CN108973587B - Automobile heat pump air conditioning system and control method - Google Patents
Automobile heat pump air conditioning system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108973587B CN108973587B CN201810697434.XA CN201810697434A CN108973587B CN 108973587 B CN108973587 B CN 108973587B CN 201810697434 A CN201810697434 A CN 201810697434A CN 108973587 B CN108973587 B CN 108973587B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
- B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
- B60H1/00899—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
- B60H2001/00307—Component temperature regulation using a liquid flow
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
- B60H2001/00928—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising a secondary circuit
Abstract
The invention provides an automobile heat pump air conditioning system and a control method, wherein the system comprises a compressor (1), an external heat exchanger (3), an internal heat exchanger (4) and a first throttling device (6), and further comprises a parallel branch (15), wherein a first end of the parallel branch (15) is connected at a position between the external heat exchanger (3) and the first throttling device (6), and a second end of the parallel branch (15) is connected at a position between the compressor (1) and the internal heat exchanger (4); the parallel branch (15) is also provided with a second throttling device (7) and a phase-change energy storage module (8), and the phase-change energy storage module (8) can store heat generated by a heating component in an automobile and exchange heat with a refrigerant in the parallel branch (15). The invention can utilize the heat generated by the heating component (especially the battery pack) in the automobile as a low-grade heat source during defrosting, thereby improving the comfort in the automobile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of air conditioners, and particularly relates to an automobile heat pump air conditioning system and a control method.
Background
In the winter low temperature working condition, the heat exchanger outside the automobile can frost in the running process, the heat exchange area is increased along with the increase of the thickness of the frost layer, and the heat conduction resistance of the frost layer is not obviously increased at the moment, but the heat exchange quantity is increased again and again along with the further increase of the thickness of the frost layer, and the heat exchange quantity is almost linearly reduced.
The hot gas defrosting is divided into reversing defrosting and bypass hot gas defrosting, the conventional reversing defrosting needs to be switched into a refrigerating mode, low-temperature refrigerant flows through the inside heat exchanger, the influence on the temperature in the cabin is large, temperature fluctuation is caused, and the comfort of drivers and passengers is influenced.
When an air conditioning system of the automobile heat pump air conditioner in the prior art is switched to a refrigeration mode for defrosting, a large amount of low-temperature refrigerant flows through the inner side heat exchanger, so that the influence on the temperature in the automobile cabin is large, temperature fluctuation is caused, and the comfort of drivers and passengers is influenced; when the air conditioning system is switched to a refrigerating mode for defrosting, condensed water is arranged on the inner side heat exchanger, and after the air conditioning system is switched to a heating mode, the window can be quickly fogged, so that the running safety is influenced; the rapid temperature change can impact the performance of the battery and affect the performance of the battery, so the invention designs an automobile heat pump air conditioning system and a control method.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects that in the prior art, the defrosting of the heat pump air conditioner of the automobile has a large influence on the temperature in the automobile cabin in a refrigeration mode, so that the temperature fluctuation is caused and the comfort of drivers is influenced, thereby providing an air conditioning system of the heat pump of the automobile and a control method.
The invention provides an automobile heat pump air conditioning system, which comprises a compressor, an external heat exchanger, an internal heat exchanger, a first throttling device and a parallel branch, wherein the first end of the parallel branch is connected to a position between the external heat exchanger and the first throttling device, and the second end of the parallel branch is connected to a position between the compressor and the internal heat exchanger;
the parallel branch is also provided with a second throttling device and a phase-change energy storage module, and the phase-change energy storage module can store heat generated by a heating component in the automobile and exchange heat with the refrigerant in the parallel branch.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the phase-change energy storage module is characterized by further comprising a waste heat radiation circulation loop, wherein a heating component heat exchanger is arranged on the waste heat radiation circulation loop and can exchange heat with the heating component, and the waste heat radiation circulation loop penetrates through the phase-change energy storage module and exchanges heat with a refrigerant in the parallel branch.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the cooling liquid in the waste heat radiation circulation loop,
and a liquid pump and/or a liquid storage tank are/is also arranged on the waste heat radiation circulation loop.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the heating component is a battery pack in an automobile, the system further comprises a temperature detection element capable of detecting the temperature of the battery pack, and the phase-change energy storage module is arranged at a position adjacent to the battery pack.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the first throttling device comprises a first electronic expansion valve and a first stop valve; and/or the second throttling device comprises a second electronic expansion valve and a second stop valve.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the air injection enthalpy-increasing compressor is characterized in that the compressor is an air injection enthalpy-increasing compressor, a flash generator is further connected between the heat exchanger outside the vehicle and the heat exchanger in the vehicle, the flash generator further comprises a medium-pressure output end, the medium-pressure output end is connected with a medium-pressure air inlet of the air injection enthalpy-increasing compressor, and the flash generator further comprises a low-pressure output end, and the low-pressure output end is connected with the heat exchanger in the vehicle.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
and a third electronic expansion valve is further arranged between the low-pressure output end and the heat exchanger in the vehicle.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the electric heating device is arranged at the position of the heat exchanger in the vehicle so as to heat air flowing through the electric heating device.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the electric heating element is a PTC electric heating element.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the outlet end of the compressor is also provided with a four-way valve, and four ends of the four-way valve are respectively connected to the heat exchanger outside the vehicle, the heat exchanger in the vehicle, the outlet end of the compressor and the inlet end of the compressor.
