CN108994267B - 6XXX series aluminum rolled plate preparation method capable of improving processing formability and aging strengthening effect - Google Patents
6XXX series aluminum rolled plate preparation method capable of improving processing formability and aging strengthening effect Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a 6XXX series aluminum rolled plate capable of improving the processing formability and the aging strengthening effect, which comprises the following steps: step one, preparing a 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt; wherein the 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt comprises the following components: 1.0-1.6% of Si, 0.10-1.0% of Fe, 0.01-0.15% of Cu, 0.01-0.15% of Mn, 0.40-0.90% of Mg, and the balance of Al and impurities; secondly, guiding the 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt into a high-heat-conductivity water-cooling casting roll gap for sub-rapid solidification to obtain a high-solid-solution 6XXX series aluminum alloy cast-rolled blank; step three, carrying out multi-pass cold rolling on the high solid solution 6XXX series aluminum alloy cast-rolled blank to a specified thickness to obtain an aluminum alloy cold-rolled plate; and step four, carrying out solution heat treatment on the aluminum alloy cold-rolled sheet, and then carrying out quenching treatment to obtain the 6XXX series aluminum alloy cold-rolled sheet in the T4 state. The preparation method of the 6XXX series aluminum rolled plate can improve the processing formability and the aging strengthening effect of the 6XXX series aluminum alloy cold rolled plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum rolled plate preparation, and particularly relates to a 6XXX series aluminum rolled plate preparation method capable of improving the processing formability and the aging strengthening effect.
Background
Nowadays, the energy problem and the environmental pollution problem in the world are increasingly severe, and the light weight of automobiles is the trend. The vehicle body dead weight is reduced, so that the vehicle can develop towards the directions of low energy consumption, low emission and high efficiency, and the aims of energy conservation and environmental protection are fulfilled. In addition, it is a constant pursuit for safety to improve the mechanical properties of the vehicle body. The aluminum alloy has the advantages of light weight, corrosion resistance, high specific strength, high specific rigidity and the like, and is good in formability and easy to recycle; therefore, aluminum alloys are ideal materials for achieving weight reduction of automobiles. The 6XXX series aluminum alloys are heat-treatable strengthened alloys having better formability in the T4 temper and higher strength in the T6 temper, and thus the 6XXX series aluminum alloys are considered to be the most promising automotive body materials. Currently, 6XXX series aluminum alloys have begun to be used in the manufacture of automotive panels, particularly large body structures such as hoods, doors, and roofs.
The patent application No. 201611006519.6 is named as a patent technology of a method for preparing a 6022 aluminum alloy plate, the 6022 aluminum alloy is prepared by adopting a process of cast-rolled blank heating, hot rolling, intermediate annealing, cold rolling, solid solution and pre-aging, compared with the conventional process, the method omits a homogenization procedure, but still keeps the cast-rolled blank heating and intermediate annealing procedures, so that the energy cost and the production time are further reduced. In addition, the 6022 aluminum alloy prepared by the method has higher yield strength reaching more than 130MPa in the T4 state, and the 6022 aluminum alloy has lower yield strength averaging 170MPa in the T6 state. Therefore, the 6022 aluminum alloy obtained by this production method is not excellent in work formability and aging strengthening effect.
The patent application number 201310721694.3, named as AlMgSi alloy plate with high strain strengthening index and the preparation method thereof, adopts the technology of casting, homogenization heat treatment, hot rolling, primary cold rolling, secondary cold rolling and solution treatment to prepare the 6XXX series aluminum alloy. The patent is also based on the conventional production flow, and has high production cost and long period. Meanwhile, the 6XXX series aluminum alloy obtained by the preparation method has high yield strength in a T4 state, and reaches 136MPa, so that the forming performance of the material is not excellent.
The patent application number 201480010356.1 discloses a technology for manufacturing an aluminum alloy plate with excellent characteristics after room temperature aging, wherein a conventional process flow of casting, homogenization heat treatment, hot rolling, intermediate annealing, cold rolling, solid solution and pre-aging is adopted, 0.01-0.3% of Sn element is added in chemical components, the yield strength of the prepared 6XXX series aluminum alloy is lower than 100MPa in a T4 state, and the yield strength of the 6XXX series aluminum alloy is increased by higher than 90MPa after T6 artificial aging treatment. Therefore, the material prepared by the patent technology has excellent forming performance and age hardening effect. The defects are still based on the conventional flow, the addition of an alloy element Sn, high production cost and long working period.
