CN109011206B - Beam diagnostic system for neutron capture therapy system - Google Patents
Beam diagnostic system for neutron capture therapy system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
An aspect of the present invention is to improve accuracy of neutron beam irradiation dose of a neutron capture therapy system and to provide a beam diagnosis system capable of being used for the neutron capture therapy system to perform fault diagnosis, and in one aspect, to provide a beam diagnosis system for the neutron capture therapy system, wherein the neutron capture therapy system includes a charged particle beam, a charged particle beam inlet for passing through the charged particle beam, a neutron generating part for generating a neutron beam by undergoing a nuclear reaction with the charged particle beam, a beam shaping body for adjusting a neutron beam flux and quality generated by the neutron generating part, and a beam outlet adjacent to the beam shaping body, wherein the charged particle beam inlet is accommodated in the beam shaping body, the neutron generating part is accommodated in the beam shaping body, and the beam diagnosis system includes a charged particle beam diagnosis device and a neutron beam diagnosis device, the beam diagnostic system is used to simultaneously diagnose whether the neutron capture therapy system and/or the beam diagnostic system is malfunctioning.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a beam diagnostic system, and more particularly, to a beam diagnostic system for a neutron capture therapy system.
Background
With the development of atomic science, radiation therapy such as cobalt sixty, linacs, electron beams, etc. has become one of the main means of cancer treatment. However, the traditional photon or electron therapy is limited by the physical conditions of the radiation, and can kill tumor cells and damage a large amount of normal tissues in the beam path; in addition, due to the difference of the sensitivity of tumor cells to radiation, the conventional radiotherapy has poor effect on the treatment of malignant tumors with relatively high radiation resistance, such as multiple linear glioblastoma (glioblastomas) and melanoma (melanomas).
In order to reduce the radiation damage of normal tissues around tumor, the target therapy concept in chemotherapy (chemotherapy) is applied to radiotherapy; for tumor cells with high radiation resistance, radiation sources with high Relative Biological Effect (RBE) are also actively developed, such as proton therapy, heavy particle therapy, neutron capture therapy, etc. Wherein, the neutron capture treatment combines the two concepts, such as boron neutron capture treatment, and provides better cancer treatment selection than the traditional radioactive rays by the specific accumulation of boron-containing drugs in tumor cells and the precise neutron beam regulation.
Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) utilizes Boron-containing (B: (B-N-C-B-N-C-10B) The medicine has the characteristic of high capture cross section for thermal neutrons10B(n,α)7Li neutron capture and nuclear fission reaction generation4He and7li two heavily charged particles. Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, schematic and graphical illustrations of boron neutron capture reactions are shown, respectively10B(n,α)7The Li neutron capture nuclear reaction equation has the average Energy of two charged particles of about 2.33MeV, has high Linear Energy Transfer (LET) and short-range characteristics, and the Linear Energy Transfer and range of alpha particles are 150 keV/mum and 8μm respectively7The Li heavily-charged particles are 175 keV/mum and 5μm, the total range of the two particles is about equal to the size of a cell, so the radiation damage to organisms can be limited at the cell level, when boron-containing drugs selectively gather in tumor cells, and a proper neutron source is matched, the aim of locally killing the tumor cells can be achieved on the premise of not causing too much damage to normal tissues.
Beam detection and diagnosis in neutron capture therapy systems is an important issue, directly related to the dose and effect of the irradiation therapy. Conventionally, there has been disclosed a neutron capture therapy system in which, for example, a gold wire for neutron beam measurement is attached to an irradiation target in advance, the gold wire is removed during irradiation of a neutron beam, and the amount of radiation of the gold wire is measured, thereby measuring the dose of the neutron beam during irradiation. And controls (e.g., stops, etc.) the neutron capture treatment system based on the measured irradiation dose so that the irradiation target is irradiated with the neutron beam at the planned irradiation dose.
However, in this case, if the irradiation dose rate of the neutron beam fluctuates after the amount of irradiation of the gold wire is measured for some reason, for example, the fluctuation cannot be sufficiently coped with, and it may become difficult to irradiate the irradiation object with the neutron beam at the planned irradiation dose. That is, in the neutron capture treatment system, the neutron beam irradiation dose cannot be detected in real time, and it is impossible to determine whether each component of the neutron capture treatment system and the detection device itself are malfunctioning by detection.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a neutron capture treatment system capable of improving the accuracy of the neutron beam irradiation dose and a beam diagnosis system capable of performing fault diagnosis.
Disclosure of Invention
An aspect of the present invention is to improve accuracy of neutron beam irradiation dose of a neutron capture therapy system and to provide a beam diagnosis system capable of being used for the neutron capture therapy system to perform fault diagnosis, and in one aspect, to provide a beam diagnosis system for the neutron capture therapy system, wherein the neutron capture therapy system includes a charged particle beam, a charged particle beam inlet for passing through the charged particle beam, a neutron generating part for generating a neutron beam by undergoing a nuclear reaction with the charged particle beam, a beam shaping body for adjusting a neutron beam flux and quality generated by the neutron generating part, and a beam outlet adjacent to the beam shaping body, wherein the charged particle beam inlet is accommodated in the beam shaping body, the neutron generating part is accommodated in the beam shaping body, and the beam diagnosis system includes a charged particle beam diagnosis device and a neutron beam diagnosis device, the beam diagnostic system is used to simultaneously diagnose whether the neutron capture therapy system and/or the beam diagnostic system is malfunctioning. The beam diagnosis system improves the accuracy of the neutron beam irradiation dose by simultaneously detecting the charged particle beam and the neutron beam. In addition, the beam diagnosis system is used for judging which devices and/or components in the neutron capture treatment system generate the abnormity through a series of detection results, or judging whether the detection devices in the beam diagnosis system are abnormal or not. Therefore, the aim is fulfilled, the accuracy of the neutron beam irradiation dose is improved, and the maintenance time and the cost are greatly reduced.
Preferably, the neutron capture treatment system further comprises a cooling device for placing a cooling medium at the neutron generating part to cool the neutron generating part and an object to be irradiated by the beam coming out from the beam outlet, and the beam diagnosis system further comprises a temperature detection device for detecting the temperature of the cooling device so as to know the condition of the neutron beam generated by the cooling device and the neutron generating part and a displacement detection device for diagnosing whether the displacement of the object to be irradiated moves. The arrangement is such that various detection devices are arranged from the source of the accelerator to the terminal of the object to be irradiated, and whether each key component of the neutron capture treatment system or the detection device has an abnormality or not is judged through the detection devices. As a preferred, such setting detection means from the source of the accelerator up to the terminal of the object to be illuminated: the vacuum tube department of accelerator source department is provided with detection device, and neutron production department is provided with detection device, and the cooling device department that is used for giving neutron production portion cooling usefulness that is close to neutron production portion is provided with detection device, is provided with detection device in the beam shaping body, and the beam exit is provided with detection device, treats that body department is provided with detection device.
