting load by communications protocol and instructs, and load substation executes cutting load order, the load substation central air-conditioning load controlled by communications protocol excision；Restore feeder line power supply, the percentage of current for controlling air-conditioning is consistent with before accident；Release the limitation to air-conditioning percentage of current；Release the limitation to air-conditioning percentage of current；Full time domain simulation model is established, control centre grasps the situation of change that system frequency after control is added in load by full time domain simulation model.The present invention is enable to respond quickly HVDC locking accident, and the influence very little to central air conditioning equipment avoids the secondary power caused by system from impacting, facilitates frequency response after grid dispatching center grasp accident.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of control methods of central air-conditioning load response HVDC transmission line locking accident.
Background technique
To solve extremely urgent environment, energy problem at present, the renewable energy such as wind, light just worldwide big rule
Mould development and utilization, China have also formulated the energy strategy of " global energy internet " thus.In China, a large amount of renewable energy
Resource concentrates on the Northwest, and big load center is then distributed in southeast.It is more next both at home and abroad to receive more renewable energy
More extra-high voltage direct-current (HVDC) transmission of electricity projects have been built up or have been built, and there is peaceful east in China at present --- Zhejiang, Yunnan
There are India northeast in the Jiangsu etc. northwest --- Guangdong, Jin Bei --- HVDC route, foreign countries --- three end HVDC route of Agra, Brazil
Beautiful scenery with hills and waters electricity sends out I, II and returns HVDC route.For some load centers, a large amount of electric energy are transmitted electricity from HVDC, HVDC power transmission line
Road failure can seriously jeopardize power system security and stablize, for example Brazil 3.21 in 2018 has a power failure on a large scale, and since HVDC route is latched, leads
Cause the domestic a wide range of power outages of Brazil.After accident frequently with control means be cutting load control, but excessive excision load can be to society
It will cause very serious negative effect.
It negatively affects caused by society to reduce large area excision load after HVDC locking accident, passes through in the prior art
Load responding reduces workload demand, improves security of system.Since accounting is very big in load for temperature control load, many areas, example
Such as air conditioner load on Shanghai, Jinan ground accounts for 40% or more of load total amount in summer, and temperature control load has hot energy storage special
Property, the excision temperature control load of transience will not cause to significantly affect to user, suitable for load responding.Central air-conditioning load is
A kind of the advantages of typical temperature control load, central air-conditioning relative distribution formula air-conditioning: single power is big, thermal inertia more greatly and conveniently
Further control, therefore the load responding of the potential locking of the HVDC in response accident of central air-conditioning are realized in existing control platform
Resource.
The control of central air-conditioning load response HVDC locking accident has the following problems in the prior art:
1) the central air-conditioning load modeling of response HVDC locking accident is immature.
2) directly excision central air-conditioning does not account for users'comfort at present, and the power punching occurred after restoring electricity
New harm may be brought to system by hitting.
3) fail to establish the frequency response models after control central air-conditioning load, be born so that grid dispatching center accurately understands
The effect of lotus response.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is exactly in order to solve the above problems existing in the present technology, to provide a kind of central air-conditioning load response HVDC
The control method of locking accident；The central air-conditioning load model that the present invention is latched accident by establishing response HVDC, establishes and is added
Central air-conditioning load control is included in stable cutting load system, can quickly rung by the frequency response models after central air-conditioning load
It answers HVDC to be latched accident, is avoided that secondary power impact when load restoration, has fully considered the comfort level of user side, facilitated electricity
It nets control centre and understands load responding effect.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of control method of central air-conditioning load response HVDC locking accident, comprising the following steps:
1) measurement information of acquisition central air-conditioning, including setting cooling water inlet and outlet temperature, chilled water disengaging water temperature in real time
Degree, main engine power etc.；
2) after the accident, stable cutting load main website assigns cutting load by communications protocol and instructs for HVDC locking, load
It stands and executes cutting load order, the load substation central air-conditioning load controlled by communications protocol excision；
3) restore feeder line power supply after set period of time, the percentage of current for controlling air-conditioning is consistent with before accident, avoids
Additional impact is caused to system；
4) limitation to air-conditioning percentage of current is released after a set period of time；Release the limit to air-conditioning percentage of current
System is not influence users'comfort, and since the time that different air conditioner loads lift restrictions is different, electric system can also be with
It is not influenced by secondary power impact.
5) full time domain simulation model is established, control centre grasps system after load addition controls by full time domain simulation model
The situation of change of frequency.
