CN109016239B - Resource treatment method for scraped car - Google Patents
Resource treatment method for scraped car Download PDFInfo
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- CN109016239B CN109016239B CN201810892113.5A CN201810892113A CN109016239B CN 109016239 B CN109016239 B CN 109016239B CN 201810892113 A CN201810892113 A CN 201810892113A CN 109016239 B CN109016239 B CN 109016239B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
- B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
- B29B2017/0217—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor
- B29B2017/0237—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor using density difference
- B29B2017/0244—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor using density difference in liquids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
- B29B2017/0424—Specific disintegrating techniques; devices therefor
- B29B2017/0488—Hammers or beaters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of scraped car disassembly and recovery, and particularly relates to a scraped car resource treatment method, which comprises the following steps: cleaning the scraped car, discharging oil and detonating an air bag; conveying the automobile to a manual disassembling station for disassembling and classifying, wherein the automobile is respectively a metal part, a plastic part and a metal-plastic composite part; the metal plastic composite parts are sorted by a metal plastic sorting device, so that the metal and the plastic are separately collected; and adding a modifier to the disassembled polypropylene plastic part, and melting and granulating to manufacture the plastic part of the automobile. The invention not only can realize the recycling of metal, but also can utilize waste plastics to produce new automobile plastic parts, thereby improving the utilization of energy and reducing environmental pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of scraped car disassembly and recovery, and particularly relates to a scraped car resource treatment method.
Background
The scraped car is the most important component in the automobile reverse stream. Any product has the service life, and after the automobile runs for a certain time, the abrasion degree of parts is high, the exhaust emission is increased, and the safety performance is poor. From the perspective of protecting personal safety and the perspective of protecting the environment, automobiles which reach the service life and the corresponding abrasion degree must be scrapped.
With the improvement of environmental awareness of people, the recycling of scraped car materials, especially scraped car waste plastics with great environmental pollution, is required. At present, only a small part of the waste automobile plastics can be reused as automobile parts, most of the waste automobile plastics are buried and burned, serious environmental pollution including air pollution, soil pollution, water pollution, urban environmental pollution and the like is caused, and the waste automobile plastics must be recycled by adopting an effective technology. Polypropylene is a typical partially crystalline thermoplastic resin, and its wide range of applications is determined by its good cost performance ratio. In recent years, with the rapid development of the automobile industry and the high performance of polypropylene products, the yield and demand of polypropylene have been greatly increased, and the polypropylene becomes the fastest growing plastic for automobiles in recent years. Therefore, the recycling method not only recycles the metal parts of the scrapped automobiles, but also has high research value on the resource utilization of the plastic parts.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up the defects of the prior art, the method for recycling the scraped car can realize the complete separation of the metal and the plastic of the scraped car, can recycle the separated polypropylene plastic, reduces the environmental pollution caused by waste plastic, and simultaneously improves the utilization rate of resources.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a method for recycling a scraped car, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: cleaning the scraped car, discharging oil and detonating an air bag;
step two: after the first step is finished, conveying the automobile to a manual disassembling station for disassembling and classifying, wherein the automobile is respectively a metal part, a plastic part and a metal plastic composite part;
step three: sorting the metal plastic composite parts in the step two by a metal plastic sorting device to realize the separate collection of metal and plastic;
step four: adding a modifier to the disassembled polypropylene plastic part, and melting and granulating to manufacture the plastic component of the automobile;
the metal plastic sorting device comprises a sorting box, a rotating shaft, a motor, a knocking rod, a water tank and a receiving box, wherein the sorting box comprises a bottom plate, a side plate and a cover plate, the side plate comprises a first elastic plate, a first rigid plate, a first air bag and a first spring, a plastic outlet and a water filling port are formed in the right half part of the side plate, the water filling port is located above the plastic outlet, the first elastic plate is located on the inner side of the first rigid plate, and the first air bag and the first spring are arranged between the first elastic plate and the first rigid plate; the left half part of the first elastic plate is provided with an air outlet, the left half part of the first air bag of the side plate is connected with the air outlet through a hose and a one-way valve, and the air outlet is used for blowing the plastic floating on the water surface to a plastic outlet; the cover plate is arranged at the top of the side plate, a feed inlet is formed in the cover plate, and the feed inlet is used for feeding materials to be sorted into the sorting box; the bottom plate is positioned below the side plates, and a water outlet and a metal outlet are formed in the bottom plate; the water tank is arranged on the outer side of the separation box and communicated with the water filling port on the side plate; the receiving box is arranged on the outer wall of the sorting box and is connected with the plastic outlet on the side plate; the rotating shaft is vertically arranged on the bottom plate and is positioned in the sorting box; the motor is arranged below the bottom plate and used for driving the rotating shaft to rotate; the knocking rod is arranged on the rotating shaft and used for crushing a mixture of scraped car metal and plastic garbage entering the separation box, so that the metal and the plastic are separated, the metal and the plastic are conveniently separated by utilizing the difference of buoyancy force subsequently, the volume of the plastic in the separation box is reduced, and the plastic is conveniently recycled. When the garbage separator works, metal plastic garbage disassembled from a scraped car is put into the separator box through the feed inlet, then the motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate, the knocking rod knocks and crushes the garbage to enable the metal and the plastic to be separated from each other, meanwhile, water is added into the separator box through the water tank, the metal sinks into the water bottom, the plastic floats on the water surface, the metal and the plastic move at high speed in the crushing process to impact the elastic plate to enable the air bag to generate compressed air, a part of the compressed air generated by the air bag is sprayed out through the air outlet hole to blow the plastic on the water surface to the plastic outlet, the plastic is discharged through the plastic outlet on the side plate and falls into the receiving box, and the collection of the plastic is realized; then, water is discharged from the water outlet, so that metal is collected through the metal outlet, and finally, the separation of the plastic and the metal is finished.
