CN109013737B - Extrusion die of rail car body skirtboard large-width-ratio thin-wall section bar - Google Patents
Extrusion die of rail car body skirtboard large-width-ratio thin-wall section bar Download PDFInfo
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- CN109013737B CN109013737B CN201811204142.4A CN201811204142A CN109013737B CN 109013737 B CN109013737 B CN 109013737B CN 201811204142 A CN201811204142 A CN 201811204142A CN 109013737 B CN109013737 B CN 109013737B
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- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 235000012438 extruded product Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
- B21C25/02—Dies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C33/00—Feeding extrusion presses with metal to be extruded ; Loading the dummy block
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of aluminum alloy extrusion dies, and relates to an extrusion die for a large-width-ratio thin-wall section bar of a rail car body apron board. Bridge piers are added at two ends of the split-flow bridge, so that the structural strength of the split-flow bridge is greatly improved, and the problem of fracture caused by insufficient strength of the split-flow bridge is effectively solved; the butterfly-shaped welding chamber is adopted, so that the fluidity of metal can be accelerated, dead zones among the diversion holes are eliminated, extrusion resistance is reduced, and the quality of welding seams of extruded products is improved; the cooling device is arranged at the working belt of the lower die, so that the problem of die thermal fatigue caused by large temperature change of the die in the extrusion process is solved, and the cooling device has important significance for improving the surface quality of an extruded product and prolonging the service life of the die.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aluminum alloy extrusion dies, and relates to an extrusion die for a large-width-ratio thin-wall profile of a rail car body skirt plate.
Background
The existing aluminum alloy die design is stopped to the extent that the width of the product is smaller than 700mm, for the section bar with the width larger than 700mm, the diameter of an extruding cylinder of the extruding machine is small, the expansion feeding is overlarge, the die design difficulty is large, the product forming is difficult, and the qualification rate of the die on-machine is very low. Therefore, it is necessary to design corresponding dies for profiles with larger width and thinner overall thickness to meet the requirements of modern production.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide an extrusion die for a thin-wall profile with a large width ratio of a rail car body skirt board, which can increase the feeding of two sides of the die by reducing the feeding of the middle part of the die, so that the feeding of products is uniform, and the on-machine qualification rate of the die is improved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
The extrusion die comprises an upper die and a lower die which are mutually fixed through a limiting device, wherein a die core is arranged in the upper die, a shunt bridge is arranged on the side surface of the die core, one side of the die core, which faces the lower die, is provided with one or more shunt holes, and a feed groove is arranged in each shunt hole; a welding chamber and a die hole cavity are arranged on one side of the lower die facing the upper die, a blank cutter is arranged at a position opposite to the die core, and a working belt is positioned between the blank cutter and the die core; the end surface of the upper die matched with the lower die is a matched end surface; bridge piers are arranged on two sides of the shunt bridge, and the bridge piers are arranged in an eight-shaped mode with a certain inclination angle or are arranged in an = "mode with two parallel sides; the material feeding device further comprises a guide plate arranged on one side of the upper die, which is far away from the lower die, wherein the material enters from one side of the guide plate, which is far away from the upper die, and the end face is a feeding end face; and the die pad is arranged on one side of the lower die, far away from the upper die, the material is guided out from one side of the die pad, far away from the lower die, and the end face is a discharging end face.
Optionally, the diversion hole is connected with the feed groove through a perforation.
Optionally, the upper die and the lower die are connected and fixed through a locating pin and a screw, and locating pin holes and matching screw holes are arranged at corresponding positions of the upper die and the lower die.
Optionally, the thickness of the bridge pier is greater than that of the split bridge, and the split bridge is in transition with the bridge pier, and the radius of the arc is 15-25 mm, including 15mm and 25mm.
Optionally, a smooth transition slope protection is arranged at one end of the mold core, which is close to the welding chamber.
Optionally, a die lifting hole is further formed in the side edge of the die pad.
Optionally, two lifting die holes are arranged and symmetrically arranged at the side edges of the die pad.
Optionally, the device further comprises a cooling device arranged at the working belt, wherein the cooling device comprises a liquid nitrogen system and a temperature control system.
Optionally, the orifice cavity is connected to the antechamber.
Optionally, the inner walls of the welding chambers are smooth transition, and the whole welding chamber is butterfly-shaped.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. The flow guide plate adopts the scheme of expanding the area, reduces the feeding of the flow holes at the core part of the upper die, increases the feeding area and the expanding area at the outer side of the upper die, thereby achieving the purpose of increasing the feeding at the two sides of the upper die, gradually increases the area of the flow dividing holes in the upper die from the die core to the outer side, ensures that the area of the flow dividing holes at the middle part is about 8000mm 2, and ensures that the area of the flow dividing holes at the outer side is about 16000mm 2.
