CN108988857B - Broadband low-phase-noise frequency synthesizer and method based on photoelectric oscillator - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
- H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
- H03L7/06—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
- H03L7/16—Indirect frequency synthesis, i.e. generating a desired one of a number of predetermined frequencies using a frequency- or phase-locked loop
- H03L7/18—Indirect frequency synthesis, i.e. generating a desired one of a number of predetermined frequencies using a frequency- or phase-locked loop using a frequency divider or counter in the loop
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
- H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
- H03L7/06—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
- H03L7/08—Details of the phase-locked loop
- H03L7/085—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H03L2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to automatic control of frequency or phase and to synchronisation
- H03L2207/12—Indirect frequency synthesis using a mixer in the phase-locked loop
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Abstract
The invention discloses a broadband low-phase noise frequency synthesizer based on a photoelectric oscillator and a method thereof, wherein a signal output by a reference circuit is divided into two paths through a first power divider, wherein the first path is sequentially connected with a first frequency divider, a first switch filter assembly, a first mixer and a first filter; the second path is connected with an Nth frequency divider, and the Nth frequency divider is connected with the reference signal input end of the phase discriminator through an Nth switch filter component; the output end of the first filter is connected with the radio frequency signal input end of the phase discriminator, the charge pump output of the phase discriminator is connected with the second power divider through the switch loop filter component and the voltage-controlled oscillation and divides the signal into two paths, one path is connected with the first mixer, and the other path is used as the output signal of the frequency synthesizer; n-1 frequency division interpolation phase-locking units which are sequentially connected are arranged between the first power divider and the Nth frequency divider; the invention can greatly improve the phase noise index of the output signal and even break through the theoretical limit which can be achieved by the traditional frequency synthesis mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a broadband low-phase noise frequency synthesizer and a method based on a photoelectric oscillator, and belongs to the technical field of frequency synthesizers.
Background
The microwave frequency synthesizer is widely applied to various fields of instruments and meters, remote control and telemetering communication, radars, electronic countermeasure, navigation, broadcast television and other military and civil applications, and is known as a heart of an electronic system, and the performance parameters of the electronic system are directly influenced. With the continuous improvement of the performance of electronic systems, the requirements on indexes of frequency synthesizers, especially phase noise, are higher and higher, and even become the bottleneck of improving the performance of the systems. For example, the phase noise of a frequency synthesizer in a radar system limits the ability of the radar system to detect low-altitude, slow, small, stealth targets.
In the traditional frequency synthesis method, the phase noise of the final output signal can be calculated by using an engineering empirical formula (reference source noise floor +20lgN+3), for example, the phase noise index of the current best high-precision crystal oscillator is-165 dBc/Hz offset carrier wave 10kHz, and the phase noise of the carrier wave signal at 10GHz is-122 dBc/Hz. Only by changing the traditional frequency synthesis mode, the theoretical limit value can be broken through.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: the broadband low-phase-noise frequency synthesizer based on the photoelectric oscillator and the method thereof are provided, the photoelectric oscillator is used as the core of a reference circuit, the theory of microwave photonics is utilized to generate high-frequency quasi-frequency with low phase noise, then the frequency synthesis technology of electronics is utilized, the phase discrimination is carried out through the mode of multi-stage interpolation phase locking, the bandwidth is expanded, the influence of the background phase noise of the device on the phase noise index of an output signal is reduced as much as possible, the theoretical limit of the phase noise of the traditional frequency synthesizer is broken through, and the problems of narrow bandwidth and large phase noise of the traditional frequency synthesizer are solved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a broadband low-phase noise frequency synthesizer based on a photoelectric oscillator comprises a reference circuit, wherein a signal output by the reference circuit is divided into two paths through a first power divider,
the first path is connected with the input end of a first frequency divider, the output end of the first frequency divider is connected with the input end of a first switch filter assembly, the output end of the first switch filter assembly is connected with the radio frequency end of a first frequency mixer, and the intermediate frequency end of the first frequency mixer is connected with the input end of a first filter;
the second path is connected with the input end of the Nth frequency divider, the output end of the Nth frequency divider is connected with the input end of the Nth switch filter assembly, and the output end of the Nth switch filter assembly is connected with the reference signal input end of the phase discriminator;
the output end of the first filter is connected with the radio frequency signal input end of the phase discriminator, the charge pump output of the phase discriminator is connected to the voltage tuning end of the voltage-controlled oscillator after passing through the switch loop filter assembly, the radio frequency signal output by the voltage-controlled oscillator is divided into two paths by the second power divider, one path of the radio frequency signal is connected with the local oscillation end of the first mixer, and the other path of the radio frequency signal is used as the output signal of the frequency synthesizer;
n-1 frequency division interpolation phase-locking units which are sequentially connected are arranged between the first power divider and the Nth frequency divider on the first path and between the first filter and the phase discriminator on the second path, and N is more than or equal to 2.
