CN109000857B

CN109000857B - Color-developing fluorescent silica gel, preparation method thereof and application thereof in fuel leakage detection of aerocraft

Info

Publication number: CN109000857B
Application number: CN201810480189.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 柳华; 曾泰; 吴海涛; 曾萍; 李志强; 夏祖西; 王文武
Original assignee: Second Research Institute of CAAC
Current assignee: Second Research Institute of CAAC
Priority date: 2018-05-18
Filing date: 2018-05-18
Publication date: 2020-04-14
Anticipated expiration: 2038-05-18
Also published as: CN109000857A

Abstract

The invention relates to a chromogenic fluorescent silica gel, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in oil leakage detection of an aerocraft, wherein the chromogenic fluorescent silica gel comprises the following raw material components: fluorescent color developing agent and silica gel; the mass ratio of the fluorescent color developing agent to the silica gel is (0.8-1.2) to (9-21); the preparation method comprises the following steps: and mixing the fluorescent color developing agent and the silica gel, stirring until the silica gel is uniformly reddish brown, and depositing to obtain the color developing fluorescent silica gel. The color-developing fluorescent silica gel provided by the invention has a good fluorescent color-developing effect under the conventional 365nm ultraviolet lamp condition after adsorbing aviation fuel oil; the method has stronger discrimination for water and oil phases; the overflowed fuel oil droplets can be quickly adsorbed under high humidity and high water vapor, and the fuel oil traces are reserved; the fluorescent color development effect can be preserved for a long time; can be effectively used from high temperature on the ground to low temperature in the air; the phenomena of 'sticky' and falling-off and the like can not occur under the conditions of high humidity, large airspeed and high altitude flight; has no corrosiveness to the skin of the airplane and the surface paint.

Description

Color-developing fluorescent silica gel, preparation method thereof and application thereof in fuel leakage detection of aerocraft

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of chemical detection, in particular to a chromogenic fluorescent silica gel, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in fuel leakage detection of an aerocraft.

Background

Commercial aircraft fuel tank venting systems use an "open vent system" that communicates the oil-free space above the fuel level in each fuel tank to the outside atmosphere. Proper fuel tank venting is critical throughout the aircraft's range of flight envelope in which the fuel tank is allowed to "breathe" as the aircraft climbs and descends, and without such provisions, large pressure differentials between the oil-free space and the outside atmosphere can develop, resulting in very large forces acting on the tank structure. The venting system plays a critical role in protecting the tank structure from structural failure when the aircraft is in transitional flight between ground and cruising altitude.

The reason for placing the ventilation tank outside the wing is to locate the scoop (the interface of the ventilation system to the outside atmosphere) away from the fuselage in order to maximise ram air recovery. For most commercial aircraft, the ventilation tank is located near the wing tip, as shown in fig. 1. For the typical lower monowing aircraft design used by most commercial transport aircraft, the wings have a large dihedral angle, so that the ventilation tanks can easily become high points during flight. On upper mono-wing aircraft, the location of the ventilation tank may not be at a high point during flight, and therefore ventilation systems typically employ a fuel dump pump to prevent fuel from accumulating in the ventilation tank through the tank ventilation line.

The air intake for the outside air into the ventilated fuel tank is generally constituted by a specifically shaped scoop, as shown in figures 2 and 3, which provides an optimal combination of aerodynamic recovery and resistance. Dynamic pressure recovery is very important to improve pump performance margins, particularly in hot and high altitude operating conditions, where fuel vapors escaping from the fuel may impair the performance of the fuel pump, and therefore fuel vapors escaping from the scoop need to be monitored during aircraft test flight to ensure aircraft flight safety. Furthermore, during the refuelling process, the fuel added replaces the air in the tank, and it is necessary to avoid fuel spillage outside the tank, and in order to achieve this consistently and reliably, it is necessary to monitor aircraft fuel leakage by simple and easy means.

In the flying process of the airplane, the detection reagent positioned outside the air scoop directly contacts with air at high altitude (10000m), and how to effectively detect fuel oil overflowing from the air scoop of the oil tank under the severe conditions of high humidity, high and low temperature (-60-40 ℃), high airspeed (0.85Ma) and the like, namely the adhesion of the reagent in the high-speed flying process needs to be considered, and the adsorption and color rendering performance of the reagent on leaked oil under the conditions of high humidity and high and low temperature needs to be considered. As such, the problem of aircraft fuel leak detection has been a difficult point in aircraft fuel tank venting system test flights.

The fuel leakage detection needs to meet the following requirements: a) the agent can be uniformly coated on the lower surface of the wing around the oil tank air-breather bail, the coating thickness can not exceed 2mm, the performance can reach stability within 3h after coating, and the agent is firmly adhered to the surface of the airplane and can not fall off after 48 h; b) the reagent can be used in the temperature range from high ground temperature (40 ℃) to low air temperature (atmospheric temperature-60 ℃), and can not be dissolved, denatured and the like under the environmental condition of temperature change to cause falling off; c) the reagent can not fall off when used under the condition of high speed (0.85Ma) in the air; d) the reagent can be used in the environment of water vapor (relative humidity is 100 percent), has good cohesiveness with the outer surface of an airplane, and can not fall off and the like; e) the reagent has no corrosivity on the skin and the surface paint of the airplane, can not generate chemical reaction with the paint, can not damage the skin and the surface paint structure, and can not generate substances harmful to the human body and the airplane; f) the reagent can quickly adsorb overflowed fuel oil drops under the conditions of high speed, low temperature and water vapor, and fuel oil traces are reserved on the surface of the fuel oil color developing agent until the airplane returns to the ground; g) the reagent does not adsorb fuel steam or has weak adsorption capacity, and traces left by the steam and fuel droplets can be distinguished by using a color development method; h) after the flight test is finished, the reagent can quickly detect the overflowed fuel, the color development method is simple and convenient, the color development result is clear and visible, and the recording is easy; i) the adopted method does not cause unrecoverable harmful damage to the airplane and the operators.

In addition, the removal of the reagent does not cause permanent unrecoverable damage to the skin and exterior paint of the aircraft, and the removal is simple and easy to operate, and does not cause harm to the health of operators.

Currently, aviation fuel oil used in China mainly comprises aviation kerosene and aviation gasoline, and common brands are No. RP-3 aviation kerosene, No. 91UL and No. 100LL aviation gasoline. The aviation fuel oil is clear and transparent in appearance and stable in chemical components, and is difficult to react with other substances in a chemical and color development manner, and besides, the aircraft has extreme conditions of high airspeed, high humidity, high and low temperature and the like in the flying process, the aviation fuel oil detection reagent is not mature at home and abroad and can be directly applied to flight tests.

The Chinese flying test flying institute provides a method for preparing aviation kerosene color developing agent (patent No. CN 103148997). The method comprises the steps of adding 10 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose into 500 parts of water, heating and boiling to fully dissolve the sodium carboxymethylcellulose until the solution becomes transparent, and cooling and standing for 2-5 hours; and (3) after cooling, precipitating the insoluble sodium carboxymethylcellulose, taking supernatant, adding 250 parts of thin-layer chromatography silica gel, adding 1.5 parts of ethanol to form thin-layer chromatography silica gel slurry, and stirring for 0.5-1 hour until the thin-layer chromatography silica gel slurry is uniformly mixed. In the patent, sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) is used as a bonding agent, the bonding agent is a hydrophilic agent, and the bonding agent can absorb water and become sticky under high-humidity flying conditions (such as cloud wearing, rain falling and the like), so that the problems of dissolution, denaturation and the like are caused, and the falling phenomenon is caused.