The knocking rod is divided into two sections, namely a first knocking rod and a second knocking rod, the first knocking rod and the second knocking rod are connected through a cylinder, a cylinder body of the cylinder is hinged with the end part of the second knocking rod, and a piston rod of the cylinder is hinged with the end part of the first knocking rod; the air bag I on the right half part of the side plate is communicated with the air passage of the sealing ring through a hose and a one-way valve, and the interior of the first knocking rod is also provided with a through air passage communicated with the air passage of the rotating shaft along the axis direction; the part of the piston rod hinged to the first knocking rod is a ball, the same spherical groove is formed in the position, corresponding to the end of the first knocking rod, of the piston rod, the ball of the piston rod is located in the spherical groove of the first knocking rod to be hinged, the piston rod is provided with a through gas channel along the axis direction and communicated with the gas channel in the first knocking rod, an exhaust hole is formed in the cylinder body of the cylinder, and a pressure relief device is arranged in the exhaust hole. A part of compressed air generated by the first air bag is injected into an air passage of the sealing ring through the hose and then is injected into the cylinder through the rotating shaft, the first knocking rod and the air passage of the piston rod, so that the cylinder moves, the pressure relief device is used for periodically deflating, the horizontal reciprocating motion of the second knocking rod is realized, and the crushing effect of the knocking rod is improved.
The pressure relief device comprises a plug, a wedge block, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a second spring, a cavity is arranged in the position of an exhaust hole in the cylinder body of the cylinder, a through hole is further formed in the inner wall of the cylinder along the radial direction and communicated with the cavity of the cylinder, and the through hole and the exhaust hole are respectively located on two sides of a piston of the cylinder; the plug is positioned in an exhaust hole of the cylinder; the wedge block is positioned in the through hole of the cylinder, and the inclined plane of the wedge block is positioned in the cylinder; the number of the first connecting rods is two, and one end of each connecting rod is hinged to the bottom end of each plug and the bottom end of each wedge block; the middle part of the second connecting rod is hinged in a cavity of the cylinder, and two ends of the second connecting rod are respectively hinged with the first connecting rods; the second spring is positioned on one side, close to the wedge block, in the cavity of the cylinder, the lower end of the second spring is fixed at the bottom of the cavity, and the upper end of the second spring is connected with the second connecting rod. When compressed air is injected into the cylinder, a piston rod of the cylinder moves rightwards, the piston extrudes the wedge block after moving for a stroke, the wedge block moves downwards along the through hole of the cylinder, so that the second connecting rod swings, the swing of the second connecting rod pushes the first connecting rod connected with the plug to move upwards, so that the plug moves towards the inside of the cylinder along the exhaust hole, the exhaust hole is opened, air release is realized, and the piston rod moves leftwards due to air pressure change; when the piston rod moves leftwards and is separated from the contact with the wedge block, the second connecting rod swings reversely under the action of the elastic force of the second spring, the vent hole is blocked again by the plug, and the horizontal movement of the second knocking rod is realized in such a cyclic reciprocating manner.
The outer surface of the knocking rod is provided with a puncture cone which is used for puncturing metal and plastic garbage in the motion process of the knocking rod, so that the effect of crushing the metal and plastic garbage is improved.
