CN108998587B - Manufacturing process of waterproof, oil-proof and dustproof leather - Google Patents
Manufacturing process of waterproof, oil-proof and dustproof leather Download PDFInfo
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- CN108998587B CN108998587B CN201810902959.2A CN201810902959A CN108998587B CN 108998587 B CN108998587 B CN 108998587B CN 201810902959 A CN201810902959 A CN 201810902959A CN 108998587 B CN108998587 B CN 108998587B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C1/00—Chemical treatment prior to tanning
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C3/00—Tanning; Compositions for tanning
- C14C3/02—Chemical tanning
- C14C3/04—Mineral tanning
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C3/00—Tanning; Compositions for tanning
- C14C3/02—Chemical tanning
- C14C3/08—Chemical tanning by organic agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C3/00—Tanning; Compositions for tanning
- C14C3/02—Chemical tanning
- C14C3/28—Multi-step processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C9/00—Impregnating leather for preserving, waterproofing, making resistant to heat or similar purposes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C9/00—Impregnating leather for preserving, waterproofing, making resistant to heat or similar purposes
- C14C9/02—Impregnating leather for preserving, waterproofing, making resistant to heat or similar purposes using fatty or oily materials, e.g. fat liquoring
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/02—Material containing basic nitrogen
- D06P3/04—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups
- D06P3/32—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups leather skins
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a manufacturing process of waterproof, oil-proof and dustproof leather, which comprises the following steps: s1, rewetting; s2 retanning; s3 neutralization; s4 filling; s5 dyeing; s6 acid fixation for the first time; s7, fat liquoring; s8, solidifying acid for the second time; and S9 preparing a finished product. The invention solves the problems of low leather yield, poor color fastness and poor waterproof, oilproof and dustproof effects, and the prepared leather has higher tensile strength, abrasion resistance and better waterproof, oilproof and dustproof effects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of leather manufacturing, in particular to a manufacturing process of waterproof, oil-proof and dustproof leather.
Background
The leather is animal skin which is obtained by physical and chemical processing such as unhairing, tanning and the like and is denatured and non-perishable. The leather is formed by tightly weaving natural protein fibers in a three-dimensional space, and the surface of the leather is provided with a special grain surface layer which has natural grains and luster and comfortable hand feeling. In the process of human evolution, people find that juice or mineral oil of some plants has certain tanning property on leather, and raw leather is more breathable and antiseptic through the soaking of the juice. So that the leather has the physicochemical properties of softness, tear resistance, bending resistance and the like. In the prior art, the prepared three-proofing leather has the problems of insufficient color fastness, large and obvious pores, different and uneven fluff, serious trimming, low leather yield, poor waterproof, oil-proof and dustproof effects and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a manufacturing process of waterproof, oil-proof and dustproof leather, solves the problems of low leather yield, poor color fastness and poor waterproof, oil-proof and dustproof effects, and has high tensile strength, high abrasion resistance and good waterproof, oil-proof and dustproof effects.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a manufacturing process of waterproof, oil-proof and dustproof leather comprises the following steps:
s1 rewetting: preparing a rewetting liquid by weight: 220 parts of water 180-;
s2 retanning: stirring 120 parts of water, 120 parts of the leather material after being rewetted by S1 and 2.0-3.0 parts of chromium powder at normal temperature for more than 120min, adding 50-60 parts of water and 1.0-1.5 parts of sodium formate, stirring at normal temperature for more than 50min, draining and rinsing for more than 1 time to finish retanning;
s3 neutralization: according to the parts by weight, stirring 120 parts of water, 120 parts of leather material subjected to S2 retanning, 1.5-2.0 parts of neutralization retanning agent and 2-3 parts of sodium formate for more than 30min at normal temperature, adding 1.0-2.0 parts of ammonia water and 0.5-1.0 part of baking soda to adjust the pH value, continuously stirring for more than 90min at normal temperature, and then draining and rinsing for more than 1 time to complete neutralization;
