CN109024874A - 一种环保节能建筑 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本申请公开了建筑技术领域中的一种环保节能建筑,包括楼层和位于楼层底部的积水池,楼层设有四面包围的墙体,楼层的楼顶上设有倾斜的房顶和环设在房顶外侧的积雨槽,房顶上铺设有光伏板,光伏板连接储能器;墙体包括若干块凹凸配合的板体,板体包括外墙、内墙和位于外墙和内墙之间的保温板,所述保温板为外部设有秸秆防水保温板的中空层;积雨槽和中空层之间通过电动阀门连通,电动阀门电信号连接温度控制器,电动阀门和温度控制器均与储能器连通,中空层与积水池连通。本发明的建筑能量供给来源于太阳能,降温通过水流的方式,达到提高能源利用率的目的。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于一种建筑技术领域,尤其涉及一种环保节能建筑。
背景技术
现有的建筑设计由于都是使用钢筋水泥建筑而成,因此在炎热的夏天会吸收外界的热量,无法起到很好的隔热降温作用,且在寒冷的冬天也无法起到很好的保温作用,需要借助其他的制冷或制暖设备来进行降温或保暖,这样不仅消耗大量的能源,而且在一定程度上对自然环境造成了破坏。
而随着我国国民经济的快速增长,人民生活水平的提高,使得我国建筑业超负荷发展,带来了一系列能源及环境问题。目前,建筑耗能己成为我国经济发展的软肋,数量庞大的高能耗建筑潜伏巨大能源危机。因此,要实现建筑业的可持续发展,需要在建筑材料进行改进以积极提高能源利用率。
发明内容
本发明意在提供一种节能环保建筑,以解决现有技术的建筑存在能源利用率低的问题。
本发明的技术方案为一种环保节能建筑,包括楼层和位于楼层底部的积水池,所述楼层设有四面包围的墙体,所述楼层的楼顶上设有倾斜的房顶和环设在房顶外侧的积雨槽,所述房顶上铺设有光伏板,所述光伏板连接储能器;所述墙体包括若干块凹凸配合的板体,所述板体包括外墙、内墙和位于外墙和内墙之间的保温板,所述外墙和内墙内均设有若干排朝向保温板一侧开口的蜂窝槽,所述蜂窝槽的面积占整板面积的40~50%,内墙的蜂窝槽和外墙的蜂窝槽相互错开,所述保温板包括中空层和位于中空层外部的秸秆防水保温板;所述积雨槽和中空层之间通过电动阀门连通,所述电动阀门电信号连接温度控制器,所述电动阀门和温度控制器均与储能器连通,所述中空层与积水池连通。
本发明的工作原理和有益效果:本发明的环保节能建筑,包括楼层、积水池、积雨槽和铺设有光伏板的房顶,由于楼层使用的是节能用保温墙,而节能用保温墙是由多块凹凸配合的板体堆砌而成,其中每块墙体包括有三层,外墙、内墙和位于外墙和内墙之间的保温板,保温板为外部设有秸秆防水保温板的中空层,位于两侧的外墙和内墙作为承重使用的,保温板位于中部,作为散热保温隔热隔音使用,内墙和外墙采用若干个朝向保温板一侧贯通的蜂窝槽,且蜂窝槽的面积占整板面积的40~50%,同时内墙的蜂窝槽和外墙的蜂窝槽是相互错开的,积雨槽、中空层和积水池三者是连通的,在积雨槽和中空层之间设置电动阀门,电动阀门通过温度控制器控制开合,电动阀门和温度控制器均通过光伏板转化的电能供电,在室外温度过高时,温度控制器检测到室温高于设定值,温度控制器就控制电动阀门打开,使得积雨槽、中空层和积水池三者连通,水从中空层流下,进而带着室内的热量,给室内降温,由于本发明的建筑能量供给来源于太阳能,降温通过水流的方式,达到提高能源利用率的目的。