With the development of the aircraft surface coating technology, the novel aircraft surface coating adopts an anticorrosive wear-resistant self-cleaning material, so that the finish paint is compact and smooth, and the finish paint adhesion of the binder can be reduced, such as a domestic C919 aircraft paint board (ALEXIT-H/S-Clear coat 411-14/ALEXIT-H/S-Basecoat 411-22). Sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) is a polymer binder, and the polymer bodies in the CMC are round particles, and the radius of the particles is between 0.5 and 5 mu m. The bonding of objects is achieved by the tension between the polymer bodies in the sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC). Sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) contains water as a carrier for polymers, and the polymers carried by water gradually infiltrate into the tissues of the body. When the water in the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) disappears, the polymer bodies in the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) are tightly combined together by means of the mutual pulling force. Because the surface of the aircraft finish is smooth and compact, high polymer bodies in the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) are mutually crowded together, and good tensile force cannot be generated among the high polymer bodies. The polymer bodies are crowded with each other and do not form the strongest attractive force between them. Meanwhile, the moisture between the polymer bodies is not easy to volatilize. Experiments prove that the viscosity of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and the surface of the aircraft skin is not strong, and the whole body falls off particularly under the conditions of high altitude, low temperature (about-60 ℃) and large airspeed (0.85Ma), so that the monitoring requirement of the test flight of the aircraft cannot be ensured. This patent can effectively solve the condition that the fuel color developing agent uses the dropout under high humidity, high low temperature, high speed condition through selecting suitable binder.

In addition, the traditional method adopts a 254nm ultraviolet lamp to irradiate the detected area coated with the aviation kerosene color developing agent, and experiments show that the color developing effect of the method is not obvious, and oil leakage cannot be well monitored. The traditional scheme adopts a 254nm specific short-wavelength ultraviolet lamp for a laboratory, and the short-wavelength ultraviolet lamp is high in price, short in service life and greatly harmful to a human body. The short-wavelength ultraviolet lamp has higher energy and has ignition risk in the oil product detection process.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the color-developing fluorescent silica gel and the preparation method thereof and the application thereof in detecting fuel leakage of an aircraft, so as to solve the problem that the aircraft can effectively detect the fuel overflow at the ventilation scoop of the fuel tank in the flight process of the aircraft under the conditions of high humidity, high and low temperature, high airspeed and the like in the flight process of the aircraft, ensure that the test task can be reasonably and flexibly arranged in the test flight of the aircraft, improve the requirement of the test flight efficiency and fill the domestic blank.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

the invention provides a color developing fluorescent silica gel, which comprises the following raw material components: fluorescent color developing agent and silica gel; the mass ratio of the fluorescent color developing agent to the silica gel is preferably (0.8-1.2) to (9-21).

Preferably, the fluorescent color developer is selected from one or more of Sudan red III, oil red O, coumarin, 1, 8-naphthalimide, recrystallized oil red AB4, fluoroboro-fluor, benzoxadiazole, diphenyloxazole, fluorescein, cyanine and olefin and arene dye purification parts obtained by chromatography.

Preferably, the silica gel used in the present invention is colorless silica gel; the silica gel is preferably activated prior to use.

The color-developing fluorescent silica gel provided by the invention is preferably matched with a 365nm ultraviolet lamp for use, and a portable currency detector ultraviolet lamp can be adopted.

The invention provides a preparation method of chromogenic fluorescent silica gel, which comprises the following steps: and mixing the fluorescent color developing agent and the silica gel, stirring in a dry and light-proof environment, stopping stirring when the silica gel is uniformly reddish brown, and then depositing to obtain the color developing fluorescent silica gel. The prepared color developing fluorescent silica gel is placed in a dark place or a dark normal pressure nitrogen gas for storage and standby.

The invention also provides a kit for detecting oil leakage, which comprises the chromogenic fluorescent silica gel, preferably also comprises an adhesive, and more preferably comprises a remover.

Preferably, the kit further comprises a solvent; the solvent is selected from one or more of water, methanol, ethanol and butanone; the adhesive is selected from nitrocotton and/or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; the remover is one or more selected from water, ethyl acetate and butanone.

Preferably, the kit further comprises a pressure sensitive glue, preferably further comprises a release paper; the adhesive layer containing the color-developing fluorescent silica gel is formed by mixing the color-developing fluorescent silica gel and an adhesive, and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is attached to the surface of the adhesive layer containing the color-developing fluorescent silica gel; preferably, the surface of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is also adhered with release paper; wherein the adhesive is a thermoplastic adhesive, and the thermoplastic adhesive is selected from one or more of polyvinyl acetate, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate resin; the remover is one or more selected from ethanol, No. 100 solvent oil and butanone.

Preferably, the kit also comprises adhesive with holes, the aperture of the adhesive with holes is 0.8-1.2 mm, and the hole interval of the adhesive with holes is 1.5-2.5 mm.

Preferably, the kit further comprises a substrate; the adhesive is a thermoplastic adhesive, and the thermoplastic adhesive is selected from one or more of polyvinyl acetate, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate resin; the base material is selected from one or more of 3M textured tape, PET base material, high-flexibility acrylic foam, VHB acrylic foam and PU acrylic foam; the remover is one or more selected from water, ethanol, No. 100 solvent oil and butanone. Preferably, the thermoplastic adhesive base material is made into a porous windproof framework, the color-developing fluorescent silica gel is uniformly coated on the thermoplastic adhesive, and the pore diameter can increase the adhesion area of the color-developing silica gel and the adhesive material, so that the bonding property between the color-developing silica gel and the adhesive material is increased, and the color-developing agent is ensured not to fall off under the high-speed flight condition.

The invention protects the application of the kit in oil leakage detection, including aviation aircraft oil leakage detection, petrochemical pipeline leakage detection and the like, and the kit provided by the invention can be used for detecting organic components containing aromatic hydrocarbon, olefin and hydroxyl besides aviation fuel (3 # jet fuel, JetA/A1, aviation gasoline and the like) detection objects, and the application of the kit is within the protection scope of the invention.

The invention also protects the application of the chromogenic fluorescent silica gel in oil leakage detection, including aviation aircraft oil leakage detection, petrochemical pipeline leakage detection and the like, and the chromogenic fluorescent silica gel provided by the invention can be used for detecting organic components containing aromatic hydrocarbon, olefin and hydroxyl besides aviation fuel (No. 3 jet fuel, JetA/A1, aviation gasoline and the like) detection objects, and the chromogenic fluorescent silica gel is within the protection scope of the invention.

When the color developing fluorescent silica gel is applied to oil leakage detection, the color developing fluorescent silica gel is directly or indirectly coated and/or attached to a region to be detected, then a 365nm ultraviolet lamp is adopted to irradiate the region to be detected, and if the region to be detected shows blue fluorescence, the oil leakage of the region to be detected is indicated.

The invention also specifically provides different detection methods of the chromogenic fluorescent silica gel in oil leakage detection, and the protection scope of the invention includes, but is not limited to, the detection method set forth below.

The first detection method is to mix the adhesive and the color-developing fluorescent silica gel and then coat the mixture on the area to be detected, then use 365nm ultraviolet lamp to irradiate the area to be detected, if the area to be detected shows blue, it indicates that the oil material leaks in the area to be detected.

Specifically, the detection method comprises the following steps: mixing the adhesive and the solvent, heating to boil and continuously stirring until the solution becomes transparent to obtain an adhesive solution; uniformly mixing the color developing fluorescent silica gel and the adhesive solution to obtain a color developing agent; smearing a color developing agent to a region to be tested of the aviation aircraft, and airing; and irradiating the area to be detected of the aviation aircraft coated with the color developing agent by using a 365nm ultraviolet lamp, and if the area to be detected shows blue, indicating that oil leaks in the area to be detected.

Preferably, the binder is selected from nitrocellulose and/or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; the solvent is selected from one or more of water, methanol, ethanol and butanone; the mass ratio of the color developing fluorescent silica gel to the adhesive solution is (0.5-1) to (1-20); the coating thickness of the color developing agent is 0.8-1.2 mm, and the coating area is 0.5-1.2 m²The area to be measured is the peripheral surface of the air-breather bail; the airing time is 2-5 h; after being dried, the aviation aircraft can fly, and after the flight is finished, the 365nm ultraviolet lamp is adopted for irradiation.

Preferably, after the detection is finished, the method further comprises the step of cleaning the smearing area by using a removing agent, wherein the removing agent is one or more selected from water, ethyl acetate and butanone.

The second detection method is that the color-developing fluorescent silica gel is mixed in the adhesive to form an adhesive layer containing the color-developing fluorescent silica gel, and then a pressure-sensitive adhesive water layer is prepared on the surface; and pasting the pressure-sensitive adhesive water layer on the area to be detected, then irradiating the area to be detected by using a 365nm ultraviolet lamp, and if the area to be detected shows blue fluorescence, indicating that oil leaks from the area to be detected.