s4 filling: according to the parts by weight, 2-5 parts of acrylic acid and 120 parts of the leather material neutralized by S3 are stirred and mixed for more than 20min at normal temperature, then 1.0-2.0 parts of displaced tannin and 0.8-1.2 parts of synthetic tanning agent are added, and stirring is continued for more than 30min at normal temperature, thus completing filling;
s5 staining: mixing 120 parts by weight of the leather material 100-200 parts by weight of S4, 200 parts by weight of water 150-200 parts by weight and 8-15 parts by weight of dye, stirring for more than 60min, continuously standing for more than 30min, and then draining and rinsing for more than 1 time to complete dyeing;
s6 first solid acid: stirring 280 parts of water 230-280 parts, 0.3-0.8 part of formic acid and 120 parts of S5 dyed leather at normal temperature for more than 25min, then adding 0.5-1.0 part of formic acid, continuously stirring at normal temperature for more than 25min, and then draining and rinsing for more than 1 time to finish the first acid fixation;
s7 fat liquoring: stirring 350 parts of water 250-350 parts, 2.0-3.0 parts of ammonia water, 120 parts of leather material subjected to first acid fixation of S6 and 5-8 parts of three-proofing finishing agent A at normal temperature for more than 30min, adding 3-5 parts of three-proofing finishing agent B, and continuously stirring at normal temperature for more than 90min to finish the fatliquoring;
s8 second acid fixation: stirring 0.4-0.6 part of formic acid and 120 parts of greased leather 100-7 for more than 20min at normal temperature, adding 0.4-0.6 part of formic acid, continuing stirring for more than 20min at normal temperature, adding 0.4-0.6 part of formic acid, stirring for more than 20min at normal temperature for the third time, and completing the second acid fixation;
s9 preparation of finished products: and S8, carrying out the processes of pasting, hanging and airing, softening, grinding and milling the leather material subjected to secondary acid fixation to obtain the waterproof, oil-proof and dustproof leather finished product.
In the preparation process, rinsing processes are arranged in the steps of rewetting, retanning, neutralizing and dyeing, and the purpose is to wash away residual reagents and avoid adverse effects on the next step, so that the overall performance of the leather is improved, and the leather yield is also improved.
In the preparation process of the waterproof, oil-proof and dustproof leather, the leather is rewetted first, and the water lost in the leather fiber is supplemented, so that the flexibility of the leather is improved, and impurities such as neutral salt and the like in the leather can be removed; and then retanning, neutralizing and filling processes are carried out, the added reagent is filled in gaps of leather fibers, and free acid and pH value in the leather are adjusted, so that dyeing ions in the next dyeing process can enter the leather more easily, and therefore the softness of the leather is improved, and the leather can be dyed uniformly more easily.
Acid fixation is carried out twice in the preparation process, the three-proofing finishing agent added in the fatting process is enabled to have better waterproof, oil-proof and dustproof effects before and after the fatting, the tearing strength, the tensile strength, the friction resistance and the color fastness of the leather are obviously improved by acid fixation twice, and the prepared leather has excellent performance.
The modified glutaraldehyde is modified glutaraldehyde GTW45, and can be obtained by purchasing.
The substituted tannins are commercially available.
The syntan is the syntan WPRJ-1, and is available commercially.
The three-proofing finishing agent A and the three-proofing finishing agent B are both water-based three-proofing finishing agents PM-4700 and can be obtained by purchasing.
The rewetting agent SAGISTAN2008 is commercially available.
The neutralizing and retanning agent is a neutralizing and retanning agent CHEMTAN T-25, which is available from Macro Huaxing Limited company.
Further, the moisture returning agent SAGISTAN2008 in the S1 step.
Further, the pH value after the step S3 is adjusted is 5.8-6.0; the neutralizing and retanning agent in the S3 step is a neutralizing and retanning agent NP.
Further, the solid content of the substituted tannin in the step S4 is 68-72%; and the synthetic tanning agent in the S4 step is a synthetic tanning agent WPRJ-1.
Further, the concentration of ammonia water in the step S3 is 25-28%; and the concentration of ammonia water in the step S7 is 15-20%.
Further, in the step S7, both the three-proofing finishing agent A and the three-proofing finishing agent B are water-based three-proofing finishing agents PM-4700.