同时本发明中的墙板材料还具有以下优点:1、相互错开且只占墙体面积的40~50%的蜂窝槽可以保证墙体的强度;2、由于蜂窝槽的设置还可以降低建筑材料的使用量,同时保温板中的秸秆防水保温板使用的是农产品的废弃物秸秆,秸秆是一种宝贵资源,也是天然高分子材料,来源丰富,价格低廉、密度低、可循环利用,具有良好的降解性和保温性能,在于粉煤灰等制作成墙体材料不仅强度高、韧性足、抗压能力墙,器保温和阻燃性能得以大大提高,废物利用的同时还提高了能源的利用率;3、对于夏天需要制冷,冬天需要供暖的建筑来说,如果建筑物受到太阳的照射,外墙温度就会急剧上升,当室外温度比室内温度高时,外墙膨胀的速度就会高于内保温隔热体系,而当室外温度比室内温度低时,内墙保温隔热系统的温度变化就会比外墙收缩速度慢,因此由于形变的不确定性,所以墙体的保温隔热体系就会一直处于不稳定的状态,极易造成墙体的开裂,本发明使用在墙体内设有的若干个朝向保温板一侧贯通的蜂窝槽,其目的也是通过蜂窝槽对热量的进行朝向保温板传导和散失,避免内墙和外墙的变形,从而使得保温隔热系统的温度变化处于稳定状态,避免墙体的开裂;4、保温板为外部设有秸秆防水保温板的中空层,中空层内形成类似真空的结构,具有保温、隔热、消音和阻燃的效果。
进一步,多排内墙的蜂窝槽交错设置,多排外墙的蜂窝槽交错设置,蜂窝槽的横截面为圆形、三角形或者菱形。为了提高墙体的强度,将内墙和外墙上的蜂窝槽都进行交错设置,圆形、三角形或者菱形都是蜂窝槽的实施方式之一,根据实际需求设置。
进一步,蜂窝槽的孔径朝向保温板逐渐变大。为了提高朝向内部的导热效率降低向外的导热效率,内墙和外墙的蜂窝槽的孔径朝向保温板逐渐变大,水流能带走更多的热量。
进一步,最上排蜂窝槽和最下排蜂窝槽均与中空层连通。为了增强导热效果,将最底层蜂窝槽和最顶层蜂窝槽均与中空层连通。
进一步,板体宽度方向的一端设有L形锁板,板体宽度方向的另一端设有与L形锁板配合的L形扣板。相邻两个板体之间通过L形锁板和L形扣板结合在一起。
进一步,所述的L形锁板和L形扣板上设有相互齿合的斜齿。为了防止L形锁板和L形扣板脱落,设置相互齿合的斜齿,避免L形锁板和L形扣板后退,使得板体断开。
进一步,楼层为多层,多层楼层之间相互连通。
进一步优选的,所述秸秆防水保温板由秸秆、粉煤灰、聚丙烯和相变石蜡制成。加入相变石蜡这种相变材料,不仅能防水,当温度高于相变点时,相变材料吸收热量发生变化,形成了热能的储备。当温度低于相变点时,相变材料可以释放热量发生逆相变,在相变过程中自身的温度几乎保持不便,又能大量潜热,符合建筑的节能要求。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种环保节能建筑的结构示意图;
图2为图1中板体的结构示意图;
图3为图1中板体的剖视图。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式进一步详细的说明:
说明书附图中的附图标记包括:房顶1、光伏板2、积雨槽3、墙体4、基座5、L形锁板41、外墙42、保温板43、内墙44、L形扣板45、外墙蜂窝槽421、秸秆防水保温板431、中空层432、内墙蜂窝槽441。
实施例1基本如附图1和图2所示:一种节能环保建筑,包括一层楼层、基座5和位于楼层底部的积水池,积水池位于基座5内,楼层设有四面包围的墙体4,墙体4和基座5之间通过钢架结构连接,楼层的楼顶上设有倾斜的房顶1和环设在房顶1外侧的积雨槽,房顶 1上铺设有光伏板2,光伏板2连接储能器;墙体4包括若干块凹凸配合的板体,板体包括外墙42、内墙44和位于外墙42和内墙44之间的保温板43,保温板43为外部设有秸秆防水保温板431的中空层432;积雨槽和中空层432之间通过电动阀门连通,电动阀门电信号连接温度控制器,电动阀门和温度控制器均与储能器连通,中空层432的底部与积水池连通。