The frequency division interpolation phase-locking unit comprises a frequency divider, a frequency mixer, a filter and a switch filter assembly, wherein the output end of the frequency divider is connected with the input end of the switch filter assembly, the output end of the switch filter assembly is connected with the radio frequency end of the frequency mixer, and the intermediate frequency end of the frequency mixer is connected with the input end of the filter; the input end of the frequency divider in the frequency division interpolation phase-locked unit is used for being connected with the output end of the first power divider or the frequency divider in the last frequency division interpolation phase-locked unit, the output end of the frequency divider is used for being connected with the input end of the frequency divider or the input end of the Nth frequency divider in the next frequency division interpolation phase-locked unit, the local oscillator end of the frequency mixer in the frequency division interpolation phase-locked unit is used for being connected with the output end of the first filter or the filter in the last frequency division interpolation phase-locked unit, and the output end of the filter is used for being connected with the local oscillator end of the frequency mixer in the next frequency division interpolation phase-locked unit or the radio frequency signal input end of the phase discriminator.
The reference circuit comprises a photoelectric oscillator, an output signal of the photoelectric oscillator is divided into two paths through a power divider a, one path of the output signal is connected with a local oscillator end of a mixer, the other path of the output signal is connected with an input end of a frequency divider, an output end of the frequency divider is connected with a reference input end of a DDS, an output end of the DDS is connected with a reference signal input end of a phase discriminator, a charge pump output of the phase discriminator is connected to a voltage tuning end of a voltage-controlled oscillator after passing through a loop filter, a signal output by the voltage-controlled oscillator is divided into two paths through a power divider b, one path of the signal is connected with a radio frequency end of the mixer, the other path of the signal is used as an output signal of the reference circuit, and an intermediate frequency end of the mixer is connected with an input end of a low-pass filter and an output end of the low-pass filter is connected with a radio frequency signal input end of the phase discriminator.
The frequency of the photoelectric oscillator is 10GHz.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention uses the theory of microwave photonics and electronics, uses the photoelectric oscillator as the reference, generates a reference signal with a certain bandwidth by the method of interpolation phase locking with the DDS, then uses the frequency synthesis technology of electronics to divide the reference signal for multiple times, adopts the technology of multistage interpolation phase locking, properly selects the fundamental wave signal or the N harmonic wave signal output by each frequency divider to operate, and reduces the influence of the device background noise on the signal phase noise as much as possible while expanding the working bandwidth. The invention changes the traditional mode of expanding the frequency from low to high by frequency multiplication, frequency mixing and the like, and expands the frequency from high to low by frequency division and frequency mixing of the high-frequency reference signal, thereby greatly improving the phase noise index of the output signal and even breaking through the theoretical limit which can be achieved by the traditional frequency synthesis mode. By adopting the multistage interpolation phase locking technology, the frequency bandwidth of the output signal is greatly expanded, and the frequency synthesis of broadband low phase noise is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a frequency synthesizer;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a reference circuit.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples below:
referring to fig. 1, a wideband low-phase noise frequency synthesizer based on an optoelectronic oscillator according to the present invention includes a reference circuit, wherein a signal output from the reference circuit is divided into two paths by a first power divider,
the first path is connected with the input end of a first frequency divider, the output end of the first frequency divider is connected with the input end of a first switch filter assembly, the output end of the first switch filter assembly is connected with the radio frequency end of a first frequency mixer, and the intermediate frequency end of the first frequency mixer is connected with the input end of a first filter;
the second path is connected with the input end of the Nth frequency divider, the output end of the Nth frequency divider is connected with the input end of the Nth switch filter assembly, and the output end of the Nth switch filter assembly is connected with the reference signal input end of the phase discriminator;
the output end of the first filter is connected with the radio frequency signal input end of the phase discriminator, the charge pump output of the phase discriminator is connected to the voltage tuning end of the voltage-controlled oscillator after passing through the switch loop filter assembly, the radio frequency signal output by the voltage-controlled oscillator is divided into two paths by the second power divider, one path of the radio frequency signal is connected with the local oscillation end of the first mixer, and the other path of the radio frequency signal is used as the output signal of the frequency synthesizer;
n-1 frequency division interpolation phase-locking units which are sequentially connected are arranged between the first power divider and the Nth frequency divider on the first path and between the first filter and the phase discriminator on the second path, and N is more than or equal to 2.