The prior art is mainly based on the conventional process, the production cost is high, the period is long, and the forming performance and the age hardening effect of the prepared 6XXX series aluminum alloy do not have obvious advantages.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of a 6XXX series aluminum rolled plate capable of improving the processing formability and the aging strengthening effect, which comprises three process links of sub-rapid solidification, cold rolling and solution treatment; one of the objects of the present invention is to improve the work formability and the age-strengthening effect of a 6XXX series aluminum rolled sheet in the T4 temper.
The invention provides a preparation method of a 6XXX series aluminum rolled plate capable of improving the processing formability and the aging strengthening effect, which saves the links of cast-rolled blank homogenization and hot rolling; the second purpose of the invention is to optimize the preparation process of the 6XXX series aluminum rolled plate and shorten the process flow.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a6 XXX series aluminum rolled plate preparation method capable of improving the processing formability and the aging strengthening effect comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt;
wherein the 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt comprises the following components: 1.0-1.6% of Si, 0.10-1.0% of Fe, 0.01-0.15% of Cu, 0.01-0.15% of Mn, 0.40-0.90% of Mg, and the balance of Al and impurities;
secondly, guiding the 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt into a roll gap of a water-cooling casting roll for sub-rapid solidification to obtain a high-solid-solution 6XXX series aluminum alloy cast-rolled blank;
step three, carrying out multi-pass cold rolling on the high solid solution 6XXX series aluminum alloy cast-rolled blank to a specified thickness to obtain an aluminum alloy cold-rolled plate;
and step four, carrying out solution heat treatment on the aluminum alloy cold-rolled sheet, and then carrying out quenching treatment to obtain the 6XXX series aluminum alloy cold-rolled sheet in the T4 state.
Preferably, in the first step, a 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt is prepared, comprising the steps of:
step 1, melting commercial pure aluminum at the temperature of 750-;
step 2, carrying out slag removal treatment on the pure aluminum melt, and preserving heat within the range of 680-720 ℃;
step 3, after degassing and refining treatment, respectively adding Al-Si alloy, Al-Mn alloy, Al-Cu alloy and pure Fe powder within the temperature range of 680-sand-doped 720 ℃, and preserving heat;
and 4, degassing and refining, adding pure Mg powder within the temperature range of 680-720 ℃, and preserving the temperature for 10-15 minutes to obtain the 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt.
Preferably, in the second step, the water-cooled casting roller is made of hard alloy steel, the surface of the water-cooled casting roller is coated with a high-heat-conductivity copper roller sleeve, and a circulating water cooling system is arranged inside the water-cooled casting roller.
Preferably, in the third step, the high solid solution 6XXX series aluminum alloy cast-rolled blank is subjected to multiple cold rolling, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, carrying out 2-4 times of large reduction cold rolling on the 6XXX series aluminum alloy cast-rolled blank at a first rolling speed, wherein the reduction of each single pass is 20-25%;
and 2, performing 3-5 times of small reduction cold rolling at a second rolling speed, wherein the reduction of each single pass is 10-15%.
Preferably, the first rolling speed is less than 10 m/min; the second rolling speed is 10-20 m/min.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the solution heat treatment is performed on the aluminum alloy cold-rolled sheet by a continuous solution annealing treatment or a bell-type furnace solution annealing treatment.
Preferably, the temperature of the solution heat treatment is 480-580 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 10-120 min.
Preferably, the solution heat treatment method comprises:
heating the aluminum alloy cold-rolled sheet to 480-520 ℃, and preserving heat for 5-60 minutes; heating to 550-580 deg.C, and keeping the temperature for 5-60 min.
Preferably, in the fourth step, water is used as the quenching medium.
Preferably, the third step is preceded by the step of performing face milling on the cast rolling blank of the high solid solution 6XXX series aluminum alloy to remove surface defects.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the preparation method of the 6XXX series aluminum rolled plate capable of improving the processing formability and the aging strengthening effect comprises three process links of sub-rapid solidification, cold rolling and solution treatment, the yield strength of the prepared 6XXX series aluminum alloy in a T4 state is not higher than 100MPa, the uniform elongation is not lower than 25%, and the forming performance is excellent; after further deep drawing and aging treatment, namely the yield strength of the 6XXX series aluminum alloy in the T6 state is not lower than 220MPa, the use requirement of deformation resistance is met, and the 6XXX series aluminum alloy prepared by the method has good age hardening effect.