Specifically, the detection method comprises the following steps: mixing the color-developing fluorescent silica gel in a thermoplastic adhesive to form a thermoplastic adhesive layer containing the color-developing fluorescent silica gel; preparing a pressure-sensitive adhesive water layer on the surface of the thermoplastic adhesive layer containing the color-developing fluorescent silica gel; and attaching the pressure-sensitive adhesive water layer to the region to be detected of the aviation aircraft, then irradiating the region to be detected of the aviation aircraft by using a 365nm ultraviolet lamp, and if the region to be detected shows blue fluorescence, indicating that oil leaks in the region to be detected.

Preferably, the thermoplastic adhesive is selected from one or more of polyvinyl acetate, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate resin; the mass ratio of the color developing fluorescent silica gel to the thermoplastic adhesive is (0.5-1) to (1-20); the attached area is 0.5-1.2 m²The area to be measured is the peripheral surface of the air-breather bail; after the attachment, the aviation aircraft can fly, and after the flight is finished, the 365nm ultraviolet lamp is adopted for irradiation.

Preferably, after the detection is finished, the method further comprises the step of cleaning the attaching area by using a remover, wherein the remover is selected from one or more of ethanol, No. 100 solvent oil and butanone; further preferably, before the removing agent is used for cleaning the attaching area, the method further comprises the step of scraping the pressure-sensitive adhesive from the surface of the aircraft by using a rubber and/or plastic scraper.

The third detection method is that the color-developing fluorescent silica gel and the adhesive are mixed and then are smeared on the area to be detected, and the adhesive with holes is attached to the surface after drying; and then irradiating the area to be detected by using a 365nm ultraviolet lamp, and if the area to be detected shows blue fluorescence, indicating that oil leaks in the area to be detected.

Preferably, the binder is an oleophilic hydrophobic binder; the mass ratio of the color developing fluorescent silica gel to the adhesive is (0.5-1) to (1-20); the coating thickness of the color developing agent obtained by mixing the color developing fluorescent silica gel and the adhesive is 0.8-1.2 mm, and the coating area is 0.5-1.2 m²The area to be measured is the peripheral surface of the aerocraft aeration scoop; the drying time is 2-5 h; the aperture of the viscose glue with holes is 0.8-1.5 mm, and the hole interval of the viscose glue with holes is 1.5-2.5 mm; after the adhesive with the holes is attached, the aviation aircraft can fly, and after the flight is finished, the 365nm ultraviolet lamp is adopted for irradiation.

The fourth detection method is that the color-developing fluorescent silica gel is uniformly coated on one surface of the thermoplastic adhesive material, the other surface of the thermoplastic adhesive material is attached to the area to be detected, then a 365nm ultraviolet lamp is used for irradiating the area to be detected, and if the area to be detected shows blue fluorescence, the oil leakage in the area to be detected is shown.

Preferably, the thermoplastic adhesive material comprises an adhesive and a substrate, wherein the two sides of the substrate are coated with the adhesive, one side of the substrate is adhered to release paper (the release paper can be removed to be adhered to the area to be detected), and the other side of the substrate is used for coating color-developing fluorescent silica gel; the adhesive is a thermoplastic adhesive, and the thermoplastic adhesive is selected from one or more of polyvinyl acetate, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate resin; the base material is selected from one or more of 3M textured tape, PET base material, high-flexibility acrylic foam, VHB acrylic foam and PU acrylic foam; the coating thickness of the color-developing fluorescent silica gel is 0.1-0.5 mm; the area to be measured is the peripheral surface of the aerocraft aeration scoop; the attached area is 0.5-1.2 m²(ii) a After being attachedThe aircraft can fly, and after the flight is finished, the 365nm ultraviolet lamp is adopted for irradiation.

Preferably, after the detection is finished, the method further comprises the step of cleaning the attaching area by using a remover, wherein the remover is one or more selected from water, ethanol, No. 100 solvent oil and butanone; further preferably, the method further comprises the step of scraping the thermoplastic adhesive material off the surface of the aircraft with a rubber and/or plastic scraper before cleaning the attachment area with the remover.

The technical scheme provided by the invention solves the problem that the fuel oil overflowing from the ventilation scoop of the fuel tank of the airplane can be effectively detected under the conditions of high humidity, high and low temperature, high airspeed and the like in the flying process of the airplane, ensures that the test task can be reasonably and flexibly arranged in the flying test of the airplane, improves the requirement on the flying test efficiency, and fills the domestic blank.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the color-developing fluorescent silica gel provided by the invention has a good color-developing effect on aviation fuel under the condition of a 365nm conventional ultraviolet lamp;

the chromogenic fluorescent silica gel provided by the invention has strong discrimination on water phase and oil phase, the water phase has no chromogenic reaction, and the oil phase has an obvious fluorescent effect;

the color-developing fluorescent silica gel provided by the invention has a special pore channel structure, can efficiently and rapidly adsorb and retain aviation kerosene, can rapidly adsorb overflowed fuel oil droplets under the conditions of high humidity and high water vapor (completely infiltrated by water), and retains fuel oil traces on the surface of a fuel oil color-developing agent;

the color-developing fluorescent silica gel provided by the invention has the advantages that the fluorescence generated under the excitation of an ultraviolet lamp does not generate a 'light spot quenching' phenomenon, and the fluorescence effect can be preserved for a long time (at least 60 days);

the color-developing fluorescent silica gel provided by the invention is effectively used in the temperature range from high ground temperature (40 ℃) to low air temperature (60 ℃ below zero), and the problems of dissolution, denaturation, color-developing failure and the like can not occur under the environment condition of temperature change;

the chromogenic fluorescent silica gel provided by the invention does not generate phenomena of glutinous generation, falling off and the like under high-humidity, large-airspeed and high-altitude flight conditions;

the color-developing fluorescent silica gel provided by the invention has no corrosivity on aircraft skin and surface paint, does not generate chemical reaction with the paint, and does not damage the skin and surface paint structures.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the location of a breather tank on a typical commercial aircraft as part of the background of the invention;

figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a typical commercial aircraft air scoop of the background of the invention;

figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of action of a typical commercial aircraft air scoop of the background of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the fluorescence effect detection of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a graph of laser-induced fluorescence spectra for different aromatic ring numbers according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the kit provided by the present invention in use;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the selection of the chromogenic fluorescent silica gel, binder, and stripping agent used in the present invention to meet the corresponding specifications and performance specifications;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural composition diagram of a fourth embodiment of the present invention, after a color developing agent is applied on the surface of an area to be measured; 1-the surface of a region to be measured; 2-color-developing agent;

FIG. 9 is a comparison graph of a developing material before and after developing with a conventional 365nm ultraviolet lamp in a developing effect determination test according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a graph showing the effect of high humidity and high water vapor on the fluorescence effect in the fourth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a graph showing the results of high-medium-low-temperature color development stability in the fourth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a structure in which a color material is attached to a region to be measured in accordance with a fifth embodiment of the present invention; 3-the surface of the area to be detected, 4-an adhesive layer containing color development fluorescent silica gel, 5-a pressure-sensitive adhesive water layer, and 6-release paper and/or release paper (film) layer;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural view illustrating a color material and a porous adhesive attached to a region to be measured according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention; 7-the surface of the area to be detected, 8-a color developing agent and 9-a porous viscose glue;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a structural configuration in which a thermoplastic adhesive material and a color-developing fluorescent silica gel are attached to a region to be measured according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention; 10-the surface of an area to be detected, 11-a thermoplastic adhesive material and 12-color developing fluorescent silica gel;

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a high-speed and high-altitude simulation test apparatus according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the effect of a 365nm conventional ultraviolet lamp on a chromogenic material in the chromogenic effect measurement in example seven of the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for detecting fuel leakage of an aircraft by using the chromogenic fluorescent silica gel according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a schematic flow chart of a method for detecting fuel leakage of an aircraft by using the chromogenic fluorescent silica gel according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 19 is a flowchart illustrating a method for detecting an aircraft oil leakage by using the color-developing fluorescent silica gel according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby. The experimental procedures in the following examples are conventional unless otherwise specified. The test materials used in the following examples were purchased from a conventional store unless otherwise specified. In the quantitative tests in the following examples, three replicates were set, and the data are the mean or the mean ± standard deviation of the three replicates.

