CN108994473B - Welding method of aluminum alloy plate beam part - Google Patents
Welding method of aluminum alloy plate beam part Download PDFInfo
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- CN108994473B CN108994473B CN201811000094.7A CN201811000094A CN108994473B CN 108994473 B CN108994473 B CN 108994473B CN 201811000094 A CN201811000094 A CN 201811000094A CN 108994473 B CN108994473 B CN 108994473B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
Abstract
The invention discloses a welding method of an aluminum alloy plate beam component, which comprises the following steps: the welding method of the aluminum alloy plate beam part has the advantages that the technical requirements of drawings can be met without correcting and adjusting the flatness and the size of a product, the production efficiency and the product quality are improved, and the product quality control effect is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding of plate-girder components, and particularly provides a welding method of an aluminum alloy plate-girder component.
Background
In the aluminum alloy welding process, the uneven heating makes the temperature of the welding seam and the temperature near the welding seam very high, and after cooling, the welding seam can generate shrinkage and internal stress of different degrees, so that various deformations are generated in a welding structure. Since aluminum has a heat transfer efficiency 3 times higher than that of steel, the difficulty of controlling the welding deformation of aluminum alloy is much greater than that of steel. The volume change caused by the transformation of the grain structure inside the aluminum alloy may also cause the deformation of the weldment, which is the root cause of the generation of welding stress and deformation. Uneven heating of the weld is a major cause of stress and weld distortion.
In a general aluminum alloy plate beam welding structure, a welding part of a plate beam structure comprises longitudinal and transverse deformation, bending deformation, distortion deformation and the like, the deformation has large influence on the structure and is difficult to correct, the harmfulness of the residual deformation is much larger than the residual stress, the size of the welding part is changed, the subsequent assembly is difficult or even impossible, the whole component loses stability and cannot bear load, the product quality is greatly reduced, the correction deformation needs a large amount of manpower and material resources, the correction result is always satisfactory, and sometimes the component is even scrapped.
It is urgently desired to obtain a welding method of an aluminum alloy plate beam component with excellent technical effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a welding method of an aluminum alloy plate beam component with excellent technical effect. The problems of welded product of the plate beam component, such as dimensional tolerance, poor butt joint line, out-of-flatness and the like, are solved, and the final technical requirements of the product can be met without mechanical or flame adjustment procedures after the plate beam component is assembled and welded.
The welding method of the aluminum alloy plate beam part comprises the following specific steps:
cleaning two aluminum plates to be subjected to butt welding, polishing two sides of a groove to remove impurities such as oxidation films and the like, paving the two aluminum plates to be subjected to butt welding on an inverted assembly welding device, adjusting the width and the height of the two aluminum plates by using positioning pins in the inverted assembly welding device, ensuring the maximum width 2569mm and the height 2027mm of the aluminum plates, adjusting the center of a butt welding line to be aligned with the center of a U-shaped groove on a copper base plate 5 on the inverted assembly welding device, tightly pressing and fixing the aluminum plates by using a pressing device 3 on the inverted assembly welding device, welding the butt welding line, loosening the pressing device 3 after welding is completed, taking a wallboard 21 from the inverted assembly welding device, polishing and trimming the welding line, removing an arc striking plate and an arc receiving plate of the wallboard by using a cutting piece, wherein the wallboard 21 is two welded aluminum plates;
secondly, the finished aluminum plate is tiled and returned to the reverse assembly welding device, the position is adjusted, the aluminum plate is aligned with the positioning pin 6, the edge of the aluminum plate is tightly pressed by the upper limiter 2 and the limiting jacking device 4, the framework assembly 22 is assembled on the reverse assembly welding device, each single piece of the framework assembly 22 is placed according to the positioning size of the positioning pin, the width assembly size of the upper side beam of the framework assembly 22 is 1203mm, the width assembly size of the lower side beam of the framework assembly 22 is 920mm, and the height is 1977 mm; the framework is compressed and fixed by a compressor 3 of the reverse assembly welding device and a movable F clamp, a process support is welded between two vertical beams after the positioning welding is finished, then the framework is turned over by 180 degrees, the framework is repositioned and compressed, the reverse assembly welding device is used for welding, only a side welding seam which is attached to the wallboard 21 is welded, and the framework is taken down to grind and detect a flaw;