2. According to the invention, the shunt bridges at the two sides of the feeding hole of the upper die are respectively reduced by 64mm to form a material containing cavity, the material containing space is increased, so that the feeding far away from the die core part is more sufficient, the material containing cavity is connected with the inclined planes with the feeding end surface of 11 degrees and 52 degrees, the flow speed of the material to the material containing cavity is accelerated, the upper die sinks by 15mm to the shunt bridges, the welding height and space of the material are increased, and the material can be fully fused and welded.
3. According to the bridge, the bridge piers are arranged at the two ends of the bridge, so that the structural strength of the bridge is greatly improved, and the problem of fracture caused by insufficient strength of the bridge is effectively solved; the butterfly-shaped welding chamber is adopted, so that the fluidity of metal can be accelerated, dead zones among the diversion holes are eliminated, extrusion resistance is reduced, and the quality of welding seams of extruded products is improved; the cooling device is arranged at the working belt of the lower die, so that the problem of die thermal fatigue caused by large temperature change of the die in the extrusion process is solved, and the cooling device has important significance for improving the surface quality of an extruded product and prolonging the service life of the die.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out in the specification.
Drawings
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in the following preferred detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an extruded profile in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the orifice cavity and the front chamber structure;
Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of the slope protection, perforation, belt and trough structure.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific examples. The invention may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments merely illustrate the basic idea of the present invention by way of illustration, and the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Wherein the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are shown in schematic, non-physical, and not intended to limit the invention; for the purpose of better illustrating embodiments of the invention, certain elements of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced and do not represent the size of the actual product; it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The same or similar reference numbers in the drawings of embodiments of the invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that, if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., that indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on the azimuth or the positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but not for indicating or suggesting that the referred device or element must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, so that the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are merely for exemplary illustration and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that the specific meaning of the above terms may be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, reference numerals in the drawings denote: deflector 1, upper die 2, lower die 3, die pad 4, weld chamber 5, perforation 6, working belt 7, mold core 8, discharge end face 9, idle knife 10, mating end face 11, feed tank 12, feed end face 13, slope protection 14, split bridge 15, location pinhole 16, pier 17, mating screw hole 18, die hole cavity 19, split hole 20, front chamber 21, and lifting die hole 22.
The invention relates to an extrusion die for a large-width-ratio thin-wall section bar of a rail car body apron board, which comprises an upper die 2 and a lower die 3 which are mutually fixed through a limiting device, wherein a die core 8 is arranged in the upper die 2, a shunt bridge 15 is arranged on the side surface of the die core 8, one or more shunt holes 20 are arranged on one side of the die core 8, which faces the lower die 3, and a feed groove 12 is arranged in the shunt holes 20; a welding chamber 5 and a die hole cavity 19 are arranged on one side of the lower die 3 facing the upper die 2, a hollow cutter 10 is arranged at a position opposite to the die core 8, and a working belt 7 is positioned between the hollow cutter 10 and the die core 8; the end surface of the upper die 2 matched with the lower die 3 is a matched end surface 11; bridge piers 17 are arranged on two sides of the shunt bridge 15, and the bridge piers 17 are arranged in an eight-shaped mode with a certain inclination angle or are arranged in a parallel mode on two sides; the material feeding device further comprises a guide plate 1 arranged on one side of the upper die 2 far away from the lower die 3, wherein the material enters from one side of the guide plate 1 far away from the upper die 2, and the end face is a feeding end face 13; and a die pad 4 arranged on one side of the lower die 3 away from the upper die 2, the material is led out from one side of the die pad 4 away from the lower die 3, and the end surface is a discharging end surface 9.
Preferably, the split holes 20 are connected with the feed tank 12 through perforations 6; the upper die 2 and the lower die 3 are fixedly connected through positioning pins and screws, and positioning pin holes 16 and matching screw holes 18 are formed in the positions corresponding to the upper die 2 and the lower die 3; the thickness of the bridge pier 17 is larger than that of the split-flow bridge 15, and an arc transition exists between the split-flow bridge 15 and the bridge pier 17, wherein the radius of the arc is 15-25 mm, and the arc comprises 15mm and 25mm; a smooth transition slope protection 14 is arranged at one end of the mold core 8 close to the welding chamber 5; the side edge of the die pad 4 is also provided with a die lifting hole 22; the two lifting die holes 22 are symmetrically arranged at the side edges of the die pad 4; the device also comprises a cooling device arranged at the working belt 7, wherein the cooling device comprises a liquid nitrogen system and a temperature control system; the die cavity 19 is connected with the front chamber 21; the inner walls of the welding chambers 5 are smooth transition, and the whole welding chamber 5 is butterfly-shaped.