In the step 1), since the variation of temperature is relatively slow, the time interval of measurement information acquisition is 30s.
In the step 2), the communications protocol of load substation and central air-conditioning uses MODBUS agreement, the cutting load master
The communications protocol stood between load substation uses IEC104 communication protocol.
In the step 2), removed central air-conditioning load refers to that excision central air conditioner main machine, rest part include oil
Pump, water pump etc. all work normally, and avoid not damaging air-conditioning equipment, since to account for central air-conditioning total for central air conditioner main machine power
The ratio of load is very big, and excision central air conditioner main machine can still play great role in load responding.
It in the step 2), needs quickly to cut off central air conditioner main machine after the accident, if directly limiting air-conditioning electric current
Percentage is 0 and needs to close by several minutes of central air conditioner main machines, for quickly excision air-conditioner host, needs in producer
It assists lower for air-conditioner host installation breaker.
Set period of time in the step 3) depends on requirement and user of the electric system to the load responding time
Requirement of the comfort level to the time, set period of time is 10min here.
In the step 5), full time domain simulation model uses frequency response models.
The full time domain simulation model use frequency response models, including to central air conditioner main machine refrigerating efficiency (COP),
Inlet and outlet temperature variation, fan coil and the end exchange heat power of chilled water are modeled；
Wherein, the refrigerating efficiency modeling of host is fitted to obtain by following formula quadratic function:
Wherein Qe、QchillerThe respectively electrical power, refrigerating capacity of central air-conditioning, unit W；
a0, a1And a2It is fitting parameter, dimensionless respectively；
The inlet and outlet temperature variation model of the chilled water according to the first law of thermodynamics can approximation obtain:
Wherein, Tw,lAnd Tw,eIt is chilled water leaving water temperature and return water temperature respectively, unit is DEG C；
Cw,lAnd Cw,eIt is the thermal capacitance of chilled water water outlet thermal capacitance and return water respectively, unit is J/ DEG C；
Kw=cv is the thermal conductivity of chilled water, and unit is W/ DEG C；
QexchangeIt is the hot exchange power of chilled water and end, unit W；
C is the specific heat capacity of chilled water, and unit is J/ DEG C of kg；
V is the flow of chilled water, unit kg/s；
In the steady state, Kw(Tw,e-Tw,l)=Qchiller, Qchiller=Qexchange,
Fan coil meets Q for chilled water and end exchange heat powerexchange=α (Ti-Tw,l)Kex,
Wherein TiIt is average indoor temperature, unit is DEG C；α is the ratio that the end-equipment in open state accounts for, dimensionless；
KexIt is heat exchange thermal conductivity, unit is W/ DEG C；
The ratio α that end-equipment in open state accounts for is obtained by following formula:
The variation of average indoor temperature is described with heat space model:
Wherein KairIt is the thermal conductivity in end room, unit is W/ DEG C；CairIt is the thermal capacitance in end room, unit is J/ DEG C；To
It is outdoor temperature, unit is DEG C.
The invention has the benefit that
1. the present invention can be latched accident, influence very little of the present invention to central air conditioning equipment, this hair with quick response HVDC
Bright to have fully considered users'comfort, the invention can avoid the secondary powers caused by system to impact, and the present invention facilitates power grid tune
Frequency response after degree center grasp accident.
The load of the central air-conditioning that 2. present invention is big by single power, thermal inertia is bigger HVDC locking accident in response
Resource response, it is convenient to realize further control in existing control platform, HVDC is reduced by load responding reduction workload demand and is closed
Large area excision load is negatively affected caused by society after lock accident, improves security of system, solves prior art response
HVDC be latched accident central air-conditioning load modeling there are the problem of, and in the prior art connect excision central air-conditioning to user relax
The influence of appropriateness, avoids the power rush occurred after restoring electricity from bringing new harm and the prior art not to have system
Frequency response models after controlling central air-conditioning load are so that grid dispatching center can accurately understand load responding
Problem.
Detailed description of the invention
The basic boom figure of Fig. 1 central air-conditioning provided by the invention；
Fig. 2 cutting load system basic boom figure provided by the invention for considering temperature control load；
Fig. 3 simplified generating set model framework chart provided by the invention；
Fig. 4 prime mover model framework chart provided by the invention；
The generator amature circuit model block diagram of Fig. 5 simplification provided by the invention；
The relational graph of Fig. 6 host electrical power and refrigerating capacity provided by the invention；
Chilled water inlet and outlet temperature and average indoor temperature curve after Fig. 7 accident provided by the invention；
Fig. 8 four electro-mechanical force system topological figures of test provided by the invention；
9 (a) are latched the frequency variation curve figure for not considering that central air-conditioning load responds after the accident in HVDC；
9 (b) are latched after the accident in HVDC, consider the frequency variation curve figure of load responding；
Figure 10 (a) is directly to open the frequency variation curve figure of central air-conditioning after restoring electricity；
Figure 10 (b) is after restoring electricity, and the frequency additionally controlled the percentage of current of central air-conditioning changes bent
Line chart.