(2) According to the preparation method of the 6XXX series aluminum rolled plate capable of improving the processing formability and the aging strengthening effect, casting blank homogenization and hot rolling links are omitted, and the process flow is obviously shortened; greatly reduces energy consumption and gas emission.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an electron micrograph of a cast rolled structure of the aluminum alloy prepared in example 1.
FIG. 2 is an electron microscope image of a cast-rolled structure of an aluminum alloy prepared in a comparative example.
FIG. 3 is a graph comparing the mechanical properties of a 6XXX series aluminum alloy prepared in example 1 and a 6XXX series aluminum alloy cold-rolled sheet prepared in comparative example in the T4 temper.
FIG. 4 is a graph comparing the mechanical properties of a 6XXX series aluminum alloy prepared in example 1 and a 6XXX series aluminum alloy cold-rolled sheet prepared in comparative example in the T6 temper.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.
The invention provides a preparation method of a 6XXX series aluminum rolled plate capable of improving the processing formability and the aging strengthening effect, which mainly comprises three process links of sub-rapid solidification, cold rolling and solution treatment, and the preparation process comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt, which comprises the following steps:
(1) under the protection of argon, melting commercial pure aluminum at the temperature of 750-800 ℃ to obtain pure aluminum melt;
(2) carrying out slag removal treatment on the pure aluminum melt, and adjusting the temperature within the range of 680-720 ℃ for heat preservation for 2 hours to ensure that the melt temperature is uniform;
(3) after degassing and refining, respectively adding Al-Si, Al-Mn, Al-Cu and other intermediate alloys and pure Fe powder within the temperature range of 680-plus 720 ℃, and preserving heat for 1 hour;
(4) after secondary degassing and refining treatment, adding pure Mg powder within the temperature range of 680-720 ℃, and preserving heat for 10-15 minutes to obtain a 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt;
in the preparation process, the 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt prepared by controlling the amounts of the added intermediate alloy, pure Fe powder and pure Mg powder comprises the following components: 1.0-1.6% of Si, 0.10-1.0% of Fe, 0.01-0.15% of Cu, 0.01-0.15% of Mn, 0.40-0.90% of Mg, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
Secondly, performing sub-rapid solidification on the 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt to obtain a high-solid-solution 6XXX series aluminum alloy cast-rolled blank; the specific method comprises the following steps:
and (3) transferring the 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt prepared in the step one into a baked tundish, and then guiding the melt into a vertically or horizontally arranged water-cooled casting roll gap with the same diameter and rotating at the same speed in the opposite direction through a crystallizer pouring channel to obtain a high-solid-solution 6XXX series aluminum alloy cast-rolled blank.
The water-cooling casting roller is made of hard alloy steel, the surface of the water-cooling casting roller is coated with a high-heat-conductivity copper roller sleeve, a circulating water-cooling system is arranged inside the casting roller, and meanwhile, water or gas mist is sprayed on the surface of the casting roller in the process of performing sub-rapid solidification on aluminum alloy melt, so that the surface of the casting roller is kept at a lower temperature.
The cooling rate of the 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt in the roll gap of the water-cooling casting roll reaches more than 80 ℃/s, and the method belongs to the sub-rapid solidification range.