thirdly, returning the framework component 22 welded with the bottom welding seam to the reverse assembly welding device again, fixing and pressing the framework component 22 and the wallboard 21 again by using the pressing device 3, welding the framework component 22 and the wallboard 21 by positioning welding, wherein the positioning welding length is 30-50mm, and the interval is 400-500 mm; polishing slopes of two ends of the positioning welding head to 45 degrees for smooth transition, removing black ash by using a stainless steel wire brush, and performing segmented welding and discontinuous welding on all long welding seams in order to ensure the flatness of the plate during welding;
and fourthly, hoisting the part subjected to skeleton welding into the forward assembling and welding device, wherein a positioning block and a limiting groove are arranged on the chassis of the forward assembling and welding device, so that the positioning and pressing of the beam after the beam is welded in the previous step can be ensured. The components finished in the third step are placed according to the positioning positions by using a positioning device 15, the position of a jacking device 14 is adjusted, the inner width process discharge amount is guaranteed to be +2mm, the height process discharge amount is guaranteed to be +2mm, a pressing plate 12 and a pressing device 13 are used for pressing and spot welding a wall plate 21 and a windshield connecting framework 24, the rain leaking pipe assembly 23 is placed on the wall plate 21 according to the position, the rain leaking pipe assembly 23 is pressed by using the pressing device 13, the rain leaking pipe assembly 23 is then positioned and welded, the pressing device 13 is loosened after the positioning and welding, the windshield connecting framework 24 and the rain leaking pipe assembly 23 are turned over by 180 degrees, the windshield connecting framework 24 and the rain leaking pipe assembly 23 are pressed again by using the pressing device 13, at the moment, only the side welding seams contacting with the wall plate 21 are welded, the welding seams are ground flat after the welding, the visual detection is carried out according to the ISO 10042-C level standard;
fifthly, turning over the windshield connecting framework 24 and the rain drop pipe assembly 23 with a single-side welding seam by 180 degrees and returning to the normal assembly welding device again, fixedly pressing the windshield connecting framework 24 and the rain drop pipe assembly 23 with the wall plate 21 by using the jacking device 14 and the pressing device 13, performing tack welding after pressing, wherein the length of the tack welding is 30-50mm, the interval is 400-500mm, the two ends of the tack welding joint are polished to be smooth and excessive at a slope of 45 degrees, black dust is removed by using a stainless steel wire brush, and all long welding seams are welded in sections and are welded discontinuously in order to ensure the flatness of the plate during welding;
and sixthly, taking the welded parts from the normal assembly welding device, carrying out visual detection according to ISO 10042-C standard, carrying out penetration inspection on all welding seams according to ISO232772X rating, and carrying out repair treatment if the welding seams are unqualified.
The welding method of the aluminum alloy plate beam part comprises the following process steps of: and blanking and processing all the plates and the beams in place according to the process discharge size. And the two plates are welded on the reverse assembly welding device by utilizing the positioning pins, the pressing devices and the like. And (4) assembling the beam-type framework by utilizing a positioning pin compactor and the like on the reverse assembling and welding device. And welding the beam type framework and the plate by utilizing a positioning pin compactor and the like on the reverse assembly welding device. And a positioning pin compactor is used for equally assembling the beam type outer frame on the forward assembling and welding device. And (4) finishing the assembly welding of the beam type outer frame and the plate by utilizing a positioning pin compactor and the like on the forward assembly welding device. According to the assembly welding method, the plate beam part does not need to be corrected mechanically or by flame after being welded.