The invention also provides a control method of the automobile heat pump air conditioning system, which uses the automobile heat pump air conditioning system of any one of the previous claims to perform refrigeration mode control, heating mode control, defrosting mode control, refrigerant cooling mode control and mode switching control on an automobile.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
when a four-way valve is further provided at the outlet end of the compressor, four ends of the four-way valve are respectively connected to the outside heat exchanger, the inside heat exchanger, the outlet end of the compressor, and the inlet end of the compressor:
when the air conditioner is required to operate in a refrigeration mode, the first throttling device is controlled to be opened, the second throttling device is controlled to be closed, and the four-way valve is controlled to enable the outlet end of the compressor to be communicated with the heat exchanger outside the vehicle and the inlet end of the compressor to be communicated with the heat exchanger inside the vehicle;
when the air conditioner needs to operate in a heating mode, the first throttling device is controlled to be opened, the second throttling device is controlled to be closed, and the four-way valve is controlled to enable the outlet end of the compressor to be communicated with the heat exchanger in the automobile and the inlet end of the compressor to be communicated with the heat exchanger outside the automobile;
when the device is required to operate in a defrosting mode, the first throttling device is controlled to be closed, the second throttling device is controlled to be opened, the four-way valve is controlled to enable the outlet end of the compressor to be communicated with the heat exchanger outside the vehicle, and the inlet end of the compressor to be communicated with the phase-change energy storage module.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
when the heating component is a battery pack, the system further comprises a temperature detection element capable of detecting the temperature of the battery pack, and when the temperature of the battery pack is detected to be greater than a preset value, a refrigerant cooling mode is entered:
the first throttling device and the second throttling device are controlled to be opened, the four-way valve is controlled to enable the outlet end of the compressor to be communicated with the heat exchanger outside the vehicle, the inlet end of the compressor is respectively communicated with the heat exchanger inside the vehicle and the phase change energy storage module, and the parallel branch is arranged at two ends of a series pipeline of the first throttling device and the heat exchanger inside the vehicle in parallel.
The automobile heat pump air conditioning system and the control method provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the parallel branch is arranged, the second throttling device and the phase-change energy storage module are arranged on the parallel branch, so that heat generated by the heating component can be stored and exchanged with the refrigerant in the parallel branch, the heat generated by the heating component (especially the battery pack) in the automobile can be effectively utilized, and the heat is collected and stored in the phase-change energy storage module and used as a low-grade heat source in defrosting, and when defrosting is realized, the heat exchanger on the inner side of the automobile does not flow through the low-temperature refrigerant, so that the temperature fluctuation in the automobile cabin is reduced, and the comfort in the automobile is improved; meanwhile, as the indoor refrigeration is not needed, condensed water is not generated on the indoor heat exchanger, the problem of window fogging caused by conventional reversing defrosting is effectively solved, and the safety running coefficient is improved;
2. according to the invention, the temperature of the battery pack can be reduced by using a conventional cooling liquid system (waste heat radiating circulation loop) through the phase-change energy storage module, when the temperature reduction by using the conventional cooling liquid system can not meet the requirement, the battery pack can be synchronously cooled by using a refrigerant flow path, the reliability of the battery pack is improved, the energy storage module can also buffer the impact on the performance of the battery pack when the temperature changes sharply, and the service life of the battery is prolonged; the phase-change energy storage module is provided with the cooling liquid channel and the refrigerant channel simultaneously, so that two modes of cooling circulation can be provided when the battery pack needs to be cooled in summer, and different cooling requirements of the battery pack are met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an automotive heat pump air conditioning system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the heat pump air conditioning system of the present invention in a first refrigeration cycle mode;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the heat pump air conditioning system of the present invention in a second refrigeration cycle mode (the phase change energy storage module exchanges heat);