Further, the hanging and airing process in the step S9 specifically includes: hanging and airing for 12-15h under the conditions that the temperature is 35-40 ℃ and the humidity is 50-60%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. in the preparation process of the waterproof, oil-proof and dustproof leather, the leather is rewetted first, and the water lost in the leather fiber is supplemented, so that the flexibility of the leather is improved, and impurities such as neutral salt and the like in the leather can be removed; then retanning, neutralizing and filling processes are carried out, the added reagent is filled in gaps of leather fibers, free acid and pH value in the leather are adjusted, so that dyeing ions in the next dyeing process can enter the leather more easily, the softness of the leather is improved, and the leather can be dyed uniformly more easily;
2. acid fixation is carried out twice in the preparation process, and before and after the fatliquoring, the three-proofing finishing agent added in the fatliquoring process has better waterproof, oil-proofing and dustproof effects, the tearing strength, the tensile strength, the friction resistance and the color fastness of the leather are obviously improved by acid fixation twice, and the prepared leather has excellent performance;
3. in the preparation process, rinsing processes are arranged in the steps of rewetting, retanning, neutralizing and dyeing, and the purpose is to wash away residual reagents and avoid adverse effects on the next step, so that the overall performance of the leather is improved, and the leather yield is also improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.
A manufacturing process of waterproof, oil-proof and dustproof leather comprises the following steps:
s1 rewetting: preparing a rewetting liquid by weight: 220 parts of water 180-containing materials, 1.2-1.8 parts of modified glutaraldehyde and 0.2-0.5 part of rewetting agent, heating the prepared rewetting solution to 45-50 ℃, adding 120 parts of leather materials into the rewetting solution, stirring for more than 120min, and then draining and rinsing for more than 1 time to finish rewetting;
s2 retanning: stirring 120 parts of water, 120 parts of the leather material after being rewetted by S1 and 2.0-3.0 parts of chromium powder at normal temperature for more than 120min, adding 50-60 parts of water and 1.0-1.5 parts of sodium formate, stirring at normal temperature for more than 50min, draining and rinsing for more than 1 time to finish retanning;
s3 neutralization: according to the parts by weight, stirring 120 parts of water, 120 parts of leather material subjected to S2 retanning, 1.5-2.0 parts of neutralization retanning agent and 2-3 parts of sodium formate for more than 30min at normal temperature, adding 1.0-2.0 parts of ammonia water and 0.5-1.0 part of baking soda to adjust the pH value, continuously stirring for more than 90min at normal temperature, and then draining and rinsing for more than 1 time to complete neutralization;
s4 filling: according to the parts by weight, 2-5 parts of acrylic acid and 120 parts of the leather material neutralized by S3 are stirred and mixed for more than 20min at normal temperature, then 1.0-2.0 parts of displaced tannin and 0.8-1.2 parts of synthetic tanning agent are added, and stirring is continued for more than 30min at normal temperature, thus completing filling;
s5 staining: mixing 120 parts by weight of the leather material 100-200 parts by weight of S4, 200 parts by weight of water 150-200 parts by weight and 8-15 parts by weight of dye, stirring for more than 60min, continuously standing for more than 30min, and then draining and rinsing for more than 1 time to complete dyeing;
s6 first solid acid: stirring 280 parts of water 230-280 parts, 0.3-0.8 part of formic acid and 120 parts of S5 dyed leather at normal temperature for more than 25min, then adding 0.5-1.0 part of formic acid, continuously stirring at normal temperature for more than 25min, and then draining and rinsing for more than 1 time to finish the first acid fixation;
s7 fat liquoring: stirring 350 parts of water 250-350 parts, 2.0-3.0 parts of ammonia water, 120 parts of leather material subjected to first acid fixation of S6 and 5-8 parts of three-proofing finishing agent A at normal temperature for more than 30min, adding 3-5 parts of three-proofing finishing agent B, and continuously stirring at normal temperature for more than 90min to finish the fatliquoring;
s8 second acid fixation: stirring 0.4-0.6 part of formic acid and 120 parts of greased leather 100-7 for more than 20min at normal temperature, adding 0.4-0.6 part of formic acid, continuing stirring for more than 20min at normal temperature, adding 0.4-0.6 part of formic acid, stirring for more than 20min at normal temperature for the third time, and completing the second acid fixation;
s9 preparation of finished products: and (3) carrying out processes of pasting, hanging and airing, softening, grinding and milling on the leather material subjected to secondary acid fixation to obtain the waterproof, oil-proof and dustproof leather finished product.
Specifically, the moisture returning agent SAGSISTAN 2008 in the step S1.
Specifically, the pH value after the step S3 is adjusted is 5.8-6.0; the neutralizing and retanning agent in the step S3 is a neutralizing and retanning agent CHEMTAN T-25.