Because the bridge pier 17 thicker than the bridge 15 is arranged at the root of the bridge 15, on one hand, the structural strength of the bridge 15 can be improved, and larger extrusion resistance and extrusion moment can be born; on the other hand, as the bridge pier 17 is wider than the bridge body and is in arc transition with the bridge body, the contact area with extruded metal is increased, the metal dispersed on the unit area of the inner surface of the shunt bridge 15 is reduced, the flow of the metal is facilitated, the extrusion resistance is reduced, and the problem of early fracture of the shunt bridge 15 is effectively solved; the welding chamber 5 adopts a butterfly-shaped welding chamber 5, and as no dead zone is formed on the structure, the problem that the fluidity of metal is affected due to the fact that the metal stays in the dead zone is avoided, and therefore the quality of welding seams is improved; the cooling device is arranged at the working belt 7 of the lower die 3, so that the change value of the die temperature in the extrusion process can be effectively reduced, and the problem of thermal fatigue of materials is reduced.
As an improvement to the embodiment, the cooling device comprises a liquid nitrogen system and a temperature control system, cooling water or gas can be adopted as cooling medium for cooling the die, in the embodiment, the cooling medium is preferably liquid nitrogen, and the die can be rapidly cooled due to the fact that the liquid nitrogen is below-196 ℃, so that the problem of thermal fatigue caused by large temperature change of the die during operation is avoided, the temperature of the die is prevented from being suddenly increased and reduced through the temperature control system, the die temperature is always kept in a constant range, and the extrusion speed and the product production efficiency are improved.
As a modification of this embodiment, a cooling structure for storing liquid nitrogen is further provided at the working belt 7. The cooling structure similar to the shape of the processed part is arranged at the working belt 7, so that the temperature of the extrusion cavity and the temperature of the extrusion product can be rapidly and uniformly reduced, the quality problems of cracks or overlarge deformation caused by overlarge surface temperature difference of the extrusion product can be avoided, the surface quality of the extrusion product can be improved, and the service life of the die can be prolonged. As an improvement to the embodiment, the die core 8 adopts a boss structure, and compared with a cone table type structure and a cone type structure, the boss structure is more suitable for difficult-to-extrude profiles, is more beneficial to metal flow, and improves the quality of extruded products.
Experiments show that: the invention can effectively reduce the stress level and the integral deformation of the die in the extrusion process: the stress is reduced from 850MPa to 705MPa; the whole deformation is reduced from 0.32mm to 0.12mm, the service life of the large aluminum alloy extrusion die (split combined die) is finally prolonged to 20-25 tons/die, and the service life is prolonged by nearly 1 time compared with the domestic common service life of 5-15 tons/die, and is basically similar to the international advanced level.
According to the invention, the flow guide plate 1 adopts a scheme of expanding the feeding area, the feeding of the flow holes 20 at the core part of the upper die 2 is reduced, the feeding area and the expanding area at the outer side of the upper die 2 are increased, the purpose of increasing the feeding of the two sides of the upper die 2 is achieved, the area of the flow dividing holes 20 in the upper die 2 is gradually increased from the core part of the die to the outer side, the area of the middle flow dividing holes 20 is about 8000mm 2, the area of the outer side flow dividing holes 20 is about 16000mm 2, the feeding area of the core part of the die is about 27000mm 2, and the feeding area at the outer side is about 50000mm 2 (single side).
According to the invention, the two sides of the split-flow bridge 15 at the two sides of the feeding opening of the upper die 2 are respectively reduced by 64mm to form a material containing cavity, so that the material containing space is increased, the feeding away from the die core is more sufficient, the material containing cavity is connected with the feeding end face 13 by an inclined plane of 11 degrees and 52 degrees, the flow speed of the material to the material containing cavity is accelerated, the upper die 2 sinks by 15mm to the split-flow bridge 15, the welding height and the space of the material are increased, and the material can be fully fused and welded.