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat pump air conditioning system of the present invention in a heating cycle mode;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the automotive heat pump air conditioning system of the present invention in a defrost cycle mode;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a first alternative embodiment of the automotive heat pump air conditioning system of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a second alternative embodiment of an automotive heat pump air conditioning system of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a third alternative embodiment of the heat pump air conditioning system for a vehicle of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the drawings are as follows:
1. a compressor; 2. a four-way valve; 3. an off-vehicle heat exchanger; 4. an in-vehicle heat exchanger; 5. a liquid storage tank; 6. a first throttle device; 7. a second throttle device; 8. a phase change energy storage module; 9. a liquid pump; 10. a heating component heat exchanger; 11. a liquid storage tank; 12. a third electronic expansion valve; 13. a flash; 14. an electrical heating element; 15. a parallel branch; 16. and a waste heat radiation circulation loop.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the present invention provides an automotive heat pump air conditioning system, which comprises a compressor 1, an external heat exchanger 3, an internal heat exchanger 4 and a first throttle device 6, and further comprises a parallel branch 15, wherein a first end of the parallel branch 15 is connected at a position between the external heat exchanger 3 and the first throttle device 6, and a second end of the parallel branch 15 is connected at a position between the compressor 1 and the internal heat exchanger 4;
the parallel branch 15 is further provided with a second throttling device 7 and a phase-change energy storage module 8, and the phase-change energy storage module 8 can store heat generated by a heating component in the automobile and exchange heat with a refrigerant in the parallel branch 15.
According to the invention, the parallel branch is arranged, the second throttling device and the phase-change energy storage module are arranged on the parallel branch, so that heat generated by the heating component can be stored and exchanged with the refrigerant in the parallel branch, the heat generated by the heating component (especially the battery pack) in the automobile can be effectively utilized, and the heat is collected and stored in the phase-change energy storage module and used as a low-grade heat source in defrosting, and when defrosting is realized, the heat exchanger on the inner side of the automobile does not flow through the low-temperature refrigerant, so that the temperature fluctuation in the automobile cabin is reduced, and the comfort in the automobile is improved; meanwhile, as the indoor refrigeration is not needed, condensed water is not generated on the indoor heat exchanger, the problem of window fogging caused by conventional reversing defrosting is effectively solved, and the safety running coefficient is improved.
The invention designs a heat pump air conditioning system capable of providing defrosting heat by utilizing waste heat of a battery pack, in particular to a heat pump air conditioning system which utilizes a phase change energy storage module to collect waste heat emitted by the battery pack during heating operation in winter, and then uses the waste heat as a low-grade heat source to provide heat required during defrosting when the air conditioning system needs defrosting circulation, so that low-temperature refrigerant does not flow through an inner side heat exchanger during defrosting, and the influence of reversing defrosting on the temperature in a vehicle cabin and driving safety is reduced;
the phase-change energy storage module can utilize a conventional cooling liquid system (waste heat radiation circulation loop) to reduce the temperature of the battery pack, and can synchronously utilize a refrigerant flow path to cool the battery pack when the conventional cooling liquid system is utilized to cool the battery pack and the requirement cannot be met, so that the reliability of the battery pack is improved, and the energy storage module can also buffer the impact on the performance of the battery pack when the temperature changes sharply and prolong the service life of the battery; the phase-change energy storage module is provided with the cooling liquid channel and the refrigerant channel simultaneously, so that two modes of cooling circulation can be provided when the battery pack needs to be cooled in summer, and different cooling requirements of the battery pack are met.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the heat-exchanging system further comprises a waste heat radiation circulation loop 16 (i.e. a cooling liquid pipeline), wherein the waste heat radiation circulation loop 16 is provided with a heat-generating component heat exchanger 10, the heat-generating component heat exchanger 10 can exchange heat with the heat-generating component, and the waste heat radiation circulation loop 16 penetrates through the phase-change energy storage module 8 to exchange heat with a refrigerant in the parallel branch 15 (i.e. a refrigerant pipeline).
