CN108982539B - PCB double-sided three-proofing paint coating quality detection system and method - Google Patents
PCB double-sided three-proofing paint coating quality detection system and method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 150000003071 polychlorinated biphenyls Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- YKKYCYQDUUXNLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dichloro-1-(2-chlorophenyl)benzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1Cl YKKYCYQDUUXNLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- QHZSDTDMQZPUKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-dichlorobiphenyl Chemical compound ClC1=CC(Cl)=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 QHZSDTDMQZPUKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
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Abstract
The invention relates to a PCB double-sided three-proofing paint coating quality detection system and a method in the field of coating quality detection. The system uses a color index method to segment coating areas, and detects the coating quality of the three-proofing paint by comparing with MASK images. The system has simple structure, can realize double-sided detection through the plate turnover device, reduces the cost, and has high detection speed and high precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of coating quality detection, in particular to a system and a method for detecting the coating quality of a double-sided three-proofing paint of a PCB.
Background
Under the chemical, vibration, high dust, salt fog, moisture, high temperature and other environments of an industrial field, the PCB can generate the problems of corrosion, softening, deformation, mildew and the like, so that the circuit of the circuit board fails. The three-proofing paint is a transparent paint with a special formula, and forms a layer of three-proofing protective film (moisture-proof, salt mist-proof and mildew-proof) on the surface of the circuit board, so that the reliability of the circuit board is improved, the safety coefficient of the circuit board is increased, and the service life of the circuit board is ensured.
At present, the quality detection of the three-proofing paint coating of the PCB mainly depends on manual observation under ultraviolet light. The method is easily affected by subjective factors of detection personnel, and the detection efficiency and precision cannot be guaranteed. Meanwhile, the detection personnel are in the ultraviolet environment for a long time, and the health of the detection personnel is threatened. Therefore, a system capable of detecting the coating quality of the double-sided three-proofing paint of the PCB needs to be designed.
Due to the fact that the self color influence of the components and the three-proofing paint coating thickness of each area on the chip are different, a gray scale graph obtained through simple graying (such as a component method, an average value method, a maximum value method and a weighted average method) cannot be used for completely and accurately segmenting the three-proofing paint coating area by using a threshold value. One phenomenon that often exists is: the tri-proof paint sprayed on the upper surface of the black component flows away from the upper surface of the component due to the liquidity of the liquid when the black component is not dried, so that the tri-proof paint on the upper surface of the component is coated thinly, the fluorescent effect is weak when the black component is irradiated by ultraviolet light, and the brightness is darker when the tri-proof paint is presented in an image, so that the gray value of the upper surface of the component is close to the gray value of an uncoated area in a gray scale image obtained by simple graying, and the two areas cannot be accurately divided by using a threshold value. Therefore, a need exists for a tri-proof paint coating quality detection method that is robust to the above-mentioned problems. Meanwhile, considering the requirements of field application, the detection operation of the three-proofing paint coating area needs to meet the requirement of rapidity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the existing manual visual inspection method and provide the PCB double-sided three-proofing paint coating quality detection system with high reliability, accurate detection and high efficiency.