Preferably, each frequency division interpolation phase-locking unit comprises a frequency divider, a frequency mixer, a filter and a switch filter assembly, wherein the output end of the frequency divider is connected with the input end of the switch filter assembly, the output end of the switch filter assembly is connected with the radio frequency end of the frequency mixer, and the intermediate frequency end of the frequency mixer is connected with the input end of the filter. The input end of the frequency divider in each frequency division interpolation phase-locking unit is used for being connected with the output end of the first power divider or the frequency divider in the last frequency division interpolation phase-locking unit, the output end of the frequency divider is used for being connected with the input end of the frequency divider in the next frequency division interpolation phase-locking unit or the input end of the N frequency divider, namely the input end of the frequency divider of the first frequency division interpolation phase-locking unit is connected with the output end of the first power divider, the input end of the frequency divider of the subsequent frequency division interpolation phase-locking unit is connected with the output end of the frequency divider in the last frequency division interpolation phase-locking unit, and the output end of the frequency divider of the last frequency division interpolation phase-locking unit is connected with the input end of the N frequency divider; the local oscillator end of the mixer in the frequency division interpolation phase-locking unit is used for being connected with the output end of the first filter or the filter in the last frequency division interpolation phase-locking unit, the output end of the filter is used for being connected with the local oscillator end of the mixer in the next frequency division interpolation phase-locking unit or the radio frequency signal input end of the phase discriminator, namely the local oscillator end of the mixer of the first frequency division interpolation phase-locking unit is connected with the output end of the first filter, the local oscillator end of the mixer of the subsequent frequency division interpolation phase-locking unit is connected with the output end of the filter in the last frequency division interpolation phase-locking unit, and the output end of the filter of the last frequency division interpolation phase-locking unit is connected with the radio frequency signal input end of the phase discriminator.
Referring to fig. 2, preferably, the reference circuit includes an optoelectronic oscillator, an output signal of which is divided into two paths by a power divider a, one path is connected with a local oscillator end of a mixer, the other path is connected with an input end of a frequency divider, an output end of the frequency divider is connected with a reference input end of a DDS, an output end of the DDS is connected with a reference signal input end of a phase discriminator, a charge pump output of the phase discriminator is connected to a voltage tuning end of a voltage-controlled oscillator after passing through a loop filter, a signal output by the voltage-controlled oscillator is divided into two paths by a power divider b, one path is connected with a radio frequency end of the mixer, the other path is used as an output signal of the reference circuit, and an intermediate frequency end of the mixer is connected with an input end of a low-pass filter and an output end of the low-pass filter is connected with a radio frequency signal input end of the phase discriminator. Preferably, the frequency of the photoelectric oscillator is 10GHz, the photoelectric oscillator has higher phase noise index, and a low phase noise reference signal with a certain bandwidth can be obtained after the signal output by the photoelectric oscillator and the DDS are subjected to interpolation phase locking.
In one example, the reference circuit is selected from a phase detector model HMC3716, a voltage controlled oscillator model MAOC-009265, and a DDS model AD9910. The model of the phase discriminator used in the frequency synthesizer circuit is ADF4002, and the model of the voltage controlled oscillator is MAOC-410100. The model of the mixer, filter, etc. is selected according to the frequency range.
The signal output by the reference circuit expands the output bandwidth by means of multiple frequency division and multistage interpolation phase locking. The switching filter bank connected with the output end of each frequency divider can select fundamental wave signals and N harmonic signals output by the frequency divider, and the signals output by each frequency divider are operated by reasonably selecting the fundamental wave frequencies and the N harmonic frequencies output by the frequency divider, so that the frequency coverage of a wider bandwidth can be realized. In one example, N is 4, i.e., there are three-stage frequency division interpolation phase-locked units, and other numbers of frequency division interpolation phase-locked units may be selected as desired.
Based on the frequency synthesis mode of the photoelectric oscillator, the microwave photonics and electronics theory are combined, the method of expanding a low-frequency signal to a high frequency through frequency multiplication and frequency mixing in the traditional frequency synthesis is changed, the photoelectric oscillator with a higher phase noise index is used as a reference, the high-frequency signal is expanded to the low frequency through frequency division and frequency mixing, the source background noise +20lgN+3 is referenced according to an engineering experience formula, the N value is smaller than 1 during frequency division (it is understood that N is not the same as N in the frequency synthesizer of the invention), the phase noise index is only influenced by the background noise of various devices at the moment, and the theoretical limit of the traditional frequency synthesis mode can be broken through.
