CN109022747B - Postweld heat treatment method for U71MnH steel rail flash welding joint - Google Patents
Postweld heat treatment method for U71MnH steel rail flash welding joint Download PDFInfo
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- CN109022747B CN109022747B CN201811244438.9A CN201811244438A CN109022747B CN 109022747 B CN109022747 B CN 109022747B CN 201811244438 A CN201811244438 A CN 201811244438A CN 109022747 B CN109022747 B CN 109022747B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/50—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for welded joints
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
- C21D1/42—Induction heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
- C21D1/52—Methods of heating with flames
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Abstract
The invention relates to a postweld heat treatment method for a U71MnH steel rail flash welding joint, belonging to the technical field of steel rail welding. The invention provides a post-welding heat treatment method of a U71MnH steel rail flash welding joint, which aims to solve the problem that the hardness of the joint is influenced by harmful structures such as martensite and the like generated when a local cooling speed is higher than a critical transformation temperature in the cooling process of the traditional steel rail welding joint in the heat treatment process, and comprises the following steps: and heating the welding joint area of the U71MnH steel rail welding joint cooled to be below 300 ℃ after welding to 919-. The method provided by the invention can be used for effectively controlling the hardness of the U71MnH steel rail welding joint and ensuring the normal joint structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel rail welding, and particularly relates to a postweld heat treatment method for a U71MnH steel rail flash welding joint.
Background
The steel rail welding has the characteristics of high heating temperature, high heating speed, short high-temperature retention time, uneven temperature distribution, continuous cooling under the air cooling condition and the like, and the joint, particularly a heat-affected zone, is easy to have thick and thick structure, even easily forms martensite, bainite and other harmful structures, and causes the joint to have the phenomena of hardening, embrittlement and the like; meanwhile, the welded joint generates internal stress, and the welded joint is easy to break under the action of complex external stress, so that the welded joint becomes a weak link of line operation. Post-weld heat treatment of rail joints is required to relieve stress, refine grains, change joint structure morphology, and improve reduced performance states.
Patent document CN108103299A discloses a post-welding heat treatment process for full-length quenched steel rail, which comprises adjusting the air pressure of a portable steel rail quenching device to 0.8-1.0 Mpa, adjusting the water amount to 15-20 ml/s and meeting the atomization requirement, heating the welded joint with oxyacetylene flame for 3-5 minutes when the temperature of the welded joint is reduced to 400 ± 10 ℃, keeping the temperature when the temperature of the measured joint reaches 900 ± 10 ℃, balancing the temperature of the joint, spraying with a portable steel rail quenching device when the temperature reaches 800 ± 10 ℃, wherein the spraying time is 100 ± 10 seconds, after the spraying is finished, naturally cooling, when the temperature is reduced to 400 ± 10 ℃, polishing and shaping, detecting flaws, and detecting the steel rail and the detected joint to meet the requirements. The process solves the smoothness of the steel rail through a heat treatment method, so that the steel rail can be infinitely long, but the hardness of a welding joint is not researched; meanwhile, the welding joint is cooled in a spraying mode, if the atomizing effect does not reach the standard, the cooling medium contains water drops with larger particles, the local cooling speed of the surface of the steel rail joint is higher than the critical transformation temperature, further, harmful structures such as martensite are generated in the area, and the risk of overhigh joint hardness exists.
Schwann et al (railway construction, 2016 (08): 145-148) utilize a novel induction heating coil to carry out postweld heat treatment on a welding joint, wherein the heating temperature is 880 +/-10 ℃; heating time >130 s; the wind pressure is 0.06-0.10 MPa; the air injection time is 150 s. After the novel induction heating coil is used for post-welding heat treatment under the process parameters, the ratio of the joint tread to the hardness of the base metal is 1.01, crystal grains of the rail head, the rail bottom triangular area and 2 rail bottom corners are refined, and the grain size level can reach over 9 levels. However, the method is not suitable for the U17MnH steel rail, and the research object of the method is the U71Mn hot rolling steel rail.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the hardness of a welded joint of a steel rail is low due to the fact that a local cooling speed is higher than a critical transformation temperature and harmful structures such as martensite are generated in the cooling process.