In the conventional solidification process flow, the cooling speed of the aluminum alloy is relatively slow, generally about 10 ℃/s; because the cooling speed of the melt is low, the casting blank is easy to generate micro segregation and macro segregation, and a large amount of coarse eutectic phase structures are formed. The non-uniform chemical composition and structure of the 6XXX series aluminum alloy can seriously affect the forming performance of a finished product and the like. In order to improve the chemical composition and structure uniformity of the 6XXX series aluminum alloy, the casting blank is required to be subjected to homogenization heat treatment, the homogenization heat treatment temperature is generally higher than 500 ℃, the temperature is kept for several to tens of hours, the energy consumption is greatly increased, the production period is prolonged, and low-cost, high-efficiency and green production cannot be realized. By adopting a sub-rapid solidification technology, the cooling rate of the melt can be greatly improved, and on one hand, segregation and precipitation of solute atoms can be inhibited in the solidification process, so that the segregation phenomenon is eliminated or relieved; on the other hand, after the cooling rate is increased, the quantity of eutectic phases in the cast-rolled blank is reduced, the size is reduced, the net of the primary dendrite is broken and crushed, and the high solid solution solidification structure refinement is realized. The invention adopts a high-heat-conductivity water-cooling or gas-spray cooling copper-sheathed casting roll to perform sub-rapid solidification on the smelted 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt to prepare the high-solid-solution cast-rolling blank, and the cooling rate is not lower than 80 ℃/s during the period from pouring to beginning solidification. Through sub-rapid solidification, a high-solid-content casting and rolling blank with uniform chemical components and microstructures is obtained, the homogenization heat treatment and hot rolling procedures can be omitted, the process flow is shortened, the production cost is greatly reduced, the production period is shortened, and high-efficiency, low-cost and green production is realized.
Preferably, the thickness of the high solid solution cast-rolled blank is controlled to be 3-15mm to achieve a higher cooling rate.
Step three, carrying out multi-pass cold rolling on the high solid solution 6XXX series aluminum alloy cast-rolled blank to a specified thickness to obtain an aluminum alloy cold-rolled plate; the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) milling the head of the high solid solution 6XXX series aluminum alloy cast-rolled blank prepared in the step two to remove surface defects;
(2) carrying out 2-4-pass large reduction cold rolling on the high solid solution 6XXX series aluminum alloy cast-rolled blank subjected to head cutting and face milling under the condition that the rotation speed of a roller is less than 10 m/min, wherein the reduction rate of each single pass is 20-25%, so that the thickness of the 6XXX series aluminum alloy cold-rolled plate is quickly reduced;
(3) under the condition that the rotation speed of a roller is 10-20 m/min, carrying out 3-5 times of small reduction cold rolling, wherein the reduction of each single pass is 10% -15%, and further refining the grain size of the 6XXX series aluminum alloy cold-rolled plate;
and (3) obtaining the 6XXX series aluminum alloy cold-rolled sheet with the total reduction rate of more than 70% after the multi-pass cold rolling.
Step four, carrying out solution heat treatment on the 6XXX series aluminum alloy cold-rolled sheet, and then carrying out quenching treatment to obtain a 6XXX series aluminum alloy cold-rolled sheet in a T4 state;
the solution treatment can be carried out on the 6XXX series aluminum alloy cold-rolled sheet by adopting continuous solution annealing treatment or bell-type furnace solution annealing treatment; the temperature of the solution heat treatment is 480-580 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 10-120 min; and then, carrying out quenching treatment on the 6XXX series aluminum alloy cold-rolled sheet subjected to the solution heat treatment, wherein the quenching medium is water, and obtaining the 6XXX series aluminum alloy cold-rolled sheet in a T4 state.
In another embodiment, according to the difference of the precipitation temperature of the residual phase in the 6XXX series aluminum alloy cold-rolled sheet, a low-temperature-high-temperature staged heat treatment mode is adopted: heating to 480-520 ℃ low-temperature range, and preserving heat for 5-60 minutes to make the residual phase with lower precipitation temperature solid-dissolved in the matrix; then heating to the high temperature range of 550 plus 580 ℃, preserving the heat for 5-60 minutes to make the residual phase with higher precipitation temperature solid-dissolved in the matrix, and then rapidly carrying out water-cooling quenching to form a supersaturated solid solution.
The 6XXX series aluminum alloy cold-rolled structure prepared by the invention inherits the thinning characteristic of a sub-rapid solidification structure on one hand, and has fine and dispersed precipitated phases on the other hand because of being regulated and controlled by multi-pass cold rolling, thereby being beneficial to being fully dissolved in an aluminum matrix during solution treatment. Therefore, the T4 state 6XXX series aluminum alloy cold-rolled sheet has less residual precipitated phases in the structure, lower yield strength (less than or equal to 100MPa), good uniform elongation (more than or equal to 25 percent), excellent forming performance and capability of meeting the processing requirements of products in different shapes. After further stamping and deep processing and aging heat treatment at 170 ℃ for 30min, namely the yield strength of the 6XXX series aluminum alloy in the T6 state is not lower than 220MPa, the use requirement of deformation resistance is met, and the 6XXX series aluminum alloy prepared by the method has good aging hardening effect.