The invention is a further preferable structural form, namely, the heat exchanger of the heating component can exchange heat to the heating component (preferably a battery pack in an automobile), absorbs heat generated by the heating component, and brings the heat out through fluid by a waste heat radiating circulation loop to a phase-change energy storage module to be stored, and when a heat pump air conditioning system needs defrosting, the heat in the phase-change energy storage module is released to exchange heat with a refrigerant in a parallel branch, the heat is transferred to the refrigerant, and the heat is used for defrosting so as to avoid influence on comfort and fog generation in the automobile caused by heat absorption from the interior of the automobile. And in addition, the phase-change energy storage module is provided with a cooling liquid channel and a refrigerant channel at the same time, so that two modes of cooling circulation can be provided when the battery pack needs to be cooled in summer, and different cooling requirements of the battery pack are met.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
a cooling fluid (preferably water) is circulated through the waste heat removal cycle 16,
and a liquid pump 9 and/or a liquid tank 11 (preferably an expansion tank) are also provided on the waste heat radiation circulation circuit 16. The waste heat dissipation circulation loop is a preferred cooling liquid flowing through the fluid in the waste heat dissipation circulation loop, water can flow through the cooling liquid to cool the heating component (preferably a battery pack) at the heat exchanger, the heat is conveyed and transferred, the phase change energy storage module stores the heat and is used for defrosting when appropriate, and the liquid pump (preferably a water pump) can provide power for pumping water flow, so that the liquid storage tank is used for storing the cooling liquid.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the heating component is a battery pack in an automobile, the system further comprises a temperature detection element capable of detecting the temperature of the battery pack, and the phase-change energy storage module 8 is arranged at a position adjacent to the battery pack. The heating component is selected as the battery pack in the automobile, the cost generated by the battery pack can be recovered through the automobile air-conditioning heat pump system and used for defrosting when the heat exchanger outside the automobile of the heat pump system frosts, the temperature of the battery pack can be detected through the temperature detection element, whether the temperature is too high or not is judged according to the temperature, whether the conventional cooling liquid cannot meet the requirement or not, the temperature of the battery pack cannot be reduced to a safe range or not can be reduced, and at the moment, the phase-change energy storage module can be started to cool the battery through refrigerant heat exchange at the same time, so that the safe service performance of the battery pack is improved.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the first throttle device 6 comprises a first electronic expansion valve and a first stop valve; and/or the second throttling means 7 comprise a second electronic expansion valve and a second shut-off valve. The first throttling device and the second throttling device are preferably in specific structural forms, can decompress and expand refrigerants flowing in corresponding pipelines, and can control the on-off action of the pipelines.
According to the invention, the phase-change energy storage module is used for collecting waste heat emitted by the battery pack during heating operation, and then the waste heat is used as a low-grade heat source for providing heat required during defrosting when an air conditioning system needs defrosting circulation, so that low-temperature refrigerant does not flow through an inner side heat exchanger during defrosting, and the influence of reversing defrosting on the temperature in a vehicle cabin and driving safety is reduced.
The implementation method comprises the following steps:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system structure, and the whole system comprises an electric compressor 1, a four-way valve 2, an external heat exchanger 3, an internal heat exchanger 4, a liquid storage tank 5, a first throttling device 6, a second throttling device 7, a phase-change energy storage module 8, a liquid pump 9, a heating component heat exchanger 10 and a liquid storage tank 11; the compressor 1 is connected with the in-vehicle heat exchanger 4 and the out-vehicle heat exchanger 3 through the four-way valve 2, and the liquid storage tank 5 is connected with the compressor 1 through the four-way valve 2; the heat exchanger 4 in the vehicle and the heat exchanger 3 outside the vehicle are connected together through a first throttling device 6; the second throttling device 7 is connected before the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 3 and the phase change energy storage module 8; the liquid pump 9 connects the heating element heat exchanger 10 and the cooling branch of the phase change energy storage module 8 together.
Fig. 2 shows a first refrigeration cycle, in which the second throttling device 7 is closed, high-temperature and high-pressure gas from the compressor 1 flows to the external heat exchanger 3 through the four-way valve 2, is throttled by the first throttling device 6 after cooling, and is evaporated in the internal heat exchanger 4 to absorb heat and then returns to the compressor to complete the cycle. And if the temperature is higher than the value a, starting the liquid pump 9, and cooling the cooling liquid of the battery by using the heat exchanger 10 of the heating component to achieve the aim of reducing the temperature of the battery.
Fig. 3 is a second refrigeration cycle, in which it is detected that the temperature of the battery pack is greater than the b value, the battery pack cannot be cooled by using the cooling liquid, at this time, the cooling needs to be performed by using the refrigerant, the second throttling device 7 is opened to a certain opening degree, the flow rate of the refrigerant in the system is regulated, the cooling of the battery pack is realized while the temperature drop requirement in the cabin is satisfied, and the specific cycle is that the refrigerant condensed by the external heat exchanger 3 is divided into two paths, one path of the refrigerant is throttled and flows into the internal heat exchanger 4 for evaporation, the other path of the refrigerant flows into the phase-change energy storage module 8 after being throttled, and then the two paths of the refrigerant are mixed and return to the compressor, thereby completing the cycle.
