CN112501481B - Al-Mg-Si alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Al-Mg-Si alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/05—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys of the Al-Si-Mg type, i.e. containing silicon and magnesium in approximately equal proportions
Abstract
The invention relates to an Al-Mg-Si alloy and a preparation method thereof. The components by mass percentage are as follows: 0.15-1.0 wt.% of magnesium, 0.9-1.5 wt.% of silicon, 0.1-0.5 wt.% of iron, 0-0.2 wt.% of manganese, 0-0.2 wt.% of calcium, less than or equal to 0.05 wt.% of inevitable impurities, and the balance of aluminum. The preparation method of the alloy comprises the following steps: alloy smelting, sub-rapid solidification, homogenization treatment, rotary cold rolling and fine annealing treatment, wherein the rotary cold rolling process comprises 4-12 cold rolling passes, each cold rolling pass rotates by 30-90 degrees, and the total reduction is 75-90 percent; the fine annealing treatment adopts a water quenching process after gradual temperature rise and heat preservation and discharging, and the grain size of the alloy is still uniformly distributed after high-temperature solution treatment after the Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy is rolled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal materials, and particularly relates to a high-performance Al-Mg-Si alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The conventional Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy adopts the conventional solidification process (solidification speed)<102K/s), long-time homogenization treatment and hot rolling process are required, and the production cost and the energy consumption of heat treatment are relatively high, so that the production cost of the aluminum alloy needs to be further reduced. Sub-rapid solidification with higher cooling rate (10)2～103K/s) can remarkably promote the structure refinement and improve the component segregation, thereby shortening the homogenization time and omitting the hot rolling process. The sub-rapid process has the characteristics of obviously shortening the process flow, improving the production efficiency and reducing the cost and the energy consumption, and becomes one of the development directions of the Al-Mg-Si alloy plate for the automobile body.
However, due to the high solidification cooling rate, the Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy prepared by the sub-rapid solidification has a high proportion of elongated {001} oriented columnar crystals in the cast structure, and the solid solution structure after rolling has stronger rotating cubic texture crystal grain ({001} <310>) clusters due to the texture inheritance. The {001} <310> crystal grain cluster has high mobility, so the crystal grain cluster has growth advantage in solution treatment after rolling, abnormal growth is easy to occur after second phase particles are dissolved, the maximum size of the crystal grain can reach several millimeters, the mechanical property, the formability and the fatigue property of the plate are seriously reduced, the solution treatment window after rolling is narrow, and further the reduction of baking response during artificial aging is caused, so the application in industrial production is difficult. Therefore, developing a low-cost, simple and feasible method for inhibiting abnormal growth of Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy grains in the sub-rapid solidification is very important for popularizing the process for preparing Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy in the sub-rapid solidification short process.
At present, the main method for inhibiting the abnormal growth of crystal grains is to introduce second phase particles which can pin crystal boundaries, are not easy to coarsen or dissolve at high temperature and further lose the pinning effect. In addition, elements such as Ti, Zr, Sc and Cr are introduced by an alloying method, and although certain effects can be achieved, the cost is high, and the large-scale application is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide the Al-Mg-Si alloy and the preparation method thereof, and the preparation method effectively inhibits abnormal growth of crystal grains in the solution treatment process after the rolling of the subfast solidification Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an Al-Mg-Si alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.15-1.0 wt.% of magnesium, 0.9-1.5 wt.% of silicon, 0.1-0.5 wt.% of iron, 0-0.2 wt.% of manganese, 0-0.2 wt.% of calcium, the total amount of unavoidable impurities being less than or equal to 0.05%, and the balance being aluminum.
The preparation method of the Al-Mg-Si alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) under the protection of argon, sequentially adding a pure aluminum ingot, an aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy, iron powder and pure magnesium into a smelting furnace, heating and melting at 750 ℃, and preserving heat for 10-35min after the raw materials are stirred and melted to obtain an alloy melt;
(2) pouring the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) into a water-cooled copper mold with a sub-rapid solidification function to obtain an alloy casting blank with the thickness of 1-10 mm;
(3) homogenizing the alloy casting blank obtained in the step (2) at the temperature of 500-580 ℃ for 0.5-3h, and performing rotary cold rolling for 4-12 times to obtain a rolled plate, wherein the rotation of each time is 30-90 degrees, and the total reduction is 75-90 percent;
(4) and (4) heating the rolled plate obtained in the step (3) to 100-350 ℃ at a heating rate of 20-100 ℃/h, preserving the heat for 0.5-3h, and then performing water quenching to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy rolled plate.