The invention provides a postweld heat treatment method for a U71MnH steel rail flash welding joint, which is used for solving the technical problem. The method comprises the following steps: and heating the welding joint area of the U71MnH steel rail welding joint cooled to be below 300 ℃ after welding to 919-.
In the post-weld heat treatment method for the U71MnH steel rail flash welding joint, the welding seam area of the U71MnH steel rail welding joint is heated by medium-frequency induction heating or oxyacetylene flame heating.
In the post-weld heat treatment method for the U71MnH steel rail flash welded joint, the heating time of the weld joint area of the U71MnH steel rail welded joint is controlled to be 135-250 s.
In the post-welding heat treatment method for the U71MnH steel rail flash welding joint, the tread temperature of the initial joint cooled by the air jet is controlled to be 720-810 ℃.
In the post-weld heat treatment method for the U71MnH steel rail flash welded joint, the distance between the air-cooled air nozzle and the surface of the steel rail joint is 30 +/-2 mm.
Wherein, in the post-welding heat treatment method of the U71MnH steel rail flash welding joint, the air pressure of the air injection is 0.15 +/-0.05 MPa.
In the post-weld heat treatment method for the U71MnH rail flash welded joint, the weld joint area of the rail joint is an area within 20mm of each of two sides of a fusion line.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method improves the hardness of the U71MnH steel rail welding joint by controlling the heating temperature, the air pressure of the air blast and the final cooling temperature, and the ratio of the hardness average value HJ of the joint to the hardness average value HP of the base metal is more than or equal to 0.90; the ratio of the average hardness HJ1 of the soft points of the joint to the average hardness HP of the parent metal is more than or equal to 0.80; the softening area is less than 20mm, and the standard requirement is met. The method of the invention effectively controls the hardness of the steel rail joint, ensures the normal structure and shape of the steel rail joint and improves the reduced performance state. The method has good popularization and application prospect, and can be popularized and used in domestic heavy-duty line steel rail welding bases or on-line welding construction units.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a hardness curve of 5mm under the head tread of a 60kg/mU71MnH rail in the post-weld heat treatment of example 1.
FIG. 2 is a hardness curve of 5mm under the head tread of a 60kg/mU71MnH rail in the post-weld heat treatment of example 2.
FIG. 3 is a hardness curve of 5mm under the head tread of a 60kg/mU71MnH rail in the post-weld heat treatment of example 3.
FIG. 4 is a hardness curve of 5mm under the head tread of a 60kg/mU71MnH rail in the post-weld heat treatment of example 4.
FIG. 5 is a hardness curve of 5mm under the head tread of a 60kg/mU71MnH rail in the comparative example after-weld heat treatment.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a postweld heat treatment method for a U71MnH steel rail flash welding joint. The method comprises the following steps: and heating the welding seam area of the U71MnH steel rail welding joint to 919-.
In the invention, the welding seam area of the welding joint of the U71MnH steel rail which is cooled to be below 300 ℃ after butt welding is heated to 919-940 ℃, and then the heating is stopped, and the normalizing process is adopted for secondary cooling to effectively control the hardness of the steel rail joint, simultaneously, the joint stress is released, the joint grains are refined, the joint structure form is changed, and the reduced performance state is improved. When the surface of the rail head of the steel rail reaches a required range, the interior of the steel rail cannot be ensured, particularly the core temperature can also reach the required temperature, and the temperature cannot be too low in order to ensure that the core temperature can reach the required temperature; when the temperature is too high, on one hand, the temperature at the bottom of the relatively thin steel rail is higher than the actually measured temperature, so that the risk of tissue overheating exists, and on the other hand, the heating coil is a heat source, heat is conducted to two ends of the steel rail by taking the heating coil as the center, the width of a heat affected zone is widened, and even the standard requirement is not met.