Specifically, the solid content of the substituted tannin in the step S4 is 68-72%; and the synthetic tanning agent in the S4 step is a synthetic tanning agent WPRJ-1.
Specifically, the concentration of ammonia water in the step S3 is 25-28%; and the concentration of ammonia water in the step S7 is 15-20%.
Specifically, in the step S7, both the three-proofing finishing agent A and the three-proofing finishing agent B are water-based three-proofing finishing agents PM-4700.
Specifically, the hanging and airing process in the step S9 specifically includes: hanging and airing for 12-15h under the conditions that the temperature is 35-40 ℃ and the humidity is 50-60%.
Specific preparation parameters of examples 1 to 6 are shown in table 1, wherein examples 1 to 4 are technical parameters defined by the present invention, an acid fixation process is only set once in example 5, and a three-proofing agent is only added once in example 6, wherein the other preparation parameters of examples 5 to 6 are technical parameters defined by the present invention.
TABLE 1 preparation parameters of the examples
Specific performance parameters of examples 1 to 6 are shown in table 2, wherein examples 1 to 4 are technical parameters defined by the present invention, an acid fixation process is only set once in example 5, and a three-proofing agent is only added once in example 6, wherein the other preparation parameters of examples 5 to 6 are technical parameters defined by the present invention.
The leathers prepared in examples 1-6 were tested for tensile strength, elongation, crocking and abrasion resistance as follows:
tensile strength, elongation: the tests were carried out according to the provisions of the national Standard QB/T2710-.
And (3) friction fading: testing by using a friction decolorization testing machine, cutting two clean, flat, wrinkle-free and damage-free samples with the size of 200mm multiplied by 50mm on a test sample by using a cutter, wherein one sample is used for dry friction, and the other sample is used for wet friction; the dry friction test comprises the following steps: clamping white standard dry cotton cloth on a friction head of a friction rod, putting down the support rod, setting the load of a friction decolorization testing machine to be 9N, setting the friction head to be a round friction head, setting the friction speed to be 60 times/min, and performing reciprocating friction for 10 times; the wet friction test comprises the following steps: soaking white standard cotton cloth in distilled water, rolling to control the water absorption of the cotton cloth to be 95-105%, sleeving the rolled standard wet cotton cloth on a friction head of a friction rod, putting down a support rod, setting the load of a friction decolorization testing machine to be 9N, setting the friction head to be a round friction head, setting the friction speed to be 60 times/minute, and performing reciprocating friction for 10 times. And naturally airing the wet cotton cloth at room temperature. Finally, the color fastness of the test sample is evaluated by carrying out the staining rating of the dry and wet cotton cloth in a standard light box by using a D65 light source and a staining card of GB/T-251.
Wear resistance: the wear resistance test is carried out according to the regulations in the national standard GB/T2726-2005 measurement of the physical and mechanical test of the wear resistance of leather.
Oil proofing: tested according to the American 3M company AATCC118 (oil-proof) standard. The standard oil in AATCC118 is used as test oil, the test oil is dripped on the surface of the leather by a dropper, the area of the leather is 20cm multiplied by 20cm, the diameter of the liquid drop is 3mm, 3 drops are dripped on different parts of the leather, and when the observation is carried out for 30 seconds, 2 drops of the oil drops on each part are not absorbed, namely, the oil passes through the holes, the oil with low grade is firstly measured, and then the oil with high grade is measured until the oil cannot pass through the holes.
Waterproofing: tested according to the American 3M company AATCC-22 (waterproof) standard. The isopropyl alcohol and the water in different proportions are prepared into test water in different stages. The test water is dropped on the surface of the leather by a dropper, and the area of the leather is 20cm multiplied by 20 cm. The diameter of the liquid drop is 3mm, the distance between the liquid drops is more than 5cm, 3 liquid drops are dropped on different positions of the carpet, the observation is carried out for 10 seconds, and if 2 liquid drops are still spherical, the liquid drops are not absorbed, namely pass through.