A connecting piece is arranged between the knocking rod and the rotating shaft; the connecting piece comprises an elastic plate II, a rigid plate II, an air bag II and a spring III, wherein the elastic plate II is positioned on the inner side of the rigid plate II, the air bag II is arranged between the elastic plate II and the rigid plate II, the first knocking rod is fixedly connected with the rigid plate II, and the elastic plate II is connected with the rotating shaft through the spring III; the knocking rod is internally provided with an air storage tank, the outer surface of the knocking rod is provided with a sliding groove along the radial direction, and the sliding groove of the knocking rod is communicated with the air storage tank; the puncture cone is positioned in the sliding groove of the knocking rod, the bottom of the puncture cone is provided with a spring IV, the spring IV is connected with the bottom of the gas storage groove, and the air bag II is communicated with the gas storage groove of the knocking rod through a hose and an electromagnetic valve. In the rotating process of the rotating shaft, the second elastic plate deforms to extrude the second air bag, so that the second air bag generates compressed air, the generated compressed air is injected into the air storage groove, the puncture cone extends out of the knocking rod along the sliding groove, the puncturing effect is improved, and meanwhile, the compressed air sprayed out of the sliding groove can clean the surface of the knocking rod.
And one end of the second knocking rod, which is close to the first elastic plate, is provided with a striking head, the striking head is of a hemispherical structure, and the striking head is made of nylon materials. In the process of horizontal movement of the second knocking rod, the first elastic plate is hit by the impact head, compression of the first air bag is further promoted, damage to the first elastic plate possibly caused by the design of the nylon material is reduced, the service life of the first elastic plate is prolonged, and smooth operation is guaranteed.
The axis of rotation top is provided with the overhead guard, and the overhead guard is used for avoiding rubbish to fall into the connecting piece inside and causes the jam, and the overhead guard surface sets up puncture awl equally. When rubbish drops to the top cover, puncture the awl and carry out preliminary breakage to rubbish to make rubbish to remove all around and fall to the scope of knocking the pole motion, realized the multistage breakage of rubbish.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the method for recycling the scraped car, firstly, the scraped car is safely disassembled, the metal and the plastic of the metal plastic composite part in the scraped car are thoroughly separated, the separated polypropylene plastic can be recycled, the environmental pollution caused by waste plastic is reduced, and the utilization rate of resources is improved.
2. According to the method for recycling the scraped car, the metal and plastic sorting device is adopted to firstly crush the scraped car body to separate metal and plastic, then the metal and plastic are separated by using the buoyancy of water, the metal and plastic are preliminarily cleaned while the separation and screening are completed, the working efficiency is high, and the labor intensity of workers is low.
3. According to the method for recycling the scraped car, the air bag is compressed by using the impact in the crushing process to generate the compressed gas, and the plastic floating on the water surface is blown out from the outlet by using the compressed gas, so that the plastic is quickly and automatically collected, manual operation is not needed, and the high efficiency and automation of the metal and plastic separation link are ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a tapping rod of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the invention at A in FIG. 3;
in the figure: the device comprises a sorting box 1, a rotating shaft 2, a motor 3, a water tank 5, a receiving box 6, a bottom plate 11, a side plate 12, a cover plate 13, a first elastic plate 121, a first rigid plate 122, a first air bag 123, a plastic outlet 124, a water filling port 125, an air outlet 126, a feeding port 131, a water outlet 111, a metal outlet 112, a first knocking rod 41, a second knocking rod 42, an air cylinder 7, a cylinder body 71, a piston rod 72, a sealing ring 22, an exhaust hole 73, a plug 81, a wedge block 82, a first connecting rod 83, a second connecting rod 84, a puncture cone 43, a second elastic plate 91, a second rigid plate 92, a second air bag 93, an air storage groove 44, a percussion head 10 and a.
