CN102497208A - Broadband X-band direct frequency synthesizer and signal generation method - Google Patents

Broadband X-band direct frequency synthesizer and signal generation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102497208A
CN102497208A CN2011104402467A CN201110440246A CN102497208A CN 102497208 A CN102497208 A CN 102497208A CN 2011104402467 A CN2011104402467 A CN 2011104402467A CN 201110440246 A CN201110440246 A CN 201110440246A CN 102497208 A CN102497208 A CN 102497208A
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frequency
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band
conversion unit
signal
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石龙生
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Wuxi Huace Electronic System Co Ltd
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Wuxi Huace Electronic System Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a broadband X-band direct frequency synthesizer and a signal generation method. A crystal oscillator with high frequency accuracy and low phase noise generates a reference signal of a frequency standard generation circuit, a series of narrow dot frequencies at small frequency intervals and broad dot frequencies at large intervals are generated within a low frequency band, the narrow dot frequencies are inserted into the broad dot frequencies at the large intervals through up-conversion circuits and switching circuits to realize the function of frequency hopping at hundreds of dots, broadband signals are output through the up-conversion circuits, the switching circuits and frequency selection circuits, stray is effectively suppressed and the frequency synthesizer can realize quick frequency hopping. A designed miniature vibration isolation system can effectively reduce the influence of vibration on the phase noise. Compared with the other frequency synthesizers, the broadband X-band direct frequency synthesizer has the advantages that: an operating frequency band covers 30 percent of an X band; a stray suppression degree within a broadband range can reach more than 75dB; the phase noise is low, is -113 to -109dBc/Hz at the given frequency offset of 1KHz, and is lower than -100dBc/Hz at the given frequency offset of 1KHz; working temperature is -55 to +70 DEG C; and weight is light, and is lower than 3.7Kg.