Specific embodiment:
The invention will be further described with embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.
It is shown central air-conditioning basic boom figure in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Figure 10, Fig. 1, central air conditioner main machine can be incited somebody to action by refrigerant
Electric energy is converted into the refrigerating capacity of several times, and cooling water within the condenser, by cooling water pump cools down to refrigerant, and chilled water is steaming
It sends out in device, the refrigerating capacity of host is passed to by terminal temperature difference by chilled water pump.
A kind of control method of central air-conditioning load response HVDC locking accident, comprising the following steps:
1) measurement information of acquisition central air-conditioning, including setting cooling water inlet and outlet temperature, chilled water disengaging water temperature in real time
Degree, main engine power etc.；
2) after the accident, stable cutting load main website assigns cutting load by communications protocol and instructs for HVDC locking, load
It stands and executes cutting load order, the load substation central air-conditioning load controlled by communications protocol excision；
3) restore feeder line power supply after set period of time, the percentage of current for controlling air-conditioning is consistent with before accident, avoids
Additional impact is caused to system；
4) limitation to air-conditioning percentage of current is released after a set period of time；Release the limit to air-conditioning percentage of current
System is not influence users'comfort, and since the time that different air conditioner loads lift restrictions is different, electric system can also be with
It is not influenced by secondary power impact.
5) full time domain simulation model is established, control centre grasps system after load addition controls by full time domain simulation model
The situation of change of frequency.
In the step 1), since the variation of temperature is relatively slow, the time interval of measurement information acquisition is 30s.
In the step 2), the communications protocol of load substation and central air-conditioning uses MODBUS agreement, the cutting load master
The communications protocol stood between load substation uses IEC104 communication protocol.
In the step 2), removed central air-conditioning load refers to that excision central air conditioner main machine, rest part include oil
Pump, water pump etc. all work normally, and avoid not damaging air-conditioning equipment, since to account for central air-conditioning total for central air conditioner main machine power
The ratio of load is very big, and excision central air conditioner main machine can still play great role in load responding.
It in the step 2), needs quickly to cut off central air conditioner main machine after the accident, if directly limiting air-conditioning electric current
Percentage is 0 and needs to close by several minutes of central air conditioner main machines, for quickly excision air-conditioner host, needs in producer
It assists lower for air-conditioner host installation breaker.
Set period of time in the step 3) depends on requirement and user of the electric system to the load responding time
Requirement of the comfort level to the time, set period of time is 10min here.
In the step 5), it is latched accident to be used to respond HVDC for central air-conditioning, needs to establish full time domain simulation model,
Full time domain simulation model uses frequency response models, the disengaging including refrigerating efficiency (COP), chilled water to central air conditioner main machine
Coolant-temperature gage variation, fan coil and end exchange heat power are modeled.
Wherein, the refrigerating efficiency of host, that is, host electrical power and chiller capacity relationship, the refrigerating efficiency modeling of host
It is fitted to obtain by following formula quadratic function:
Wherein Qe、QchillerThe respectively electrical power, refrigerating capacity of central air-conditioning, unit W；
a0, a1And a2It is fitting parameter, dimensionless respectively；
The inlet and outlet temperature variation model of the chilled water according to the first law of thermodynamics can approximation obtain:
Wherein, Tw,lAnd Tw,eIt is chilled water leaving water temperature and return water temperature respectively, unit is DEG C；
Cw,lAnd Cw,eIt is the thermal capacitance of chilled water water outlet thermal capacitance and return water respectively, unit is J/ DEG C；
Kw=cv is the thermal conductivity of chilled water, and unit is W/ DEG C；
QexchangeIt is the hot exchange power of chilled water and end, unit W；
C is the specific heat capacity of chilled water, and unit is J/ DEG C of kg；
V is the flow of chilled water, unit kg/s；
In the steady state, Kw(Tw,e-Tw,l)=Qchiller, Qchiller=Qexchange,
Fan coil meets Q for chilled water and end exchange heat powerexchange=α (Ti-Tw,l)Kex,
Wherein TiIt is average indoor temperature, unit is DEG C；α is the ratio that the end-equipment in open state accounts for, dimensionless；
KexIt is heat exchange thermal conductivity, unit is W/ DEG C；
The ratio α that end-equipment in open state accounts for is obtained by following formula:
The variation of average indoor temperature is described with heat space model:
Wherein KairIt is the thermal conductivity in end room, unit is W/ DEG C；CairIt is the thermal capacitance in end room, unit is J/ DEG C；To
It is outdoor temperature, unit is DEG C.