Fig. 4 shows a heating cycle, the second throttling device 7 is in a closed state, high-temperature and high-pressure gas from the compressor 1 enters the heat exchanger 4 in the vehicle after passing through the four-way valve 2, is throttled by the first throttling device 6 after condensation, flows into the heat exchanger 3 outside the vehicle, and returns to the compressor to complete the cycle. At the same time, the phase change energy storage module 8 stores the waste heat generated by the battery during this time.
Fig. 5 shows a defrosting cycle, when a defrosting signal is detected, the first throttling device 6 is closed, the second throttling device 7 is opened, the refrigerant from the compressor 1 flows into the external heat exchanger 3, the condensed refrigerant enters the phase change energy storage module 8 for heat exchange after being throttled by the second throttling device 7, then returns to the compressor, and when a defrosting end signal is detected, the cycle is exited.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
as shown in fig. 6, the compressor 1 is an enhanced vapor injection compressor, a flash evaporator 13 is further connected between the external heat exchanger 3 and the internal heat exchanger 4, the flash evaporator 13 further includes a medium-pressure output end, the medium-pressure output end is connected with a medium-pressure air inlet of the enhanced vapor injection compressor, the flash evaporator 13 further includes a low-pressure output end, and the low-pressure output end is connected with the internal heat exchanger 4. The heat pump air conditioning system is a first alternative implementation mode, the function and the effect of enthalpy increase can be realized through the air injection enthalpy-increasing compressor and the flash evaporator, the situation that the heat pump air conditioning system cannot operate in an off-vehicle low-temperature environment and cannot defrost normally can be further avoided, the refrigerating and heating performance of the system is improved, and the normal operation degree of the system is improved.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
a third electronic expansion valve 12 is also arranged between the low-pressure output end and the in-vehicle heat exchanger 4. The third electronic expansion valve can be arranged to control the pipeline.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the vehicle further comprises an electric heating element 14, and the electric heating element 14 is arranged at the position of the in-vehicle heat exchanger 4 so as to heat air flowing through the electric heating element 14. The second alternative embodiment of the heat pump air conditioning system of the invention is shown in fig. 7, namely, the electric heating component is arranged to start electric heating during defrosting circulation of the system, so that the uninterrupted heat supply function in the vehicle cabin is realized, and when the heating quantity of the system cannot meet the requirement during low-temperature heating, the heating quantity of the system is started to be increased, and when the defrosting circulation is performed, the PTC is started to realize the uninterrupted heat supply in the vehicle cabin. As shown in fig. 8, this is a second alternative embodiment of the heat pump air conditioning system of the present invention, that is, the enthalpy-increasing structure and the electric heating element are jointly arranged, and meanwhile, the functions of enthalpy-increasing and electric auxiliary heating are realized, so that the cooling and heating performance of the system can be improved, and meanwhile, the comfort in the vehicle cabin during defrosting can be improved.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the electrical heating element 14 is a PTC electrical heating element. The electric heating element is a preferable type of the electric heating element, and can realize positive temperature coefficient heating, namely, the air flow is always heated, so that the indoor heating comfort degree is improved.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the outlet end of the compressor 1 is also provided with a four-way valve 2, and four ends of the four-way valve 2 are respectively connected to the external heat exchanger 3, the internal heat exchanger 4, the outlet end of the compressor and the inlet end of the compressor. The four-way valve is arranged to control the mode switching of the heat pump air conditioning system, so that the use requirements of users in the vehicle are met, and the control and the switching control of modes such as a heating mode, a refrigerating mode, a defrosting mode and the like are realized.
The invention also provides a control method of the automobile heat pump air conditioning system, which uses the automobile heat pump air conditioning system of any one of the previous claims to perform refrigeration mode control, heating mode control, defrosting mode control, refrigerant cooling mode control and mode switching control on an automobile.