As a preference, the neutron capture therapy system further comprises beam expanding means for expanding the beam of charged particles; the charged particle beam diagnostic device further includes a first current detection device for detecting the intensity and stability of the charged particle beam before entering the charged particle beam inlet and a second current detection device for detecting the intensity and change condition of the charged particle beam acting on the neutron generating section; the neutron beam diagnosis device further comprises a first neutron beam monitoring device which is used for detecting the intensity change and the spatial distribution of the neutron beams in the beam shaping body, a second neutron beam monitoring device which is used for detecting the intensity change and the spatial distribution of the neutron beams at the beam outlet and is embedded at the beam outlet.
More preferably, the first current detecting means is a Faraday cup (Faraday cup) which is a metal cup-shaped vacuum detector for measuring the incident intensity and stability of the charged particle beam, and the measured current can be used to determine the amount of the charged particle beam. After the charged particle beam enters the faraday cup, an electric current is generated. For a continuous beam of singly charged particles: calculated using the formula one, where N is the number of charged particles, t is the time (in seconds), I is the measured current (in amperes), and e is the base charge (about 1.6)0×10-19Coulomb). It can be estimated that if the measured current is 10-9A (1nA), about 60 million charged particles, are collected by a Faraday cup.
Of course, the first Current detecting device 100 may be any detecting device suitable for measuring the incident intensity and stability of the charged particle Beam at the vacuum tube of the accelerator, such as a Wall Current detector (Wall Current Monitor) and a Beam Transformer (Beam Current Transformer).
The wall current detector is characterized in that a sampling resistor is bridged at two ends of the ceramic isolation section, a voltage sampling signal can be obtained when beam mirror current flows through the sampling resistor, and the voltage sampling signal is calculated by adopting a formula II, wherein V is a detected voltage value, and I isbFor charged particle beam current, Z may be equivalent to a resistance at a specific frequency, and the wall current detector equivalent circuit is a parallel RLC circuit, as in equation three. The current of the charged particle beam during a certain time period t can thus be deduced from the detected voltage values.
V＝-Ib(t) Z (formula two)
The beam transformer is a current signal coupled out by a secondary winding on a magnetic core, and the current of the original charged particle beam can be obtained by analyzing the signal. The Transformer includes an alternating Current Transformer (AC Current Transformer, abbreviated as ACCT), a Fast Current Transformer (Fast Current Transformer, abbreviated as FCT), a resonant Current Transformer (Tuned Current Transformer, abbreviated as TCT), an Integrating Current Transformer (ICT), and a direct Current Transformer (DC Current Transformer, abbreviated as DCCT). Due to the wide variety, the beam transformers are not listed below, and the DCCT is used as an example only. The DCCT adopts a nonlinear magnetic modulation component to modulate a DC signal to be detected to the second harmonic of an excitation signal for detection.
In this embodiment, the second current detecting device 200 is a galvanometer (galvanometer), one end of which is electrically connected to the neutron generating unit T, and the other end of which is grounded to form a detecting loop, so as to obtain the current on the neutron generating unit T in the process of bombarding the neutron generating unit T by the charged particle beam P. Galvanometers are made on the principle that current carrying coils are deflected by a moment in a magnetic field. The coil of a conventional electricity meter is mounted on a bearing, the balance is maintained by a spring balance spring, and the deflection is indicated by a pointer. The measured current cannot be too weak due to the friction of the bearings. Galvanometers are suspended in a magnetic field using extremely thin metal suspension wires instead of bearings, and because the suspension wires are thin and long and the opposing torque is small, a very weak current passing through the coil is sufficient to cause significant deflection. The galvanometer is thus much more sensitive than a conventional ammeter and can measure micro-current (10)-7-10-10A) Or a micro-voltage (10)-3-10- 6V) such as photocurrent, physiological current, thermoelectromotive force, etc. The nerve action potential is recorded for the first time by using the instrument.
Of course, it is well known to those skilled in the art that the second current detecting device 200 may be any detecting device suitable for detecting the intensity and the variation of the charged particle beam acting on the neutron generating part in the vicinity of the neutron generating part, such as a current meter, a voltmeter, etc.
In this embodiment, the temperature detecting device 300 is a thermocouple (thermocouple), two different conductors (called thermocouple wires or thermodes) are connected in a loop at two ends, and when the temperature of the connection point is different, an electromotive force is generated in the loop, which is called thermoelectric effect, and this electromotive force is called thermoelectric potential. Thermocouples are used for temperature measurement by using the principle, wherein one end directly used for measuring the temperature of a medium is called a working end (also called a measuring end) and the other end is called a cold end (also called a compensation end); the cold end is connected with a display instrument or a matched instrument, and the display instrument can indicate the thermoelectric force generated by the thermocouple.
Of course, the temperature detecting device 300 may be any detecting device suitable for being disposed in or adjacent to the cooling device to detect the temperature of the cooling device and thus to know the condition of the neutron beam generated by the cooling device and the neutron generating part, such as a resistance thermometer, which measures the temperature according to the rule that the resistance of the conductor changes with the temperature by using a temperature sensor made of a material with known resistance change characteristics with the temperature.
The common neutron beam monitoring device capable of realizing real-time detection has two different detection principles of an ionization chamber and a scintillation detector head. Wherein the structure of the ionization chamber is used as a substrate, and the He-3 proportional counter and BF are arranged3The scintillation detector can be divided into organic and inorganic materials, and for the purpose of detecting thermal neutrons, the scintillation detector is added with high-thermal neutron capture cross-section elements such as Li or B. In short, the neutron energy detected by such detectors is mostly thermal neutrons, which are heavy charged particles and nuclear fission fragments released by the capture or nuclear fission reaction between elements and neutrons, and a large number of ionization pairs (ion pairs) are generated in an ionization chamber or a scintillation detector head, and after the charges are collected, they are converted by a proper circuit, so that the current signal can be converted into a voltage pulse signal. By analyzing the magnitude of the voltage pulse, the neutron signal and the gamma signal can be easily distinguished. In a high intensity neutron field, such as BNCT, the gas pressure of an ionization chamber, the concentration of a fissile material or a boron coating or the concentration of a high neutron capture cross-section element in a scintillation detector head can be properly reduced, so that the sensitivity of the neutron capture cross-section element to neutrons can be effectively reduced, and the occurrence of signal saturation can be avoided.