Further, in the preparation method of the Al-Mg-Si alloy, the thickness of the casting blank in the step (2) is 3-8 mm.
Further, in the preparation method of the Al-Mg-Si alloy, the alloy casting blank in the step (3) is homogenized for 1-2h at the temperature of 520-560 ℃.
Further, in the preparation method of the Al-Mg-Si alloy, the alloy casting blank in the step (3) is subjected to 6-10 times of rotary cold rolling.
Further, in the preparation method of the Al-Mg-Si alloy, the rotation of each pass in the step (3) is 40-80 degrees.
Further, in the preparation method of the Al-Mg-Si alloy, the total reduction in the step (3) is 80-90%.
Further, in the preparation method of the Al-Mg-Si alloy, the temperature rise rate in the step (4) is 50-100 ℃/h.
Further, in the preparation method of the Al-Mg-Si alloy, the heating temperature in the step (4) is 200-350 ℃.
Further, in the preparation method of the Al-Mg-Si alloy, the heat preservation time in the step (4) is 0.8-2 h.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the rotary cold rolling adopted by the invention can obtain anisotropy for weakening the orientation of crystal grains, reduce the quantity of {001} <310> crystal grain clusters which are easy to grow abnormally, and achieve the purpose of inhibiting the abnormal growth of the crystal grains.
2. The invention adds a fine annealing process after rolling, and can precipitate a large amount of disperse phases on the subgrain boundary before recrystallization. When the deformed structure is recrystallized, the formation of the texture is changed by the pre-existing precipitated phase, so that the {001} <310> oriented crystal grains are not easy to form preferentially, and the {001} <310> texture is weakened. The {001} <310> texture is weakened, so that the anisotropy of grain boundary mobility of crystal grains in the structure is weakened, and when the grain boundary mobility of the crystal grains in the plate structure is close to that of the crystal grains, the second phase particles can grow normally after being dissolved in the solid solution treatment after rolling, so that the purpose of inhibiting abnormal growth is achieved.
3. After Mn and Ca elements are added, the formed dispersed phase containing Mn and Ca elements can pin dislocation slippage and sub-crystal rotation, so that the grain boundary mobility is reduced, coarsening or dissolution and loss of pinning effects are not easy to occur at high temperature, abnormal growth of crystal grains is inhibited, and the inhibition effect on the abnormal growth of the crystal grains is further improved.
4. After the alloy prepared by the method is rolled, the grain size is uniform after high-temperature solution treatment, and the alloy has a lognormal distribution relation.
Drawings
FIG. 1: FIGS. 1(a) and (b) are respectively a polarized structure and a grain size distribution diagram of a sub-rapid solidification Al-Mg-Si-based alloy prepared in a comparative example after solution treatment;
FIG. 2: FIGS. 2(a) and (b) are a polarized structure and a grain size distribution diagram of the sub-rapid solidification Al-Mg-Si alloy prepared in example 6 after solution treatment, respectively.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The Al-Mg-Si-Fe alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.45 percent of Mg; 1.25 percent of Si; 0.11 percent of Fe; the balance is the total of inevitable impurity elements less than or equal to 0.05 percent; the balance of Al; the preparation method of the Al-Mg-Si-Fe alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) under the protection of argon, 99.98 percent of industrial pure aluminum ingot, aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy, iron powder and pure magnesium are sequentially added into a smelting furnace to be heated and melted at the temperature of 750 ℃, and after the raw materials are stirred and melted, the temperature is kept for 20min to obtain an alloy melt;
(2) pouring the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) into a water-cooled copper mold with a sub-rapid solidification function to obtain an alloy casting blank with the thickness of 5 mm;
(3) homogenizing the alloy casting blank obtained in the step (2) at 510 ℃ for 1.8h, and then performing 6-pass rotary cold rolling to obtain a rolled plate, wherein each pass rotates by 60 degrees, and the total reduction is 80%;
(4) and (4) heating the rolled plate obtained in the step (3) to 300 ℃ at a heating rate of 100 ℃/h, preserving heat for 1h, and then performing water quenching to obtain the Al-Mg-Si-Fe alloy rolled plate.