The invention provides a color-developing fluorescent silica gel, which comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 0.8-1.2 parts of fluorescent color developing agent and 9-21 parts of silica gel; wherein the fluorescent color developing agent is selected from one or more of Sudan red III, oil red O, coumarin, 1, 8-naphthalimide, recrystallized oil red AB4, fluoroboric fluorescent, benzoxadiazole, diphenyloxazole, fluorescein, cyanine and olefin and arene dye purification parts obtained by chromatographic adsorption; the silica gel is colorless silica gel; the silica gel is preferably activated prior to use; the color developing fluorescent silica gel is preferably used in combination with a 365nm ultraviolet lamp.

The preparation method of the color-developing fluorescent silica gel comprises the following steps: mixing the fluorescent color developing agent and the silica gel, stirring in a dry and light-proof environment, stopping stirring when the silica gel is uniformly reddish brown, and then depositing to obtain the color developing fluorescent silica gel; preferably, the color-developing fluorescent silica gel is stored in a dark place or in a dark atmosphere of nitrogen gas at normal pressure for later use.

It should be noted that when some substances are irradiated with light, they emit light longer than the specific wavelength of the light absorbed, which is called photoluminescence, and the most common photoluminescence is fluorescence. The fluorescence phenomenon was first recorded in 1575 by a hispanic botomist and physician n. monardes who mentioned that an aqueous solution of wood slices called "LignumNephriticum" would appear sky blue. This phenomenon was then recorded by more scientists such as Boyle. But this phenomenon is not scientifically explained. When fluorescence of quinoline and chlorophyll was studied by Stokes in the middle of the 19 th century using a spectrophotometer, it was judged that the fluorescence was observed to have a longer wavelength than the incident light, and that this phenomenon was caused by the fact that these substances re-emitted light of a different wavelength after absorbing light energy, rather than by diffuse reflection of light. Thereby introducing the concept of fluorescence emission. The term "fluorescence" is also derived from "fluorite" which emits light for incineration. Two conditions should be met for a compound to fluoresce: (1) absorption in the ultraviolet-visible region; (2) has certain quantum yield. In general, fluorescent molecules have large long conjugated structures, and molecules with rigid planar structures have higher fluorescence intensity. The aviation fuel oil is composed of different hydrocarbons, wherein most of the hydrocarbons are composed of alkane, aromatic hydrocarbon and other components, and in the case of aviation kerosene, the aromatic hydrocarbon content is below 20% (the bicyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content is not more than 3%), and the olefin content is below 2% -3%. In addition, various additives are added into the aviation fuel oil to improve certain service performance of the fuel oil. The invention adopts the fluorescence excitation principle to detect the aromatic hydrocarbon component in the oil product, and is used for monitoring the aviation kerosene leaked from an oil drain port in the test flight process of an airplane. Since the aromatic hydrocarbon compound is a compound having conjugated double bonds, under the irradiation of an ultraviolet lamp, pi-pi electrons in the conjugated double bonds can absorb the energy of the ultraviolet lamp, and an electron transition occurs. When the electrons return from the excited state to the ground state, energy is emitted in the form of fluorescence, thereby displaying color, as shown in fig. 4. With the increase of the number of the aromatic hydrocarbon rings, the fluorescence spectrum is red-shifted from an ultraviolet band to a visible light band, and the fluorescence spectrum range is widened, wherein the preferable fluorescence spectrum distinguishing ranges of the aromatic hydrocarbon from one ring to four rings are 275-320 nm, 320-375 nm, 375-425 nm and 425-556 nm respectively, as shown in fig. 5.

The invention also provides a kit for oil leakage detection, in particular for aviation aircraft oil leakage detection, comprising: color developing fluorescent silica gel, adhesive and remover. A schematic representation of which in use may be as shown in figure 6.

The kit further comprises a solvent; the solvent is selected from one or more of water, methanol, ethanol and butanone; the adhesive is selected from nitrocotton and/or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; the remover is selected from one or more of water, ethyl acetate and butanone;

alternatively, the kit further comprises a pressure sensitive glue, preferably further comprises a release paper; the adhesive layer containing the color-developing fluorescent silica gel is formed by mixing the color-developing fluorescent silica gel and an adhesive, and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is attached to the surface of the adhesive layer containing the color-developing fluorescent silica gel; preferably, the surface of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is also adhered with release paper; wherein the adhesive is a thermoplastic adhesive, and the thermoplastic adhesive is selected from one or more of polyvinyl acetate, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate resin; the remover is selected from one or more of ethanol, No. 100 solvent oil and butanone;

or the kit also comprises adhesive with holes, the aperture of the adhesive with holes is 0.8-1.5 mm, and the hole interval of the adhesive with holes is 1.5-2.5 mm; the adhesive is an oleophilic hydrophobic adhesive;

or the kit also comprises a base material, wherein the adhesive is a thermoplastic adhesive, and the thermoplastic adhesive is selected from one or more of polyvinyl acetate, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate resin; the base material is selected from one or more of 3M textured tape, PET base material, high-flexibility acrylic foam, VHB acrylic foam and PU acrylic foam; the remover is one or more selected from water, ethanol, No. 100 solvent oil and butanone.

The invention also provides a detection method of the chromogenic fluorescent silica gel in detecting fuel leakage of the aviation aircraft, which specifically comprises the following steps:

mixing an adhesive and a solvent, heating by adopting an oil bath at 300-400 ℃, magnetically stirring at 30 revolutions per second, boiling for 3-5 min, preserving in an air-isolated manner by using a sealing film after the solution becomes transparent, standing for 2-5 h, and removing bubbles in the liquid to obtain an adhesive solution; wherein the adhesive is selected from nitrocotton and/or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; the solvent is selected from one or more of water, methanol, ethanol and butanone;

uniformly mixing the color developing fluorescent silica gel and the adhesive solution according to the mass ratio of (0.5-1) to (1-20) to obtain a color developing agent;

uniformly coating the color developing agent to a region to be measured (the peripheral surface of the air scoop) of the aviation aircraft by adopting a coater (d is 0.5mm), wherein the coating thickness is 0.8-1.2 mm, and the coating area is 0.5-1.2 m²Then airing for 2-5 h;

and (3) flying the aviation aircraft, irradiating the area to be detected of the aviation aircraft coated with the color developing agent by using a 365nm ultraviolet lamp after the flight is finished, and if the area to be detected shows blue bright spots, indicating that oil leakage exists in the area to be detected.

Preferably, after the test is finished, the wiping cloth is dipped in a remover to clean the smearing area, wherein the remover is one or more selected from water, ethyl acetate and butanone.

The invention also provides another detection method of the chromogenic fluorescent silica gel in detecting the fuel leakage of the aviation aircraft, which specifically comprises the following steps:

mixing the color-developing fluorescent silica gel in a thermoplastic adhesive to form a thermoplastic adhesive layer containing the color-developing fluorescent silica gel; wherein the thermoplastic adhesive is selected from one or more of polyvinyl acetate, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate resin; the mass ratio of the color developing fluorescent silica gel to the thermoplastic adhesive is (0.5-1) to (1-20);

preparing a pressure-sensitive adhesive water layer on the surface of the thermoplastic adhesive layer containing the color-developing fluorescent silica gel;

attaching a pressure-sensitive adhesive water layer to a region (the peripheral surface of the air scoop) to be tested of the aircraft, wherein the attached area is 0.5-1.2 m²；

And (3) flying the aviation aircraft, irradiating the area to be detected of the aviation aircraft by using a 365nm ultraviolet lamp after the flight is finished, and if the area to be detected shows blue fluorescence, indicating that oil leaks in the area to be detected.