More preferably, the first neutron beam monitoring device 400 is a dissociation chamber (dissociation chamber), and when the neutron beam passes through the dissociation chamber, dissociation is performed between the neutron beam and gas molecules inside the dissociation chamber or between the walls of the dissociation chamber to generate electrons and positively charged ions, which are referred to as ion pairs. Due to the high voltage of the applied electric field in the split ionization chamber, electrons move towards the central anode wire and positive charge ions move towards the surrounding cathode wall, thus generating a measurable electronic pulse signal. The energy required to generate an ion pair for a gas molecule is called the mean free energy, which varies depending on the gas species, e.g., the mean free energy of air is about 34 eV. If there is a 340keV neutron beam, about 10k ion pairs are generated in the air.
Of course, the first neutron beam monitoring device 400 can be any detecting device suitable for being embedded in the beam shaper for detecting the intensity change and spatial distribution of the neutron beam in the beam shaper, such as He-3 ratio counter, BF3A ratio counter, a boron ionization chamber, a scintillation probe and the like.
More preferably, the second neutron beam monitoring device 500 is a scintillation detector head (scintillation detector) that emits visible light upon absorption of energy by a substance, referred to as a scintillation substance. It uses free radiation to excite the electrons in the crystal or molecule to excited state, and the fluorescence emitted when the electrons return to ground state is collected for neutron beam monitoring. The visible light emitted by the scintillation detector after the action of the neutron beam can be converted into electrons by a photomultiplier tube, and then multiplied and amplified, wherein the electron multiplication amplification rate can reach 107 to 108 generally. The number of electrons output from the anode is proportional to the energy of the incident neutron beam, so that the scintillation detector can measure the energy of the neutron beam.
Of course, the second neutron beam monitoring device 500 can be any detection device suitable for being placed in or adjacent to the beam outlet for detecting the intensity variation and spatial distribution of the neutron beam at the beam outlet, such as He-3 ratio counter, BF3Ratio counters, boron ionization chambers, and dissociation chambers, etc.
More preferably, the displacement detecting means 600 is an infrared signal detector, which operates by detecting infrared rays emitted from a human body. The detector collects external infrared radiation and then gathers the infrared radiation on the infrared sensor. Infrared sensors typically employ pyroelectric elements that release charge when they receive changes in infrared radiation temperature, and generate an alarm after detection. Such detectors are aimed at detecting body radiation. The radiation-sensitive element must be very sensitive to infrared radiation having a wavelength of around 10 μm.
Of course, the displacement detecting device 600 may be any detecting device suitable for detecting the displacement change of the object to be irradiated, such as a displacement sensor, as is well known to those skilled in the art. The displacement sensor determines whether the object to be photographed moves or not according to the displacement change of the object to be photographed relative to a reference object. It is also well known to those skilled in the art that the displacement detecting device can be used not only to detect the displacement change of the object to be irradiated, but also to detect the displacement change of the support member and/or the treatment table, etc. to which the object to be irradiated is fixed, so as to indirectly know the displacement change of the object to be irradiated.
As is well known to those skilled in the art, the number and the detection elements of the first current detecting device, the second current detecting device, the temperature detecting device, the first neutron beam monitoring device, the second neutron beam monitoring device and the displacement detecting device are not limited thereto.
On the basis of the functional relationship of the detection results of the detection and/or monitoring devices with respect to one another, it is possible to explicitly list the components of the fault, and in the following, several fault diagnosis situations based on the respective detection results.
When any one detection or monitoring device of the first current detection device, the second current detection device, the temperature detection device, the first neutron beam monitoring device and the second neutron beam monitoring device is detected to be abnormal and other detection or monitoring devices are normal, the abnormal detection or monitoring device is deduced to be in a fault; when the displacement detection device is detected to be abnormal and other detection or monitoring devices are normal, the displacement of the object to be irradiated is inferred to be changed or the displacement detection device is inferred to be in fault.
The neutron capture treatment system further comprises an accelerator for accelerating the charged particle beam, and when the abnormality of the first current detection device, the second current detection device, the temperature detection device, the first neutron beam monitoring device and the second neutron beam monitoring device is detected, the accelerator is concluded to be in fault.
When the second current detection device, the temperature detection device, the first neutron beam monitoring device and the second neutron beam monitoring device are detected to be abnormal and the first current detection device and the displacement detection device are detected to be normal, the fault of the beam expanding device is inferred.
When it is detected that the temperature detection device, the first neutron beam monitoring device and the second neutron beam monitoring device are abnormal and the first current detection device, the second current detection device and the displacement detection device are normal, it is inferred that the neutron generation part and/or the cooling device is/are in failure.
When the first neutron beam monitoring device and the second neutron beam monitoring device are detected to be abnormal and the first current detection device, the second current detection device, the temperature detection device and the displacement detection device are normal, the fault of the beam shaping body is inferred.
The first neutron beam monitoring device comprises a first neutron beam monitoring component and a second neutron beam monitoring component which are respectively positioned on two opposite sides in the beam shaping body, the second neutron beam monitoring device comprises a third neutron beam monitoring component and a fourth neutron beam monitoring component which are respectively positioned on two opposite sides at the beam outlet, and when any one of the first neutron beam monitoring component and the second neutron beam monitoring component is detected to be abnormal and/or any one of the third neutron beam monitoring component and the fourth neutron beam monitoring component is detected to be abnormal, the abnormal neutron beam monitoring component is deduced to be self-failed or the uniformity of the neutron beams is abnormal.
Of course, it is well known to those skilled in the art that the above-mentioned fault diagnosis conditions based on the detection results are just a few common cases, and there are many permutations and combinations, which can still be used to determine which neutron capture therapy system or detection device has which fault. Although not specifically illustrated, variations made in accordance with the spirit of the invention are still within the inventive concept.
The beam diagnosis system comprises a control device with a control part, and the control part sends a signal of human perception according to the detection result of the beam diagnosis system so as to confirm the next operation of the neutron capture treatment system. The human-perceived signal may be in the form of one or more of a signal that is perceptible by a human functional organ, such as an audible alarm, a warning light, a vibration, a pungent odor, or the like, in the form of an audible, visual, tactile, or olfactory sensation. Preferably, the control device further includes a display unit for displaying the detection result of the detection device and/or the failure diagnosis condition based on the detection result on a display device, which may be a common display device such as a television or a liquid crystal display. Through the feedback of the control device, the operator can easily judge the fault component, so that the operator can purposefully perform maintenance operation on the neutron capture treatment system and/or the beam diagnosis system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a boron neutron capture reaction.
FIG. 2 is10B(n,α)7Li neutron capture nuclear reaction equation.
Fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of a beam diagnostic system for a neutron capture therapy system in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a logic block diagram of the operation of a beam diagnostic system for a neutron capture therapy system in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic plan view of another embodiment of a first neutron beam monitoring device in a beam diagnostic system.