In the present invention, the final cooling temperature should be controlled at 420-. The final cooling temperature is too high to meet the requirement of hardness; the final cooling temperature is too low, so that the whole steel rail joint structure is abnormal.
In the post-weld heat treatment method for the U71MnH steel rail flash welding joint, the welding seam area of the U71MnH steel rail welding joint is heated by medium-frequency induction heating or oxyacetylene flame heating.
In the post-weld heat treatment method for the U71MnH steel rail flash welded joint, the heating time of the weld joint area of the U71MnH steel rail welded joint is controlled to be 135-250 s. In order to keep the uniform heating degree of the whole section of the steel rail, the heating time needs to be controlled to be 135-grade 250s in the heating process, if the heating time is too short, the actual phase transformation area only has the surface layer of the steel rail, and the internal structure of the steel rail cannot be promoted; if the heating time is too long, the rail joint has an overheating risk, joint tissues can be affected, and simultaneously, the softened area of the rail joint can exceed the standard.
In the post-welding heat treatment method for the U71MnH steel rail flash welding joint, the tread temperature of the initial joint cooled by the air jet is controlled to be 720-810 ℃. In order to control the hardness of the rail joint softening zone, the initial air blast temperature needs to be controlled within the above range.
In the post-weld heat treatment method for the U71MnH steel rail flash welded joint, the distance between the air-cooled air nozzle and the surface of the steel rail joint is 30 +/-2 mm.
Wherein, in the post-welding heat treatment method of the U71MnH steel rail flash welding joint, the air pressure of the air injection is 0.15 +/-0.05 MPa. Too high or too low wind pressure of the jet wind influences the cooling rate, so that the hardness does not reach the standard.
In the post-weld heat treatment method for the U71MnH rail flash welded joint, the weld joint area of the rail joint is an area within 20mm of each of two sides of a fusion line.
The joint of the steel rail in the invention refers to the areas within 100mm of each of two sides by taking a fusion line as a center.
Example 1
Heating the weld joint area of the 60kg/m U71MnH steel rail welding joint to 940 ℃ by adopting a medium-frequency heating mode, and then stopping heating for 145 s. And after the heating is stopped, when the temperature of the tread of the steel rail joint is reduced to 810 ℃, carrying out air spraying cooling, wherein the distance between an air spraying opening and the surface of the steel rail joint is 30mm, the air spraying pressure is 0.15 +/-0.05 MPa, when the temperature of the tread of the joint is cooled to 435 ℃ by air, stopping the air spraying cooling, and then naturally cooling the steel rail joint to the room temperature. And (3) testing the Rockwell hardness of 5mm below the rail head tread on the longitudinal section by using an HR-150A Rockwell hardness tester according to the standard requirement of TB/T1632.2-2014. In the embodiment, the ratio of the average hardness HJ of the 60kg/m U71MnH steel rail subjected to postweld heat treatment to the joint to the average hardness HP of the parent metal is 0.98, the ratio of the average hardness HJ1 of the soft point of the joint to the average hardness HP of the parent metal is 0.88, the width of a left softening area of the joint is 13.5mm, and the width of a right softening area of the joint is 8.0mm, so that the standard requirements are met.
Example 2
Heating the weld joint area of the 60kg/m U71MnH steel rail welding joint to 919 ℃ in a medium-frequency heating mode, and stopping heating for 138 s. And after the heating is stopped, when the temperature of the tread of the steel rail joint is reduced to 785 ℃, carrying out air spraying cooling, wherein the distance between an air spraying opening and the surface of the steel rail joint is 30mm, the air spraying pressure is 0.15 +/-0.05 MPa, when the temperature of the tread of the joint is reduced to 410 ℃, stopping the air spraying cooling, and then naturally cooling the steel rail joint to the room temperature. And (3) testing the Rockwell hardness of 5mm below the rail head tread on the longitudinal section by using an HR-150A Rockwell hardness tester according to the standard requirement of TB/T1632.2-2014. In the embodiment, the ratio of the average hardness HJ of the welded joint of the 60kg/m U71MnH steel rail subjected to post-welding heat treatment to the average hardness HP of the parent metal is 0.95, the ratio of the average hardness HJ1 of the soft point of the joint to the average hardness HP of the parent metal is 0.83, the width of a left softening area of the joint is 12.5mm, and the width of a right softening area of the joint is 12.5mm, so that the standard requirement is met.