Above-mentioned equation can calculate the mean temperature in the tail end of central air conditioner room of response HVDC locking accident, to provide
Central air-conditioning participates in the influence after controlled to users'comfort, when can be used for determining the central air-conditioning mute time, restoring
The control amounts such as percentage of current and releasing percentage of current limitation time.
Fig. 2 be consider temperature control load cutting load system basic boom figure, after there is HVDC locking accident, it is stable cut it is negative
Lotus main website can be assigned to cutting load order each cutting load substation；Traditionally, each cutting load substation can directly cut off feeder line, can be right
Society adversely affects, and control method provided by the invention can refine excision temperature control load, including central air-conditioning load；It is short
Time excision temperature control load will not make a big impact to user, and since temperature control load occupies very big specific gravity in load,
Excision temperature control load can be effectively relieved because HVDC is latched the negative effect stable to power system security after the accident.
Fig. 3 is generating set model framework chart, which has ignored the excitation system of generating set, is simplified block diagram,
Including prime mover, governor and generator.The dynamic process of generator uses second order equation of rotor motion
Wherein δ is rotor angle, unit rad；ω is the per unit value of rotor velocity, dimensionless；ωsIt is rotor velocity
A reference value, unit rad/s；M is the inertia time constant of generator, unit s；PmAnd PeIt is the mechanical output of generator
And electrical power, unit W.The electrical power of generator has following expression
Pe=PL+ D ω,
Wherein PLIt is load power, unit W；D is the damped coefficient of generator, and unit is W/ (rad/s).
Prime mover schematic diagram is as shown in figure 4, the transmission function of prime mover is
Wherein V is porthole aperture, dimensionless；TCHAnd TRHIt is the time constant of high pressure cylinder and low pressure (LP) cylinder, unit s；FIPWith
FHPIt is the proportionality constant of high pressure cylinder and low pressure (LP) cylinder, dimensionless.
The transmission function of governor is
Gg(s)=1/ (1+sTG),
Wherein TGIt is governor time constant, unit s.
Power system network equation uses DC power flow equation
PL=B θ,
Wherein B is the admittance matrix of DC power flow, unit S；PLIt is the active power of each node, unit W, center
After air conditioner load responds HVDC locking accident, the active power with central air-conditioning load node can change；θ is each section
The phase angle of point, unit rad.
Simplified generator amature circuit model is as shown in figure 5, the phase angle of power generation node and the relationship at generator amature angle
Pe=(δ-θ)/X'd,
Wherein X'dIt is generator transient state reactance, unit Ω.
The frequency response after central air-conditioning load responds HVDC locking accident can be calculated by above-mentioned equation.
Fig. 6 is the relationship of air-conditioner host electrical power and refrigerating capacity, as seen from the figure using the result of quadratic fit and former number
According to very identical；After HVDC locking accident, variation such as Fig. 7 of chilled water water outlet and return water temperature and end average indoor temperature
It is shown, it is seen that not have an impact users'comfort after accident to the control of central air-conditioning.
Fig. 8 is four electromechanical Force systems of test, contains 11 nodes and 4 generators；It is latched after the accident, no in HVDC
Consider central air-conditioning load response and consider frequency variation curve such as Fig. 9 (a) and 9b of load responding) shown in, it is seen that considering
After central air-conditioning load response, the minimum of frequency and steady-state value are all obviously improved after accident, will not jeopardize system
Safety；After restoring electricity, the direct frequency opened central air-conditioning and additionally the percentage of current of central air-conditioning is controlled
Shown in rate change curve such as Figure 10 (a) and 10 (b), it is seen that not carrying out control additionally will cause secondary power impact, and then threaten
System safety.