Detailed Description
A method for recycling a used automobile according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 1 to 4.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the method for recycling scraped cars according to the present invention comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: cleaning the scraped car, discharging oil and detonating an air bag;
step two: after the first step is finished, conveying the automobile to a manual disassembling station for disassembling and classifying, wherein the automobile is respectively a metal part, a plastic part and a metal plastic composite part;
step three: sorting the metal plastic composite parts in the step two by a metal plastic sorting device to realize the separate collection of metal and plastic;
step four: adding a modifier to the disassembled polypropylene plastic part, and melting and granulating to manufacture the plastic component of the automobile;
the metal plastic sorting device in the third step comprises a sorting box 1, a rotating shaft 2, a motor 3, a knocking rod, a water tank 5 and a receiving box 6, wherein the sorting box 1 comprises a bottom plate 11, a side plate 12 and a cover plate 13, the side plate 12 comprises a first elastic plate 121, a first rigid plate 122, a first air bag 123 and a first spring, a plastic outlet 124 and a water filling port 125 are formed in the right half part of the side plate 12, the water filling port 125 is positioned above the plastic outlet 124, the first elastic plate 121 is positioned on the inner side of the first rigid plate 122, and the first air bag 123 and the first spring are arranged between the first elastic plate 121 and the first rigid plate 122; the number of the first air bags 123 is multiple, the left half part of the first elastic plate 121 is provided with an air outlet 126, the first air bags 123 on the left half part of the side plate 12 are connected with the air outlet 126 through a hose and a one-way valve, and the air outlet 126 is used for blowing plastics floating on the water surface to the plastic outlet 124; the cover plate 13 is arranged at the top of the side plate 12, a feed inlet 131 is arranged on the cover plate 13, and the feed inlet 131 is used for feeding materials to be sorted into the sorting box 1; the bottom plate 11 is positioned below the side plate 12, and a water outlet 111 and a metal outlet 112 are arranged on the bottom plate 11; the water tank 5 is arranged outside the sorting box 1, and the water tank 5 is communicated with a water filling port 125 on the side plate 12; the receiving box 6 is arranged on the outer wall of the sorting box 1, and the receiving box 6 is connected with the plastic outlet 124 on the side plate 12; the rotating shaft 2 is vertically arranged on the bottom plate 11, and the rotating shaft 2 is positioned inside the sorting box 1; the motor 3 is arranged below the bottom plate 11, and the motor 3 is used for driving the rotating shaft 2 to rotate; the knocking rod is arranged on the rotating shaft 2 and used for crushing a mixture of scraped car metal and plastic garbage entering the separation box 1 to separate the metal and the plastic, so that the metal and the plastic can be separated conveniently by utilizing the difference of buoyancy force subsequently, the volume of the plastic in the separation box 1 is reduced, and the plastic can be recovered conveniently. When the garbage separating device works, metal plastic garbage disassembled from a scraped car is thrown into a separating box 1 through a feeding hole 131, then a motor 3 drives a rotating shaft 2 to rotate, a knocking rod knocks and crushes the garbage to enable the metal and the plastic to be separated from each other, meanwhile, water is added into the separating box 1 through a water tank 5, the metal sinks into the water bottom, the plastic floats on the water surface, compressed air is generated by an air bag 123 due to the fact that the metal and the plastic move at high speed in the crushing process and impacts an elastic plate 121, a part of the compressed air generated by the air bag 123 is sprayed out through an air outlet 126 to blow the plastic on the water surface to a plastic outlet 124, the plastic is discharged through a plastic outlet 124 on a side plate 12 and falls into a receiving box, and collection of the plastic is achieved; then, the water is discharged from the water outlet 111, so that the metal is collected through the metal outlet 112, and finally, the separation of the plastic and the metal is completed.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the knocking rod is divided into two sections, namely a first knocking rod 41 and a second knocking rod 42, the first knocking rod 41 and the second knocking rod 42 are connected through an air cylinder 7, a cylinder body 71 of the air cylinder 7 is hinged with the end of the second knocking rod 42, and a piston rod 72 of the air cylinder 7 is hinged with the end of the first knocking rod 41; a gas channel is arranged in the rotating shaft 2 along the axis direction, a gas inlet is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft 2 along the radial direction, the gas inlet is positioned below the knocking rod and is communicated with the gas channel in the rotating shaft 2, a sealing ring 22 is arranged on the rotating shaft 2 at the position of the gas inlet, the sealing ring 22 is rotatably arranged on the rotating shaft 2, a gas channel is arranged in the sealing ring 22 and is communicated with the gas inlet of the rotating shaft 2, a first air bag 123 on the right half part of the side plate 12 is communicated with the gas channel of the sealing ring 22 through a hose and a one-way valve, and a through gas channel is also arranged in the first knocking rod 41 along the axis; the piston rod 72 is provided with a spherical body at the hinged part of the first knocking rod 41, the same spherical groove is arranged at the position corresponding to the end part of the first knocking rod 41, the spherical body of the piston rod 72 is hinged in the spherical groove of the first knocking rod 41, the piston rod 72 is provided with a through gas channel along the axial direction and communicated with the gas channel in the first knocking rod 41, the cylinder body 71 of the cylinder 7 is provided with an exhaust hole 73, and a pressure relief device is arranged in the exhaust hole 73. A part of compressed air generated by the first air bag 123 is injected into an air channel of the sealing ring 22 through the hose and then is injected into the cylinder 7 through the rotating shaft 2, the first knocking rod 41 and the air channel of the piston rod 72, so that the cylinder 7 moves, the pressure relief device deflates periodically, the horizontal reciprocating motion of the second knocking rod 42 is realized, and the crushing effect of the knocking rods is improved.