The invention also aims to solve the problems of the color influence of the components and the difference of the coating thickness of the three-proofing paint in each area on the chip, and provides the method for detecting the coating quality of the double-sided three-proofing paint of the PCB, which has accurate detection and high efficiency.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following modes: a PCB double-sided three-proofing paint coating quality detection system comprises an upper computer, a controller, a light source module, an image acquisition module, a carrier, a position detection module, a position fixing module and a carrier overturning module;
the upper computer is connected with the light source module, the image acquisition module, the position detection module, the position fixing module and the carrier overturning module through the controller;
the carrier is used for carrying one or more PCBs to be detected;
the position detection module is used for detecting the position of the carrier on the track;
the position fixing module is used for fixing the carrier;
the carrier overturning module is used for overturning the fixed carrier by 180 degrees, so that the image acquisition module can acquire the coating condition of the other surface of the one or more PCBs to be detected on the carrier;
the position detection module and the position fixing module are arranged in pair;
the system comprises two of the position detection module and the position fixing module pairs; the position interval between the two position fixing modules is equal to the length of the carrier;
when the carrier passes through the position detection modules of the first pair, the upper computer controls the baffle of the position fixing module of the second pair to be put down; when the carrier reaches the position detection modules of the second pair, the upper computer controls the baffle of the position fixing module of the first pair to be put down to fix the carrier, and the position fixing module of the first pair feeds back a signal that the carrier is in place to the upper computer;
the host computer detects and finishes on the carrier behind the three proofings lacquer coating quality of the first side of PCB, control carrier upset module upset 180 works as when the carrier is horizontal static again, carrier upset module feedback "the carrier has arrived in place" signal the host computer, the host computer control image acquisition module gathers the image of the current side of carrier, the host computer basis image detection on the carrier the three proofings lacquer coating quality of the current another side of PCB.
Further, the light source module can alternately emit white light and ultraviolet light;
the upper computer controls the type of the light wave emitted by the light source module through the controller;
the ultraviolet light can enable the three-proofing paint coating of the PCB to generate a fluorescent effect.
Furthermore, the image acquisition module consists of a high-resolution camera and can acquire clear images of the carrier and the one or more PCBs to be detected; the resolution of the camera is determined by the coating detection accuracy;
the upper computer controls the image acquisition module to acquire images through the controller, and the images are transmitted to the upper computer through the controller to be analyzed and processed;
the upper computer reads the two-dimensional codes of the carrier and the one or more PCBs to be detected according to the image collected under the white light; the two-dimensional code data has uniqueness and is used as a key value in a data storage;
and the upper computer simultaneously detects the coating quality of the current side three-proofing paint of the one or more PCBs to be detected on the carrier according to the image collected under the ultraviolet light.
Further, the position detection module is composed of an infrared sensor;
and the upper computer receives the output signal of the position detection module through the controller.
Furthermore, the position fixing module consists of a baffle and a servo motor;
the upper computer controls the servo motor through the controller to enable the baffle to be put down or lifted;
and the upper computer receives the output signal of the position fixing module through the controller.
Furthermore, the carrier turning module consists of a sub-controller, a motor, a clamp connected with a motor rotating shaft and a clamp position monitoring module;
the upper computer controls the carrier overturning module to overturn the carrier through the controller;
the upper computer receives an output signal of the carrier turning module through the controller;
the clamp position monitoring module can detect the state that the clamp clamps or releases the carrier and can also detect whether the position direction of the clamp is horizontal; the position direction of the clamp is consistent with the position direction of the carrier;
when the sub-controller receives a 'turning on' signal of the upper computer, the sub-controller controls the clamp to clamp the carrier; when the clamp position monitoring module detects that the clamp is clamped, sending a 'carrier clamped' signal to the sub-controller; when the sub-controller receives a 'carrier clamped' signal, the sub-controller controls the motor to rotate for 180 degrees; when the clamp position monitoring module detects that the clamp position is not horizontal, a carrier inclination signal is sent to the sub-controller; when the clamp position monitoring module detects the clamp position level, a carrier level signal is sent to the sub-controller; when the sub-controller receives the 'carrier level' signal again, the carrier is turned over by 180 degrees, and the sub-controller controls the clamp to be released; sending a "vehicle released" signal to the sub-controller when the clamp position monitoring module detects that the clamp has been released; and when the sub-controller receives the 'the carrier is loosened' signal, the sub-controller sends a 'the carrier is in place' signal to the upper computer.
Further, the system further comprises an alarm module, and if the upper computer detects that the three-proofing paint coating quality of the PCB has defects, the alarm module is started.
