CN108994057A - A method of reducing content of beary metal in sunflower seed - Google Patents
A method of reducing content of beary metal in sunflower seed Download PDFInfo
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- CN108994057A CN108994057A CN201810729126.0A CN201810729126A CN108994057A CN 108994057 A CN108994057 A CN 108994057A CN 201810729126 A CN201810729126 A CN 201810729126A CN 108994057 A CN108994057 A CN 108994057A
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- Prior art keywords
- sunflower
- charcoal
- content
- heavy
- metal
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of content of beary metal in reduction sunflower seed, and charcoal is added in heavy-metal contaminated soil, mixes, plants sunflower；The content of beary metal in sunflower seed can be reduced after sunflower is mature.Lead, cadmium and the arsenic content accumulated in the reduction field sunflower seed that the present invention can be extremely significant by applying charcoal.Compared with not applying charcoal, the content of the heavy metals such as lead, cadmium and arsenic in sunflower seed is significantly reduced, and declines about 80%, 40%, 50% respectively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods of content of beary metal in reduction sunflower seed, in particular to reduction sunflower seed
The method of Pb, Cd, As content.
Background technique
The industrial activities such as mineral exploration and exploitation, smelting and the chemical industry in Hunan Province promote local economic development, but due to mining
With waste water, the waste residue and depositing dust is below standard or unprocessed direct emission in smelting, water body around Xiangjiang River basin, deposition are caused
Object, soil and crops enter human body by serious heavy metal pollution, and by soil-crop-food migration pattern,
To endanger the health of people and the sustainable development of society.Therefore, the improvement and reparation of heavy-metal contaminated soil are to carve not
Hold slow problem.
The actual effect of Phytoremediation of Soils Contaminated by Heavy Metals depends on the biomass and its accumulation heavy metal of plant itself
Ability.Reported heavy metal super-enriched plant usually has many characteristics, such as that growth cycle length, slow growth, biomass are low, sternly
Restrict the efficiency and popularization and application of the pollution of its repairing heavy metal in soil again.Therefore, numerous scholars increasingly pay close attention to screening and training
Educate that biomass is big, growth rapidly, and has the plant of stronger accumulation ability to heavy metal.Sunflower is a kind of 1 year raw biology
Amount is big, grows rapid herbaceous plant, and is easy to mechanized harvest.Studies have shown that sunflower has very strong tolerance to heavy metal
Property, stalk accumulates the heavy metals such as Pb, Cu, U by complexing and the modes such as ion exchange, and the Pb accumulated in root and cauline leaf distinguishes
Up to 109 721.70mgkg-1、1 965.98mg·kg-1；Cu is respectively up in the accumulation of root and cauline leaf
20983.64mg·kg-1、6148.58mg·kg-1.By applying the energy one such as chelating agent, plant hormone, or improvement fertilizer application formula
Determine to enhance accumulation and transfer ability of the sunflower to heavy metal in degree.Sunflower is a kind of important industrial crops (oil in China
Material and snacks) heavy metal accumulates in sunflower plant body, especially accumulate food-safe constituting great prestige in seed
The side of body.Sunflower is not only related with plant itself quality to the ability of Heavy Metal Accumulation and transfer, and actual certainly with its periphery
Right ecological environment is related.The research achievement about sunflower accumulation heavy metal is mostly in solution culture or greenhouse at present
Soil potted plant experiment, but without direct field trial；And its research achievement is mostly to enhance sunflower to tire out heavy metal
Product ability.This is totally unfavorable to the grain and oil in China, food safety.Thus, application need further to study with popularization
With textual criticism.In recent years, relatively more as the research report of soil conditioner rehabilitating soil using charcoal (Biochar).This reality
It tests project and applies certain mass percent by planting the heavy-metal contaminated soil of sunflower to Hengyang, Hunan Province Shuikoushan mining area
Biological original charcoal, carries out the improvement of contaminated soil, to reduce the heavy metal (lead, cadmium, arsenic) of field sunflower plant accumulation
Content, and the double effect of secondary pollution is not brought.