Example 2
The Al-Mg-Si-Fe-Mn alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.48 percent of Mg; 1.15 percent of Si; 0.14 percent of Fe; 0.05 percent of Mn; the balance is the total of inevitable impurity elements less than or equal to 0.05 percent; the balance of Al; the preparation method of the Al-Mg-Si-Fe-Mn alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) under the protection of argon, 99.98 percent of industrial pure aluminum ingot, aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy, aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy, iron powder and pure magnesium are sequentially added into a smelting furnace to be heated and melted at the temperature of 750 ℃, and after the raw materials are stirred and melted, the temperature is kept for 22min to obtain an alloy melt;
(2) pouring the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) into a water-cooled copper mold with a sub-rapid solidification function to obtain an alloy casting blank with the thickness of 5 mm;
(3) homogenizing the alloy casting blank obtained in the step (2) at 530 ℃ for 1.5h, and then performing 6-pass rotary cold rolling to obtain a rolled plate, wherein each pass rotates by 40 degrees, and the total reduction is 82%;
(4) and (4) heating the rolled plate obtained in the step (3) to 150 ℃ at a heating rate of 20 ℃/h, preserving heat for 2h, and then performing water quenching to obtain the Al-Mg-Si-Fe-Mn alloy rolled plate.
Example 3
The Al-Mg-Si-Fe alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.76 percent of Mg; 1.50 percent of Si; 0.50 percent of Fe; the balance is the total of inevitable impurity elements less than or equal to 0.05 percent; the balance of Al; the preparation method of the Al-Mg-Si-Fe alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) under the protection of argon, sequentially adding 99.98% of industrial pure aluminum ingot, aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy, iron powder and pure magnesium into a smelting furnace, heating and melting at 750 ℃, and after the raw materials are stirred and melted, preserving heat for 24min to obtain an alloy melt;
(2) pouring the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) into a water-cooled copper mold with a sub-rapid solidification function to obtain an alloy casting blank with the thickness of 3 mm;
(3) homogenizing the alloy casting blank obtained in the step (2) at 530 ℃ for 0.5h, and then performing 4-pass rotary cold rolling to obtain a rolled plate, wherein each pass is rotated by 90 degrees, and the total reduction is 79 percent;
(4) and (4) heating the rolled plate obtained in the step (3) to 350 ℃ at the heating rate of 30 ℃/h, preserving the heat for 1h, and then performing water quenching to obtain the Al-Mg-Si-Fe alloy rolled plate.
Example 4
The Al-Mg-Si-Fe-Mn alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.40 percent of Mg; 1.30 percent of Si; 0.14 percent of Fe; 0.20 percent of Mn; the balance is the total of inevitable impurity elements less than or equal to 0.05 percent; the balance of Al; the preparation method of the Al-Mg-Si-Fe-Mn alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) under the protection of argon, sequentially adding 99.98% of industrial pure aluminum ingot, aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy, iron powder, aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy and pure magnesium into a smelting furnace, heating and melting at 750 ℃, and preserving heat for 25min after the raw materials are stirred and melted to obtain an alloy melt;
(2) pouring the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) into a water-cooled copper mold with a sub-rapid solidification function to obtain an alloy casting blank with the thickness of 8 mm;
(3) homogenizing the alloy casting blank obtained in the step (2) at 550 ℃ for 1h, performing 8-pass rotary cold rolling to obtain a rolled plate, wherein each pass rotates by 45 degrees, and the total reduction is 81 percent;
(4) and (4) heating the rolled plate obtained in the step (3) to 150 ℃ at a heating rate of 20 ℃/h, preserving heat for 2h, and then performing water quenching to obtain the Al-Mg-Si-Fe-Mn alloy rolled plate.
Example 5
The Al-Mg-Si-Fe alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.25 percent of Mg; 1.12 percent of Si; 0.14 percent of Fe; the balance is the total of inevitable impurity elements less than or equal to 0.05 percent; the balance of Al; the preparation method of the Al-Mg-Si-Fe alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) under the protection of argon, sequentially adding 99.98% of industrial pure aluminum ingot, aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy, iron powder and pure magnesium into a smelting furnace, heating and melting at 750 ℃, and preserving heat for 25min to obtain an alloy melt after the raw materials are stirred and melted;
(2) pouring the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) into a water-cooled copper mold with a sub-rapid solidification function to obtain an alloy casting blank with the thickness of 8 mm;
(3) homogenizing the alloy casting blank obtained in the step (2) at 560 ℃ for 1h, and then performing 12-pass rotary cold rolling to obtain a rolled plate, wherein each pass is rotated by 30 degrees, and the total reduction is 85 percent;
(4) and (4) heating the rolled plate obtained in the step (3) to 150 ℃ at a heating rate of 20 ℃/h, preserving heat for 2h, and then performing water quenching to obtain the Al-Mg-Si-Fe alloy rolled plate.