Example 1
Preparing a 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt, wherein the prepared 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.1% of Si, 0.1% of Fe, 0.05% of Cu, 0.05% of Mn, 0.8% of Mg, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities; the method comprises the following steps of performing sub-rapid solidification on a 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt, then performing cold rolling on a cast-rolled blank after eliminating defects, and performing solution treatment after the cold rolling. The specific process parameters are shown in Table 1, and the state properties of the prepared 6XXX series aluminum alloy T4 are shown in Table 2. The aluminum alloys were artificially aged (170 ℃, 30min) to simulate downstream processes, and the temper performance and age hardening effect (yield strength increase) of the 6XXX series aluminum alloy T6 are shown in table 2.
Example 2
Preparing a 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt, wherein the prepared 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.3% of Si, 0.35% of Fe, 0.01% of Cu, 0.15% of Mn, 0.65% of Mg, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities. The method comprises the following steps of performing sub-rapid solidification on a 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt, then performing cold rolling on a cast-rolled blank after eliminating defects, and performing solution treatment after the cold rolling. The specific process parameters are shown in Table 1, and the state properties of the 6XXX series aluminum alloy T4 are shown in Table 2. The aluminum alloys were artificially aged (170 ℃, 30min) to simulate downstream processes, and the temper performance and age hardening effect (yield strength increase) of the 6XXX series aluminum alloy T6 are shown in table 2.
Example 3
Preparing a 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt, wherein the prepared 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.6% of Si, 0.13% of Fe, 0.15% of Cu, 0.01% of Mn, 0.40% of Mg, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities. And (3) performing sub-rapid solidification on the 6XXX aluminum alloy melt, then performing cold rolling on the cast-rolled blank after eliminating defects, and performing solution treatment after the cold rolling. The specific process parameters are shown in Table 1, and the state properties of the 6XXX series aluminum alloy T4 are shown in Table 2. The aluminum alloys were artificially aged (170 ℃, 30min) to simulate downstream processes, and the temper performance and age hardening effect (yield strength increase) of the 6XXX series aluminum alloy T6 are shown in table 2.
Example 4
Preparing a 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt, wherein the prepared 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.5% of Si, 1.0% of Fe, 0.10% of Cu, 0.03% of Mn, 0.52% of Mg, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities. And (3) performing sub-rapid solidification on the smelted 6XXX aluminum alloy melt, then performing cold rolling on the cast-rolled blank after eliminating defects, and performing solution treatment after the cold rolling. The specific process parameters are shown in Table 1, and the state properties of the 6XXX series aluminum alloy T4 are shown in Table 2. The aluminum alloys were artificially aged (170 ℃, 30min) to simulate downstream processes, and the temper performance and age hardening effect (yield strength increase) of the 6XXX series aluminum alloy T6 are shown in table 2.
Example 5
Preparing a 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt, wherein the prepared 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.3% of Si, 0.7% of Fe, 0.08% of Cu, 0.11% of Mn, 0.63% of Mg, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities. And (3) performing sub-rapid solidification on the 6XXX aluminum alloy melt, then performing cold rolling on the cast-rolled blank after eliminating defects, and performing solution treatment after the cold rolling. The specific process parameters are shown in Table 1, and the state properties of the 6XXX series aluminum alloy T4 are shown in Table 2. The aluminum alloys were artificially aged (170 ℃, 30min) to simulate downstream processes, and the temper performance and age hardening effect (yield strength increase) of the 6XXX series aluminum alloy T6 are shown in table 2.
Example 6
Preparing a 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt, wherein the prepared 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.4% of Si, 0.4% of Fe, 0.01% of Cu, 0.05% of Mn, 0.75% of Mg, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities. And (3) performing sub-rapid solidification on the 6XXX aluminum alloy melt, then performing cold rolling on the cast-rolled blank after eliminating defects, and performing solution treatment after the cold rolling. The specific process parameters are shown in Table 1, and the state properties of the 6XXX series aluminum alloy T4 are shown in Table 2. The aluminum alloys were artificially aged (170 ℃, 30min) to simulate downstream processes, and the temper performance and age hardening effect (yield strength increase) of the 6XXX series aluminum alloy T6 are shown in table 2.