Furthermore, the system further comprises a light-resistant shell, wherein the light source module, the image acquisition module, the carrier, the position detection module, the position fixing module and the carrier overturning module are all arranged inside the light-resistant shell, and the light-resistant shell is used for constructing a closed light environment, shielding external light noise pollution and improving the quality of acquired images.
The invention discloses a method for detecting the coating quality of a double-sided three-proofing paint based on a PCB, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: under the irradiation of ultraviolet light of the light source module, the upper computer acquires a template image of one side face of the carrier through the image acquisition module, sets a carrier target area on the template image, and sets one or more PCB areas to be detected in the carrier target area; if the carrier target area has the two-dimension code, setting a carrier two-dimension code reading area;
step 2: setting a coating-required area and a coating-prohibited area in each PCB area; if the two-dimension code exists in the PCB area, setting a PCB two-dimension code reading area;
and step 3: turning over the carrier, and repeating the step 1 and the step 2 to set each area on the other side face of the carrier;
and 4, step 4: the upper computer loads the template file; the upper computer enables the position detection module;
and 5: if the upper computer receives a signal that the carrier is in place, the upper computer controls the light source module to emit white light, the image acquisition module acquires an image, then controls the light source module to emit ultraviolet light, and the image acquisition module acquires the image;
step 6: the upper computer reads the two-dimensional codes of the carrier and the one or more PCBs to be detected respectively according to the collected images, and then detects the three-proofing paint coating quality of each PCB respectively;
the method for detecting the three-proofing paint coating quality of each PCB by the upper computer comprises the following steps:
step 6.1: dividing a coating area of the PCB to obtain a binary image representing the coating area, wherein the coating area is represented by white, and the coating area is represented by black;
step 6.2: respectively comparing the divided coating area images with the MASK image of the essential coating area and the MASK image of the coating-prohibited area to obtain a coating difference image;
in the essential coating region MASK chart, white indicates essential coating regions, and black indicates regions of no interest; in the coating-inhibited region MASK map, white represents a coating-inhibited region, and black represents a region of no interest;
step 6.3: in the coating difference map obtained by comparing the MASK map of the essential coating region, white represents an area of less coating, and black represents an area of correct coating or an area of no interest; in the coating difference map obtained by comparing the MASK map of the coating-inhibited region, white represents a multi-coated region, and black represents a correct uncoated region or a region of no interest;
if white dots exist on the obtained difference graph, coating errors exist;
the method for dividing the PCB coating area comprises the following steps:
step 6.1.1: performing channel segmentation on the RGB color image;
step 6.1.2: calculating a gray scale image by using a color index method;
step 6.1.3: carrying out threshold segmentation on the gray level image to obtain a binary image;
and 7: the upper computer controls the carrier overturning module to overturn the carrier by 180 degrees, and the step 5 and the step 6 are repeated;
and 8: the upper computer controls to lift the baffle of the position fixing module so that the carrier continues to move on the track; and returning to the step 5, and detecting the next carrier.