Detailed Description
Neutron capture therapy has been increasingly used in recent years as an effective means of treating cancer, with boron neutron capture therapy being the most common, the neutrons that supply boron neutron capture therapy being supplied by nuclear reactors or accelerators. The embodiments of the present invention are exemplified by an accelerator boron neutron capture therapy, the basic components of which generally include an accelerator for accelerating charged particles (e.g., protons, deuterons, etc.), a target and heat removal system, and a beam shaper, wherein the accelerated charged particles interact with a metal target to generate neutrons, and the appropriate nuclear reactions are selected according to the desired neutron yield and energy, the available energy and current of the accelerated charged particles, the physical properties of the metal target, and the like, and the nuclear reactions in question are generally characterized by7Li(p,n)7Be and9Be(p,n)9b, both reactions are absorptionAnd (4) carrying out thermal reaction. The energy thresholds of the two nuclear reactions are 1.881MeV and 2.055MeV respectively, because the ideal neutron source for boron neutron capture treatment is epithermal neutrons with keV energy level, theoretically if a metallic lithium target is bombarded by protons with energy only slightly higher than the threshold, neutrons with relatively low energy can Be generated, and the metallic lithium target can Be used clinically without too much slowing treatment, however, the proton interaction cross section of the two targets of lithium metal (Li) and beryllium metal (Be) and the threshold energy is not high, and in order to generate enough neutron flux, protons with higher energy are usually selected to initiate the nuclear reaction.
The ideal target material should have the characteristics of high neutron yield, neutron energy distribution generated close to the super-thermal neutron energy region (described in detail below), no generation of too much intense penetrating radiation, safety, cheapness, easy operation, high temperature resistance, etc., but actually, no nuclear reaction meeting all requirements can be found, and the target material made of lithium metal is adopted in the embodiment of the invention. It is well known to those skilled in the art that the material of the target may be made of other metallic materials than those mentioned above.
The requirements for the heat removal system vary depending on the nuclear reaction chosen, e.g.7Li(p,n)7Be has a higher requirement for a heat removal system due to the difference between the melting point and the thermal conductivity of the metal target (lithium metal)9Be(p,n)9B is high. In the embodiment of the invention7Li(p,n)7Nuclear reaction of Be.
Whether the neutron source of boron neutron capture treatment comes from nuclear reactor or the nuclear reaction of charged particles of an accelerator and a target material, a mixed radiation field is generated, namely a beam comprises neutrons and photons with low energy and high energy; for boron neutron capture therapy of deep tumors, the greater the amount of radiation other than epithermal neutrons, the greater the proportion of non-selective dose deposition in normal tissue, and therefore the unnecessary dose of radiation that these would cause should be minimized. In addition to the air beam quality factor, in order to better understand the dose distribution caused by neutrons in the human body, the embodiment of the present invention uses a human head tissue prosthesis to perform dose calculation, and uses the prosthesis beam quality factor as a design reference of the neutron beam, which will be described in detail below.
The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) gives five air beam quality factor suggestions aiming at a neutron source for clinical boron neutron capture treatment, and the five suggestions can be used for comparing the advantages and disadvantages of different neutron sources and serving as reference bases for selecting neutron generation paths and designing beam integrators. The five proposals are as follows:
epithermal neutron beam flux Epithermal neutron flux>1x 109n/cm2s
Fast neutron contamination<2x 10-13Gy-cm2/n
Photon contamination of Photon contamination<2x 10-13Gy-cm2/n
Thermal to epithermal neutron flux ratio of thermal to epithermal neutron flux ratio <0.05
Neutron current to flux ratio epithermal neutron current to flux ratio >0.7
Note: the super-thermal neutron energy region is between 0.5eV and 40keV, the thermal neutron energy region is less than 0.5eV, and the fast neutron energy region is greater than 40 keV.
1. Epithermal neutron beam flux:
the neutron beam flux and the boron-containing drug concentration in the tumor together determine the clinical treatment time. If the concentration of the boron-containing drug in the tumor is high enough, the requirement on the neutron beam flux can be reduced; conversely, if the boron-containing drug concentration in the tumor is low, high-throughput epithermal neutrons are required to administer a sufficient dose to the tumor. IAEA requirements for epithermal neutron beam flux are greater than 10 epithermal neutrons per second per square centimeter9The neutron beam at this flux can generally control the treatment time within one hour for the current boron-containing drugs, and the short treatment time can effectively utilize the limited residence time of the boron-containing drugs in the tumor besides having advantages on the positioning and comfort of the patient.
2. Fast neutron contamination:
since fast neutrons cause unnecessary normal tissue dose, and are considered contamination, the dose is positively correlated with the neutron energy, so that the fast neutron content should be minimized in the neutron beam designAmount of the compound (A). Fast neutron contamination is defined as the fast neutron dose accompanied by a unit epithermal neutron flux, and the recommendation for fast neutron contamination by IAEA is less than 2x 10-13Gy-cm2/n。
3. Photon contamination (gamma ray contamination):
gamma rays belong to intense penetrating radiation and can non-selectively cause the deposition of dose on all tissues on a beam path, so that the reduction of the content of the gamma rays is also a necessary requirement for neutron beam design, the gamma ray pollution is defined as the gamma ray dose accompanied by unit epithermal neutron flux, and the recommendation of IAEA for the gamma ray pollution is less than 2x 10-13Gy-cm2/n。
4. Thermal neutron to epithermal neutron flux ratio:
because the thermal neutrons have high attenuation speed and poor penetrating power, most energy is deposited on skin tissues after entering a human body, and the thermal neutrons content is reduced aiming at deep tumors such as brain tumors and the like except that the epidermal tumors such as melanoma and the like need to use thermal neutrons as a neutron source for boron neutron capture treatment. The IAEA to thermal neutron to epithermal neutron flux ratio is recommended to be less than 0.05.
5. Neutron current to flux ratio:
the neutron current-to-flux ratio represents the beam directivity, the larger the ratio is, the better the neutron beam directivity is, the neutron beam with high directivity can reduce the dosage of the surrounding normal tissues caused by neutron divergence, and in addition, the treatable depth and the positioning posture elasticity are also improved. The IAEA to neutron current to flux ratio is recommended to be greater than 0.7.
The prosthesis is used to obtain the dose distribution in the tissue, and the quality factor of the prosthesis beam is deduced according to the dose-depth curve of the normal tissue and the tumor. The following three parameters can be used to make comparisons of therapeutic benefits of different neutron beams.
1. Effective treatment depth:
the tumor dose is equal to the depth of the maximum dose of normal tissue, after which the tumor cells receive a dose less than the maximum dose of normal tissue, i.e. the advantage of boron neutron capture is lost. This parameter represents the penetration of the neutron beam, with greater effective treatment depth indicating a greater depth of tumor that can be treated, in cm.