Example 7
Preparing a 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt, wherein the prepared 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.2% of Si, 0.15% of Fe, 0.05% of Cu, 0.07% of Mn, 0.68% of Mg, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities. And (3) performing sub-rapid solidification on the 6XXX aluminum alloy melt, then performing cold rolling on the cast-rolled blank after eliminating defects, and performing solution treatment after the cold rolling. The specific process parameters are shown in Table 1, and the state properties of the 6XXX series aluminum alloy T4 are shown in Table 2. The aluminum alloys were artificially aged (170 ℃, 30min) to simulate downstream processes, and the temper performance and age hardening effect (yield strength increase) of the 6XXX series aluminum alloy T6 are shown in table 2.
Example 8
Preparing a 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt, wherein the prepared 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.4% of Si, 0.60% of Fe, 0.13% of Cu, 0.11% of Mn, 0.88% of Mg, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities. And (3) performing sub-rapid solidification on the 6XXX aluminum alloy melt, then performing cold rolling on the cast-rolled blank after eliminating defects, and performing solution treatment after the cold rolling. The specific process parameters are shown in Table 1, and the state properties of the 6XXX series aluminum alloy T4 are shown in Table 2. The aluminum alloys were artificially aged (170 ℃, 30min) to simulate downstream processes, and the temper performance and age hardening effect (yield strength increase) of the 6XXX series aluminum alloy T6 are shown in table 2.
Comparative example
A 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt was prepared having the same composition as in example 1, i.e., the composition (in mass fraction) of the 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt was: 1.1% of Si, 0.1% of Fe, 0.05% of Cu, 0.05% of Mn, 0.8% of Mg, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities; conventionally solidifying the 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt at a cooling speed of 10 ℃/s, then carrying out homogenization treatment after eliminating defects of the casting blank, carrying out homogenization temperature of 550 ℃, and preserving heat for 120 min. And cold rolling the homogenized casting blank, and then carrying out solution treatment. The specific process parameters are shown in Table 1, and the state properties of the prepared 6XXX series aluminum alloy T4 are shown in Table 2. The aluminum alloys were artificially aged (170 ℃, 30min) to simulate downstream processes, and the temper performance and age hardening effect (yield strength increase) of the 6XXX series aluminum alloy T6 are shown in table 2.
Table 1 example process parameters
TABLE 26 XXX series aluminium rolled sheet Properties
It can be seen from examples 1 to 8 that the 6XXX series aluminum alloy cold-rolled sheet in the T4 state, which is prepared by the method for preparing the 6XXX series aluminum-rolled sheet capable of improving the work formability and the aging strengthening effect, has lower yield strength (<100MPa), good uniform elongation (> 25%), excellent forming performance, and can meet the processing requirements of products in different shapes. After further deep drawing and processing and aging heat treatment at 170 ℃ for 30min, the yield strength of the 6XXX series aluminum alloy in the T6 state is not lower than 220MPa, and the use requirement of deformation resistance is met.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the cast-rolled aluminum alloy structure prepared in example 1 was significantly refined in both grain size and secondary dendrite arm spacing, as compared to the cast-rolled aluminum alloy structure prepared in comparative example (conventional process).