Summary of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that being, someone is by applying chelating agent, plant hormone, or improvement fertilizer application formula at present
With plantation sunflower mode renovation of heavy metal polluted soil with combined, but cause sunflower accumulate content of beary metal sharply rise
Height seriously threatens grain and oil, food safety.The present invention is directed to improve soil by modifying agent, reach reduction heavy-metal contaminated soil
The purpose of lead, cadmium and arsenic content that middle oil crops sunflower seed intragranular is accumulated.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an a kind of utilization charcoal reduction industrial crops sunflower seed accumulation huge sum of money
The method for belonging to (lead, cadmium, arsenic) content, solves problems of the prior art.
The technical scheme is that a kind of method for reducing content of beary metal in sunflower seed is provided, in heavy metal
Charcoal is added in contaminated soil, mixes, plants sunflower；The huge sum of money in sunflower seed can be reduced after sunflower is mature
Belong to content.
Preferably, the heavy metal is lead, cadmium and/or arsenic.
Preferably, the charcoal is lichee wood charcoal.
Preferably, the additive amount of the charcoal is the 2%-30% of heavy-metal contaminated soil total weight.
Preferably, the additive amount of the charcoal is the 8%-20% of heavy-metal contaminated soil total weight.
Preferably, by sunflower seeds or seedling cultivation in applying the heavy-metal contaminated soil after charcoal.
Preferably, the mesh number of the charcoal is 20-120 mesh.
Preferably, in the heavy-metal contaminated soil, the content of heavy metal is 0.15mgkg-1More than.
In the prior art, Helianthus is in heavy metal accumulation plant.After applicant is enabled it was unexpected that adding charcoal,
The content of beary metal that can be substantially reduced in sunflower crop kernel.It is analyzed by preliminary test, for its of sunflower crop
His position (such as stem, leaf), the content of heavy metal is not reduced, or even the position content having is promoted.It needs to illustrate
It is that heavy metal of the invention includes arsenic.
The invention has the advantages that the present invention is by applying in the extremely significant reduction field sunflower seed of charcoal energy
Lead, cadmium and the arsenic content of accumulation.Compared with not applying charcoal, the content of the heavy metals such as lead, cadmium and arsenic in sunflower seed
It significantly reduces, declines about 80%, 40%, 50% respectively.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shows the effect pictures that charcoal reduces Pb content in sunflower seed.
Fig. 2 indicates that charcoal reduces the effect picture of Cd content in sunflower seed.
Fig. 3 indicates that charcoal reduces the effect picture of As content in sunflower seed.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Heavy metal pollution of soil regional testing cell: area is 1m × 1m；
Sunflower: kind is three eyebrows；
Charcoal: lichee reality powdered carbon (50 mesh)；
HNO3: excellent pure grade；
HClO4: excellent pure grade；
Inductive coupling plasma emission spectrograph: Thermo Fisher, iCAP6300DUO；
Experimental plot is selected in hengyang, hunan province city Shuikoushan mining area, 113 ° 38 ' of east longitude, 26 ° 30 ' of north latitude, height above sea level 185m；Belong to
Subtropical zone monsoon moist climate, 19.0 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year, the monthly average highest temperature is 32.7 DEG C (July), the minimum gas of monthly average
Temperature is 5.1 DEG C (December), and 1400~1700mm of rainfall is accumulated in annual.Shuikoushan town is known as the laudatory title of " International Lead is all ", ground
Under be richly stored with the 20 Multifarious minerals resource such as lead, zinc, gold, silver, copper, sulphur, beryllium, bismuth, uranium.