The invention can store the heat generated by the heating component and exchange heat with the refrigerant in the parallel branch, effectively utilize the heat generated by the heating component (especially the battery pack) in the automobile, collect and store the heat in the phase-change energy storage module and use the heat as a low-grade heat source during defrosting, and can realize that the heat exchanger on the inner side of the automobile does not flow through the low-temperature refrigerant during defrosting, thereby reducing the temperature fluctuation in the automobile cabin, reducing the influence of reversing defrosting on the temperature and driving safety in the automobile cabin and improving the comfort in the automobile; meanwhile, as the indoor refrigeration is not needed, condensed water is not generated on the indoor heat exchanger, the problem of window fogging caused by conventional reversing defrosting is effectively solved, and the safety running coefficient is improved;
the phase-change energy storage module can utilize a conventional cooling liquid system (waste heat radiation circulation loop) to reduce the temperature of the battery pack, and can synchronously utilize a refrigerant flow path to cool the battery pack when the conventional cooling liquid system is utilized to cool the battery pack and the requirement cannot be met, so that the reliability of the battery pack is improved, and the energy storage module can also buffer the impact on the performance of the battery pack when the temperature changes sharply and prolong the service life of the battery; the phase-change energy storage module is provided with the cooling liquid channel and the refrigerant channel simultaneously, so that two modes of cooling circulation can be provided when the battery pack needs to be cooled in summer, and different cooling requirements of the battery pack are met.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
when a four-way valve 2 is further provided at the outlet end of the compressor 1, four ends of the four-way valve 2 are connected to the outside heat exchanger 3, the inside heat exchanger 4, the outlet end of the compressor, and the inlet end of the compressor, respectively:
when the air conditioner needs to operate in a refrigeration mode, the first throttling device 6 is controlled to be opened, the second throttling device 7 is controlled to be closed, the four-way valve 2 is controlled to enable the outlet end of the compressor to be communicated with the external heat exchanger 3, and the inlet end of the compressor to be communicated with the internal heat exchanger 4;
when the air conditioner needs to operate in a heating mode, the first throttling device 6 is controlled to be opened, the second throttling device 7 is controlled to be closed, the four-way valve 2 is controlled to enable the outlet end of the compressor to be communicated with the in-vehicle heat exchanger 4, and the inlet end of the compressor to be communicated with the out-vehicle heat exchanger 3;
when the vehicle is required to operate in the defrosting mode, the first throttling device 6 is controlled to be closed, the second throttling device 7 is controlled to be opened, the four-way valve 2 is controlled to enable the outlet end of the compressor to be communicated with the external heat exchanger 3, and the inlet end of the compressor to be communicated with the phase-change energy storage module 8.
The vehicle heat pump air conditioning system is a specific control means and a control method of a specific refrigeration mode, a heating mode and a defrosting mode, can effectively realize the defrosting functions and actions of the vehicle interior refrigeration, heating and the vehicle exterior heat exchanger, and provides heat required by defrosting through the phase change energy storage module, so that the influence on the vehicle interior comfort degree caused by heat absorption from the vehicle interior during defrosting is avoided, fog in the vehicle is avoided, meanwhile, the heat of the battery pack is effectively absorbed and utilized, the reliability of the battery pack is improved, and the energy storage module can also buffer the impact on the performance of the battery pack when the temperature changes suddenly, and prolong the service life of the battery; the phase-change energy storage module is provided with the cooling liquid channel and the refrigerant channel simultaneously, so that two modes of cooling circulation can be provided when the battery pack needs to be cooled in summer, and different cooling requirements of the battery pack are met.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
when the heating component is a battery pack, the system further comprises a temperature detection element capable of detecting the temperature of the battery pack, and when the temperature of the battery pack is detected to be greater than a preset value, a refrigerant cooling mode is entered:
the first throttling device 6 and the second throttling device 7 are controlled to be opened, the four-way valve 2 is controlled to enable the outlet end of the compressor to be communicated with the heat exchanger 3 outside the vehicle, the inlet end of the compressor is respectively communicated with the heat exchanger 4 inside the vehicle and the phase change energy storage module 8, and the parallel branch 15 is arranged at two ends of a series pipeline of the first throttling device 6 and the heat exchanger 4 inside the vehicle in parallel.
The heat pump air conditioning system performs refrigerant cooling mode control, namely when a heating component (preferably a battery pack) needs to be cooled and absorbed, heat is stored in an energy storage module, and when the heat pump air conditioning system needs to defrost, the heat is released, preferably a waste heat radiation circulation loop is operated in summer (the temperature of the battery pack is high in summer), and heat exchange is performed between the heat pump air conditioning system and the refrigerant through a phase change energy storage module so as to greatly reduce the temperature of the battery pack; the waste heat dissipation circulation loop does not operate in winter (the temperature of the battery pack is not very high in winter), and heat stored in the phase-change energy storage module exchanges heat with the refrigerant so as to defrost the heat exchanger outside the vehicle; the device is reasonably utilized, the comfort is prevented from being influenced by heat absorption from the interior of the vehicle, the vehicle fog is prevented from occurring, when the cooling by using a conventional cooling liquid system cannot meet the requirement, the cooling of the battery pack by using a refrigerant flow path can be synchronously performed, the reliability of the battery pack is improved, the energy storage module can also buffer the impact on the performance of the battery pack when the temperature changes sharply, and the service life of the battery is prolonged; the phase-change energy storage module is provided with the cooling liquid channel and the refrigerant channel simultaneously, so that two modes of cooling circulation can be provided when the battery pack needs to be cooled in summer, and different cooling requirements of the battery pack are met.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention. The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the scope of the invention.