Preferably, after the detection is finished, the pressure-sensitive adhesive is scraped from the surface of the aviation aircraft by using a rubber and/or plastic scraper, and then a wiping cloth is used for dipping a remover to clean the coating area, wherein the remover is selected from one or more of ethanol, 100 # solvent oil and butanone.

mixing the color-developing fluorescent silica gel and the adhesive, and coating the mixture on an area to be detected (the peripheral surface of the air-breathing ladle of the aircraft), wherein the coating thickness is 0.8-1.2 mm, and the coating area is 0.5-1.2 m²Drying for 2-5 h; wherein the adhesive is an oleophilic hydrophobic adhesive; the mass ratio of the color developing fluorescent silica gel to the adhesive is (0.5-1) to (1-20);

sticking adhesive with holes on the surface of the smearing area, wherein the aperture of the adhesive with holes is 0.8-1.5 mm, and the hole interval of the adhesive with holes is 1.5-2.5 mm;

and (3) flying the aviation aircraft, irradiating the area to be detected with a 365nm ultraviolet lamp after the flight is finished, and if the area to be detected shows blue bright spots, indicating that oil leaks in the area to be detected.

uniformly coating the color-developing fluorescent silica gel on one side of the thermoplastic bonding material (windproof framework); wherein the thermoplastic adhesive material comprises a thermoplastic adhesive and a base material, and the thermoplastic adhesive is selected from one or more of polyvinyl acetate, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate resin; the base material is selected from one or more of 3M textured tape, PET base material, high-flexibility acrylic foam, VHB acrylic foam and PU acrylic foam; the coating thickness is 0.1-0.5 mm;

attaching the other side of the thermoplastic adhesive material to a region to be tested (the peripheral surface of the aerocraft air scoop), wherein the attached area is 0.5-1.2 m²；

Preferably, after the detection is finished, the thermoplastic adhesive material is scraped off the surface of the aircraft by using a rubber and/or plastic scraper, and then the wiping cloth is used for dipping a remover to clean the coating area, wherein the remover is one or more selected from water, ethanol, 100 # solvent oil and butanone.

The technical solution provided by the present invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples.

Example one

The embodiment provides a color developing fluorescent silica gel, which comprises the following raw material components: 1 part of fluorescent developer (e.g., oil red AB4) and 10 parts of activated colorless silica gel.

The selection of the colourless silica gel should meet the specification requirements indicated in table 1 below, in which the method of determination of the pH value: the pH meter was calibrated with standard buffers of

pH

4 and 7, respectively, 5g of silica gel was placed in a 250mL beaker, 100mL of water was added to the beaker with a stir bar, the beaker was placed on a magnetic force and stirred for 20min, and then the pH was measured with the calibrated pH meter.

The silica gel should be activated before use, placed in a shallow container, dried at 175 ℃ for 3h, and filled into a sealed container while hot to protect it from moisture.

TABLE 1 silica gel Property Table

Example two

The embodiment provides a preparation method of the chromogenic fluorescent silica gel, which comprises the following steps:

mixing 1 part of fluorescent color developing agent (such as oil red AB4) and 10 parts of activated colorless silica gel, stirring for 0.5h in a dry dark environment until the silica gel is uniformly reddish brown, and then depositing for 5-15 days under the conditions of dry dark normal pressure and nitrogen to obtain the color developing fluorescent silica gel. The color-developing fluorescent silica gel is stored in nitrogen at normal pressure in dark for later use.

EXAMPLE III

The embodiment provides a kit for detecting oil leakage, which comprises the chromogenic fluorescent silica gel, a bonding agent and a remover.

The selection of the color-developing fluorescent silica gel, the adhesive and the remover adopted by the invention needs to meet the corresponding technical indexes and performance specifications, which are specifically as follows (as shown in figure 7).

1. The color development performance of the color development fluorescent silica gel (color development agent) comprises ① high and low temperatures of-60 ℃ (0.5h), 40 ℃ (5h), ② high humidity of 0-5 ℃, 100% Rh (3h), ③ high space velocity of 0.85Ma, (2) color development aging, light spot survival verification test, (3) toxicity and protection, and toxicity report.

2. The adhesive (adhesive) has the adhesive performance (1) which comprises ① high and low temperatures of-60 (0.5h) and 40(5h), ② high humidity of 0-5 ℃, 100% Rh (3h), ③ high space velocity of 0.85Ma, (2) aircraft skin influence, and comprises ① paint surface adhesive force, scratch test, ② paint surface hardness and pencil hardness.

3. Removing agent: and (6) reporting toxicity.

Example four

The embodiment provides a kit for oil leak detection, includes: example one provides a chromogenic fluorescent silica gel, nitrocellulose (binder), and methanol (solvent).

The invention provides a kit containing chromogenic fluorescent silica gel, and a using method comprises the following steps: mixing 1 part of nitrocotton (adhesive) and 5 parts of methanol (solvent), heating by adopting an oil bath at 350 ℃, magnetically stirring at 30 revolutions/second, boiling for 4min, keeping the solution transparent by using a sealing film under the condition of isolating air, standing for 4h, and removing bubbles in the solution to obtain an adhesive solution; uniformly mixing the color developing fluorescent silica gel and the adhesive solution according to the mass ratio of 1:10 to obtain a color developing agent; the developer is uniformly coated on the area to be measured by a coater (d is 0.5mm), the coating thickness is about 1mm, and then the area is dried for 4 h. The schematic structural composition diagram is shown in fig. 8; wherein 1 denotes the surface of the area to be measured (e.g., the surface of an airplane), and 2 denotes the applied developer (a mixture of a color developing fluorescent silica gel and a binder solution).

In order to verify the effect of the kit provided by the embodiment on detecting oil leakage, the color development performance is detected.

1. Color development effect

The test method comprises the following steps: the color developing agent is prepared according to the method, then the color developing agent is uniformly coated on the surface of an aircraft paint plate (ALEXIT-H/S-Clearcoat 411-14/ALEXIT-H/S-Basecoat 411-22) by using a coater (d is 0.5mm), the coating thickness is about 1mm, and then the color developing material to be tested is obtained after drying for 4 hours.

The color developing materials to be tested are divided into 4 groups, jet fuel No. 3 is dripped on the color developing materials of the first group (No. ①) and the second group (No. ②), water is dripped on the color developing materials of the third group (No. ③), ethanol (No. ① is colorless silica gel (no fluorescent developer silica gel), No. ②③④ is fluorescent developer silica gel) is dripped on the color developing materials of the fourth group (No. ④), and the schematic diagram after dripping is shown as (a) in FIG. 9.

The results of the 4 groups of color development materials are shown in (b) in fig. 9 after being irradiated by a 365nm conventional ultraviolet lamp (an ultraviolet lamp of a portable currency detector), and as can be seen from the figure, the color development material has a color development effect on No. 3 aviation kerosene under the 365nm conventional ultraviolet lamp in the second group (No. ②), and the color development material has strong discrimination on water and oil phases, no color development reaction exists in a water phase, and an oil phase fluorescence effect is obvious in the second group (No. ②) and the third group (No. ③).

The traditional scheme adopts a 254nm specific short-wavelength ultraviolet lamp for a laboratory, and the short-wavelength ultraviolet lamp is high in price, short in service life and greatly harmful to a human body. Compared with a short-wavelength ultraviolet lamp, the 365nm conventional ultraviolet lamp is wider in application and lower in energy, and can effectively prevent ignition risk in the oil product detection process. The No. 3 jet fuel has good color development effect under the condition of a 365nm conventional ultraviolet lamp (a portable currency detector ultraviolet lamp can be adopted).

2. High humidity, high vapor impact on color rendering (laboratory simulation high humidity conditions)

The test method comprises the following steps: mixing 1 part of nitrocotton (adhesive) and 5 parts of methanol (solvent), heating by adopting an oil bath at 350 ℃, magnetically stirring at 30 revolutions/second, boiling for 4min, keeping the solution transparent by using a sealing film under the condition of isolating air, standing for 4h, and removing bubbles in the solution to obtain an adhesive solution;

uniformly mixing the color developing fluorescent silica gel and the adhesive solution according to the mass ratio of 1:10 to obtain a color developing agent;

uniformly coating the color developing agent on the surface of an aircraft paint plate (paint surface model: ALEXIT-H/S-Clearcoat 411-14/ALEXIT-H/S-Basecoat 411-22) by using a coater (d is 0.5mm), wherein the coating thickness is about 1mm, and then airing for 4 hours to obtain the color developing material to be detected.

The color developing materials to be tested are divided into 4 groups, the color developing materials of the first group (No. ①) and the second group (No. ②) are soaked by water, oil is added to the color developing materials of the second group (No. ②) in a dripping mode immediately, then drying is carried out, oil is added to the color developing materials of the third group (No. ③) and the fourth group (No. ④) in a dripping mode, and then water is added to the color developing materials of the fourth group (No. ④) in a dripping mode after the color developing materials of the fourth group (No. ④) are dried.