如图2所示,墙体4包括由若干块凹凸配合的板体拼接而成,板体宽度方向的一端设有 L形锁板41,板体宽度方向的另一端设有与L形锁板41配合的L形扣板45,为了防止两块板体之间相互脱离,在L形锁板41和L形扣板45上设有相互齿合的斜齿,板体包括外墙42、内墙44和位于外墙42和内墙44之间的保温板43。
如图3所示,外墙42内设有多个朝向保温板43一侧贯通的外墙蜂窝槽421,外墙蜂窝槽421的横截面为圆形,外墙蜂窝槽421的面积占整板面积的50%,外墙蜂窝槽421的孔径朝向保温板43逐渐变大,同样的,内墙44内也设有多排朝向保温板43一侧开口的内墙蜂窝槽441,内墙蜂窝槽441的横截面为圆形,内墙蜂窝槽441的面积占整板面积的50%,内墙蜂窝槽441的孔径朝向保温板43逐渐变大,内墙蜂窝槽441和外墙蜂窝槽421相互错开,同时,多排内墙蜂窝槽441是交错设置,多排外墙蜂窝槽421也是交错设置。
保温板43为外部设有秸秆防水保温板431的中空层432,最底层外墙蜂窝槽421或者内墙蜂窝槽441和最顶层外墙蜂窝槽421或者内墙蜂窝槽441均与中空层432连通,秸秆防水保温板431由秸秆、粉煤灰、聚丙烯和相变石蜡制成,其中相变石蜡至少为总原料的25~35%。
实施例2与实施例1的区别仅在于将内墙蜂窝槽441和外墙蜂窝槽421的横截面为菱形,外墙蜂窝槽421的面积占整板面积的40%,内墙蜂窝槽441的面积占整板面积的40%。
实施例3与实施例1的区别仅在于将内墙蜂窝槽441和外墙蜂窝槽421的横截面为三角形,外墙蜂窝槽421的面积占整板面积的45%,内墙蜂窝槽441的面积占整板面积的45%。
本发明的建筑为活动房、养殖圈舍或者多层楼房等。
对本领域的技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明结构的前提下,还可以作出若干变形和改进,这些也应该视为本发明的保护范围,这些都不会影响本发明实施的效果和专利。
Claims (7)
1.一种环保节能建筑,其特征在于,包括楼层和位于楼层底部的积水池,所述楼层设有四面包围的墙体,所述楼层的楼顶上设有倾斜的房顶和环设在房顶外侧的积雨槽,所述房顶上铺设有光伏板,所述光伏板连接储能器;所述墙体包括若干块凹凸配合的板体,所述板体包括外墙、内墙和位于外墙和内墙之间的保温板,所述外墙和内墙内均设有若干排朝向保温板一侧开口的蜂窝槽,所述蜂窝槽的面积占整板面积的40~50%,内墙的蜂窝槽和外墙的蜂窝槽相互错开,所述保温板包括中空层和位于中空层外部的秸秆防水保温板;所述积雨槽和中空层之间通过电动阀门连通,所述电动阀门电信号连接温度控制器,所述电动阀门和温度控制器均与储能器连通,所述中空层与积水池连通。
2.根据权利要求1所述的环保节能建筑,其特征在于,多排内墙的蜂窝槽交错设置,多排外墙的蜂窝槽交错设置,蜂窝槽的横截面为圆形、三角形或者菱形。
3.根据权利要求2所述的环保节能建筑,其特征在于,蜂窝槽的孔径朝向保温板逐渐变大。
4.根据权利要求3所述的环保节能建筑,其特征在于,板体宽度方向的一端设有L形锁板,板体宽度方向的另一端设有与L形锁板配合的L形扣板。
5.根据权利要求4所述的环保节能建筑,其特征在于,所述的L形锁板和L形扣板上设有相互齿合的斜齿。
6.根据权利要求1~5任一所述的环保节能建筑,其特征在于,楼层为多层,多层楼层之间相互连通。
7.根据权利要求6所述的环保节能建筑,其特征在于,所述秸秆防水保温板由秸秆、粉煤灰、聚丙烯和相变石蜡制成。
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