Claims (11)
1. An automotive heat pump air conditioning system, characterized in that:
the device comprises a compressor (1), an external heat exchanger (3), an internal heat exchanger (4) and a first throttling device (6), and further comprises a parallel branch (15), wherein a first end of the parallel branch (15) is connected at a position between the external heat exchanger (3) and the first throttling device (6), and a second end of the parallel branch (15) is connected at a position between the compressor (1) and the internal heat exchanger (4);
the parallel branch (15) is also provided with a second throttling device (7) and a phase-change energy storage module (8), and the phase-change energy storage module (8) can store heat generated by a heating component in an automobile and exchange heat with a refrigerant in the parallel branch (15);
the outlet end of the compressor (1) is also provided with a four-way valve (2), and four ends of the four-way valve (2) are respectively connected to the external heat exchanger (3), the internal heat exchanger (4), the outlet end of the compressor and the inlet end of the compressor;
when the air conditioner needs to operate in a refrigeration mode, the first throttling device (6) is controlled to be opened, the second throttling device (7) is controlled to be closed, the four-way valve (2) is controlled to enable the outlet end of the compressor to be communicated with the external heat exchanger (3), and the inlet end of the compressor to be communicated with the internal heat exchanger (4);
when the air conditioner needs to operate in a heating mode, the first throttling device (6) is controlled to be opened, the second throttling device (7) is controlled to be closed, the four-way valve (2) is controlled to enable the outlet end of the compressor to be communicated with the in-vehicle heat exchanger (4), and the inlet end of the compressor to be communicated with the out-vehicle heat exchanger (3);
when the device is required to operate in a defrosting mode, the first throttling device (6) is controlled to be closed, the second throttling device (7) is controlled to be opened, the four-way valve (2) is controlled to enable the outlet end of the compressor to be communicated with the heat exchanger (3) outside the vehicle, the inlet end of the compressor is communicated with the phase-change energy storage module (8), and at the moment, the heat exchanger (4) in the vehicle is not communicated.
2. The automotive heat pump air conditioning system of claim 1, wherein:
the heat-exchange type phase-change energy storage device further comprises a waste heat radiation circulation loop (16), wherein a heating component heat exchanger (10) is arranged on the waste heat radiation circulation loop (16), the heating component heat exchanger (10) can exchange heat with the heating component, and the waste heat radiation circulation loop (16) penetrates through the phase-change energy storage module (8) to exchange heat with a refrigerant in the parallel branch (15).
3. The automotive heat pump air conditioning system of claim 2, wherein:
the waste heat radiation circulation loop (16) is communicated with cooling liquid,
and a liquid pump (9) and/or a liquid storage tank (11) are/is arranged on the waste heat radiation circulation loop (16).
4. The automotive heat pump air conditioning system of claim 1, wherein:
the heating component is a battery pack in an automobile, the system further comprises a temperature detection element capable of detecting the temperature of the battery pack, and the phase-change energy storage module (8) is arranged at a position adjacent to the battery pack.
5. The automotive heat pump air conditioning system of claim 1, wherein:
the first throttling device (6) comprises a first electronic expansion valve and a first stop valve; and/or the second throttling device (7) comprises a second electronic expansion valve and a second stop valve.
6. An automotive heat pump air conditioning system according to any of claims 1-5, characterized in that:
the air injection enthalpy-increasing compressor is characterized in that the compressor (1) is an air injection enthalpy-increasing compressor, a flash generator (13) is further connected between the heat exchanger (3) outside the vehicle and the heat exchanger (4) inside the vehicle, the flash generator (13) further comprises a medium-pressure output end, the medium-pressure output end is connected with a medium-pressure air inlet of the air injection enthalpy-increasing compressor, and the flash generator (13) further comprises a low-pressure output end, and the low-pressure output end is connected with the heat exchanger (4) inside the vehicle.
7. The automotive heat pump air conditioning system of claim 6, wherein:
and a third electronic expansion valve (12) is further arranged between the low-pressure output end and the in-vehicle heat exchanger (4).