Furthermore, the gray value of the three-proofing paint coating area in the gray-scale image of the prominent blue element is obviously higher than that of the uncoated area, so that the three-proofing paint coating area can be accurately segmented by the next threshold operation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention realizes the automatic detection of the three-proofing paint coating quality, and realizes double-sided detection through the plate turning module, thereby shortening the length of a production line and reducing the cost; compared with a manual visual inspection method, the method can well eliminate the influence of subjective factors of detection personnel and ensure the efficiency and the precision;
(2) the method for dividing the three-proofing paint coating area by adopting the color index method is simple, has different fluorescence effects due to the difference between the self color influence of the components and the three-proofing paint coating thickness of each area on the chip, is not easy to distinguish images, is robust, and can quickly and accurately divide the coating area.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a PCB double-sided three-proofing paint coating quality detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a PCB double-sided three-proofing paint coating quality detection system in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is an overall flow chart of the PCB double-sided three-proofing paint coating quality detection method of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an image processing algorithm for detecting the three-proofing paint coating quality of each PCB by the upper computer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description, but the method of carrying out the invention is not limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the system for detecting the coating quality of a double-sided three-proofing paint of a PCB provided by the invention comprises an upper computer 1, a controller 2, a light-shielding shell 3, a first light source module 5, a second light source module 6, an image acquisition module 4, a carrier 9, a first position detection module 10, a second position detection module 12, a first position fixing module 11, a second position fixing module 13 and a carrier overturning module 8;
the first light source module 5, the second light source module 6, the image acquisition module 4, the carrier 9, the first position detection module 10, the second position detection module 12, the first position fixing module 11, the second position fixing module 13 and the carrier overturning module 8 are all positioned inside the light-shielding shell 3;
the upper computer 1 is connected with a first light source module 5, a second light source module 6, an image acquisition module 4, a first position detection module 10, a second position detection module 12, a first position fixing module 11, a second position fixing module 13 and a carrier overturning module 8 through a controller 2;
the carrier 9 is used for carrying four PCBs to be detected, namely a first PCB 14 to be detected, a second PCB15 to be detected, a third PCB16 to be detected and a fourth PCB 17 to be detected;
the first position detection module 10 and the second position detection module 12 are used for detecting the position of the carrier 9 on the track 7;
the first position fixing module 11 and the second position fixing module 13 are used for fixing the carrier 9;
the carrier turning module 8 is used for turning the fixed carrier 9 by 180 degrees, so that the image acquisition module 4 can acquire the coating conditions of the other surfaces of the four PCBs to be detected on the carrier 9, namely the first PCB 14 to be detected, the second PCB15 to be detected, the third PCB16 to be detected and the fourth PCB 17 to be detected;
the position detection module and the position fixing module are arranged in pairs;
the system comprises two position detection modules and two position fixing module pairs, wherein a first position detection module 10 and a first position fixing module 11 are a first pair, and a second position detection module 12 and a second position fixing module 13 are a second pair;
the position interval between the first position fixing module 11 and the second position fixing module 13 is equal to the length of the carrier 9;
when the carrier 9 passes through the first pair of position detection modules, the upper computer 1 controls the baffles of the second pair of position fixing modules to be put down; when the carrier 9 reaches the second pair of position detection modules, the upper computer 1 controls the baffle of the first pair of position fixing modules to fix the carrier 9, and the first pair of position fixing modules feeds back a signal that the carrier is in place to the upper computer 1;
after the upper computer 1 detects the three-proofing paint coating quality of the first side surface of the four PCBs to be detected on the carrier 9, namely the first PCB 14 to be detected, the second PCB15 to be detected, the third PCB16 to be detected and the fourth PCB 17 to be detected, the carrier turning module 8 is controlled to turn 180 degrees, when the carrier 9 is horizontally static again, the carrier turning module 8 feeds back a signal that the carrier is in place to the upper computer 1, the upper computer 1 controls the image acquisition module 4 to acquire an image of the current side surface of the carrier 9, the upper computer 1 detects the four PCBs to be detected on the carrier 9 according to the image, namely the first PCB 14 to be detected, the second PCB15 to be detected, the third PCB16 to be detected and the fourth PCB 17 to be detected.
The first light source module 5 and the second light source module 6 may alternately emit white light and ultraviolet light; the upper computer 1 controls the types of light waves emitted by the first light source module 5 and the second light source module 6 through the controller 2; the ultraviolet light can make the three-proofing paint coating of the PCB generate a fluorescent effect.