As shown in fig. 4, the pressure relief device includes a plug 81, a wedge 82, a first connecting rod 83, a second connecting rod 84 and a second spring, a cavity is disposed in the position of the exhaust hole 73 on the cylinder body 71 of the cylinder 7, a through hole is further disposed in the inner wall of the cylinder 7 along the radial direction, the through hole is communicated with the cavity of the cylinder 7, and the through hole and the exhaust hole 73 are respectively located on two sides of the piston of the cylinder 7; the plug 81 is positioned in the exhaust hole 73 of the cylinder 7; the wedge block 82 is positioned in a through hole of the cylinder 7, and the inclined plane of the wedge block 82 is positioned in the cylinder 7; the number of the first connecting rods 83 is two, and one end of the first connecting rod 83 is hinged to the bottom ends of the plug 81 and the wedge block 82; the middle part of the second connecting rod 84 is hinged in the cavity of the cylinder 7, and two ends of the second connecting rod 84 are respectively hinged with the first connecting rods 83; the second spring is positioned at one side of the cavity of the cylinder 7 close to the wedge block 82, the lower end of the second spring is fixed at the bottom of the cavity, and the upper end of the second spring is connected with the second connecting rod 84. When compressed air is injected into the air cylinder 7, the piston rod 72 of the air cylinder 7 moves rightwards, the piston moves for a stroke and then extrudes the wedge block 82, the wedge block 82 moves downwards along the through hole of the air cylinder 7, so that the second connecting rod 84 swings, the swinging of the second connecting rod 84 pushes the first connecting rod 83 connected with the plug 81 to move upwards, so that the plug 81 moves towards the inside of the air cylinder 7 along the exhaust hole 73, the exhaust hole 73 is opened, air bleeding is realized, and the piston rod 72 moves leftwards due to air pressure change; when the piston rod 72 moves leftwards to be separated from contact with the wedge block 82, the second connecting rod 84 swings reversely under the action of the elastic force of the second spring, the air outlet 73 is blocked by the plug 81 again, and the horizontal movement of the second knocking rod 42 is realized through the cyclic reciprocation.
As shown in fig. 3, the outer surface of the knocking rod is provided with a puncture cone 43, and the puncture cone 43 is used for puncturing metal and plastic garbage in the motion process of the knocking rod, so that the crushing effect of the metal and plastic garbage is improved.
As shown in fig. 2, a connecting piece is arranged between the knocking rod and the rotating shaft 2; the connecting piece comprises an elastic plate II 91, a rigid plate II 92, an air bag II 93 and a spring III, wherein the elastic plate II 91 is positioned on the inner side of the rigid plate II 92, the air bag II 93 is arranged between the elastic plate II 91 and the rigid plate II 92, the first knocking rod 41 is fixedly connected with the rigid plate II 92, and the elastic plate II 91 is connected with the rotating shaft 2 through the spring III; the knocking rod is internally provided with an air storage groove 44, the outer surface of the knocking rod is provided with a sliding groove along the radial direction, and the sliding groove of the knocking rod is communicated with the air storage groove 44; the puncture cone 43 is positioned in the sliding groove of the knocking rod, the bottom of the puncture cone 43 is provided with a spring IV, the spring IV is connected with the bottom of the gas storage groove 44, and the gas bag II 93 is communicated with the gas storage groove 44 of the knocking rod through a hose and an electromagnetic valve. In the rotating process of the rotating shaft 2, the second elastic plate 91 deforms to extrude the second air bag 93, so that the second air bag 93 generates compressed air, the generated compressed air is injected into the air storage groove 44, the puncturing cone 43 extends out of the knocking rod along the sliding groove, the puncturing effect is improved, and meanwhile, the compressed air sprayed out of the sliding groove can clean the surface of the knocking rod.
As shown in fig. 2, an impact head 10 is disposed at one end of the second striking rod 42 close to the first elastic plate 121, the impact head 10 is of a hemispherical structure, and the impact head 10 is made of nylon. In the process of horizontal movement of the second knocking rod 42, the first elastic plate 121 is hit by the impact head 10, compression of the first air bag 123 is further promoted, damage to the first elastic plate 121 possibly caused by the design of the nylon material is reduced, the service life of the first elastic plate 121 is prolonged, and smooth operation is guaranteed.
As shown in FIG. 2, the top end of the rotating shaft 2 is provided with a top cover 21, the top cover 21 is used for preventing garbage from falling into the connecting piece to cause blockage, and the outer surface of the top cover 21 is also provided with a puncture cone 43. When the garbage falls onto the top cover 21, the puncturing cone 43 is used for primarily crushing the garbage, and the garbage moves towards the periphery and falls into the motion range of the knocking rod, so that the multistage crushing of the garbage is realized.