Example 3
Heating the weld joint area of the 60kg/m U71MnH steel rail welding joint to 921 ℃ in a medium-frequency heating mode, and then stopping heating for 136 s. And after the heating is stopped, when the temperature of the tread of the steel rail joint is reduced to 800 ℃, carrying out air spraying cooling, wherein the distance between an air spraying opening and the surface of the steel rail joint is 30mm, the air spraying pressure is 0.15 +/-0.05 MPa, when the temperature of the tread of the joint is cooled to 435 ℃, stopping the air spraying cooling, and then naturally cooling the steel rail joint to the room temperature. And (3) testing the Rockwell hardness of 5mm below the rail head tread on the longitudinal section by using an HR-150A Rockwell hardness tester according to the standard requirement of TB/T1632.2-2014. In the embodiment, the ratio of the average hardness HJ of the 60kg/m U71MnH steel rail subjected to postweld heat treatment to the joint to the average hardness HP of the parent metal is 0.91, the ratio of the average hardness HJ1 of the soft point of the joint to the average hardness HP of the parent metal is 0.80, the width of a left softening area of the joint is 14.5mm, and the width of a right softening area of the joint is 18.0mm, so that the standard requirements are met.
Example 4
Heating the weld joint area of a 60kg/m U71MnH steel rail welding joint to 919 ℃ by adopting an oxyacetylene flame heating modeThen the heating is stopped, the pressure of oxygen is 0.6MPa, and the flow is 4.8m3H, acetylene pressure of 0.2MPa and flow rate of 4.0m3Heating time is 250 s. And after the heating is stopped, when the temperature of the tread of the steel rail joint is reduced to 720 ℃, carrying out air spraying cooling, wherein the distance between an air spraying opening and the surface of the steel rail joint is 30mm, the air spraying pressure is 0.15 +/-0.05 MPa, when the temperature of the tread of the joint is reduced to 429 ℃ by air cooling, stopping the air spraying cooling, and then naturally cooling the steel rail joint to the room temperature. And (3) testing the Rockwell hardness of 5mm below the rail head tread on the longitudinal section by using an HR-150A Rockwell hardness tester according to the standard requirement of TB/T1632.2-2014. In the embodiment, the ratio of the average hardness HJ of the welded joint of the 60kg/mU71MnH steel rail to the average hardness HP of the parent metal is 0.91, the ratio of the average hardness HJ1 of the soft point of the joint to the average hardness HP of the parent metal is 0.80, the width of a left softening area of the joint is 19.0mm, the width of a right softening area of the joint is 17.0mm, and the standard requirement is met.
Comparative example
Heating a welding seam area of a welded joint of a 60kg/m U71MnH steel rail to 842 ℃ by adopting a medium-frequency heating mode, stopping heating for 87s, cooling by spraying air when the temperature of a tread of the steel rail joint is reduced to 715 ℃, keeping a distance between an air spraying port and the surface of the steel rail joint to be 30mm, keeping the air pressure of the air spraying to be 0.15 +/-0.05 MPa, stopping cooling by spraying air when the temperature of the tread of the joint is reduced to 431 ℃ when the final cooling temperature is reduced, and naturally cooling the steel rail joint to room temperature. And (3) testing the Rockwell hardness of 5mm below the rail head tread on the longitudinal section by using an HR-150A Rockwell hardness tester according to the standard requirement of TB/T1632.2-2014. In the embodiment, the ratio of the average hardness HJ of the 60kg/m U71MnH steel rail subjected to postweld heat treatment to the joint to the average hardness HP of the parent metal is 0.74, the ratio of the average hardness HJ1 of the soft point of the joint to the average hardness HP of the parent metal is 0.74, the width of a left softening area of the joint is 30.0mm, the width of a right softening area of the joint is 25.0mm, and the standard requirement is not met.