2. Effective treatment depth dose rate:
i.e. the tumor dose rate at the effective treatment depth, is also equal to the maximum dose rate for normal tissue. Because the total dose received by normal tissues is a factor influencing the size of the total dose which can be given to the tumor, the parameter influences the length of the treatment time, and the larger the effective treatment depth dose rate is, the shorter the irradiation time required for giving a certain dose to the tumor is, and the unit is cGy/mA-min.
3. Effective therapeutic dose ratio:
the average dose ratio received from the surface of the brain to the effective treatment depth, tumor and normal tissues, is called the effective treatment dose ratio; the average dose can be calculated by integrating the dose-depth curve. The larger the effective therapeutic dose ratio, the better the therapeutic benefit of the neutron beam.
In order to make the beam shaper design more dependent, in addition to the five IAEA proposed beam quality factors in air and the three parameters mentioned above, the following parameters for evaluating the performance of neutron beam dose are also utilized in the embodiments of the present invention:
1. the irradiation time is less than or equal to 30min (proton current used by an accelerator is 10mA)
2. 30.0RBE-Gy for treating depth greater than or equal to 7cm
3. Maximum tumor dose is more than or equal to 60.0RBE-Gy
4. Maximum dose of normal brain tissue is less than or equal to 12.5RBE-Gy
5. Maximum skin dose not greater than 11.0RBE-Gy
Note: RBE (relative Biological effect) is the relative Biological effect, and since the Biological effects caused by photons and neutrons are different, the above dose terms are multiplied by the relative Biological effects of different tissues to obtain the equivalent dose.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, an aspect of the present invention is to improve accuracy of neutron beam irradiation dose of a neutron capture treatment system and to provide a beam diagnosis system capable of being used for the neutron capture treatment system to perform fault diagnosis, and in one aspect, to provide a beam diagnosis system for the neutron capture treatment system.
The neutron capture treatment system comprises an accelerator 10, a beam expanding device 20, a charged particle beam inlet for passing through the charged particle beam P, a neutron generating part T for generating a neutron beam N through nuclear reaction with the charged particle beam P, a beam shaping body 30 for adjusting the flux and quality of the neutron beam generated by the neutron generating part T, a beam outlet 40 adjacent to the beam shaping body 30, an object to be irradiated 50 irradiated by the beam coming out from the beam outlet 40, and a cooling device 60 for placing a cooling medium at the neutron generating part T to cool the neutron generating part T. The accelerator 10 is used to accelerate the charged particle beam P, and may be an accelerator suitable for an accelerator-type neutron capture therapy system, such as a cyclotron or a linear accelerator; the charged particle beam P here is preferably a proton beam; the beam expander 20 is provided between the accelerator 10 and the neutron generator T; a charged particle beam inlet is provided in the beam shaping body 30 in close proximity to the neutron generation unit T, and three arrows between the neutron generation unit T and the beam expansion device as shown in fig. 3 serve as the charged particle beam inlet; a neutron generating section T, preferably lithium metal, is housed within beam shaper 30; the beam shaper 30 includes a reflector 31, a retarder 32 surrounded by the reflector 31 and adjacent to a neutron generating part T, a thermal neutron absorber 33 adjacent to the retarder 32, and a radiation shield 34 disposed in the beam shaper 30, the neutron generating part T nuclear-reacts with the charged particle beam P incident from the charged particle beam inlet to generate a neutron beam N, the neutron beam defining a main axis, the retarder 32 moderating neutrons generated from the neutron generating part T to a epithermal neutron energy region, the reflector 31 guiding neutrons deviated from the main axis back to the main axis to increase the epithermal neutron beam intensity, the thermal neutron absorber 33 absorbing thermal neutrons to avoid excessive dose with a shallow normal tissue during treatment, and the radiation shield 34 shielding leaked neutrons and photons to reduce a normal tissue dose of a non-irradiation region; the beam outlet 40, which may also be referred to as a neutron beam convergence section or collimator, reduces the width of the neutron beam to concentrate the neutron beam; the neutron beam emitted through the beam outlet 40 irradiates a target portion of the object 50 to be irradiated.
The beam diagnosis system comprises a charged particle beam diagnosis device and a neutron beam diagnosis device, and is used for simultaneously diagnosing whether the neutron capture treatment system and/or the beam diagnosis system is in fault. The beam diagnosis system improves the accuracy of the neutron beam irradiation dose by simultaneously detecting the charged particle beam and the neutron beam. In addition, the beam diagnosis system is used for judging which devices and/or components in the neutron capture treatment system generate the abnormity through a series of detection results, or judging whether the detection devices in the beam diagnosis system are abnormal or not. Therefore, the aim is fulfilled, the accuracy of the neutron beam irradiation dose is improved, and the maintenance time and the cost are greatly reduced.
The charged particle beam diagnostic apparatus further includes a first current detecting means 100 for detecting the intensity and stability of the charged particle beam P before entering the charged particle beam entrance and a second current detecting means 200 for detecting the intensity and variation condition of the charged particle beam P through the action with the neutron generating section T; the beam diagnosis system further includes a temperature detection device 300 for detecting the temperature of the cooling device 60 to know the condition of the cooling device 60 and the neutron beam N generated by the neutron generation unit T; the neutron beam diagnostic device further comprises a first neutron beam monitoring device 400 embedded in the beam shaping body 30 for detecting the intensity variation and spatial distribution of the neutron beam N inside the beam shaping body 30 and a second neutron beam monitoring device 500 embedded at the beam outlet 40 for detecting the intensity variation and spatial distribution of the neutron beam N at the beam outlet 40; the beam diagnosis system further includes a displacement detection device 600 for diagnosing whether the displacement of the object to be irradiated 50 moves. As one preferable, the first neutron beam monitoring device 400 is provided with two neutron beam monitoring members, i.e., a first neutron beam monitoring member 401 and a second neutron beam monitoring member 402; the second neutron beam monitoring device 500 is provided with two neutron beam monitoring members, namely a third neutron beam monitoring member 501 and a fourth neutron beam monitoring member 502; the displacement detecting device 600 is provided with two displacement detecting members, i.e., a first displacement detecting member 601 and a second displacement detecting member 602.
In the present embodiment, each of the first neutron beam monitoring device 400, the second neutron beam monitoring device 500, and the displacement detecting device 600 is provided with two monitoring/detecting members, but it is well known to those skilled in the art that the number of the monitoring/detecting members may be set as needed, and may be 4, 6, or 8, for example. Such a neutron beam monitoring means may be optional as long as it is embedded in (or adjacent to) the beam shaper and/or within (or adjacent to) the beam outlet for detecting intensity variations and spatial distribution of the neutron beam; such a displacement detecting member may be selected as long as the displacement detecting member is disposed inside (or adjacent to) the body to be irradiated and can be used to detect a displacement change of the body to be irradiated. In addition, the positions where these monitoring/detecting members are placed are not strictly limited as long as the placed positions can perform the respective detecting functions.