According to the welding method of the aluminum alloy plate beam part, the flatness and the size of the product can meet the technical requirements of drawings without correcting and adjusting, the production efficiency and the product quality are improved, and the product quality control effect is good.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and embodiments:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a reverse assembly welding device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a forward assembling and welding device;
FIG. 3 is a front view of an aluminum alloy plate beam member;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken at A-A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken at B-B of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a rear view of an aluminum alloy plate beam member;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the skeleton structure.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The welding method of the aluminum alloy plate beam part comprises the following specific steps:
cleaning two aluminum plates to be subjected to butt welding, polishing two sides of a groove to remove impurities such as oxidation films and the like, paving the two aluminum plates to be subjected to butt welding on an inverted assembly welding device, adjusting the width and the height of the two aluminum plates by using positioning pins in the inverted assembly welding device, ensuring the maximum width 2569mm and the height 2027mm of the aluminum plates, adjusting the center of a butt welding line to be aligned with the center of a U-shaped groove on a copper base plate 5 on the inverted assembly welding device, tightly pressing and fixing the aluminum plates by using a pressing device 3 on the inverted assembly welding device, welding the butt welding line, loosening the pressing device 3 after welding is completed, taking a wallboard 21 from the inverted assembly welding device, polishing and trimming the welding line, removing an arc striking plate and an arc receiving plate of the wallboard by using a cutting piece, wherein the wallboard 21 is two welded aluminum plates;
secondly, the finished aluminum plate is tiled and returned to the reverse assembly welding device, the position is adjusted, the aluminum plate is aligned with the positioning pin 6, the edge of the aluminum plate is tightly pressed by the upper limiter 2 and the limiting jacking device 4, the framework assembly 22 is assembled on the reverse assembly welding device, each single piece of the framework assembly 22 is placed according to the positioning size of the positioning pin, the width assembly size of the upper side beam of the framework assembly 22 is 1203mm, the width assembly size of the lower side beam of the framework assembly 22 is 920mm, and the height is 1977 mm; the framework is compressed and fixed by a compressor 3 of the reverse assembly welding device and a movable F clamp, a process support is welded between two vertical beams after the positioning welding is finished, then the framework is turned over by 180 degrees, the framework is repositioned and compressed, the reverse assembly welding device is used for welding, only a side welding seam which is attached to the wallboard 21 is welded, and the framework is taken down to grind and detect a flaw;
thirdly, returning the framework component 22 welded with the bottom welding seam to the reverse assembly welding device again, fixing and pressing the framework component 22 and the wallboard 21 again by using the pressing device 3, welding the framework component 22 and the wallboard 21 by positioning welding, wherein the positioning welding length is 30-50mm, and the interval is 400-500 mm; polishing slopes of two ends of the positioning welding head to 45 degrees for smooth transition, removing black ash by using a stainless steel wire brush, and performing segmented welding and discontinuous welding on all long welding seams in order to ensure the flatness of the plate during welding;
and fourthly, hoisting the part subjected to skeleton welding into the forward assembling and welding device, wherein a positioning block and a limiting groove are arranged on the chassis of the forward assembling and welding device, so that the positioning and pressing of the beam after the beam is welded in the previous step can be ensured. The components finished in the third step are placed according to the positioning positions by using a positioning device 15, the position of a jacking device 14 is adjusted, the inner width process discharge amount is guaranteed to be +2mm, the height process discharge amount is guaranteed to be +2mm, a pressing plate 12 and a pressing device 13 are used for pressing and spot welding a wall plate 21 and a windshield connecting framework 24, the rain leaking pipe assembly 23 is placed on the wall plate 21 according to the position, the rain leaking pipe assembly 23 is pressed by using the pressing device 13, the rain leaking pipe assembly 23 is then positioned and welded, the pressing device 13 is loosened after the positioning and welding, the windshield connecting framework 24 and the rain leaking pipe assembly 23 are turned over by 180 degrees, the windshield connecting framework 24 and the rain leaking pipe assembly 23 are pressed again by using the pressing device 13, at the moment, only the side welding seams contacting with the wall plate 21 are welded, the welding seams are ground flat after the welding, the visual detection is carried out according to the ISO 10042-C level standard;
fifthly, turning over the windshield connecting framework 24 and the rain drop pipe assembly 23 with a single-side welding seam by 180 degrees and returning to the normal assembly welding device again, fixedly pressing the windshield connecting framework 24 and the rain drop pipe assembly 23 with the wall plate 21 by using the jacking device 14 and the pressing device 13, performing tack welding after pressing, wherein the length of the tack welding is 30-50mm, the interval is 400-500mm, the two ends of the tack welding joint are polished to be smooth and excessive at a slope of 45 degrees, black dust is removed by using a stainless steel wire brush, and all long welding seams are welded in sections and are welded discontinuously in order to ensure the flatness of the plate during welding;
and sixthly, taking the welded parts from the normal assembly welding device, carrying out visual detection according to ISO 10042-C standard, carrying out penetration inspection on all welding seams according to ISO232772X rating, and carrying out repair treatment if the welding seams are unqualified.