Description

A kind of wide band X-band direct-type frequency synthesizer and signal generating method
Technical field
The present invention relates to electronic device field such as communication, radar, electronic countermeasures, measuring instrument, relate in particular to that a kind of working band is wide in the radar equipment, phase noise is low, spuious inhibition is high, frequency hopping fireballing X-band direct-type frequency synthesizer and signal generating method.
Background technology
Frequency synthesizer is one of key components of electronic equipments such as communication, radar, electronic countermeasures, measuring instrument.Because the specification requirement to these electronic equipments improves constantly, the Frequency Synthesizer of function admirable should possess characteristics such as output band is wide, phase noise is low, spuious inhibition high, frequency hopping speed is fast, adaptive capacity to environment is strong, and this also is the developing direction of frequency synthesizer.
At present, most frequency synthesizers adopt phase-locking type synthetic (PLL).Its advantage is simple in structure, spuious little.Because the limitation of phase-locked loop circuit, mostly its frequency hopping time is tens of microsecond magnitudes, can't reach the speed of 1 microsecond.Reach the requirement of broadband operation if desired, the phase-locking type frequency synthesizer needs corresponding wide-band microwave voltage controlled oscillator VCO, and its voltage-controlled change of sensitivity is big, in the more violent situation poor work stability of changes in environmental conditions.Also have minority to adopt the synthetic radar frequency synthesizer of direct-type, though its phase noise and frequency agility are also good, working band generally has only about 10%.
Summary of the invention
To the problems referred to above, the invention provides the X-band direct-type frequency synthesizer that a kind of working band is wide, phase noise is low, spuious inhibition is high, frequency hopping speed is fast, adaptive capacity is strong and utilize this frequency synthesizer to produce the method for signal.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is following:
A kind of wide band X-band direct-type frequency synthesizer comprises that crystal-oscillator circuit, frequency frequency marking produce circuit, up-converter circuit; Said crystal-oscillator circuit connects said frequency frequency marking as reference signal generation source and produces circuit; Said up-converter circuit comprises the first up-conversion unit, the second up-conversion unit, the 3rd up-conversion unit, first switch selection circuit, and second switch is selected circuit, and the 3rd switch is selected circuit, the first high band frequency marking, the second high band frequency marking; Said frequency frequency marking generation circuit imports the first low band frequency marking and 20 choice refreshments frequencies obtain 20 low band choice refreshments frequencies in the said first up-conversion unit; Import 5 thick dot frequencies in the said second up-conversion unit, import the second low band frequency marking in said the 3rd up-conversion unit; The said second up-conversion unit comprises first upconverter and second upconverter; The said first high band frequency marking selects circuit to be connected said first upconverter and to obtain 10 thick dot frequencies of high band that frequency covers said frequency synthesizer 1/2nd bandwidth through said first upconverter with the said second high band frequency marking through the 3rd switch; Said 10 thick dot frequencies of high band and said 20 low band choice refreshments frequencies are imported the local oscillator output signal with 200 frequency hopping points that said second frequency converter obtains the X-band frequency, and said local oscillator output signal is imported first switch and is selected circuit and second switch to select to obtain the signal that its frequency coverage is slightly larger than said frequency synthesizer 1/2nd bandwidth behind the circuit; Said local oscillator output signal is imported first switch and is selected to import said the 3rd up-conversion unit behind the circuit; Said the 3rd up-conversion unit output frequency coverage equals second half local oscillation signal of said frequency synthesizer 1/2nd bandwidth, and said second half local oscillation signal can be selected circuit output through second switch.
Further, said circuit is provided with vibration isolator.
Use the broadband signal output intent of said synthesizer; It is characterized in that; The crystal-oscillator circuit of 100MHz is made as the reference signal; The first high band frequency marking or the second high band frequency marking select circuit to select by the 3rd switch; With said frequency frequency marking produce the first low band frequency standard signal, the second low band frequency standard signal that circuit produces, 20 choice refreshments frequency signals of 10MHz are input to the first up-conversion unit, the 3rd up-conversion unit and the first up-conversion unit respectively at interval; 5 thick dot frequency signals that signal that the first high band frequency marking or the second high band frequency marking are produced and said frequency frequency marking produce the interval 200MHz that circuit produces are input to first upconverter in the second up-conversion unit; Obtain covering 10 thick