According to the bridge, the bridge piers 17 are added at the two ends of the bridge 15, so that the structural strength of the bridge 15 is greatly improved, and the problem of fracture caused by insufficient strength of the bridge 15 is effectively solved; the butterfly-shaped welding chamber 5 is adopted, so that the fluidity of metal can be accelerated, dead zones among the diversion holes 20 are eliminated, extrusion resistance is reduced, and the quality of welding seams of extruded products is improved; the cooling device is arranged at the working belt 7 of the lower die 3, so that the problem of die thermal fatigue caused by large temperature change in the extrusion process of the die is solved, and the cooling device has important significance on the surface quality of an extruded product and the service life of the die.
Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An extrusion die of a rail car body skirtboard large-width ratio thin-wall section bar is characterized in that:
The die comprises an upper die and a lower die which are mutually fixed through a limiting device, wherein a die core is arranged in the upper die, a shunt bridge is arranged on the side surface of the die core, one side of the die core, which faces the lower die, is provided with one or more shunt holes, and a feed groove is arranged in each shunt hole; a welding chamber and a die hole cavity are arranged on one side of the lower die facing the upper die, a blank cutter is arranged at a position opposite to the die core, and a working belt is positioned between the blank cutter and the die core; the end surface of the upper die matched with the lower die is a matched end surface;
Bridge piers are arranged on two sides of the shunt bridge, and the bridge piers are arranged in an eight-shaped mode with a certain inclination angle or are arranged in an = "mode with two parallel sides;
The material feeding device further comprises a guide plate arranged on one side of the upper die, which is far away from the lower die, wherein the material enters from one side of the guide plate, which is far away from the upper die, and the end face is a feeding end face; the die pad is arranged on one side of the lower die, far away from the upper die, the material is guided out from one side of the die pad, far away from the lower die, and the end face is a discharging end face;
The shunt hole is connected with the feed groove through a perforation, and the feed groove is connected to the working belt through the perforation;
The area of the diversion holes in the upper die is gradually increased from the die core to the outer side, the diversion bridges at the two sides of the feed inlet of the upper die are respectively reduced by 64mm to form a material containing cavity, and the material containing cavity is connected with inclined planes with the feed end surface of 11 degrees and 52 degrees.
2. The extrusion die of the rail car body apron board high-width-ratio thin-wall section bar as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper die and the lower die are connected and fixed through positioning pins and screws, and positioning pin holes and matching screw holes are formed in positions corresponding to the upper die and the lower die.
3. The extrusion die of the rail car body apron board high-width-ratio thin-wall section bar as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the bridge pier is greater than that of the split bridge, the split bridge and the bridge pier are in arc transition, and the radius of the arc is 15-25 mm, including 15mm and 25mm.
4. The extrusion die of the rail car body apron board high-width-ratio thin-wall section bar as claimed in claim 1, wherein: one end of the mold core, which is close to the welding chamber, is provided with a smooth transition slope protection.
5. The extrusion die of the rail car body apron board high-width-ratio thin-wall section bar as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the side edge of the die pad is also provided with a die lifting hole.
6. The extrusion die of the large-width-ratio thin-wall profile of the rail car body apron board as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the two die lifting holes are symmetrically formed on the side edges of the die pad.
7. The extrusion die of the rail car body apron board high-width-ratio thin-wall section bar as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cooling device is arranged at the working belt and comprises a liquid nitrogen system and a temperature control system.
8. The extrusion die of the rail car body apron board high-width-ratio thin-wall section bar as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cavity of the die hole is connected with the front chamber.
9. The extrusion die of the rail car body apron board high-width-ratio thin-wall section bar as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inner walls of the welding chambers are smooth transition, and the whole welding chamber is butterfly-shaped.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811204142.4A CN109013737B (en) | 2018-10-16 | 2018-10-16 | Extrusion die of rail car body skirtboard large-width-ratio thin-wall section bar |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811204142.4A CN109013737B (en) | 2018-10-16 | 2018-10-16 | Extrusion die of rail car body skirtboard large-width-ratio thin-wall section bar |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109013737A CN109013737A (en) | 2018-12-18 |
| CN109013737B true CN109013737B (en) | 2024-05-31 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201811204142.4A Active CN109013737B (en) | 2018-10-16 | 2018-10-16 | Extrusion die of rail car body skirtboard large-width-ratio thin-wall section bar |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110180909B (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2021-02-09 | 辽宁忠旺集团有限公司 | Production process of ultra-wide thin-wall carriage plate profile |
| CN112692095A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-04-23 | 重庆友利森汽车科技有限公司 | Battery frame bottom plate extrusion die |
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