The above 4 groups of color materials were irradiated with 365nm conventional ultraviolet lamps (portable currency detector ultraviolet lamps), and the obtained results are shown in fig. 10. As can be seen from the figure, the method can effectively detect the existence of the aviation fuel under the conditions of high humidity and high water vapor (completely infiltrated by water). The invention adopts the color developing material with special fluorescent effect, and the special pore structure can efficiently and rapidly adsorb and retain the aviation fuel oil, so that the existence of the aviation fuel oil can be effectively detected under the conditions of high humidity and high water vapor (completely infiltrated by water).

3. Long color development aging property

The color development material prepared by the color development fluorescent silica gel provided by the invention can not generate 'spot quenching' phenomenon in fluorescence generated under the excitation of an ultraviolet lamp. The applicant proves that the fluorescence effect of the invention on the detection of the aviation kerosene can be preserved for a long time through tracking detection and experiments, which is beneficial to monitoring and rechecking the test flight of the airplane.

4. Stable high and low temperature color rendering property

The method comprises the steps of dividing color materials to be detected into 4 groups, dripping jet fuel No. 3 on the color materials of a first group (No. ①) and a second group (No. ②), and irradiating by using a 365nm conventional ultraviolet lamp (a portable currency detector ultraviolet lamp) to obtain results shown in (a) in fig. 11, then respectively placing the color materials in a constant temperature box at the temperature of minus 60 ℃ and the temperature of 110 ℃ for 2 hours, wherein the results show that the fluorescence effect does not disappear, and the results are shown in (b) in fig. 11.

The color developing material prepared by the color developing fluorescent silica gel provided by the invention adopts a special adsorption material, can ensure that the fuel oil color developing agent can be effectively used in a temperature range from high temperature on the ground (40 ℃) to low temperature in the air (60 ℃) and can not be dissolved, denatured, ineffective in color developing of the color developing agent and the like under the environment condition of temperature change.

5. Other properties

The kit containing the chromogenic fluorescent silica gel provided by the embodiment can quickly adsorb overflowed fuel oil droplets under a high-speed condition, and fuel oil traces are reserved on the surface of a chromogenic material.

In order to effectively remove the influence on the aircraft skin after the color developing agent is coated, the kit also comprises a remover, wherein the remover comprises one or more of water, ethyl acetate and butanone. In actual use, the wipe is dipped into one or more of the release agents to clean the application area. Tests show that the adhesion test structure is equivalent before and after the color developing material is removed, the fuel color developing material has no corrosivity to the aircraft skin and the surface paint, and does not generate chemical reaction with the paint, and the skin and the surface paint structure is not damaged.

EXAMPLE five

The embodiment provides a kit for oil leak detection, includes: example one provides a chromogenic fluorescent silicone, polyvinyl acetate (thermoplastic adhesive), and pressure sensitive glue, further comprising a release paper.

In order to facilitate use, a finished product of the color developing material can also be directly provided, the color developing material comprises an adhesive layer containing color developing fluorescent silica gel (the mass ratio of the color developing fluorescent silica gel to the thermoplastic adhesive is 1:10) and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, and in order to keep viscosity, release paper can be attached to the surface of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer. When the color developing adhesive is used, the anti-sticking paper layer is removed, and then the color developing material is attached to the area to be measured through the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer. The schematic structural composition diagram is shown in fig. 12. Wherein 3 represents the surface of the area to be measured (such as the surface of an airplane), 4 represents an adhesive layer containing color-developing fluorescent silica gel, 5 represents a pressure-sensitive adhesive water layer, and 6 represents a release paper layer.

The kit containing the color-developing fluorescent silica gel provided by the embodiment has the advantages of excellent color development performance, small influence of high humidity and high water vapor on the color development performance, long color development timeliness, stable high and low temperature color development performance, capability of quickly adsorbing overflowed fuel oil drops under a high-speed condition, and retention of fuel oil traces on the surface of a color development material.

In order to effectively remove the influence on the aircraft skin after the color developing material is attached, the kit also comprises a remover, wherein the remover comprises one or more of ethanol, No. 100 solvent oil and butanone. In actual use, the pressure-sensitive adhesive is scraped from the surface of the aircraft by a rubber or plastic scraper, and then the wiping cloth is dipped in one or more of the removing agents to clean the application area. Tests show that the adhesion test structure is equivalent before and after the color developing material is removed, the fuel color developing material has no corrosivity to the aircraft skin and the surface paint, and does not generate chemical reaction with the paint, and the skin and the surface paint structure is not damaged.

EXAMPLE six

The embodiment provides a kit for oil leak detection, includes: example one provides a chromogenic fluorescent silica gel, an oleophilic hydrophobic adhesive, and a perforated adhesive (pore size about 1mm, pore spacing about 2 mm). According to the size of the oil discharge port of the airplane, the glue paste with the same size and small aperture can be adjusted.

The kit containing the chromogenic fluorescent silica gel provided by the embodiment comprises the following use methods: the color developing agent (containing fluorescent developing silica gel and lipophilic hydrophobic adhesive in a mass ratio of 1:10) prepared by the invention is uniformly coated on an area to be measured by adopting a coater (d is 0.5mm), and the area of the area is about 1m²And the thickness is about 1 mm. After the product is dried (about 4 hours), the product is attached to the surface of the color developing agent by using viscose with holes. The schematic structural composition diagram is shown in fig. 13. Wherein, 7 represents the surface of the area to be measured (such as the surface of an airplane), 8 represents a color developing agent (containing fluorescent color developing silica gel and oleophylic hydrophobic adhesive), and 9 represents adhesive with holes.

EXAMPLE seven

The embodiment provides a kit for oil leak detection, includes: example one provides a chromogenic fluorescent silica gel, a polyvinyl acetate gel (thermoplastic adhesive), and a PET substrate.

The PET base material provided by the embodiment can be prepared into a belt hole shape to form a windproof framework; the double-sided PET substrate is coated with polyvinyl acetate glue (thermoplastic adhesive), one side of the PET substrate is adhered to release paper (the release paper is removed and can be adhered to an area to be detected), and the other side of the PET substrate is used for coating color-developing fluorescent silica gel. When the color-developing fluorescent silica gel is coated on the thermoplastic adhesive material with the holes to form the windproof framework, the hole diameter can increase the adhesion area of the color-developing silica gel and the adhesive material, so that the bonding property between the color-developing silica gel and the adhesive material is increased, and the color-developing fluorescent silica gel is prevented from falling off under the high-speed flight condition.

The kit containing the chromogenic fluorescent silica gel provided by the embodiment comprises the following use methods: uniformly coating the color-developing fluorescent silica gel on one surface of the thermoplastic adhesive material, and then attaching the other surface of the thermoplastic adhesive material to the area to be tested, wherein the coating thickness is about 1 mm; the area of the attachment is about 1m². The schematic structural composition diagram is shown in fig. 14. Wherein 10 denotes the surface of the area to be measured (e.g. the surface of an airplane), 11 denotes the thermoplastic adhesive material (windproof framework), and 12 denotes the color-developing fluorescent silica gel.

In order to verify the detection effect of the kit provided in this example, a simulation test was performed, as follows.

1. Influence of high space velocity (0.85Ma)

The traditional color developing agent adopts a binder CMC (sodium carboxymethyl cellulose), can generate the phenomena of 'glutinous' and falling off under the conditions of high humidity, large airspeed and high altitude flight, and can not ensure the monitoring requirement of airplane test flight. The invention can effectively solve the problem that the fuel oil color developing agent falls off when used in air at high speed (0.85Ma) by selecting a proper adhesive.

As shown in FIG. 15, the present invention intends to provide a high airspeed test model, which uses related instruments to measure the wind speed and can calculate the speed of the airflow according to Bernoulli's theorem. The formula for determining flow rate by bernoulli's theorem is:

the following relationship holds for subsonic (0.3-0.8Ma) flows:

in the formula, Ma_∞，c_∞，T_∞Respectively Mach number, sound velocity and temperature of incoming flow, and gamma is specific heat ratio; r is a gas constant. Measuring total pressure and static pressure by a manometer, measuring the temperature of incoming flow by a temperature measuring instrument, and measuring the flow velocity V_∞That is, it can be obtained from the equations (1) and (2).