dot frequency signals of said frequency synthesizer 1/2nd bandwidth high bands; Said 20 the choice refreshments frequency signals and the first low band frequency standard signal obtain 20 choice refreshments frequency signals of low band through the first up-conversion unit; 10 thick dot frequency signals of 20 choice refreshments frequency signals of said low band and high band, second upconverter in the second up-conversion unit is synthetic to obtain the local oscillator output signal that the X-band frequency interval is 200 frequency hopping points of 10MHz, will export signal warp first switch selection circuit and the second low band frequency standard signal and in the 3rd up-conversion unit, synthesize and obtain second half local oscillation signal that frequency coverage slightly equals said frequency synthesizer 1/2nd bandwidth., select circuit to select output through said second switch said local oscillator output signal and said second half local oscillation signal.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the crystal oscillator high by frequency accuracy, that phase noise is low produces the reference signal of circuit as the frequency frequency marking; On lower frequency, produce less choice refreshments frequency of a series of frequency intervals and bigger at interval thick dot frequency; Through up-conversion and switching circuit the choice refreshments frequency is inserted in the bigger at interval thick dot frequency; To realize the frequency hopping function of hundreds of points; Through up-conversion, switching circuit and frequency selective network outputting bandwidth signal, and effectively suppress with fast frequency-hopped spuious.The small-sized vibrating isolation system that is designed can reduce to vibrate the influence to phase noise effectively.The present invention is with respect to other frequency synthesizers: working band, X-band are greater than 30%, and spuious inhibition is up to more than the 75dB in the broadband range, and phase noise is low ,-113 --109dBc/Hz1KHz, even under the vibration situation, phase noise also is lower than-100dBc/Hz1KHz.Working temperature-55 ℃ -+ 70 ℃.In light weight, less than 3.7Kg.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structured flowchart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the phase noise test result figure of the present invention when the frequency band low side departs from carrier frequency 1KHz;
Fig. 3 is spectrum curve figure of the present invention.
Embodiment
To combine accompanying drawing and specific embodiment that the present invention is done further explanation below.
A kind of wide band X-band direct-type frequency synthesizer; Its operation principle block diagram is seen Fig. 1; The high and low crystal oscillator 1 of making an uproar mutually of 100MHz frequency accuracy is the reference signal among the figure; And being input to the frequency frequency marking, to produce circuit be that the thick dot frequency of choice refreshments produces circuit and produces circuit 2 with the low band frequency marking, and this circuit produces 20 choice refreshments frequencies of 10MHz at interval, 5 thick dot frequencies, the first low band frequency standard signal and the second low band frequency standard signal of interval 200MHz.20 choice refreshments frequencies and the first low band frequency marking are imported the first up-conversion unit 5 obtain 20 choice refreshments frequencies of low band.
The second up-conversion unit 6 comprises two upconverter.The first high band frequency marking 3 and the second high band frequency marking, 4 frequencies differ by more than 1/4th frequency bandwidths of frequency synthesizer; (switch is ON-OFF control circuit in the diagram by ON-OFF control circuit 9 for the first high band frequency marking 3 and the second high band frequency marking 4; ON-OFF control circuit converts external control signal to the required control signal of frequency selective network of switch and filter composition; Because the time of frequency hopping depends primarily on switching speed, the direct-type frequency synthesizer can be less than the frequency hopping time of 1 microsecond) select.The first high band frequency marking 3 or the first high band frequency marking 4 and 5 thick dot frequencies are input to first upconverter in the second up-conversion unit 6; Obtain 10 thick dot frequencies of frequency covering frequence synthesizer 1/2nd bandwidth high bands; Be that a local oscillator of 200 frequency hopping points of 10MHz is exported signal with the synthetic X-band frequency interval that obtains of 20 choice refreshments frequencies of low band of the first up-conversion unit 5 output, second upconverter in the second up-conversion unit 6 again, its frequency frequency coverage is slightly larger than 1/2nd bandwidth of frequency synthesizer.Then obtain second half local oscillation signal that frequency coverage slightly equals frequency synthesizer 1/2nd bandwidth through switch and the second low band frequency standard signal are synthetic in the 3rd up-conversion unit by this signal.Realized having greater than 30% bandwidth range a local oscillation signal of 400 frequency hopping points at last at X-band.