From the examples 1-4, it can be seen that the method of the present invention is adopted to carry out heat treatment on the welded joint of the U71MnH steel rail, and the ratio of the average hardness HJ of the treated joint to the average hardness HP of the parent metal is more than or equal to 0.90; the ratio of the average hardness HJ1 of the soft points of the joint to the average hardness HP of the parent metal is more than or equal to 0.80; the softening areas of the left side and the right side are less than 20mm, and the standard requirements are met. In contrast, the steel rail joint which is not heat-treated by the method of the present invention for the U71MnH steel rail has a ratio of the average hardness HJ to the average hardness HP of the parent metal of 0.74, a ratio of the average hardness HJ1 of the soft point of the joint to the average hardness HP of the parent metal of 0.74, a left-side softened region width of 30.0mm and a right-side softened region width of 25.0mm, and does not meet the standard requirements.
Claims (4)
- A post-weld heat treatment method for a U71MnH steel rail flash welded joint is characterized by comprising the following steps: heating the welding seam area of the welding joint of the U71MnH steel rail which is cooled to be below 300 ℃ after welding to 919-; the tread temperature of the initial joint cooled by the air jet is controlled to be 720-810 ℃; the distance between the air injection port of the air injection cooling and the surface of the steel rail joint is 30 +/-2 mm; the air pressure of the air injection is 0.15 +/-0.05 MPa.
- 2. The post-weld heat treatment method for the U71MnH steel rail flash welded joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heating mode of the weld joint area of the U71MnH steel rail welding joint adopts medium-frequency induction electric heating or oxyacetylene flame heating.
- 3. The post-weld heat treatment method for the U71MnH steel rail flash welded joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the heating time of the weld joint area of the U71MnH steel rail welding joint is controlled to be 135-250 s.
- 4. The post-weld heat treatment method for the U71MnH steel rail flash welded joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: the weld seam area of the steel rail joint is the area within 20mm of each side of the fusion line.
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| CN110295274A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-10-01 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Groove-shape rail flash welding connector post weld heat treatment method |
| CN110306032A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-10-08 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Groove-shape rail flash welding connector post weld heat treatment method |
| CN110343841A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-10-18 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Groove-shape rail flash welding connector post weld heat treatment method |
| CN110257620A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-09-20 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Groove-shape rail flash welding connector post weld heat treatment method |
| CN113416822A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-09-21 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Heat treatment method for improving hardness of U76CrRE heat treatment steel rail gas pressure welding joint |
| CN115287441B (en) * | 2022-07-31 | 2024-04-30 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Post-welding heat treatment method for U71MnG high-speed steel rail welding joint |
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| JP2012030242A (en) * | 2010-07-29 | 2012-02-16 | Nippon Steel Corp | Post-heat treatment method for weld zone of rail |
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| BRPI1014787B1 (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2018-06-05 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation | METHOD FOR COOLING A RAIL WELDING ZONE DEVICE FOR COOLING A RAIL WELDING ZONE AND RAIL WELDING JOINT |
| RU2425738C1 (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2011-08-10 | Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Самарский государственный университет путей сообщения" (СамГУПС) | Rails pressure welding with heating |
| CN104862466B (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2017-01-18 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Method for postweld heat treatment on hyper-eutectoid steel rail welding connector |
| CN106544933B (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2019-05-03 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | The method that a kind of pair of steel rail weld joint carries out post weld heat treatment |
| CN107502730A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-12-22 | 攀钢集团研究院有限公司 | The post weld heat treatment method of 136RE+SS heat-treated rail welding points |
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| JP2012030242A (en) * | 2010-07-29 | 2012-02-16 | Nippon Steel Corp | Post-heat treatment method for weld zone of rail |
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