The arrangement is such that various detection devices are arranged from the source of the accelerator to the terminal of the object to be irradiated, and whether each key component of the neutron capture treatment system or the detection device has an abnormality or not is judged through the detection devices. As a preferred, such setting detection means from the source of the accelerator up to the terminal of the object to be illuminated: the vacuum tube department of accelerator source department is provided with detection device, and neutron production department is provided with detection device, and the cooling device department that is used for giving neutron production portion cooling usefulness that is close to neutron production portion is provided with detection device, is provided with detection device in the beam shaping body, and the beam exit is provided with detection device, treats that body department is provided with detection device.
In the present embodiment, the first current detecting device 100 is a Faraday cup (Faraday cup) which is a metal cup-shaped vacuum detector for measuring the incident intensity and stability of the charged particle beam, and the measured current can be used to determine the amount of the charged particle beam. After the charged particle beam enters the faraday cup, an electric current is generated. For a continuous beam of singly charged particles: calculated using the formula one, where N is the number of charged particles, t is the time (in seconds), I is the measured current (in amperes), and e is the base charge (about 1.60 × 10)-19Coulomb). We can estimate if electricity is measuredFlow is 10-9A (1nA), about 60 million charged particles, are collected by a Faraday cup.
Of course, the first Current detecting device 100 may be any detecting device suitable for measuring the incident intensity and stability of the charged particle Beam at the vacuum tube of the accelerator, such as a Wall Current detector (Wall Current Monitor) and a Beam Transformer (Beam Current Transformer).
The wall current detector is characterized in that a sampling resistor is bridged at two ends of the ceramic isolation section, a voltage sampling signal can be obtained when beam mirror current flows through the sampling resistor, and the voltage sampling signal is calculated by adopting a formula II, wherein V is a detected voltage value, and I isbFor charged particle beam current, Z may be equivalent to a resistance at a specific frequency, and the wall current detector equivalent circuit is a parallel RLC circuit, as in equation three. The current of the charged particle beam during a certain time period t can thus be deduced from the detected voltage values.
V＝-Ib(t) Z (formula two)
The beam transformer is a current signal coupled out by a secondary winding on a magnetic core, and the current of the original charged particle beam can be obtained by analyzing the signal. The Transformer includes an alternating Current Transformer (AC Current Transformer, abbreviated as ACCT), a Fast Current Transformer (Fast Current Transformer, abbreviated as FCT), a resonant Current Transformer (Tuned Current Transformer, abbreviated as TCT), an Integrating Current Transformer (ICT), and a direct Current Transformer (DC Current Transformer, abbreviated as DCCT). Due to the wide variety, the beam transformers are not listed below, and the DCCT is used as an example only. The DCCT adopts a nonlinear magnetic modulation component to modulate a DC signal to be detected to the second harmonic of an excitation signal for detection.
In this embodiment, the second current detecting device 200 is a galvanometer (galvanometer), one end of which is electrically connected to the neutron generating unit T, and the other end of which is grounded to form a detecting loop, so as to obtain the current on the neutron generating unit T in the process of bombarding the neutron generating unit T by the charged particle beam P. Galvanometers are made on the principle that current carrying coils are deflected by a moment in a magnetic field. The coil of a conventional electricity meter is mounted on a bearing, the balance is maintained by a spring balance spring, and the deflection is indicated by a pointer. The measured current cannot be too weak due to the friction of the bearings. Galvanometers are suspended in a magnetic field using extremely thin metal suspension wires instead of bearings, and because the suspension wires are thin and long and the opposing torque is small, a very weak current passing through the coil is sufficient to cause significant deflection. The galvanometer is thus much more sensitive than a conventional ammeter and can measure micro-current (10)-7-10-10A) Or a micro-voltage (10)-3-10- 6V) such as photocurrent, physiological current, thermoelectromotive force, etc. The nerve action potential is recorded for the first time by using the instrument.
Of course, it is well known to those skilled in the art that the second current detecting device 200 may be any detecting device suitable for detecting the intensity and the variation of the charged particle beam acting on the neutron generating part in the vicinity of the neutron generating part, such as a current meter, a voltmeter, etc.
In this embodiment, the temperature detecting device 300 is a thermocouple (thermocouple), two different conductors (called thermocouple wires or thermodes) are connected in a loop at two ends, and when the temperature of the connection point is different, an electromotive force is generated in the loop, which is called thermoelectric effect, and this electromotive force is called thermoelectric potential. Thermocouples are used for temperature measurement by using the principle, wherein one end directly used for measuring the temperature of a medium is called a working end (also called a measuring end) and the other end is called a cold end (also called a compensation end); the cold end is connected with a display instrument or a matched instrument, and the display instrument can indicate the thermoelectric force generated by the thermocouple.
Of course, the temperature detecting device 300 may be any detecting device suitable for being disposed in or adjacent to the cooling device to detect the temperature of the cooling device and thus to know the condition of the neutron beam generated by the cooling device and the neutron generating part, such as a resistance thermometer, which measures the temperature according to the rule that the resistance of the conductor changes with the temperature by using a temperature sensor made of a material with known resistance change characteristics with the temperature.
The common neutron beam monitoring device capable of realizing real-time detection has two different detection principles of an ionization chamber and a scintillation detector head. Wherein the structure of the ionization chamber is used as a substrate, and the He-3 proportional counter and BF are arranged3The scintillation detector can be divided into organic and inorganic materials, and for the purpose of detecting thermal neutrons, the scintillation detector is added with high-thermal neutron capture cross-section elements such as Li or B. In short, the neutron energy detected by such detectors is mostly thermal neutrons, which are heavy charged particles and nuclear fission fragments released by the capture or nuclear fission reaction between elements and neutrons, and a large number of ionization pairs (ion pairs) are generated in an ionization chamber or a scintillation detector head, and after the charges are collected, they are converted by a proper circuit, so that the current signal can be converted into a voltage pulse signal. By analyzing the magnitude of the voltage pulse, the neutron signal and the gamma signal can be easily distinguished. In a high intensity neutron field, such as BNCT, the gas pressure of an ionization chamber, the concentration of a fissile material or a boron coating or the concentration of a high neutron capture cross-section element in a scintillation detector head can be properly reduced, so that the sensitivity of the neutron capture cross-section element to neutrons can be effectively reduced, and the occurrence of signal saturation can be avoided.