If 100MHz crystal oscillator phase noise=-155dBc/Hz, depart from carrier frequency 1kHz, frequency generating circuit phase noise=crystal oscillator is with reference to make an uproar+201g (N)+3 mutually, and N is a harmonic number in the formula, calculates by the first low band frequency marking and the second low band frequency marking highest frequency.Low band frequency marking output maximum phase noise=-155+201g (N)+3=-128dBc/Hz, depart from carrier frequency 1kHz.High band frequency marking phase noise=crystal oscillator is with reference to make an uproar+201g (N)+3 mutually, and N is the frequency multiplication of high band frequency marking frequency to crystal oscillator 100MHz frequency in the formula, presses high band frequency marking highest frequency and calculates.High band frequency marking output maximum phase noise=-155+201g (N)+3=-116dBc/Hz, depart from carrier frequency 1kHz.
Figure BDA0000124222660000051
N in the formula 1, n 2Be the phase noise of two incoming frequencies of upconverter, unit is dBc.Low band marker circuit phase noise is more less to the influence of making an uproar of the last phase of frequency synthesizer than high band frequency marking phase noise; Mainly determine by the crystal oscillator phase noise; After considering the loss 2dB of 3 up-conversion unit phase noises, this frequency synthesizer is made an uproar mutually and should be reached-114dBc/Hz.Accompanying drawing 2 is the phase noise of actual measurement X-band direct-type frequency synthesizer when the frequency band low side departs from carrier frequency 1KHz.The direct-type frequency synthesizer carries out the synthetic a series of signal that meets frequency bandwidth and stepped-frequency interval of addition subtraction multiplication and division arithmetic through a plurality of frequencys multiplication, frequency division and up-converter circuit to frequency.For frequency multiplication and frequency dividing circuit, can be easy to export desired output frequency with filter, its spurious signal on every side of filtering.But,, after two signal inputs, will produce mf because it is non-linear for up-converter circuit 1± nf 2The intermodulation component frequency, wherein m, n are positive integer 1,2,3..., f 1, f 2Be frequency input signal, except f 1+ f 2Up-conversion signal is outside the useful signal, and other signal component is spuious.If improper to upconverter frequency input signal and circuit selection, the part spurious signal can fall in filter passband or the transition band, and is spuious just more serious under the situation that particularly output band is very wide, frequency is a lot.Let on all output frequencies the spurious signal be difficulty very outside filter passband and by good restraining.Therefore, spuious inhibition is the key technology of broadband direct-type frequency synthesizer.
Adopt 3 up-conversion unit among the present invention, wherein, the second up-conversion unit 6 includes two upconverter, and the method for concrete design is to calculate each upconverter output frequency f earlier 1, f 2The frequency of all intermodulation components is calculated the spuious output behind wave filter then.Through select rational upconverter incoming frequency, reasonably the band pass filter of device and suitable squareness factor can satisfy all output frequencies in the whole frequency band and reaches spuious requirement less than-75dB.Fig. 3 is an X-band direct-type Frequency Synthesizer spectrum curve, and the frequency hopping time of direct-type frequency synthesizer mainly is decision time of delay by the change-over time of switch and filter and circuit.Because the change-over time of switch, the time of filter was relevant with bandwidth less than 100ns, the bandwidth of this Frequency Synthesizer filter is all greater than 10MHz, so the time of delay of filter is very short.The frequency hopping time of this Frequency Synthesizer is mainly determined by the switch transition time.The direct-type frequency synthesizer is made up of two modules; In order to improve the anti-seismic performance of product; Prevent box body and circuit elements device in the resonance that vibration frequency range possibly occur, strengthened external frame and the inner rigidity that is connected, increase the quantity of circuit board screw and the thickness of printed board.Because the restriction of service condition to vibration-sensitive device and circuit, is carried out the vibration isolation design with the miniaturization vibration isolator aspect structural design, this type of vibration isolator resonance frequency is low.This part device, circuit are done vibration test separately make an uproar mutually and worsen about 6～9dBc/Hz, vibration isolating effect is better.
Patent of the present invention is not limited only to the protection range shown in the foregoing description, all any modifications of within spirit of the present invention and principle, being done, is equal to replacement or improves etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. a wide band X-band direct-type frequency synthesizer is characterized in that, comprises that crystal-oscillator circuit, frequency frequency marking produce circuit, up-converter circuit; Said crystal-oscillator circuit connects said frequency frequency marking as reference signal generation source and produces circuit; Said up-converter circuit comprises the first up-conversion unit, the second up-conversion unit, the 3rd up-conversion unit, first switch selection circuit, and second switch is selected circuit, and the 3rd switch is selected circuit, the first high band frequency marking, the second high band frequency marking; Said frequency frequency marking generation circuit imports the first