Example 6
The Al-Mg-Si-Fe-Ca alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.45 percent of Mg; 1.10 percent of Si; 0.13 percent of Fe; 0.05 percent of Ca; the balance is the total of inevitable impurity elements less than or equal to 0.05 percent; the balance of Al; the preparation method of the Al-Mg-Si-Fe-Ca alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) under the protection of argon, sequentially adding 99.98% of industrial pure aluminum ingot, aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy, magnesium-calcium intermediate alloy, iron powder and pure magnesium into a smelting furnace, heating and melting at 750 ℃, and preserving heat for 23min after the raw materials are stirred and melted to obtain an alloy melt;
(2) pouring the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) into a water-cooled copper mold with a sub-rapid solidification function to obtain an alloy casting blank with the thickness of 6 mm;
(3) homogenizing the alloy casting blank obtained in the step (2) at 560 ℃ for 1h, performing 5-pass rotary cold rolling to obtain a rolled plate, wherein each pass is rotated by 90 degrees, and the total reduction is 80 percent;
(4) and (4) heating the rolled plate obtained in the step (3) to 310 ℃ at a heating rate of 60 ℃/h, preserving heat for 0.8h, and then performing water quenching to obtain the Al-Mg-Si-Fe-Ca alloy rolled plate.
Example 7
The Al-Mg-Si-Fe-Ca alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.68 percent of Mg; 1.03 percent of Si; 0.17 percent of Fe; 0.20 percent of Ca; the balance is the total of inevitable impurity elements less than or equal to 0.05 percent; the balance of Al; the preparation method of the Al-Mg-Si-Fe-Ca alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) under the protection of argon, sequentially adding 99.98% of industrial pure aluminum ingot, aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy, aluminum-calcium intermediate alloy, iron powder and pure magnesium into a smelting furnace, heating and melting at 750 ℃, and preserving heat for 25min to obtain an alloy melt after the raw materials are stirred and melted;
(2) pouring the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) into a water-cooled copper mold with a sub-rapid solidification function to obtain an alloy casting blank with the thickness of 5 mm;
(3) homogenizing the alloy casting blank obtained in the step (2) at 510 ℃ for 1h, performing 8-pass rotary cold rolling to obtain a rolled plate, wherein each pass is rotated by 90 degrees, and the total reduction is 81 percent;
(4) and (4) heating the rolled plate obtained in the step (3) to 250 ℃ at a heating rate of 50 ℃/h, preserving heat for 2h, and then performing water quenching to obtain the Al-Mg-Si-Fe-Ca alloy rolled plate.
Example 8
The Al-Mg-Si-Fe-Ca-Mn alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.60 percent of Mg; 0.90 percent of Si; 0.24 percent of Fe; 0.20 percent of Ca; 0.05 percent of Mn and the balance of inevitable impurity elements less than or equal to 0.05 percent; the balance of Al; the preparation method of the Al-Mg-Si-Fe-Ca-Mn alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) under the protection of argon, 99.98 percent of industrial pure aluminum ingot, aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy, aluminum-calcium intermediate alloy, aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy, iron powder and pure magnesium are sequentially added into a smelting furnace to be heated and melted at the temperature of 750 ℃, and after the raw materials are stirred and melted, the temperature is kept for 22min to obtain an alloy melt;
(2) pouring the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) into a water-cooled copper mold with a sub-rapid solidification function to obtain an alloy casting blank with the thickness of 5 mm;
(3) homogenizing the alloy casting blank obtained in the step (2) at 540 ℃ for 1h, performing 8-pass rotary cold rolling to obtain a rolled plate, wherein each pass is rotated by 90 degrees, and the total reduction is 82 percent;
(4) and (4) heating the rolled plate obtained in the step (3) to 250 ℃ at a heating rate of 50 ℃/h, preserving heat for 2h, and then performing water quenching to obtain the Al-Mg-Si-Fe-Ca-Mn alloy rolled plate.
Comparative example
The Al-Mg-Si-Fe-Ca alloy casting blank obtained in the step (2) in the embodiment 6 is homogenized at 560 ℃ for 1h, and then is subjected to 5 times of unidirectional cold rolling to obtain an Al-Mg-Si-Fe-Ca alloy rolling plate, wherein the total reduction is 80%.