More preferably, the first neutron beam monitoring device 400 is a dissociation chamber (dissociation chamber), and when the neutron beam passes through the dissociation chamber, dissociation is performed between the neutron beam and gas molecules inside the dissociation chamber or between the walls of the dissociation chamber to generate electrons and positively charged ions, which are referred to as ion pairs. Due to the high voltage of the applied electric field in the split ionization chamber, electrons move towards the central anode wire and positive charge ions move towards the surrounding cathode wall, thus generating a measurable electronic pulse signal. The energy required to generate an ion pair for a gas molecule is called the mean free energy, which varies depending on the gas species, e.g., the mean free energy of air is about 34 eV. If there is a 340keV neutron beam, about 10k ion pairs are generated in the air.
Of course, the first neutron beam monitoring device 400 can be any detecting device suitable for being embedded in the beam shaper for detecting the intensity change and spatial distribution of the neutron beam in the beam shaper, such as He-3 ratio counter, BF3A ratio counter, a boron ionization chamber, a scintillation probe and the like.
More preferably, the second neutron beam monitoring device 500 is a scintillation detector head (scintillation detector) that emits visible light upon absorption of energy by a substance, referred to as a scintillation substance. It uses free radiation to excite the electrons in the crystal or molecule to excited state, and the fluorescence emitted when the electrons return to ground state is collected for neutron beam monitoring. The visible light emitted by the scintillation detector after the action of the neutron beam can be converted into electrons by a photomultiplier tube, and then multiplied and amplified, wherein the electron multiplication amplification rate can reach 107 to 108 generally. The number of electrons output from the anode is proportional to the energy of the incident neutron beam, so that the scintillation detector can measure the energy of the neutron beam.
Of course, the second neutron beam monitoring device 500 can be any detection device suitable for being placed in or adjacent to the beam outlet for detecting the intensity variation and spatial distribution of the neutron beam at the beam outlet, such as He-3 ratio counter, BF3Ratio counters, boron ionization chambers, and dissociation chambers, etc.
More preferably, the displacement detecting means 600 is an infrared signal detector, which operates by detecting infrared rays emitted from a human body. The detector collects external infrared radiation and then gathers the infrared radiation on the infrared sensor. Infrared sensors typically employ pyroelectric elements that release charge when they receive changes in infrared radiation temperature, and generate an alarm after detection. Such detectors are aimed at detecting body radiation. The radiation-sensitive element must be very sensitive to infrared radiation having a wavelength of around 10 μm.
Of course, the displacement detecting device 600 may be any detecting device suitable for detecting the displacement change of the object to be irradiated, such as a displacement sensor, as is well known to those skilled in the art. The displacement sensor determines whether the object to be photographed moves or not according to the displacement change of the object to be photographed relative to a reference object. It is also well known to those skilled in the art that the displacement detecting device can be used not only to detect the displacement change of the object to be irradiated, but also to detect the displacement change of the support member and/or the treatment table, etc. to which the object to be irradiated is fixed, so as to indirectly know the displacement change of the object to be irradiated.
As is well known to those skilled in the art, the number and the detection elements of the first current detection device, the second current detection device, the temperature detection device, the first neutron beam monitoring device, the second neutron beam monitoring device and the displacement detection device are not limited, and the number and the detection elements in the present embodiment are only given as an example.
On the basis of the functional relationship of the detection results of the detection and/or monitoring devices with respect to one another, it is possible to explicitly list the components of the fault, and in the following, several fault diagnosis situations based on the respective detection results.
When any one of the first current detection device 100, the second current detection device 200, the temperature detection device 300, the first neutron beam monitoring device 400 and the second neutron beam monitoring device 500 is detected to be abnormal and other detection or monitoring devices are normal, the abnormal detection or monitoring device is inferred to be in fault; when the displacement detection device 600 is detected to be abnormal and other detection or monitoring devices are normal, it is inferred that the displacement of the object to be photographed 50 is changed or the displacement detection device 600 is in failure.
When abnormality is detected in each of the first current detection device 100, the second current detection device 200, the temperature detection device 300, the first neutron beam monitoring device 400, and the second neutron beam monitoring device 500, it is estimated that the accelerator 10 is malfunctioning.
When it is detected that the second current detection device 200, the temperature detection device 300, the first neutron beam monitoring device 400, and the second neutron beam monitoring device 500 are abnormal and the first current detection device 100 and the displacement detection device 600 are normal, it is estimated that the beam expansion device 20 is in failure.
When it is detected that the abnormality occurs in all of the temperature detection device 300, the first neutron beam monitoring device 400, and the second neutron beam monitoring device 500 and all of the first current detection device 100, the second current detection device 200, and the displacement detection device 600 are normal, it is estimated that the neutron generation unit T and/or the cooling device 60 is malfunctioning.
When it is detected that the first neutron beam monitoring device 400 and the second neutron beam monitoring device 500 are abnormal and the first current detection device 100, the second current detection device 200, the temperature detection device 300, and the displacement detection device 600 are normal, it is estimated that the beam shaper 30 is out of order.
When it is detected that any one of the monitoring results of the first and second neutron beam monitoring members 401 and 402 is abnormal and/or any one of the third and fourth neutron beam monitoring members 501 and 502 is abnormal, it is inferred that the abnormal neutron beam monitoring member itself is faulty or uniformity of the neutron beams is abnormal.
Of course, it is well known to those skilled in the art that the above-mentioned fault diagnosis conditions based on the detection results are just a few common cases, and there are many permutations and combinations, which can still be used to determine which neutron capture therapy system or detection device has which fault. Although not specifically illustrated, variations made in accordance with the spirit of the invention are still within the inventive concept.
The beam diagnostic system includes a control device 700 with a control unit 710, and the control unit 710 sends a signal for human perception to confirm the next operation of the neutron capture therapy system based on the detection result of the beam diagnostic system. The human-perceived signal may be in the form of one or more of a signal that is perceptible by a human functional organ, such as an audible alarm, a warning light, a vibration, a pungent odor, or the like, in the form of an audible, visual, tactile, or olfactory sensation. Preferably, the control device 700 further includes a display portion 720, and the display portion 720 is used for displaying the detection result of the detection device and/or the fault diagnosis condition based on the detection result on a display device, which may be a common display device such as a television or a liquid crystal display. Through the feedback of the control device, the operator can easily judge the fault component, so that the operator can purposefully perform maintenance operation on the neutron capture treatment system and/or the beam diagnosis system.
Referring further to fig. 5, another embodiment of the first neutron beam monitoring device is shown, which is designated by the numeral 400', and in which the same devices/components as those in fig. 3 are shown, again identified by the same numerals, and the cooling device and other detection/detection devices are omitted for ease of illustration.