low band frequency marking and 20 choice refreshments frequencies obtain 20 low band choice refreshments frequencies behind the said first up-conversion unit; Import 5 thick dot frequencies in the said second up-conversion unit, import the second low band frequency marking in said the 3rd up-conversion unit; The said second up-conversion unit comprises first upconverter and second upconverter; The said first high band frequency marking selects circuit to be connected said first upconverter and to obtain 10 thick dot frequencies of high band that frequency covers said frequency synthesizer 1/2nd bandwidth through said first upconverter with the said second high band frequency marking through the 3rd switch; Said 10 thick dot frequencies of high band and said 20 low band choice refreshments frequencies are imported the local oscillator output signal with 200 frequency hopping points that said second frequency converter obtains the X-band frequency, and said local oscillator output signal is imported first switch and is selected circuit and second switch to select to obtain the signal that its frequency coverage is slightly larger than said frequency synthesizer 1/2nd bandwidth behind the circuit; Said local oscillator output signal is imported first switch and is selected to import said the 3rd up-conversion unit behind the circuit; Said the 3rd up-conversion unit output frequency coverage equals second half local oscillation signal of said frequency synthesizer 1/2nd bandwidth, and said second half local oscillation signal can be selected circuit output through second switch.
2. a kind of wide band X-band direct-type frequency synthesizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that said circuit is provided with vibration isolator.
3. application rights requires the broadband signal production method of 1 said synthesizer; It is characterized in that; The crystal-oscillator circuit of 100MHz is made as the reference signal; The first high band frequency marking or the second high band frequency marking select circuit to select by the 3rd switch; With said frequency frequency marking produce the first low band frequency standard signal, the second low band frequency standard signal that circuit produces, 20 choice refreshments frequency signals of 10MHz are input to the first up-conversion unit, the 3rd up-conversion unit and the first up-conversion unit respectively at interval; 5 thick dot frequency signals that signal that the first high band frequency marking or the second high band frequency marking are produced and said frequency frequency marking produce the interval 200MHz that circuit produces are input to first upconverter in the second up-conversion unit; Obtain covering 10 thick dot frequency signals of said frequency synthesizer 1/2nd bandwidth high bands; Said 20 the choice refreshments frequency signals and the first low band frequency standard signal obtain 20 choice refreshments frequency signals of low band through the first up-conversion unit; 10 thick dot frequency signals of 20 choice refreshments frequency signals of said low band and high band, second upconverter in the second up-conversion unit is synthetic, and to obtain the X-band frequency interval be that a local oscillator of 200 frequency hopping points of 10MHz is exported signal; To export signal and select through first switch that circuit and the second low band frequency standard signal are synthetic in the 3rd up-conversion unit to obtain second half local oscillation signal that frequency coverage slightly equals said frequency synthesizer 1/2nd bandwidth, said local oscillator output signal and said second half local oscillation signal select circuit to export through second switch.
CN2011104402467A 2011-12-23 2011-12-23 Broadband X-band direct frequency synthesizer and signal generation method Pending CN102497208A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105974374A (en) * 2016-06-17 2016-09-28 上海无线电设备研究所 Frequency synthesizer for generating Ka-waveband FM linear continuous wave and operating method thereof
CN108923807A (en) * 2018-07-26 2018-11-30 北京遥感设备研究所 A kind of S-band reception device of Deceiving interference
CN112737512A (en) * 2020-12-17 2021-04-30 西安电子科技大学 Design method of ku waveband frequency synthesizer

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EP1320189A1 (en) * 2001-12-12 2003-06-18 Sony International (Europe) GmbH Multi-band frequency synthesiser for mobile terminals
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EP1320189A1 (en) * 2001-12-12 2003-06-18 Sony International (Europe) GmbH Multi-band frequency synthesiser for mobile terminals
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105974374A (en) * 2016-06-17 2016-09-28 上海无线电设备研究所 Frequency synthesizer for generating Ka-waveband FM linear continuous wave and operating method thereof
CN105974374B (en) * 2016-06-17 2018-06-19 上海无线电设备研究所 Generate the frequency synthesizer and method of work of Ka wave band FM linear continuous waves
CN108923807A (en) * 2018-07-26 2018-11-30 北京遥感设备研究所 A kind of S-band reception device of Deceiving interference
CN112737512A (en) * 2020-12-17 2021-04-30 西安电子科技大学 Design method of ku waveband frequency synthesizer

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Inventor after: Shi Longsheng

Inventor after: Huang Jiadong

Inventor after: Gu Min

Inventor after: Zhang Xiongjian

Inventor after: Di Dongmei

Inventor before: Shi Longsheng

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Application publication date: 20120613