The test method comprises the following steps: uniformly coating the color-developing fluorescent silica gel on one surface of the windproof framework made of the thermoplastic adhesive material; the thickness of the paint is about 0.3mm, and the color developing material is obtained. Attaching the other side of the thermoplastic adhesive material in the color developing material to the surface of the aircraft paint plate, wherein the attached area is about 1m²。

And (3) verifying the adsorption effect of the color developing material on different spilled fuel oil amounts by simulating high-speed airflow conditions, and determining the specific fuel oil spilled amount. The result of an initial test shows that the color developing material can quickly adsorb overflowed fuel oil drops under a high-speed condition and retain fuel oil traces on the surface of the fuel oil color developing agent.

2. Effects on aircraft skin

The invention adopts an aircraft paint plate (the paint surface model is ALEXIT-H/S-Clearcoat 411-14/ALEXIT-H/S-Basecoat 411-22), and is used for representing the compatibility of the color developing agent and the aircraft paint surface by comparing the influence of the adhesive force of the paint surface before and after the color developing material is removed. The adhesion test structure is equivalent before and after the color developing agent is removed, and the initial test of the test result shows that the fuel color developing agent has no corrosivity to the skin and the surface paint of the airplane, can not generate chemical reaction with the paint, and can not damage the skin and the surface paint structure.

3. Color development effect

The test method comprises the following steps: uniformly coating the color-developing fluorescent silica gel on one side of the windproof framework made of the thermoplastic bonding material; applying a thermoplastic adhesive material to a thickness of about 0.3mmThe other side of the adhesive is attached to the surface of the aircraft paint plate, and the attached area is about 1m²And obtaining the color developing material to be detected.

The air-jet fuel No. 3 is dripped on the color developing material to be detected, and then the color developing material is irradiated under a 365nm conventional ultraviolet lamp (portable currency detector ultraviolet lamp), and the obtained result is shown in figure 16. As can be seen from the figure, the color developing effect is realized on the No. 3 aviation kerosene under a 365nm conventional ultraviolet lamp.

In addition, the kit containing the color-developing fluorescent silica gel provided by the embodiment has the advantages of excellent color development performance, small influence of high humidity and high water vapor on the color development performance, long color development timeliness and stable high and low temperature color development performance.

Example eight

The embodiment provides a method for detecting fuel leakage of an aircraft by using color-developing fluorescent silica gel, which specifically comprises the following steps (as shown in fig. 17):

mixing nitrocotton (adhesive) and methanol (solvent), heating by adopting an oil bath at 350 ℃, magnetically stirring at 30 r/s, boiling for 4min, keeping the solution transparent, preserving by using a sealing film in an air-isolated manner, standing for 4h, and removing bubbles in the liquid to obtain an adhesive solution;

uniformly mixing the color developing fluorescent silica gel provided in the first embodiment with the adhesive solution according to the mass ratio of 1:10 to obtain a color developing agent;

uniformly coating the color developing agent to a region to be measured (the peripheral surface of the air scoop) of the aviation aircraft by adopting a coater (d is 0.5mm), wherein the coating thickness is about 1mm, and the coating area is about 1m²Then airing for 4 hours;

After the detection is finished, the wiping cloth can be dipped in ethyl acetate (removing agent) to clean the smearing area.

Example nine

The embodiment provides a method for detecting fuel leakage of an aircraft by using color-developing fluorescent silica gel, which specifically comprises the following steps (as shown in fig. 18):

mixing the color-developing fluorescent silica gel provided in the first embodiment with polyvinyl acetate (thermoplastic adhesive), wherein the mass ratio of the color-developing fluorescent silica gel to the thermoplastic adhesive is 1:10, and forming a thermoplastic adhesive layer containing the color-developing fluorescent silica gel;

attaching a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer to a region to be tested (the peripheral surface of the air scoop) of the aircraft, wherein the attached area is about 1m²；

After the detection is finished, the pressure-sensitive adhesive can be scraped from the surface of the aviation aircraft by adopting a rubber scraper, and then the wiping cloth is dipped in ethanol (removing agent) to clean the smearing area.

Example ten

The embodiment provides a method for detecting fuel leakage of an aviation aircraft by adopting chromogenic fluorescent silica gel, which specifically comprises the following steps:

mixing the color-developing fluorescent silica gel and the oleophylic hydrophobic adhesive, wherein the mass ratio of the color-developing fluorescent silica gel to the adhesive is 1: 10; then the paint is coated on an area to be measured (the peripheral surface of the aerocraft air scoop), the coating thickness is about 1mm, and the coating area is about 1m²Drying for 4 h; wherein the adhesive is an oleophilic hydrophobic adhesive;

sticking adhesive with holes on the surface of the smearing area, wherein the aperture of the adhesive with holes is about 1mm, and the hole interval of the adhesive with holes is about 2 mm;

EXAMPLE eleven

The embodiment provides a method for detecting fuel leakage of an aircraft by using color-developing fluorescent silica gel, which specifically comprises the following steps (as shown in fig. 19):

uniformly coating the color-developing fluorescent silica gel on a windproof framework made of a thermoplastic bonding material, wherein the coating thickness is 0.3 mm; wherein the thermoplastic adhesive material comprises polyvinyl acetate glue (thermoplastic adhesive) and a PET substrate (substrate); the double surfaces of the PET substrate are coated with polyvinyl acetate glue (thermoplastic adhesive), and one surface of the PET substrate is used for coating color developing fluorescent silica gel;

the other side of the thermoplastic adhesive material is attached to the area to be measured (the peripheral surface of the aerocraft scoop) with an area of about 1m²；

After the detection is finished, the thermoplastic bonding material can be scraped from the surface of the aircraft by a plastic scraper, and then the wiping cloth is dipped in ethanol (removing agent) to clean the smearing area.

The method for detecting fuel leakage of the aviation aircraft by adopting the chromogenic fluorescent silica gel provided by the eighth embodiment to the eleventh embodiment of the invention can quickly detect overflowed fuel, and has the advantages of simple and convenient chromogenic method, clear and visible chromogenic result and easy recording; the thickness of the coating is less than 2mm during detection, and the coating can be uniformly coated on the lower surface of the wing around the oil tank ventilating scoop and firmly adhered to the surface of an airplane; the material can be used in the temperature range from high ground temperature (40 ℃) to low air temperature (atmospheric temperature-65 ℃), and the problems of dissolution, denaturation and the like can not occur under the environment condition of temperature change; the coating does not fall off when used under the condition of high speed (0.85Ma) in the air; the adhesive can be used in the environment with high humidity (relative humidity is 100 percent), has good adhesion with the outer surface of an airplane, and can not fall off and the like; the paint has no corrosiveness on the skin and the surface paint of the airplane, does not generate chemical reaction with the paint, cannot damage the skin and the surface paint structure, and cannot generate substances harmful to the human body and the airplane; the overflowed fuel oil droplets can be quickly adsorbed under the conditions of high speed, low temperature and water vapor, and fuel oil traces are reserved on the surface of the fuel oil color developing agent until the airplane returns to the ground; the trace left by the steam and the fuel oil liquid drop can be distinguished by using a color development method when the fuel oil steam is not adsorbed or the adsorption capacity is weak; without irrecoverable harmful damage to the aircraft and the operator.

It is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the relative steps, numerical expressions, and values of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. In all examples shown and described herein, unless otherwise specified, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not restrictive, and thus other examples of example embodiments may have different values. In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "first", "second" and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise. Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and all of the technical solutions are covered in the protective scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A color-developing fluorescent silica gel is characterized in that:

the raw material components comprise: fluorescent color developing agent and silica gel;

the mass ratio of the fluorescent color developing agent to the silica gel is (0.8-1.2) to (9-21);

the fluorescent color developing agent is selected from one or more of Sudan red III, oil red O, coumarin, 1, 8-naphthalimide, recrystallized oil red AB4, fluoroboric fluorescent, benzoxadiazole, diphenyloxazole, fluorescein, cyanine and olefin and arene dye purification parts obtained by color layer adsorption;

the silica gel is colorless silica gel; the silica gel is activated before use;

the color-developing fluorescent silica gel is matched with a 365nm ultraviolet lamp for use.