The specific process is as follows:
when the garbage separating device works, metal plastic garbage disassembled from a scraped car is thrown into a separating box 1 through a feeding hole 131, then a motor 3 drives a rotating shaft 2 to rotate, a knocking rod knocks and crushes the garbage to enable the metal and the plastic to be separated from each other, meanwhile, water is added into the separating box 1 through a water tank 5, the metal sinks into the water bottom, the plastic floats on the water surface, compressed air is generated by an air bag 123 due to the fact that the metal and the plastic move at high speed in the crushing process and impacts an elastic plate 121, a part of the compressed air generated by the air bag 123 is sprayed out through an air outlet 126 to blow the plastic on the water surface to a plastic outlet 124, the plastic is discharged through a plastic outlet 124 on a side plate 12 and falls into a receiving box, and collection of the plastic is achieved; then, the water is discharged from the water outlet 111, so that the metal is collected through the metal outlet 112, and finally, the separation of the plastic and the metal is completed.
A part of compressed air generated by the first air bag 123 is injected into an air channel of the sealing ring 22 through the hose and then is injected into the air cylinder 7 through the rotating shaft 2, the first knocking rod 41 and an air channel of the piston rod 72, when the compressed air is injected into the air cylinder 7, the piston rod 72 of the air cylinder 7 moves rightwards, the piston rod 72 moves for a stroke and then extrudes the wedge block 82, the wedge block 82 moves downwards along a through hole of the air cylinder 7, so that the second connecting rod 84 swings, the first connecting rod 83 connected with the plug 81 is pushed to move upwards by the swinging of the second connecting rod 84, so that the plug 81 moves towards the inside of the air cylinder 7 along the exhaust hole 73, the exhaust hole 73 is opened, air bleeding is realized, and the piston rod; when the piston rod 72 moves leftwards to be separated from contact with the wedge block 82, the second connecting rod 84 swings reversely under the action of the elastic force of the second spring, the air outlet 73 is blocked by the plug 81 again, and the horizontal movement of the second knocking rod 42 is realized through the cyclic reciprocation.
In the rotating process of the rotating shaft 2, the second elastic plate 91 deforms to extrude the second air bag 93, so that the second air bag 93 generates compressed air, the generated compressed air is injected into the air storage groove 44, the puncturing cone 43 extends out of the knocking rod along the sliding groove, the puncturing effect is improved, and meanwhile, the compressed air sprayed out of the sliding groove can clean the surface of the knocking rod.
While one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.
(A) In the above embodiment, the knocking lever is provided in two stages, but is not limited thereto, and the knocking lever may be designed in multiple stages as needed.
(B) In the above embodiment, the rotating shaft is driven by the motor to rotate, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the motor may be replaced by an impeller, and the rotation of the impeller may be driven by the generated compressed air.
Industrial applicability
According to the method for recycling the scraped car, disclosed by the invention, not only can the recycling of metal be realized, but also new car plastic parts can be produced by utilizing waste plastics, the utilization of energy is improved, and the environmental pollution is reduced, so that the method for recycling the scraped car is useful in the field of scraped car disassembly recycling.
Claims (3)
1. A method for recycling scraped cars is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: cleaning the scraped car, discharging oil and detonating an air bag;
step two: after the first step is finished, conveying the automobile to a manual disassembling station for disassembling and classifying, wherein the automobile is respectively a metal part, a plastic part and a metal plastic composite part;
step three: sorting the metal plastic composite parts in the step two by a metal plastic sorting device to realize the separate collection of metal and plastic;
step four: adding a modifier to the disassembled polypropylene plastic part, and melting and granulating to manufacture the plastic component of the automobile;
the metal plastic sorting device comprises a sorting box (1), a rotating shaft (2), a motor (3), a knocking rod, a water tank (5) and a receiving box (6), wherein the sorting box (1) comprises a bottom plate (11), a side plate (12) and a cover plate (13), the side plate (12) comprises a first elastic plate (121), a first rigid plate (122), a first air bag (123) and a first spring, a plastic outlet (124) and a water filling port (125) are formed in the right half part of the side plate (12), the water filling port (125) is located above the plastic outlet (124), the first elastic plate (121) is located on the inner side of the first rigid plate (122), and the first air bag (123) and the first spring are arranged between the first elastic plate (121) and the first rigid plate (122); the number of the first air bags (123) is multiple, the left half part of the elastic plate I (121) is provided with an air outlet (126), the first air bags (123) on the left half part of the side plate (12) are connected with the air outlet (126) through hoses and one-way valves, and the air outlet (126) is used for blowing plastics floating on the water surface to the plastic outlet (124); the cover plate (13) is arranged at the top of the side plate (12), a feed inlet (131) is formed in the cover plate (13), and the feed inlet (131) is used for feeding materials to be sorted into the sorting