It is sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) for studying object, kind is three eyebrows, and seed is purchased from Weifang Shanks
This agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd.It is the lichee solid wood original charcoal (50 mesh powdered carbon) of purchase, the content point of Pb, Cd, As for examination charcoal
It Wei not 4.90,0.25,0.33mgkg-1.Test sets 4 charcoal levels: 0%, 2.50%, 5% and 10% (accounting for and pollute for examination
Plough horizon (0~20cm) soil quality percentage).Charcoal and test topsoil are mixed, test sets 3 repetitions, small
Area's area is 1m × 1m, random district's groups arrangement.
40 DEG C or so warm water of sunflower seeds impregnate 4~6 hours to natural cooling, pull worry out and do, with clean wet tissue packet
It is good, it is placed in 25 DEG C of insulating boxs and carries out vernalization, be seeded in experimental plot soil after showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally in the phenological period.It is long to two leaves one to seedling
When the heart, every cell retains consistent 6 plants of seedling of growing way.The farming methods such as each cell sowing, weeding, irrigation are consistent (normal
Field management operation), harvest seed after sunflower is mature.
Sunflower seed is successively cleaned with tap water and deionized water, is placed in 103 DEG C of baking ovens the 1h that finishes, then be adjusted to 80
It DEG C dries to constant weight.By the sample comminution of drying, using HNO3-HClO4System digestion；Emit light using inductively coupled plasma body
Spectrometer (iCAP6300DUO) measures the content of Pb, Cd, As in digestion solution.Using double parallel sample and standard samples recovery, each element
Recovery of standard addition meets elemental analysis quality control standard 96.6%~103.8%.Charcoal reduces in sunflower seed
The effect picture difference of Pb, Cd, As content is as shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, it can be seen that charcoal can be reduced to day in three groups of experiments
Pb, Cd, As content in sunflower seed grain.
The lichee wood charcoal that the present embodiment uses not will lead to soil secondary pollution, and material source is abundant.It can incite somebody to action
Waste be changed into values for the litchi principal deformation that orchard worker prunes off from Litchi Garden every year, and orchard worker can be made, which to increase income and reach, reduces an agricultural product huge sum of money
Belong to the purpose of Pb, Cd and metalloid As content, Pb, Cd, As decline 78.13%, 38.62%, 50.23% respectively.
Bibliography
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Metallic pollution feature and ecological risk assessment ecology and rural environment journal 2017, (02), 135-141.
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Heavy metals and metalloids in the surface sediments of the Xiangjiang River,
Hunan,China:distribution,contamination,and ecological risk assessment.Environ
Sci Pollut Res Int 2017,24(1),874-885.
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affected by the Chenzhou lead/zinc mine spill(Hunan,China).Sci Total Environ
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Its potential risk evaluates ACTA Scientiae Circumstantiae 2008, (06), 1212-1220.
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Metallic pollution Geography Journal 2008, (01), 3-11.
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Cadmium, the contamination characteristics of lead and its Ecological risk development fields of environmental monitoring in china 2011, (06), 9-13. in bed mud
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Laing,G.；Witters,N.；Thewys,T.；Tack,F.M.G.,The use of bio-energy crops(Zea
mays)for 'phytoattenuation'of heavy metals on moderately contaminated soils:A
field experiment.Chemosphere 2010,78(1),35-41.
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Claims (8)
1. a kind of method for reducing content of beary metal in sunflower seed, which is characterized in that be added in heavy-metal contaminated soil
Charcoal mixes, and plants sunflower；The content of beary metal in sunflower seed can be reduced after sunflower is mature.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the heavy metal is lead, cadmium and/or arsenic.
3. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the charcoal is lichee wood charcoal.
4. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the additive amount of the charcoal is heavy-metal contaminated soil gross weight
The 2%-30% of amount.
5. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the additive amount of the charcoal is heavy-metal contaminated soil gross weight
The 8%-20% of amount.
6. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that by sunflower seeds or seedling cultivation after applying charcoal
In heavy-metal contaminated soil.
7. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the mesh number of the charcoal is 20-120 mesh.
8. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the heavy-metal contaminated soil, the content of heavy metal is
0.15 mg·kg-1More than.
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