The welding method of the aluminum alloy plate beam part comprises the following process steps of: and blanking and processing all the plates and the beams in place according to the process discharge size. And the two plates are welded on the reverse assembly welding device by utilizing the positioning pins, the pressing devices and the like. And (4) assembling the beam-type framework by utilizing a positioning pin compactor and the like on the reverse assembling and welding device. And welding the beam type framework and the plate by utilizing a positioning pin compactor and the like on the reverse assembly welding device. And a positioning pin compactor is used for equally assembling the beam type outer frame on the forward assembling and welding device. And (4) finishing the assembly welding of the beam type outer frame and the plate by utilizing a positioning pin compactor and the like on the forward assembly welding device. According to the assembly welding method, the plate beam part does not need to be corrected mechanically or by flame after being welded.
According to the welding method of the aluminum alloy plate beam component, the flatness and the size of the product can meet the technical requirements of drawings without correcting and adjusting, the production efficiency and the product quality are improved, and the product quality control effect is good.
Claims (1)
1. A welding method of an aluminum alloy plate beam part is characterized in that: the welding method of the aluminum alloy plate beam part comprises the following specific steps:
cleaning two aluminum plates to be subjected to butt welding, polishing two sides of a groove to remove impurities, paving the two aluminum plates to be subjected to butt welding on an inverted assembly welding device, adjusting the width and the height of the two aluminum plates by using a positioning pin in the inverted assembly welding device, ensuring that the maximum width of the aluminum plates is 2569mm and the height of the aluminum plates is 2027mm, adjusting the centers of butt welding seams to be aligned with the centers of U-shaped grooves in a copper base plate (5) on the inverted assembly welding device, tightly pressing and fixing the aluminum plates by using a pressing device (3) on the inverted assembly welding device, welding the butt welding seams, loosening the pressing device (3) after welding is completed, taking a wallboard (21) out of the inverted assembly welding device, polishing and trimming the welding seams, removing arc striking plates and arc receiving plates of the wallboard by using a cutting piece, wherein the wallboard (21) is two aluminum plates after welding;
secondly, the finished aluminum plate is tiled and returned to the reverse assembly welding device, the position is adjusted, the aluminum plate is aligned with the positioning pin (6), the edge of the aluminum plate is tightly propped by the upper limiter (2) and the limiting jacking device (4), the framework composition (22) is assembled on the reverse assembly welding device, each single piece of the framework composition (22) is placed according to the positioning size of the positioning pin, the width assembly size 1203mm of the upper side beam of the framework composition (22), the width assembly size 920mm of the lower side beam of the framework composition (22) and the height 1977 mm; a compactor (3) of a reverse assembly welding device and a movable F clamp are used for compacting and fixing the framework, a process support is welded between two vertical beams after the positioning welding is finished, then the framework is turned over by 180 degrees, the framework is repositioned and compacted, the reverse assembly welding device is used for welding, only a side welding seam which is attached to a wallboard (21) is welded, and the framework is taken down to grind and detect a flaw;
thirdly, returning the framework component (22) welded with the bottom welding seam to the reverse assembly welding device again, fixing and pressing the framework component (22) and the wallboard (21) again by using the pressing device (3), welding the framework component (22) and the wallboard (21) in a positioning manner, and welding the framework component (22) and the wallboard (21) at a positioning welding length of 30-50mm and at an interval of 400-500 mm; polishing slopes of two ends of the positioning welding head to 45 degrees for smooth transition, removing black ash by using a stainless steel wire brush, and performing segmented welding and discontinuous welding on all long welding seams in order to ensure the flatness of the plate during welding;