box (1); the bottom plate (11) is positioned below the side plate (12), and a water outlet (111) and a metal outlet (112) are formed in the bottom plate (11); the water tank (5) is arranged on the outer side of the sorting box (1), and the water tank (5) is communicated with a water filling port (125) on the side plate (12); the receiving box (6) is arranged on the outer wall of the sorting box (1), and the receiving box (6) is connected with the plastic outlet (124) on the side plate (12); the rotating shaft (2) is vertically arranged on the bottom plate (11), and the rotating shaft (2) is positioned inside the sorting box (1); the motor (3) is arranged below the bottom plate (11), and the motor (3) is used for driving the rotating shaft (2) to rotate; the knocking rod is arranged on the rotating shaft (2) and used for crushing a mixture of scraped car metal and plastic garbage entering the sorting box (1) to separate the metal and the plastic, so that the metal and the plastic can be separated conveniently by utilizing the difference of buoyancy force subsequently, the volume of the plastic in the sorting box (1) is reduced, and the plastic can be recycled conveniently;
the knocking rod is divided into two sections, namely a first knocking rod (41) and a second knocking rod (42), the first knocking rod (41) and the second knocking rod (42) are connected through an air cylinder (7), a cylinder body (71) of the air cylinder (7) is hinged to the end portion of the second knocking rod (42), and a piston rod (72) of the air cylinder (7) is hinged to the end portion of the first knocking rod (41); a gas channel is arranged in the rotating shaft (2) along the axis direction, a gas inlet is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft (2) along the radial direction, the gas inlet is positioned below the knocking rod and communicated with the gas channel in the rotating shaft (2), a sealing ring (22) is arranged on the rotating shaft (2) at the position of the gas inlet, the sealing ring (22) is rotatably arranged on the rotating shaft (2), a gas channel is arranged in the sealing ring (22) and communicated with the gas inlet of the rotating shaft (2), a first air bag (123) on the right half part of the side plate (12) is communicated with the gas channel of the sealing ring (22) through a hose and a one-way valve, and a penetrating gas channel is also arranged in the first knocking rod (41) along the axis direction and communicated with the gas; the part of the piston rod (72) hinged with the first knocking rod (41) is arranged to be a sphere, the position corresponding to the end part of the first knocking rod (41) is provided with the same spherical groove, the sphere of the piston rod (72) is positioned in the spherical groove of the first knocking rod (41) to realize hinging, the piston rod (72) is provided with a through gas channel along the axial direction and communicated with the gas channel in the first knocking rod (41), the cylinder body (71) of the cylinder (7) is provided with an exhaust hole (73), and a pressure relief device is arranged in the exhaust hole (73);
the pressure relief device comprises a plug (81), a wedge block (82), a first connecting rod (83), a second connecting rod (84) and a second spring, a cavity is arranged in the position of the exhaust hole (73) on the cylinder body (71) of the cylinder (7), a through hole is further formed in the inner wall of the cylinder (7) along the radial direction and communicated with the cavity of the cylinder (7), and the through hole and the exhaust hole (73) are respectively located on two sides of a piston of the cylinder (7); the plug (81) is positioned in the exhaust hole (73) of the cylinder (7); the wedge block (82) is positioned in a through hole of the cylinder (7), and the inclined plane of the wedge block (82) is positioned in the cylinder (7); the number of the first connecting rods (83) is two, and one end of each first connecting rod (83) is hinged to the bottom ends of the plug (81) and the wedge block (82); the middle part of the second connecting rod (84) is hinged in a cavity of the cylinder (7), and two ends of the second connecting rod (84) are respectively hinged with the first connecting rods (83); the second spring is positioned at one side, close to the wedge block (82), in the cavity of the cylinder (7), the lower end of the second spring is fixed at the bottom of the cavity, and the upper end of the second spring is connected with the second connecting rod (84);
the outer surface of the knocking rod is provided with a puncture cone (43), and the puncture cone (43) is used for puncturing metal and plastic garbage in the motion process of the knocking rod, so that the crushing effect of the metal and plastic garbage is improved;
a connecting piece is arranged between the knocking rod and the rotating shaft (2); the connecting piece comprises a second elastic plate (91), a second rigid plate (92), a second air bag (93) and a third spring, the second elastic plate (91) is located on the inner side of the second rigid plate (92), the second air bag (93) is arranged between the second elastic plate (91) and the second rigid plate (92), the first knocking rod (41) is fixedly connected with the second rigid plate (92), and the second elastic plate (91) is connected with the rotating shaft (2) through the third spring; the knocking rod is internally provided with an air storage groove (44), the outer surface of the knocking rod is provided with a sliding groove along the radial direction, and the sliding groove of the knocking rod is communicated with the air storage groove (44); the puncture cone (43) is positioned in the sliding groove of the knocking rod, the bottom of the puncture cone (43) is provided with a spring IV, the spring IV is connected with the bottom of the gas storage groove (44), and the air bag II (93) is communicated with the gas storage groove (44) of the knocking rod through a hose and an electromagnetic valve;