The image acquisition module 4 consists of a high-resolution camera and can acquire clear images of the carrier 9 and four PCBs to be detected, namely a first PCB 14 to be detected, a second PCB15 to be detected, a third PCB16 to be detected and a fourth PCB 17 to be detected; the resolution of the camera is determined by the coating detection accuracy; the upper computer 1 controls the image acquisition module 4 to acquire images through the controller 2, and the images are transmitted to the upper computer 1 through the controller 2 to be analyzed and processed; the upper computer 1 reads two-dimensional codes of the carrier 9 and four PCBs to be detected, namely a first PCB 14 to be detected, a second PCB15 to be detected, a third PCB16 to be detected and a fourth PCB 17 to be detected according to the image collected under white light; the upper computer 1 simultaneously detects the current side lacquer coating quality of four to-be-detected PCBs, namely a first to-be-detected PCB 14, a second to-be-detected PCB15, a third to-be-detected PCB16 and a fourth to-be-detected PCB 17, on the carrier 9 according to the image acquired under the ultraviolet light.
The first position detection module 10 and the second position detection module 12 are both composed of infrared sensors; the upper computer 1 receives output signals of the first position detection module 10 and the second position detection module 12 through the controller 2.
The first position fixing module 11 and the second position fixing module 13 are both composed of a baffle and a servo motor; the upper computer 1 controls the servo motor through the controller 2 to enable the baffle to be put down or lifted; the upper computer 1 receives output signals of the first position fixing module 11 and the second position fixing module 13 through the controller 2.
The carrier turning module 8 consists of a sub-controller, a motor, a clamp connected with a motor rotating shaft and a clamp position monitoring module; the upper computer 1 controls the carrier overturning module 8 through the controller 2 and receives an output signal of the carrier overturning module 8;
the clamp position monitoring module can detect the state that the clamp clamps or releases the carrier and can also detect whether the position direction of the clamp is horizontal; the position direction of the clamp is consistent with the position direction of the carrier 9;
when the sub-controller receives a 'start turning' signal of the upper computer 1, the clamp is controlled to clamp the carrier 9; when the clamp position monitoring module detects that the clamp is clamped, a carrier clamped signal is sent to the sub-controller; when the sub-controller receives the signal that the carrier is clamped, the sub-controller controls the motor to rotate 180 degrees; when the clamp position monitoring module detects that the position of the clamp is not horizontal, a carrier inclination signal is sent to a sub-controller; when the clamp position monitoring module detects the clamp position level, a carrier level signal is sent to the sub-controller; when the sub-controller receives the 'carrier level' signal again, the carrier 9 is turned over by 180 degrees, and the sub-controller controls the clamp to be loosened; when the clamp position monitoring module detects that the clamp is released, a signal that the carrier is released is sent to a sub-controller; when the sub-controller receives the 'vehicle is released' signal, the sub-controller sends a 'vehicle is in place' signal to the upper computer 1.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, a detection method based on the above-mentioned PCB double-sided three-proofing paint coating quality detection system includes the following steps:
step 1: under the ultraviolet irradiation of the first light source module 5 and the second light source module 6, the upper computer 1 obtains a template image of one side surface of the carrier 9 through the image acquisition module 4, sets a carrier target area on the template image, and sets four PCB areas to be detected in the carrier target area; if the carrier target area has the two-dimension code, setting a carrier two-dimension code reading area;
step 2: setting a coating-required area and a coating-prohibited area in each PCB area; if the two-dimension code exists in the PCB area, setting a PCB two-dimension code reading area;
and step 3: turning over the carrier 9, and repeating the step 2 and the step 3 to set each area on the other side surface of the carrier 9;
and 4, step 4: the upper computer 1 loads a template file; the upper computer 1 enables the first position detection module 10 and the second position detection module 12;
and 5: if the upper computer 1 receives a signal that the carrier is in place, the first light source module 5 and the second light source module 6 are controlled to emit white light, images are collected and stored through the image collection module 4, then the first light source module 5 and the second light source module 6 are controlled to emit ultraviolet light, and the images are collected through the image collection module 4;
step 6: the upper computer 1 firstly reads two-dimensional codes of a carrier 9 and four PCBs to be detected, namely a first PCB 14 to be detected, a second PCB15 to be detected, a third PCB16 to be detected and a fourth PCB 17 to be detected respectively according to the collected images, and then detects the three-proofing paint coating quality of each PCB respectively;
the algorithm for detecting the coating quality of the three-proofing paint of each PCB by the upper computer 1 is as follows:
step 6.1: dividing a coating area of the PCB to obtain a binary image representing the coating area;
step 6.2: respectively comparing the divided coating area images with the MASK image of the essential coating area and the MASK image of the coating-prohibited area to obtain a coating difference image;
in the essential coating region MASK chart, white indicates essential coating regions, and black indicates regions of no interest; in the MASK map of the coating-inhibited region, white represents the coating-inhibited region, and black represents the region of no interest
Step 6.3: in the coating difference map obtained by comparing the MASK map of the essential coating region, white represents an area of less coating, and black represents an area of correct coating or an area of no interest; in the coating difference map obtained by comparing the MASK map of the coating-inhibited region, white represents a multi-coated region, and black represents a correctly coated region or a region of no interest;
if a white dot exists on the obtained difference map, it indicates that a coating error exists.
