CN108971806A - A kind of adjustable electric arc increasing material device and method of feed direction - Google Patents
A kind of adjustable electric arc increasing material device and method of feed direction Download PDFInfo
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- CN108971806A CN108971806A CN201810837257.0A CN201810837257A CN108971806A CN 108971806 A CN108971806 A CN 108971806A CN 201810837257 A CN201810837257 A CN 201810837257A CN 108971806 A CN108971806 A CN 108971806A
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- wire
- welding
- electric arc
- welding gun
- guide rail
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K10/00—Welding or cutting by means of a plasma
- B23K10/02—Plasma welding
- B23K10/027—Welding for purposes other than joining, e.g. build-up welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
- B23K9/044—Built-up welding on three-dimensional surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/12—Automatic feeding or moving of electrodes or work for spot or seam welding or cutting
- B23K9/133—Means for feeding electrodes, e.g. drums, rolls, motors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/167—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode
Abstract
The invention belongs to increases material manufacturing technology fields, and specifically disclose a kind of adjustable electric arc increasing material device and method of feed direction, the device includes circumferential regulating mechanism, wire feeder and welding gun, circumferential regulating mechanism includes ring-shaped guide rail and the three-dimensional adjusting mechanism that is slidably matched with ring-shaped guide rail, three-dimensional adjusting mechanism is equipped with wire guiding nipple, three-dimensional adjusting mechanism and wire guiding nipple can do 360 ° of rotations along ring-shaped guide rail, keep it tangent with increasing material deposition path to adjust the wire vent direction of welding wire；Wire feeder is mounted on ring-shaped guide rail, and welding gun and ring-shaped guide rail are coaxially disposed, and are located at the surface of welding wire.The method carries out electric arc increasing material manufacturing using above-mentioned apparatus, during increasing material manufacturing wire guiding nipple can wrapping gun do 360 ° of rotations, to guarantee the tangentially at the uniform velocity wire feed along scan path.The present invention can effectively solve the problems, such as that paraxonic feeding increasing material manufacturing deposition direction and packing material direction when being formed with non-linear profile part are inconsistent.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to increases material manufacturing technology fields, increase material dress more particularly, to a kind of adjustable electric arc of feed direction
It sets and method.
Background technique
Electric arc increases material manufacturing technology is to manufacture metallic article by the way of layer-by-layer built-up welding using electric arc as heat source, its master
Wanting application target is inexpensive, the efficient quick near-net-shape of large scale complex component.According to the difference of wire feeding mode, electric arc increases
Material manufacture can be divided into coaxial wire feed (MIG electric arc, CMT electric arc etc.) increasing material manufacturing and paraxonic wire feed (TIG electric arc, plasma arc etc.)
Two kinds of increasing material manufacturing.
Although coaxial wire feed mode forming efficiency is high, because being difficult to control accurately its arc stability during the deposition process
Property, easily occur the problems such as excessive molten bath and collapsing, finally influencing part accuracy.Therefore, the increasing material manufacturing of paraxonic wire feed apply compared with
More, due to electric arc compression, plasma-arc beam diameter is small, energy density is high, and molded part dimensional accuracy is higher, can have
Effect reduces subsequent amount of machining, and the high speed deposition of plasma arc greatly improves forming efficiency, quick in metal parts
Great technical advantage in forming.But due to the non-coaxality of plasma arc and silk, paraxonic wire feeding mode be formed with it is non-linear
When the part of profile, needs height to rely on walking mechanism to keep the relative position in wire feed direction and deposition direction, often increase
It shapes, the complexity of control system, limits the popularization of the technology.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the above defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of adjustable electric arcs of feed direction to increase
Material device and method, by the way that wire guiding nipple to be arranged to the structure of rotatable wire feed, so that welding wire can be realized in the horizontal plane
360 ° centered on welding gun electrode rotate freely so that feeding position can always along deposition path tangential motion, by
Layer superposition solves the not concentricity problem of electric arc and packing material until part forming, guarantee the stability of deposition process with it is consistent
Property, improve part performance.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a kind of adjustable electric arc increasing material of feed direction is proposed
Device comprising circumferential regulating mechanism, wire feeder and welding gun, in which:
The three-dimensional adjusting mechanism that the circumferential direction regulating mechanism includes ring-shaped guide rail and is slidably matched with ring-shaped guide rail, this three
Tieing up regulating mechanism can be along ring equipped with the entirety for constituting wire guiding nipple derived from welding wire, the three-dimensional adjusting mechanism and wire guiding nipple
Shape guide rail does 360 ° of rotations, to adjust the wire vent direction of welding wire, keeps welding wire and increasing material deposition path tangent；
The wire feeder is mounted on the ring-shaped guide rail, is used to supply welding wire to the wire guiding nipple；The welding gun
It is coaxially disposed set on the lower section of the ring-shaped guide rail, and with ring-shaped guide rail, while the welding gun is also located at the weldering as derived from wire guiding nipple
The surface of silk electric arc increasing material manufacturing is realized with the arc-melting welding wire that this is generated by welding gun.