The foregoing is a further detailed description of the invention in connection with the preferred embodiments, and it is not intended that the invention be limited to the specific embodiments described. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several simple deductions or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these should be considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A broadband low-phase noise frequency synthesizer based on an optoelectronic oscillator comprises a reference circuit and is characterized in that: the signal output by the reference circuit is divided into two paths by a first power divider, wherein,
the first path is connected with the input end of a first frequency divider, the output end of the first frequency divider is connected with the input end of a first switch filter assembly, the output end of the first switch filter assembly is connected with the radio frequency end of a first frequency mixer, and the intermediate frequency end of the first frequency mixer is connected with the input end of a first filter;
the second path is connected with the input end of the Nth frequency divider, the output end of the Nth frequency divider is connected with the input end of the Nth switch filter assembly, and the output end of the Nth switch filter assembly is connected with the reference signal input end of the phase discriminator;
the output end of the first filter is connected with the radio frequency signal input end of the phase discriminator, the charge pump output of the phase discriminator is connected to the voltage tuning end of the voltage-controlled oscillator after passing through the switch loop filter assembly, the radio frequency signal output by the voltage-controlled oscillator is divided into two paths by the second power divider, one path of the radio frequency signal is connected with the local oscillation end of the first mixer, and the other path of the radio frequency signal is used as the output signal of the frequency synthesizer;
n-1 frequency division interpolation phase-locking units which are sequentially connected are arranged between the first power divider and the Nth frequency divider and between the first filter and the phase discriminator, wherein N is more than or equal to 2;
an optical oscillator is adopted, a reference signal with a certain bandwidth is generated by interpolation phase locking with a DDS, then the reference signal is divided by a plurality of times by utilizing an electronic frequency synthesis technology, and a fundamental wave signal or an N-order harmonic wave signal output by each frequency divider is properly selected to operate by adopting a multistage interpolation phase locking technology.
2. The wideband low-phase-noise frequency synthesizer based on an optoelectronic oscillator of claim 1, wherein: the frequency division interpolation phase-locking unit comprises a frequency divider, a frequency mixer, a filter and a switch filter assembly, wherein the output end of the frequency divider is connected with the input end of the switch filter assembly, the output end of the switch filter assembly is connected with the radio frequency end of the frequency mixer, and the intermediate frequency end of the frequency mixer is connected with the input end of the filter; the input end of the frequency divider in the frequency division interpolation phase-locked unit is used for being connected with the output end of the first power divider or the frequency divider in the last frequency division interpolation phase-locked unit, the output end of the frequency divider is used for being connected with the input end of the frequency divider or the input end of the Nth frequency divider in the next frequency division interpolation phase-locked unit, the local oscillator end of the frequency mixer in the frequency division interpolation phase-locked unit is used for being connected with the output end of the first filter or the filter in the last frequency division interpolation phase-locked unit, and the output end of the filter is used for being connected with the local oscillator end of the frequency mixer in the next frequency division interpolation phase-locked unit or the radio frequency signal input end of the phase discriminator.
3. The wideband low-phase-noise frequency synthesizer based on an optoelectronic oscillator of claim 1, wherein: the reference circuit comprises a photoelectric oscillator, an output signal of the photoelectric oscillator is divided into two paths through a power divider a, one path of the output signal is connected with a local oscillator end of a mixer, the other path of the output signal is connected with an input end of a frequency divider, an output end of the frequency divider is connected with a reference input end of a DDS, an output end of the DDS is connected with a reference signal input end of a phase discriminator, a charge pump output of the phase discriminator is connected to a voltage tuning end of a voltage-controlled oscillator after passing through a loop filter, a signal output by the voltage-controlled oscillator is divided into two paths through a power divider b, one path of the signal is connected with a radio frequency end of the mixer, the other path of the signal is used as an output signal of the reference circuit, an intermediate frequency end of the mixer is connected with an input end of a low-pass filter, and an output end of the low-pass filter is connected with a radio frequency signal input end of the phase discriminator.
4. A wideband low phase noise frequency synthesizer based on an optoelectronic oscillator as claimed in claim 3 wherein: the frequency of the photoelectric oscillator is 10GHz.
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| CN109450467B (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2024-04-05 | 陕西烽火电子股份有限公司 | Device and method for synthesizing radio frequency signal based on IQ modulator interpolation phase-locked loop |
| CN111638504B (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2023-04-07 | 北京聚利科技有限公司 | Continuous wave radar front end |
| CN110034758B (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2021-01-19 | 北京大学 | Injection locking millimeter wave frequency divider based on self-oscillation optical frequency comb and frequency dividing method thereof |
| CN113394646B (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2022-09-23 | 贵州航天计量测试技术研究所 | Tuned optoelectronic oscillator and feedback control method thereof |
| CN115208384B (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-12-20 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十九研究所 | Low-spurious DDS (direct digital synthesizer) spread spectrum device and method |
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