Step 6.4: and if the upper computer 1 detects that the three-proofing paint coating quality of the first PCB 14 to be detected, the second PCB15 to be detected, the third PCB16 to be detected or the fourth PCB 17 to be detected has defects, popping up an alarm window.
The PCB coating area segmentation algorithm comprises the following steps:
step 6.1.1: performing channel segmentation on the RGB color image;
step 6.1.2: calculating a gray level image of the highlighted blue element by using a color index method; a calculation formula of the color index method applied in this embodiment is GREY ═ 1.3B-R, where GREY represents a calculated grayscale image, B represents a B channel image of an original RGB image, and R represents an R channel image of the original RGB image; the calculation formula can well highlight the blue element in the original color image, effectively inhibit the red element in the image, and is robust to the interference of the self color (generally black or red) of the on-chip element, so that the upper surface area of the element with weak fluorescence effect in the obtained gray-scale image also has a higher pixel value;
step 6.1.3: and (3) adaptively selecting a threshold value by using an OTSU (over the Top) method, and performing threshold value segmentation on the gray-scale image to obtain a binary image representing a three-proofing paint coating area.
And 7: the upper computer 1 controls the carrier overturning module 8 to overturn the carrier 9 by 180 degrees, and the step 5 and the step 6 are repeated;
and 8: the upper computer 1 controls the lifting of the baffles of the first position fixing module 11 and the second position fixing module 13, so that the carrier 9 continues to move on the track 7; returning to step 6, the next carrier 9 is detected.
The above description is only an example of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for detecting the coating quality of PCB double-sided three-proofing paint is characterized in that the method is realized based on a PCB double-sided three-proofing paint coating quality detection system, and the system comprises an upper computer, a controller, a light source module, an image acquisition module, a carrier, a position detection module, a position fixing module and a carrier overturning module;
the upper computer is connected with the light source module, the image acquisition module, the position detection module, the position fixing module and the carrier overturning module through the controller;
the carrier is used for carrying one or more PCBs to be detected;
the position detection module is used for detecting the position of the carrier on the track;
the position fixing module is used for fixing the carrier;
the carrier overturning module is used for overturning the fixed carrier by 180 degrees, so that the image acquisition module can acquire the coating condition of the other surface of the one or more PCBs to be detected on the carrier;
the position detection module and the position fixing module are arranged in pair;
the system comprises two of the position detection module and the position fixing module pairs; the position interval between the two position fixing modules is equal to the length of the carrier;
when the carrier passes through the position detection modules of the first pair, the upper computer controls the baffle of the position fixing module of the second pair to be put down; when the carrier reaches the second pair of position detection modules, the upper computer controls the baffle of the first pair of position fixing modules to be put down to fix the carrier, and the first pair of position fixing modules feeds back a signal that the carrier is in place to the upper computer;
after the upper computer detects the three-proofing paint coating quality of the first side face of the PCB on the carrier, the carrier overturning module is controlled to overturn by 180 degrees, when the carrier is horizontally static again, the carrier overturning module feeds back a carrier in-place signal to the upper computer, the upper computer controls the image acquisition module to acquire an image of the current side face of the carrier, and the upper computer detects the three-proofing paint coating quality of the current side face of the carrier according to the image;
the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: under the irradiation of ultraviolet light of the light source module, the upper computer acquires a template image of one side face of the carrier through the image acquisition module, sets a carrier target area on the template image, and sets one or more PCB areas to be detected in the carrier target area; if the carrier target area has the two-dimension code, setting a carrier two-dimension code reading area;