Table 2 examples 1-6 test results
As can be seen from table 2 above, the absence of the acid-fixing process greatly reduces the tear strength, the tensile strength, the abrasion resistance and the color fastness of the leather produced, and affects the leather yield, and it can be seen that the secondary acid-fixing process provided by the present invention is an essential step for the water-proof, oil-proof and dust-proof leather. In example 6, the oil and water resistance is obviously inferior to that of examples 1 to 5 because the two-time three-proofing agent is not added, so that the water and oil resistance is improved well by adding the two-time three-proofing agent.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of this invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise form disclosed herein and that various other combinations, modifications, and environments may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the concept as disclosed herein, either as described above or as apparent to those skilled in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. A manufacturing process of waterproof, oil-proof and dustproof leather is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1 rewetting: preparing a rewetting liquid by weight: 220 parts of water 180-plus, 1.2-1.8 parts of modified glutaraldehyde and 0.2-0.5 part of rewetting agent, heating the prepared rewetting solution to 45-50 ℃, adding 120 parts of leather 100-plus into the rewetting solution, stirring for more than 120min, draining and rinsing for more than 1 time, and draining to finish rewetting, wherein the rewetting agent is a rewetting agent SAGISTAN 2008;
s2 retanning: stirring 120 parts of water, 120 parts of the leather material after being rewetted by S1 and 2.0-3.0 parts of chromium powder at normal temperature for more than 120min, adding 50-60 parts of water and 1.0-1.5 parts of sodium formate, stirring at normal temperature for more than 50min, draining and rinsing for more than 1 time to finish retanning;
s3 neutralization: according to the weight parts, stirring 120 parts of water, 120 parts of leather material subjected to S2 retanning, 1.5-2.0 parts of neutralizing retanning agent and 2-3 parts of sodium formate at normal temperature for more than 30min, adding 1.0-2.0 parts of ammonia water and 0.5-1.0 part of baking soda to adjust the pH value to 5.8-6.0, continuously stirring at normal temperature for more than 90min, draining and rinsing for more than 1 time to complete neutralization, wherein the mass concentration of the ammonia water is 25-28%, and the neutralizing retanning agent is a neutralizing retanning agent CHEMTAN-25;
s4 filling: according to the parts by weight, 2-5 parts of acrylic acid and 120 parts of the leather material neutralized by S3 are stirred and mixed for more than 20min at normal temperature, then 1.0-2.0 parts of displaced tannin and 0.8-1.2 parts of synthetic tanning agent are added, and stirring is continued for more than 30min at normal temperature, thus completing filling;
wherein the solid content of the displaced tannin is 68-72%; the synthetic tanning agent in the S4 step is a synthetic tanning agent WPRJ-1;
s5 staining: mixing 120 parts by weight of the leather material 100-200 parts by weight of S4, 200 parts by weight of water 150-200 parts by weight and 8-15 parts by weight of dye, stirring for more than 60min, continuously standing for more than 30min, and then draining and rinsing for more than 1 time to complete dyeing;
s6 first solid acid: stirring 280 parts of water 230-280 parts, 0.3-0.8 part of formic acid and 120 parts of S5 dyed leather at normal temperature for more than 25min, then adding 0.5-1.0 part of formic acid, continuously stirring at normal temperature for more than 25min, and then draining and rinsing for more than 1 time to finish the first acid fixation;
s7 fat liquoring: stirring 350 parts of water 250-350 parts, 2.0-3.0 parts of ammonia water, 120 parts of leather material subjected to first acid fixation of S6 and 5-8 parts of three-proofing finishing agent A at normal temperature for more than 30min, adding 3-5 parts of three-proofing finishing agent B, and continuously stirring at normal temperature for more than 90min to finish fatliquoring;
wherein the mass concentration of the ammonia water is 15-20%, and the three-proofing finishing agent A and the three-proofing finishing agent B are both aqueous three-proofing finishing agents PM-4700;
s8 second acid fixation: stirring 0.4-0.6 part of formic acid and 120 parts of greased leather 100-7 for more than 20min at normal temperature, adding 0.4-0.6 part of formic acid, continuing stirring for more than 20min at normal temperature, adding 0.4-0.6 part of formic acid, stirring for more than 20min at normal temperature for the third time, and completing the second acid fixation;
s9 preparation of finished products: carrying out the procedures of pasting, hanging and airing, softening, grinding and milling on the leather material subjected to the secondary acid fixation in S8 to obtain a waterproof, oil-proof and dustproof leather finished product;
wherein, the hanging and airing process specifically comprises the following steps: hanging and airing for 12-15h under the conditions that the temperature is 35-40 ℃ and the humidity is 50-60%.
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