Above-mentioned, although the foregoing specific embodiments of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings, not protects model to the present invention
The limitation enclosed, those skilled in the art should understand that, based on the technical solutions of the present invention, those skilled in the art are not
Need to make the creative labor the various modifications or changes that can be made still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of control method of central air-conditioning load response HVDC locking accident, characterized in that the following steps are included:
1) in real time acquisition central air-conditioning measurement information, including setting cooling water inlet and outlet temperature, chilled water inlet and outlet temperature, in
Entreat air-conditioner host power etc.；
2) after the accident, stable cutting load main website assigns cutting load by communications protocol and instructs, and load substation is held for HVDC locking
Row cutting load order, the load substation central air-conditioning load controlled by communications protocol excision；
3) restore feeder line power supply after set period of time, the percentage of current for controlling air-conditioning is consistent with before accident, avoids to being
System causes additional impact；
4) limitation to air-conditioning percentage of current is released after a set period of time；Release is to the limitation of air-conditioning percentage of current
Not influence users'comfort, and since the time that different air conditioner loads lift restrictions is different, electric system can not also be by
The influence of secondary power impact；
5) full time domain simulation model is established, control centre grasps system frequency after load addition controls by full time domain simulation model
Situation of change.
2. a kind of control method of central air-conditioning load response HVDC locking accident as described in claim 1, characterized in that described
In step 1), since the variation of temperature is relatively slow, the time interval of measurement information acquisition is 30s.
3. a kind of control method of central air-conditioning load response HVDC locking accident as described in claim 1, characterized in that described
In step 2), the communications protocol of load substation and central air-conditioning uses MODBUS agreement, the cutting load main website and load substation
Between communications protocol use IEC104 communication protocol.
4. a kind of control method of central air-conditioning load response HVDC locking accident as described in claim 1, characterized in that described
In step 2), removed central air-conditioning load refers to excision central air conditioner main machine, rest part include oil pump, water pump etc. all just
Often work.
5. a kind of control method of central air-conditioning load response HVDC locking accident as described in claim 1, characterized in that described
In step 2), breaker is equipped on the power circuit of central air conditioner main machine.
6. a kind of control method of central air-conditioning load response HVDC locking accident as described in claim 1, characterized in that described
Set period of time in step 3) is 10min.
7. a kind of control method of central air-conditioning load response HVDC locking accident as described in claim 1, characterized in that described
In step 5), full time domain simulation model uses frequency response models.
8. a kind of control method of central air-conditioning load response HVDC locking accident as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that described
Full time domain simulation model includes refrigerating efficiency (COP) to central air conditioner main machine, the inlet and outlet temperature variation of chilled water, fan unit
Pipe and end exchange heat power are modeled；
Wherein, the refrigerating efficiency modeling of host is fitted to obtain by following formula quadratic function:
Wherein Qe、QchillerThe respectively electrical power, refrigerating capacity of central air-conditioning, unit W；
a0, a1And a2It is fitting parameter, dimensionless respectively；
The inlet and outlet temperature variation model of the chilled water according to the first law of thermodynamics can approximation obtain:
Wherein, Tw,lAnd Tw,eIt is chilled water leaving water temperature and return water temperature respectively, unit is DEG C；
Cw,lAnd Cw,eIt is the thermal capacitance of chilled water water outlet thermal capacitance and return water respectively, unit is J/ DEG C；
Kw=cv is the thermal conductivity of chilled water, and unit is W/ DEG C；
QexchangeIt is the hot exchange power of chilled water and end, unit W；
C is the specific heat capacity of chilled water, and unit is J/ DEG C of kg；
V is the flow of chilled water, unit kg/s；
In the steady state, Kw(Tw,e-Tw,l)=Qchiller, Qchiller=Qexchange,
Fan coil meets Q for chilled water and end exchange heat powerexchange=α (Ti-Tw,l)Kex,
Wherein TiIt is average indoor temperature, unit is DEG C；α is the ratio that the end-equipment in open state accounts for；KexIt is heat exchange
Thermal conductivity, unit are W/ DEG C；
The ratio α that end-equipment in open state accounts for is obtained by following formula:
The variation of average indoor temperature is described with heat space model:
Wherein KairIt is the thermal conductivity in end room, unit is W/ DEG C；CairIt is the thermal capacitance in end room, unit is J/ DEG C；ToIt is outdoor
Temperature, unit are DEG C.
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| CN109780686A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-21 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司无锡供电分公司 | Using time efficiency as the central air-conditioning flexible control method of starting point |
| CN110360719A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-10-22 | 国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of central air-conditioning emergency control method |
| CN112460762A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-09 | 国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Control strategy for central air-conditioning load group participating in peak shaving of power system |
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