As it is further preferred that the three-dimensional adjusting mechanism includes X adjusts to regulating mechanism, Y-direction regulating mechanism and Z-direction
Mechanism, for adjusting the relative position between welding wire and welding gun.
As it is further preferred that the ring-shaped guide rail is connected with walking mechanism, realize that annular is led by the walking mechanism
The movement of welding gun below rail and ring-shaped guide rail.
As it is further preferred that it further includes the workbench for placing substrate, the substrate position that the electric arc, which increases material device,
In deposition substrate of the lower section of silk material as electric arc increasing material manufacturing.
It is another aspect of this invention to provide that providing a kind of adjustable electric arc increasing material method of feed direction comprising as follows
Step:
S1 adjusts the spatial position of welding gun and wire guiding nipple, makes welding gun and satisfaction is wanted at a distance from welding wire derived from wire guiding nipple
It asks；
S2 is conveyed in advance opens electric arc after arc protection gas 1s~3s, welding gun by preset passage scan path move with
Start single pass deposition on substrate, complete to close electric arc after depositing together, and continue to keep conveying arc protection gas 3s~5s, so
The time required to cooling afterwards, in single pass deposition process wire guiding nipple can wrapping gun do 360 ° of rotations, to adjust the direction of welding wire, make
Welding wire is along the underface for being tangentially at the uniform velocity sent to welding gun of scan path；
S3 repeats step S2, completes the deposition of all passages in one layer；
S4 welding gun moves upwards a thickness, repeats the deposition that step S2-S3 completes all layers, completes required part with this
Electric arc increasing material manufacturing.
As it is further preferred that welding gun electrode is preferably 5mm~10mm at a distance from substrate, welding gun electrode and welding wire
Distance preferably 3mm~5mm, the diameter of welding wire is preferably 0.8mm~1.6mm.
As it is further preferred that wire feed rate is preferably 2m/min~6m/min, arc current be preferably 80A~
300A, arc voltage are preferably 12V~24V, and deposition velocity is preferably 0.3~0.9m/min.
As it is further preferred that the welding gun is preferably plasma welding gun, welding gun electrode is preferably tungsten electrode.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, mainly have below
Technological merit:
1. wire guiding nipple of the invention can do 360 ° of rotations along ring-shaped guide rail, so that the packing material sent out by wire guiding nipple
Welding wire is done 360 ° centered on welding gun electrode in the horizontal plane and rotated freely, to guarantee packing material along the tangential equal of scanning profile
Even continuously wire feed solves the directional problems during paraxonic feeding increasing material manufacturing, forms transition of smoothly putting up a bridge, and improves
The stability and consistency of deposition process, effectively improve part performance.
2. the present invention in the labyrinth product for being formed with non-linear profile, with increase material process continuous progress,
Wire guiding nipple can be rotated, and to remain that packing material is sent out from wire guiding nipple and along the tangential at the uniform velocity wire feed of scanning profile, be improved
The shape stability and structural homogenity of labyrinth product, and then improve product mechanical property；Specifically, complicated in forming
When structural fabrication, if keeping wire feed direction constant, when the angle between wire feed direction and track is excessive, on the one hand, welding wire will be inclined
The defects of from desired guiding trajectory, droplet transfer fluctuation is larger, forms haircuts, overlap, causes the suspension of deposition process, to vehicle with walking machine
More stringent requirements are proposed for the control precision of structure；On the other hand, so that being used to melt the electric arc shortage of heat of welding wire, molten drop cannot
It smoothly enters in molten bath, but is rapidly solidificated into graininess by gravity and surface tension effects and is also easy to produce discontinuous deposition
Layer forms relatively large deviation with planned course, to influence subsequent deposition process.