As shown in fig. 3 to 4, when the mechanical properties of the 6XXX series aluminum alloy cold-rolled sheet prepared in example 1 and the 6XXX series aluminum alloy cold-rolled sheet prepared in the comparative example are compared, the yield strength of the 6XXX series aluminum alloy cold-rolled sheet prepared in example 1 is only 85MPa, the uniform elongation reaches 28.5% under the state of T4, and the 6XXX series aluminum alloy cold-rolled sheet has better formability; in the comparative example, the yield strength of the aluminum alloy cold-rolled sheet prepared by the conventional process is 113MPa in the T4 state, and the uniform elongation is only 20%; the 6XXX series aluminum alloy cold-rolled sheet prepared in example 1 had a yield strength of 247MPa and a yield strength increase of 162MPa in the T6 temper; the 6XXX series aluminum alloy cold-rolled sheet prepared in the comparative example has a yield strength of 238MPa and a yield strength increase of 125 MPa; therefore, compared with the conventional process, the 6XXX series aluminum alloy cold-rolled sheet prepared by the preparation method provided by the invention has better processing formability in the T4 state; the 6XXX aluminum alloy prepared by the invention has excellent forming performance and age hardening effect.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. A6 XXX series aluminum rolled plate preparation method capable of improving the processing formability and the aging strengthening effect is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, preparing a 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt;
wherein the 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt comprises the following components: 1.0-1.6% of Si, 0.10-1.0% of Fe, 0.01-0.15% of Cu, 0.01-0.15% of Mn, 0.40-0.90% of Mg, and the balance of Al and impurities;
secondly, guiding the 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt into a roll gap of a water-cooling casting roll for sub-rapid solidification to obtain a high-solid-solution 6XXX series aluminum alloy cast-rolled blank;
step three, carrying out multi-pass cold rolling on the high solid solution 6XXX series aluminum alloy cast-rolled blank to a specified thickness to obtain an aluminum alloy cold-rolled plate;
step four, carrying out solution heat treatment on the aluminum alloy cold-rolled sheet, and then carrying out quenching treatment to obtain a 6XXX series aluminum alloy cold-rolled sheet in a T4 state;
in the second step, the water-cooled casting roller is made of hard alloy steel, the surface of the water-cooled casting roller is coated with a high-heat-conductivity copper roller sleeve, and a circulating water cooling system is arranged inside the water-cooled casting roller;
spraying water or cooling gas mist on the surface of the casting roller in the process of performing sub-rapid solidification on the aluminum alloy melt;
in the third step, the high solid solution 6XXX series aluminum alloy cast-rolled blank is subjected to multiple cold rolling, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, carrying out 2-4 times of large reduction cold rolling on the 6XXX series aluminum alloy cast-rolled blank at a first rolling speed, wherein the reduction of each single pass is 20-25%;
step 2, performing 3-5 times of small reduction cold rolling at a second rolling speed, wherein the reduction of each single pass is 10% -15%;
the method of the solution heat treatment comprises the following steps:
heating the aluminum alloy cold-rolled sheet to 480-520 ℃, and preserving heat for 5-60 minutes; heating to 550-580 deg.C, and keeping the temperature for 5-60 min.
2. The method for preparing a 6XXX series aluminum rolled plate capable of improving the work formability and the aging strengthening effect according to claim 1, wherein in the step one, a 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt is prepared, comprising the steps of:
step 1, melting commercial pure aluminum at the temperature of 750-;
step 2, carrying out slag removal treatment on the pure aluminum melt, and preserving heat within the range of 680-720 ℃;
step 3, after degassing and refining treatment, respectively adding Al-Si alloy, Al-Mn alloy, Al-Cu alloy and pure Fe powder within the temperature range of 680-sand-doped 720 ℃, and preserving heat;
and 4, degassing and refining, adding pure Mg powder within the temperature range of 680-720 ℃, and preserving the temperature for 10-15 minutes to obtain the 6XXX series aluminum alloy melt.
3. The method of producing a 6XXX series aluminum rolled sheet having improved work formability and age-hardening effect as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first rolling speed is less than 10 m/min; the second rolling speed is 10-20 m/min.
4. The method for producing a 6XXX series aluminum rolled plate capable of improving work formability and age hardening effect according to claim 3, wherein water is used as a quenching medium in the fourth step.
5. The method for preparing a 6XXX series aluminum rolled plate capable of improving the work formability and the aging strengthening effect according to claim 1 or 4, further comprising the step of performing face milling on the high solid solution 6XXX series aluminum alloy cast-rolled blank to remove surface defects before the step three.
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| CN111850351A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-10-30 | 吉林大学 | Method for preparing high-elongation cast-rolling Al-Mn series aluminum alloy plate blank |
| CN111761036B (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2022-03-01 | 甘肃东兴铝业有限公司 | Casting and rolling method for 6xxx series aluminum alloy plate for automobile |
| CN114107749B (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2022-10-21 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | 6XXX aluminum alloy thin strip and preparation method thereof |
| CN112501481B (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-12-14 | 吉林大学 | Al-Mg-Si alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN112522553B (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2022-01-25 | 吉林大学 | High-performance Al-Mg-Si alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN113528902B (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2022-08-02 | 广东华昌集团有限公司 | High-strength high-conductivity wrought aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN113862534B (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2022-07-29 | 上海交通大学 | Method for regulating and controlling tissue inheritance of aluminum alloy material and method for preparing 7085 aluminum alloy thick plate |
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