The first neutron beam monitoring device 400' may include one or more neutron beam monitoring means, and may be disposed adjacent to the beam shaper 30 to detect the neutron beam overflowing through the neutron generating unit T to directly detect the intensity variation and spatial distribution of the neutron beam, or may be disposed adjacent to the beam shaper 30 to detect the gamma rays generated after the charged particle beam P and the neutron generating unit T act, and may indirectly detect the intensity variation and spatial distribution of the neutron beam according to a functional relationship between the gamma rays and the neutron beam. The control device 700 ' includes a control portion 710 ' and a display portion 720 '. The display unit 720 'is used to display the detection result of the detection device 400' and/or the failure diagnosis status based on the detection result on a display device, which may be a display device such as a television or a liquid crystal display. Through feedback from the control device, the operator can easily ascertain the faulty component, and thus, the operator is directed to the next operation of the accelerator 10.
In summary, the first neutron beam monitoring device may be disposed in the beam shaper or disposed adjacent to the beam shaper, and a detection device capable of detecting the intensity variation and spatial distribution of the neutron beam in the beam shaper at the disposed position may be selected.
The beam diagnostic system for a neutron capture therapy system disclosed herein is not limited to the configurations described in the above embodiments and shown in the drawings. Obvious changes, substitutions or alterations of the materials, shapes and positions of the components in the invention are all within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (11)
1. A beam diagnostic system for a neutron capture therapy system, characterized by: the neutron capture treatment system comprises a charged particle beam, a charged particle beam inlet for passing through the charged particle beam, a neutron generating part for generating a neutron beam through nuclear reaction with the charged particle beam, a cooling device for placing a cooling medium at the neutron generating part to cool the neutron generating part, a beam shaping body for adjusting the flux and quality of the neutron beam generated by the neutron generating part and a beam outlet adjacent to the beam shaping body, wherein the charged particle beam inlet is accommodated in the beam shaping body, the neutron generating part is accommodated in the beam shaping body, the beam diagnosis system comprises a charged particle beam diagnosis device, a temperature detection device or a neutron beam diagnosis device for detecting the temperature of the cooling device so as to know the condition of the neutron beam generated by the cooling device and the neutron generating part, and a temperature detection device or a neutron beam diagnosis device for detecting the temperature of the cooling device so as to know the condition of the neutron beam generated by the cooling device and the neutron generating part And the beam diagnosis system is used for simultaneously diagnosing whether the beam diagnosis system or the beam diagnosis system and the neutron capture treatment system are in fault or not, and the beam diagnosis system makes corresponding fault diagnosis condition judgment according to the correlation between the detection results of the charged particle beam diagnosis device and the temperature detection device or the correlation between the detection results of the neutron beam diagnosis device and the temperature detection device.
2. The beam diagnostic system for a neutron capture therapy system of claim 1, wherein: the beam diagnosis system includes a charged particle beam diagnosis device, a neutron beam diagnosis device, and the temperature detection device.
3. The beam diagnostic system for a neutron capture therapy system of claim 1, wherein: the beam diagnosis system includes a second current detection device for detecting the intensity and change condition of the charged particle beam acting on the neutron generation unit, a first neutron beam monitoring device for detecting the intensity change and spatial distribution of the neutron beam inside the beam shaper, and the temperature detection device.
4. The beam diagnostic system for a neutron capture therapy system of claim 1, wherein: the beam diagnosis system includes a second current detection device for detecting the intensity and change condition of the charged particle beam acting on the neutron generation unit, a second neutron beam monitoring device for detecting the intensity change and spatial distribution of the neutron beam at the beam outlet, and the second neutron beam monitoring device and the temperature detection device are buried at the beam outlet.
5. The beam diagnostic system for a neutron capture therapy system of claim 1, wherein: the beam diagnosis system includes a second current detection device for detecting the intensity and variation condition of the charged particle beam that has acted on the neutron generation section, a first neutron beam monitoring device disposed adjacent to the beam shaping body to detect the neutron beam overflowing through the neutron generation section to detect the intensity variation and spatial distribution of the neutron beam in a direct manner, and the temperature detection device.
6. The beam diagnostic system for a neutron capture therapy system of claim 1, wherein: the beam diagnosis system includes a second current detection device for detecting the intensity and change condition of the charged particle beam acting on the neutron generation part, a first neutron beam monitoring device adjacent to the beam shaping body for detecting gamma rays generated after the charged particle beam acts on the neutron generation part and indirectly detecting the intensity change and spatial distribution of the neutron beam according to a function between the gamma rays and the neutron beam, and the temperature detection device.
7. The beam diagnostic system for a neutron capture therapy system of claim 1, wherein: the beam diagnosis system comprises a first current detection device for detecting the intensity and stability of the charged particle beam before entering the charged particle beam inlet, a first neutron beam monitoring device for detecting the intensity change and spatial distribution of the neutron beam in the beam shaping body, and the first neutron beam monitoring device and the temperature detection device which are buried in the beam shaping body.
8. The beam diagnostic system for a neutron capture therapy system of claim 1, wherein: the beam diagnosis system comprises a first current detection device for detecting the intensity and stability of the charged particle beam before entering the charged particle beam inlet, a second neutron beam monitoring device for detecting the intensity change and spatial distribution of the neutron beam at the beam outlet, and the temperature detection device.
9. The beam diagnostic system for a neutron capture therapy system of claim 1, wherein: the beam diagnosis system includes a first current detection device for detecting an intensity and a stability of the charged particle beam before entering the charged particle beam inlet, a first neutron beam monitoring device disposed adjacent to the beam shaper to detect a neutron beam overflowing through the neutron generating part to detect an intensity variation and a spatial distribution of the neutron beam in a direct manner, and the temperature detection device.
10. The beam diagnostic system for a neutron capture therapy system of claim 1, wherein: the beam diagnosis system includes a first current detection device for detecting the intensity and stability of the charged particle beam before entering the charged particle beam inlet, a first neutron beam monitoring device adjacent to the beam shaping body for detecting gamma rays generated after the charged particle beam and the neutron generation part act, and indirectly detecting the intensity change and spatial distribution of the neutron beam according to the function between the gamma rays and the neutron beam, and the temperature detection device.
11. The beam diagnostic system for a neutron capture therapy system of any of claims 1 to 10, wherein: the neutron capture treatment system further comprises a body to be irradiated which is irradiated by the beam coming out through the beam outlet, and the beam diagnosis system further comprises a displacement detection device for diagnosing whether the displacement of the body to be irradiated moves or not.
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| CN104511096B (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2018-01-05 | 南京中硼联康医疗科技有限公司 | Beam-shaping body for neutron capture treatment |
| CN204319540U (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-05-13 | 南京中硼联康医疗科技有限公司 | For the beam-shaping body of neutron capture treatment |
| CN205073541U (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2016-03-09 | 南京中硼联康医疗科技有限公司 | A beam diagnostic system for neutron capture treatment system |
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| CN109011206A (en) | 2018-12-18 |
| CN106552322A (en) | 2017-04-05 |
| CN106552322B (en) | 2018-08-21 |
| CN109011207B (en) | 2020-10-16 |
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