step 2: setting a coating-required area and a coating-prohibited area in each PCB area; if the two-dimension code exists in the PCB area, setting a PCB two-dimension code reading area;
and step 3: turning over the carrier, and repeating the step 1 and the step 2 to set each area on the other side face of the carrier to obtain a template file;
and 4, step 4: the upper computer loads the template file; the upper computer enables the position detection module;
and 5: if the upper computer receives a signal that the carrier is in place, the upper computer controls the light source module to emit white light, the image acquisition module acquires an image, then controls the light source module to emit ultraviolet light, and the image acquisition module acquires the image;
step 6: the upper computer reads the two-dimensional codes of the carrier and the one or more PCBs to be detected respectively according to the collected images, and then detects the three-proofing paint coating quality of each PCB respectively;
the method for detecting the three-proofing paint coating quality of each PCB by the upper computer comprises the following steps:
step 6.1: dividing a PCB coating area to obtain a binary image representing the coating area, wherein the coating area is represented by white, and the coating area is represented by black;
step 6.2: comparing the divided coating region images with the MASK map of the essential coating region and the MASK map of the inhibited coating region respectively to obtain a coating difference map;
in the essential coating region MASK chart, white indicates essential coating regions, and black indicates regions of no interest; in the coating-inhibited region MASK map, white represents a coating-inhibited region, and black represents a region of no interest;
step 6.3: in the coating difference map obtained by comparing the MASK map of the essential coating region, white represents an area of less coating, and black represents an area of correct coating or an area of no interest; in the coating difference map obtained by comparing the MASK map of the coating-inhibited region, white represents a multi-coated region, and black represents a correctly coated region or a region of no interest;
if a white area exists on the obtained difference graph, the coating error exists;
the method for dividing the PCB coating area comprises the following steps:
step 6.1.1: performing channel segmentation on the RGB color image;
step 6.1.2: calculating a gray level image by using a color index method, wherein the color index method obtains the gray level image of the highlighted blue element through linear or nonlinear operation among color channels;
step 6.1.3: carrying out threshold segmentation on the gray level image to obtain a binary image;
and 7: the upper computer controls the carrier overturning module to overturn the carrier by 180 degrees, and the step 5 and the step 6 are repeated;
and 8: the upper computer controls to lift the baffle of the position fixing module so that the carrier continues to move on the track; and returning to the step 5, and detecting the next carrier.
2. The method for detecting the coating quality of the PCB double-sided three-proofing paint according to claim 1, wherein the light source module can alternately emit white light and ultraviolet light;
the upper computer controls the type of the light wave emitted by the light source module through the controller;
the ultraviolet light can enable the three-proofing paint coating of the PCB to generate a fluorescent effect.
3. The method for detecting the coating quality of the PCB double-sided three-proofing paint according to claim 1, wherein the image acquisition module consists of a high-resolution camera and can acquire clear images of the carrier and the one or more PCBs to be detected; the resolution of the camera is determined by the coating detection accuracy;
the upper computer controls the image acquisition module to acquire images through the controller, and the images are transmitted to the upper computer through the controller to be analyzed and processed;
the upper computer reads the two-dimensional codes of the carrier and the one or more PCBs to be detected according to the image collected under the white light; the two-dimensional code data has uniqueness and is used as a key value in a data storage;
and the upper computer simultaneously detects the coating quality of the current side three-proofing paint of the one or more PCBs to be detected on the carrier according to the image collected under the ultraviolet light.