the scraped car metal plastic sorting system is in operation: metal plastic garbage disassembled from a scraped car is put into a sorting box (1) through a feeding hole (131), then a motor (3) drives a rotating shaft (2) to rotate, a knocking rod knocks and crushes the garbage to enable the metal and the plastic to be separated from each other, meanwhile, water is added into the sorting box (1) through a water tank (5), the metal sinks to the bottom of the water, the plastic floats on the water surface, compressed air is generated in an air bag I (123) due to the fact that the metal and the plastic move at high speed in the crushing process and impact on an elastic plate I (121), a part of the compressed air generated in the air bag I (123) is sprayed out through an air outlet (126), the plastic on the water surface is blown to a plastic outlet (124), the plastic is discharged through a plastic outlet (124) on a side plate (12) and falls into a receiving box, and collection of the plastic is achieved; then, water is discharged from a water outlet (111), so that metal is collected through a metal outlet (112), and finally, the separation of plastics and metal is finished;
a part of compressed air generated by the air bag I (123) is injected into an air channel of the sealing ring (22) through the hose and then is injected into the cylinder (7) through the rotating shaft (2), the knocking rod (41) and the air channel of the piston rod (72), when the compressed air is injected into the cylinder (7), the piston rod (72) of the cylinder (7) moves rightwards, the piston rod (72) moves for a certain stroke and then extrudes the wedge block (82), the wedge block (82) moves downwards along the through hole of the cylinder (7), so that the connecting rod II (84) swings, the swinging of the connecting rod II (84) pushes the connecting rod I (83) connected with the plug (81) to move upwards, so that the plug (81) moves towards the inside of the cylinder (7) along the exhaust hole (73), the exhaust hole (73) is opened, air bleeding is realized, and the piston rod (72) moves leftwards due to air pressure change; when the piston rod (72) moves leftwards and is separated from contact with the wedge block (82), the second connecting rod (84) swings reversely under the action of the elastic force of the second spring, the air exhaust hole (73) is blocked by the plug (81), and the horizontal movement of the second knocking rod (42) is realized through the cyclic reciprocation;
in the rotating process of the rotating shaft (2), the second elastic plate (91) deforms to extrude the second air bag (93) to enable the second air bag (93) to generate compressed air, the generated compressed air is injected into the air storage groove (44), the puncture cone (43) extends out of the knocking rod along the sliding groove, the puncturing effect is improved, and meanwhile the compressed air sprayed from the sliding groove can clean the surface of the knocking rod.
2. The recycling method of scraped cars according to claim 1, characterized in that: one end of the second knocking rod (42) close to the first elastic plate (121) is provided with an impact head (10), the impact head (10) is of a hemispherical structure, and the impact head (10) is made of nylon materials.
3. The recycling method of scraped cars according to claim 2, characterized in that: the top end of the rotating shaft (2) is provided with a top cover (21), the top cover (21) is used for preventing garbage from falling into the connecting piece to cause blockage, and the outer surface of the top cover (21) is also provided with a puncture cone (43).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109926434A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-06-25 | 浙江蓝景科技有限公司 | The collection device and system of automobile maintenance industry waste |
| CN110328207A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-10-15 | 昌鑫生态科技(陕西)有限公司 | Waste ammunition environmental protection is recycled technology |
| CN110861238B (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2021-08-20 | 台州市安锋智能科技有限公司 | Waste automobile recovery processing equipment |
| CN113664015A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-11-19 | 北京博瑞联通汽车循环利用科技有限公司 | Scraped car recycling treatment equipment and method for reducing environmental pollution |
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| CN102173007A (en) * | 2011-01-30 | 2011-09-07 | 路洪洲 | Method for recycling thermoplastic polypropylene plastic parts of scraped automobile |
| CN106807722A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-06-09 | 格林美股份有限公司 | It is a kind of for abandoned car entirety recycling processing method and equipment |
| CN206718254U (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2017-12-08 | 江苏力赛柯环保材料科技有限公司 | Metal impurities are sirred and separated machine in a kind of PE bottle pieces with electromagnetism bottom plate |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102173007A (en) * | 2011-01-30 | 2011-09-07 | 路洪洲 | Method for recycling thermoplastic polypropylene plastic parts of scraped automobile |
| CN106807722A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-06-09 | 格林美股份有限公司 | It is a kind of for abandoned car entirety recycling processing method and equipment |
| CN206718254U (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2017-12-08 | 江苏力赛柯环保材料科技有限公司 | Metal impurities are sirred and separated machine in a kind of PE bottle pieces with electromagnetism bottom plate |
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Effective date of registration: 20210406 Address after: 201400 no.9888 Puwei Road, Fengxian District, Shanghai Applicant after: XINGUANG RECYCLING (SHANGHAI) Co.,Ltd. Address before: 300356 Tianjin Deke Auto Parts Co., Ltd Applicant before: Wang Zhiqiang |
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