8. An automotive heat pump air conditioning system according to any of claims 1-5, characterized in that:
the electric heating device also comprises an electric heating element (14), wherein the electric heating element (14) is arranged at the position of the heat exchanger (4) in the vehicle so as to heat air flowing through the electric heating element (14).
9. The automotive heat pump air conditioning system of claim 8, wherein:
the electric heating component (14) is a PTC electric heating component.
10. A control method of an automobile heat pump air conditioning system is characterized by comprising the following steps of: use of the automotive heat pump air conditioning system according to any one of claims 1 to 9 for cooling mode control, heating mode control, defrosting mode control, and refrigerant cooling mode control and mode switching control of an automobile;
when the air conditioner needs to operate in a refrigeration mode, the first throttling device (6) is controlled to be opened, the second throttling device (7) is controlled to be closed, the four-way valve (2) is controlled to enable the outlet end of the compressor to be communicated with the external heat exchanger (3), and the inlet end of the compressor to be communicated with the internal heat exchanger (4);
when the air conditioner needs to operate in a heating mode, the first throttling device (6) is controlled to be opened, the second throttling device (7) is controlled to be closed, the four-way valve (2) is controlled to enable the outlet end of the compressor to be communicated with the in-vehicle heat exchanger (4), and the inlet end of the compressor to be communicated with the out-vehicle heat exchanger (3);
when the device is required to operate in a defrosting mode, the first throttling device (6) is controlled to be closed, the second throttling device (7) is controlled to be opened, the four-way valve (2) is controlled to enable the outlet end of the compressor to be communicated with the heat exchanger (3) outside the vehicle, the inlet end of the compressor is communicated with the phase-change energy storage module (8), and at the moment, the heat exchanger (4) in the vehicle is not communicated.
11. The control method according to claim 10, characterized in that:
when the heating component is a battery pack, the system further comprises a temperature detection element capable of detecting the temperature of the battery pack, and when the temperature of the battery pack is detected to be greater than a preset value, a refrigerant cooling mode is entered:
the first throttling device (6) and the second throttling device (7) are controlled to be opened, the four-way valve (2) is controlled to enable the outlet end of the compressor to be communicated with the heat exchanger (3) outside the vehicle, the inlet end of the compressor is respectively communicated with the heat exchanger (4) inside the vehicle and the phase-change energy storage module (8), and the parallel branch (15) is arranged at two ends of a series pipeline of the first throttling device (6) and the heat exchanger (4) inside the vehicle in parallel.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109774409B (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2021-01-19 | 爱驰汽车有限公司 | Automobile heat management system |
| CN109910544B (en) * | 2019-02-12 | 2020-11-06 | 上海交通大学 | Electric automobile thermal management system |
| CN109823138B (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2024-04-05 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Vehicle thermal management system and vehicle |
| CN110126584B (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2023-07-18 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Electric automobile air conditioning system, defrosting method, operation method and control system thereof |
| CN110143112B (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2024-02-23 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Electric automobile air conditioning system, defrosting method, operation method and control system thereof |
| CN110293817B (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2021-05-11 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Electric vehicle heat pump air conditioning system and defrosting method thereof |
| CN110816213B (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2021-03-16 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | Automobile heat pump system and fuel cell automobile |
| CN112373267A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-02-19 | 浙江银轮机械股份有限公司 | Air-conditioning box |
| CN114523819B (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2024-01-19 | 广东美的白色家电技术创新中心有限公司 | Thermal management system, control method and device, computer program product and vehicle |
| CN116674348A (en) * | 2023-08-02 | 2023-09-01 | 江铃汽车股份有限公司 | Defrosting method and system for external heat exchanger of heat pump air conditioner and computer equipment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2012237499A (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2012-12-06 | Denso Corp | Heat storage defrosting device |
| JP5370453B2 (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2013-12-18 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Automotive temperature control system |
| JP5955673B2 (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2016-07-20 | 愛三工業株式会社 | Air conditioner for vehicles |
| CN103836849A (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2014-06-04 | 华南理工大学 | Waste heat energy storage defrosting system for frequency conversion scroll compressor of electric automobile |
| KR102552112B1 (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2023-07-10 | 한온시스템 주식회사 | Heat pump system for vehicle |
| CN106274372B (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2019-02-22 | 吉林大学 | Heat-pump-type air conditioning for automobiles with battery thermal management function |
| CN107499088B (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2023-06-06 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Automobile air conditioner heat pump, automobile and control method |
| CN208343855U (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2019-01-08 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | A kind of automobile heat pump air-conditioning system |
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