4. The method for detecting the coating quality of the PCB double-sided three-proofing paint according to claim 1, wherein the position detection module is composed of an infrared sensor;
and the upper computer receives the output signal of the position detection module through the controller.
5. The method for detecting the coating quality of the PCB double-sided three-proofing paint according to claim 1, wherein the position fixing module consists of a baffle and a servo motor;
the upper computer controls the servo motor through the controller to enable the baffle to be put down or lifted;
and the upper computer receives the output signal of the position fixing module through the controller.
6. The method for detecting the coating quality of the PCB double-sided three-proofing paint, according to claim 1, is characterized in that the carrier turning module consists of a sub-controller, a motor, a clamp connected with a rotating shaft of the motor and a clamp position monitoring module;
the upper computer controls the carrier overturning module to overturn the carrier through the controller;
the upper computer receives an output signal of the carrier turning module through the controller;
the clamp position monitoring module can detect the state that the clamp clamps or releases the carrier and can also detect whether the position direction of the clamp is horizontal; the position direction of the clamp is consistent with the position direction of the carrier;
when the sub-controller receives a 'turning on' signal of the upper computer, the sub-controller controls the clamp to clamp the carrier; when the clamp position monitoring module detects that the clamp is clamped, sending a 'carrier clamped' signal to the sub-controller; when the sub-controller receives a 'carrier clamped' signal, the sub-controller controls the motor to rotate for 180 degrees; when the clamp position monitoring module detects that the clamp position is not horizontal, a carrier inclination signal is sent to the sub-controller; when the clamp position monitoring module detects the clamp position level, a carrier level signal is sent to the sub-controller; when the sub-controller receives the 'carrier level' signal again, the carrier is turned over by 180 degrees, and the sub-controller controls the clamp to be released; sending a "vehicle released" signal to the sub-controller when the clamp position monitoring module detects that the clamp has been released; and when the sub-controller receives the 'the carrier is loosened' signal, the sub-controller sends a 'the carrier is in place' signal to the upper computer.
7. The method for detecting the coating quality of the PCB with the double-sided three-proofing paint, according to claim 1, is characterized in that the system further comprises an alarm module, and if the upper computer detects that the coating quality of the PCB with the three-proofing paint has a defect, the alarm module is started.
8. The method for detecting the coating quality of the PCB double-sided three-proofing paint, according to claim 1, is characterized in that the system further comprises a light-shielding shell, the light source module, the image acquisition module, the carrier, the position detection module, the position fixing module and the carrier overturning module are all arranged inside the light-shielding shell, and the light-shielding shell is used for constructing a closed light environment, shielding external light noise pollution and improving the quality of acquired images.
9. The method for detecting the coating quality of the PCB double-sided three-proofing paint according to claim 1, wherein the gray value of the three-proofing paint coating area in the gray-scale map of the protruded blue element is obviously higher than that of the uncoated area, so that the three-proofing paint coating area can be accurately segmented by the next threshold operation.
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| CN110530896A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-12-03 | 珠海格力智能装备有限公司 | Detection method and device, storage medium, processor |
| CN111521557A (en) * | 2020-05-30 | 2020-08-11 | 深圳市恒湖科技有限公司 | UV detection equipment with overturning function |
| CN113689387B (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2024-02-09 | 河北晨虹油漆有限公司 | Coating detecting system based on big data |
| CN112275483A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2021-01-29 | 惠州市德赛西威汽车电子股份有限公司 | Multifunctional three-proofing paint coating equipment and control method thereof |
| CN113092485A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-07-09 | 广东剑鑫科技股份有限公司 | Three-proofing paint coating quality detection system and method |
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