Comparing the Al-Mg-Si-Fe-Ca alloy rolled sheet obtained in the step (4) of example 6 with the Al-Mg-Si-Fe-Ca alloy rolled sheet obtained in the above comparative example after solution treatment at 550 ℃ for 15min, FIG. 1(a) is a diagram showing a polarized structure of the Al-Mg-Si-Fe-Ca alloy rolled sheet prepared in the comparative example at 550 ℃ for 15min, and it can be seen that: compared with the prior art, a large amount of abnormal large-size grains are generated after the solution treatment; FIG. 2(a) is a diagram showing the polarized structure of the Al-Mg-Si-Fe-Ca alloy rolled sheet obtained in example 6, which was subjected to solution heat treatment at 550 ℃ for 15min, and it can be seen that: the grain size distribution is relatively uniform, and no large-size grains are generated; table 1 shows the comparison of mechanical properties of the Al-Mg-Si-Fe-Ca alloy rolled sheets prepared in example 6 and the comparative example after solution treatment for 15min, and it can be seen that: the mechanical properties of the Al-Mg-Si-Fe-Ca alloy rolled sheet obtained in example 6 after solution treatment are obviously superior to those of the comparative example. It can be seen from FIG. 2(b) that the crystal grain size of the Al-Mg-Si-Fe-Ca alloy rolled sheet obtained in example 6 after solution treatment shows a log-normal distribution, while it can be seen from FIG. 1(b) that the crystal grain size of the Al-Mg-Si-Fe-Ca alloy rolled sheet obtained in comparative example after solution treatment does not conform to the log-normal distribution, thereby showing that the preparation method of the present invention effectively suppresses the occurrence of abnormal crystal grain growth in solution treatment after rolling of a sub-rapid solidification Al-Mg-Si alloy and solves the problem of narrow window of solution treatment after rolling, and is suitable for industrial production.
TABLE 1 comparison of mechanical properties of Al-Mg-Si-Fe-Ca alloy rolled sheets prepared in example 6 and comparative example after 15min solution treatment
| Tensile strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) | |
| Example 6 | 240±5 | 34±2 |
| Comparative example | 215±4 | 25±3 |
Claims (9)
1. An Al-Mg-Si alloy characterized by: the alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.15-1.0 wt.% of magnesium, 0.9-1.5 wt.% of silicon, 0.1-0.5 wt.% of iron, 0-0.2 wt.% of manganese, 0-0.2 wt.% of calcium, the total amount of inevitable impurities being less than or equal to 0.05%, and the balance being aluminum; the preparation method of the Al-Mg-Si alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) under the protection of argon, sequentially adding a pure aluminum ingot, an aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy, iron powder and pure magnesium into a smelting furnace, heating and melting at 750 ℃, and preserving heat for 10-35min after the raw materials are stirred and melted to obtain an alloy melt;
(2) pouring the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) into a water-cooled copper mold with a sub-rapid solidification function to obtain an alloy casting blank with the thickness of 1-10 mm;
(3) homogenizing the alloy casting blank obtained in the step (2) at the temperature of 500-580 ℃ for 0.5-3h, and performing rotary cold rolling for 4-12 times to obtain a rolled plate, wherein the rotation of each time is 30-90 degrees, and the total reduction is 75-90 percent;
(4) and (4) heating the rolled plate obtained in the step (3) to 100-350 ℃ at a heating rate of 20-100 ℃/h, preserving heat for 0.5-3h, and then performing water quenching to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy rolled plate.
2. The Al-Mg-Si alloy according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the casting blank in the step (2) is 3-8 mm.
3. The Al-Mg-Si alloy according to claim 1, wherein: homogenizing the alloy casting blank in the step (3) at the temperature of 520 ℃ and 560 ℃ for 1-2 h.
4. The Al-Mg-Si alloy according to claim 1, wherein: and (4) carrying out 6-10 times of rotary cold rolling on the alloy casting blank in the step (3).
5. The Al-Mg-Si alloy according to claim 1, wherein: and (4) rotating each pass in the step (3) by 40-80 degrees.
6. The Al-Mg-Si alloy according to claim 1, wherein: and (4) the total reduction amount in the step (3) is 80-90%.
7. The Al-Mg-Si alloy according to claim 1, wherein: and (4) the heating rate is 50-100 ℃/h.
8. The Al-Mg-Si alloy according to claim 1, wherein: and (4) heating to 200-350 ℃.
9. The Al-Mg-Si alloy according to claim 1, wherein: and (4) keeping the temperature for 0.8-2 h.
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