fourthly, hoisting the parts welded by the frameworks into a forward assembling and welding device, placing the parts completed in the third step according to the positioning position by using a positioning device (15), adjusting the position of a jacking device (14), ensuring that the inner width process discharge is +2mm and the height process discharge is +2mm, tightly pressing and spot-welding the wall plate (21) and the windshield connecting framework (24) by using a pressing plate (12) and a pressing device (13), placing the rain leakage pipe assembly (23) on the wall plate (21) according to the position, tightly pressing the rain leakage pipe assembly (23) by using the pressing device (13), then performing positioning welding, loosening the pressing device (13) after the positioning welding, turning the windshield connecting framework (24) and the rain leakage pipe assembly (23) by 180 degrees, tightly pressing the windshield connecting framework (24) and the rain leakage pipe assembly (23) again by using the pressing device (13), only welding the side welding seam contacted with the wall plate (21), and grinding the welded seam, visual inspection is carried out according to ISO 10042-C standard, penetration flaw detection is carried out on all welding seams according to ISO232772X rating, and repair treatment is carried out if the welding seams are unqualified;
fifthly, turning over the windshield connecting framework (24) and the rain leaking pipe assembly (23) with a single-side welding seam by 180 degrees and returning to the normal assembly welding device again, fixedly pressing the windshield connecting framework (24) and the rain leaking pipe assembly (23) with the wallboard (21) by using a jacking device (14) and a pressing device (13), performing tack welding after pressing, wherein the length of the tack welding is 30-50mm, the interval is 400 mm and 500mm, polishing the two ends of the tack welding joint to be smooth and excessive at 45 degrees, removing black ash by using a stainless steel wire brush, and performing sectional welding and intermittent welding on all long welding seams in order to ensure the flatness of the plate during welding;
and sixthly, taking the welded parts from the normal assembly welding device, carrying out visual detection according to ISO 10042-C standard, carrying out penetration inspection on all welding seams according to ISO232772X rating, and carrying out repair treatment if the welding seams are unqualified.
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| CN113941796B (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-03-08 | 四川明日宇航工业有限责任公司 | High-precision tailor-welding process for stainless steel box type structural part |
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| JPH0680080A (en) * | 1991-04-01 | 1994-03-22 | Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd | Manufacture of side beam bogie frame for superconductive magnetic levitation |
| CN1712289A (en) * | 2004-06-25 | 2005-12-28 | 龙巧林 | End wall device of vehicle |
| CN201338169Y (en) * | 2008-12-26 | 2009-11-04 | 唐山轨道客车有限责任公司 | High speed bullet train roof assembly and welding device |
| CN101733598A (en) * | 2009-12-02 | 2010-06-16 | 长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Welding method of aluminium alloy plate beam structure and special pressing device |
| CN103639610A (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2014-03-19 | 辽宁忠旺集团有限公司 | Welding technology for aluminum alloy apron board of high-speed bullet train equipment cabin |
| CN104526175A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-04-22 | 沈阳航天新星机电有限责任公司 | Method for controlling welding deformation |
| CN104625351A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-05-20 | 辽宁忠旺集团有限公司 | Welding method for aluminum alloy side wall used for subway compartment |
-
2018
- 2018-08-30 CN CN201811000094.7A patent/CN108994473B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0680080A (en) * | 1991-04-01 | 1994-03-22 | Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd | Manufacture of side beam bogie frame for superconductive magnetic levitation |
| CN1712289A (en) * | 2004-06-25 | 2005-12-28 | 龙巧林 | End wall device of vehicle |
| CN201338169Y (en) * | 2008-12-26 | 2009-11-04 | 唐山轨道客车有限责任公司 | High speed bullet train roof assembly and welding device |
| CN101733598A (en) * | 2009-12-02 | 2010-06-16 | 长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Welding method of aluminium alloy plate beam structure and special pressing device |
| CN103639610A (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2014-03-19 | 辽宁忠旺集团有限公司 | Welding technology for aluminum alloy apron board of high-speed bullet train equipment cabin |
| CN104526175A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-04-22 | 沈阳航天新星机电有限责任公司 | Method for controlling welding deformation |
| CN104625351A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-05-20 | 辽宁忠旺集团有限公司 | Welding method for aluminum alloy side wall used for subway compartment |
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