2. The method of preparing a color-developing fluorescent silica gel according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:

mixing the fluorescent color developing agent and the silica gel, stirring in a dry and light-proof environment, stopping stirring when the silica gel is uniformly reddish brown, and then depositing to obtain the color developing fluorescent silica gel;

and the color-developing fluorescent silica gel is placed in a dark place or a dark normal-pressure nitrogen atmosphere for storage and standby.

3. A kit for detecting oil leakage is characterized in that:

the kit comprises the chromogenic fluorescent silica gel according to claim 1, and further comprises a binder and a remover.

4. The kit for oil spill detection as set forth in claim 3, wherein:

or the kit also comprises pressure-sensitive glue and release paper; the adhesive layer containing the color-developing fluorescent silica gel is formed by mixing the color-developing fluorescent silica gel and the adhesive, and a pressure-sensitive adhesive water layer is attached to the surface of the adhesive layer containing the color-developing fluorescent silica gel; an anti-sticking paper layer is adhered to the surface of the pressure-sensitive adhesive water layer; wherein the adhesive is a thermoplastic adhesive, and the thermoplastic adhesive is selected from one or more of polyvinyl acetate, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate resin; the remover is selected from one or more of ethanol, No. 100 solvent oil and butanone;

or the kit also comprises adhesive with holes, the aperture of the adhesive with holes is 0.8-1.2 mm, and the hole interval of the adhesive with holes is 1.5-2.5 mm; the adhesive is an oleophilic hydrophobic adhesive;

alternatively, the kit further comprises a substrate; the adhesive is a thermoplastic adhesive, and the thermoplastic adhesive is selected from one or more of polyvinyl acetate, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate resin; the base material is selected from one or more of 3M textured tape, a PET base material, high-flexibility acrylic foam, VHB acrylic foam and PU acrylic foam; the remover is selected from one or more of water, ethanol, No. 100 solvent oil and butanone.

5. The use of the chromogenic fluorescent silica gel as claimed in claim 1 in oil leak detection;

the detection is that the color-developing fluorescent silica gel is directly or indirectly coated and/or attached to the area to be detected, then a 365nm ultraviolet lamp is adopted to irradiate the area to be detected, and if the area to be detected shows blue fluorescence, the oil leakage in the area to be detected is shown.

6. Use according to claim 5, characterized in that:

the detection is that the adhesive and the color-developing fluorescent silica gel are mixed and then coated on the area to be detected, then 365nm ultraviolet lamp is used for irradiating the area to be detected, if the area to be detected shows blue fluorescence, the oil leakage is shown in the area to be detected;

the detection method specifically comprises the following steps: mixing the adhesive and the solvent, heating to boil and continuously stirring until the solution becomes transparent to obtain an adhesive solution; uniformly mixing the color developing fluorescent silica gel and the adhesive solution to obtain a color developing agent; smearing the color developing agent to an area to be tested of the aviation aircraft, and airing; irradiating the area to be detected of the aviation aircraft coated with the color developing agent by using a 365nm ultraviolet lamp, and if the area to be detected shows blue fluorescence, indicating that oil leaks in the area to be detected;

the adhesive is selected from nitrocotton and/or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose;

the solvent is selected from one or more of water, methanol, ethanol and butanone;

the mass ratio of the color-developing fluorescent silica gel to the adhesive solution is (0.5-1) to (1-20);

the coating thickness of the color developing agent is 0.8-1.2 mm, and the coating area is 0.5-1.2 m²The area to be measured is the peripheral surface of the air-breather bail; the airing time is 2-5 h;

after the air-drying, the aviation aircraft flies, and after the flight is finished, the 365nm ultraviolet lamp is adopted for irradiation;

and after the detection is finished, the method also comprises the step of cleaning the smearing area by using a removing agent, wherein the removing agent is selected from one or more of water, ethyl acetate and butanone.

7. Use according to claim 5, characterized in that:

the detection is that the color-developing fluorescent silica gel is mixed in the adhesive to form an adhesive layer containing the color-developing fluorescent silica gel, and then a pressure-sensitive adhesive water layer is prepared on the surface; pasting a pressure-sensitive adhesive water layer on a region to be detected, then irradiating the region to be detected by using a 365nm ultraviolet lamp, and if the region to be detected shows blue fluorescence, indicating that oil leaks from the region to be detected;

the detection method specifically comprises the following steps: mixing the color-developing fluorescent silica gel in a thermoplastic adhesive to form a thermoplastic adhesive layer containing the color-developing fluorescent silica gel; preparing a pressure-sensitive adhesive water layer on the surface of the thermoplastic adhesive layer containing the color-developing fluorescent silica gel; attaching a pressure-sensitive adhesive water layer to the region to be detected of the aviation aircraft, then irradiating the region to be detected of the aviation aircraft by using a 365nm ultraviolet lamp, and if the region to be detected shows blue fluorescence, indicating that oil leaks in the region to be detected;

the thermoplastic adhesive is selected from one or more of polyvinyl acetate, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate resin;

the mass ratio of the color-developing fluorescent silica gel to the thermoplastic adhesive is (0.5-1) to (1-20);

the attached area is 0.5-1.2 m²What is, what isThe area to be measured is the peripheral surface of the air-breather bail;

after the attachment, the aviation aircraft flies, and after the flight is finished, the 365nm ultraviolet lamp is adopted for irradiation;

after the detection is finished, the method also comprises the step of cleaning the attaching area by using a removing agent, wherein the removing agent is selected from one or more of ethanol, No. 100 solvent oil and butanone; the method also comprises the step of scraping the pressure-sensitive adhesive from the surface of the aircraft by using a rubber and/or plastic scraper before cleaning the attaching area by using the remover.

8. Use according to claim 5, characterized in that:

the detection is that the color-developing fluorescent silica gel and the adhesive are mixed and then are smeared on an area to be detected, and the adhesive with holes is attached on the surface after the color-developing fluorescent silica gel and the adhesive are dried; then irradiating the area to be detected by using a 365nm ultraviolet lamp, and if the area to be detected shows blue fluorescence, indicating that oil leaks in the area to be detected;

the adhesive is an oleophilic hydrophobic adhesive;

the mass ratio of the color-developing fluorescent silica gel to the adhesive is (0.5-1) to (1-20);

the color developing agent obtained by mixing the color developing fluorescent silica gel and the adhesive has a coating thickness of 0.8-1.2 mm and a coating area of 0.5-1.2 m²The area to be measured is the peripheral surface of the aerocraft aeration scoop; the drying time is 3-5 h;

the aperture of the viscose glue with holes is 0.8-1.2 mm, and the hole interval of the viscose glue with holes is 1.5-2.5 mm;

after the adhesive with the holes is attached, the aviation aircraft flies, and after the flight is finished, the 365nm ultraviolet lamp is adopted for irradiation.

9. Use according to claim 5, characterized in that:

the detection is that the chromogenic fluorescent silica gel is uniformly coated on one side of the thermoplastic adhesive material, then the other side of the thermoplastic adhesive material is attached to the area to be detected, then a 365nm ultraviolet lamp is used for irradiating the area to be detected, and if the area to be detected shows blue fluorescence, the oil leakage is shown in the area to be detected;

the thermoplastic adhesive material comprises an adhesive and a substrate, wherein the adhesive is a thermoplastic adhesive, and the thermoplastic adhesive is selected from one or more of polyvinyl acetate, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate resin; the base material is selected from one or more of 3M textured tape, a PET base material, high-flexibility acrylic foam, VHB acrylic foam and PU acrylic foam;

the coating thickness of the color-developing fluorescent silica gel is 0.1-0.5 mm;

the area to be measured is the peripheral surface of the aerocraft aeration scoop; the attached area is 0.5-1.2 m²；

after the detection is finished, the method also comprises the step of cleaning the attaching area by using a removing agent, wherein the removing agent is selected from one or more of water, ethanol, No. 100 solvent oil and butanone; the method also comprises the step of scraping the thermoplastic bonding material off the surface of the aircraft with a rubber and/or plastic scraper before cleaning the attachment area with the remover.