3. the present invention is by increasing the key component in material device to electric arc such as circumferential regulating mechanism, wire feeder and welding gun
The research and design of structure and specific assembly method, so that packing material is sent out from wire guiding nipple and is always positioned at welding gun electrode just
Lower section, and along the tangential uniformly continuous of scanning profile wire feed are suitable for any increasing material manufacturing scanning strategy.
4. the present invention use plasma arc as increasing material heat source, equipment early investment is small, can prepare stainless steel, carbon steel,
The structural member of the labyrinth of the various metal materials such as high temperature alloy, titanium alloy.
5. the present invention goes back Butt welding gun and the arrangement technology of welding wire is studied and designed, make welding gun electrode and substrate away from
From for 5mm~10mm, welding gun electrode is 3mm~5mm at a distance from welding wire, and the diameter of welding wire is 0.8mm~1.6mm, is protected with this
The deposition morphology and quality for demonstrate,proving each layer, when shaping nonlinear loci, welding wire and welding gun are arranged using above-mentioned arrangement technology parameter,
Be conducive to rounding off, the generation for avoiding molten bath unstability from being inclined to, the final molded part for obtaining excellent in mechanical performance.
It is studied and has been designed 6. the present invention also increases material technique to electric arc, wire feed rate is preferably 2~6m/min, electric arc
Electric current is preferably 80~300A, and arc voltage is preferably 12~24V, and deposition velocity is preferably 0.3~0.9m/min, can be real with this
Effective increasing material manufacturing of existing labyrinth product, effectively improves the precision and performance of product；It may make product through the invention
Surface accuracy improves 20% or more, and mechanical property improves 15% or more.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram that the adjustable electric arc of a kind of feed direction provided in an embodiment of the present invention increases material device；
Fig. 2 is tangential wire feed schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the cylindrical element schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention 1 shapes；
Fig. 4 is the deposition strategy schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 5 is the curved wall schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention 2 shapes.
In figure: 1 is welding gun, and 2 be ring-shaped guide rail, and 3 be wire feeder, and 4 be workbench, and 5 be walking mechanism, and 6 be pinboard,
7 be welding machine, and 8 be three-dimensional adjusting mechanism, and 9 be wire guiding nipple, and 10 be substrate, and 11 be fixture.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below
Not constituting a conflict with each other can be combined with each other.
Electric arc and the non-coaxial setting of welding wire due to paraxonic feeding increasing material manufacturing, when manufacturing the part of non-linear profile,
It needs the height to rely on walking mechanism to keep the relative position in wire feed direction and deposition direction, increases forming, control system is answered
Polygamy, and during the deposition process, wire feed direction remains constant with electric arc direction, so that in deposition non-linear profile
When, when the angle between wire feed direction and track is excessive, on the one hand to the control precision of walking mechanism, more stringent requirements are proposed,
It easily makes welding wire and substrate or sedimentary deviate desired guiding trajectory when being in contact, and droplet transfer fluctuation is larger, formation haircuts,
The defects of overlap, causes the suspension of deposition process；On the other hand make the electric arc shortage of heat for melting welding wire, molten drop cannot
It smoothly enters in molten bath, but is rapidly solidificated into graininess by gravity and surface tension effects and is also easy to produce discontinuous deposition
Layer forms relatively large deviation with planned course, to influence subsequent deposition process.The present invention is studied and has been designed thus, with
It solves the problems, such as in such increasing material manufacturing (i.e. paraxonic feeding increasing material manufacturing) material filling direction, it is adjustable to devise feed direction
Electric arc increase material device, wire guiding nipple specifically is designed to can to do the structures of 360 ° of rotations, so that welding wire along ring-shaped guide rail
Wire vent direction can realize real-time adjustment, and then welding wire is enable to keep tangent with material deposition path is increased, and guarantee the stabilization of deposition process
Property and consistency.For how by real time adjust welding wire direction so that welding wire with increasing material deposition path it is tangent, can adopt
It is realized, such as deposition path is planned in advance, welding gun root with existing THE WELD SEAM TRACKING TECHNOLOGY combination computer system control
It is deposited according to the deposition path of planning, real-time tracking is carried out to deposition path using weld tracker in deposition process, and
Tracking result is fed back into computer, computer adjusts the direction of wire guiding nipple according to tracking result in real time, so that welding wire edge always
The tangential submitting of deposition path guarantees the stability and consistency of deposition process, until completing entire increasing material manufacturing process.Certainly
It can also be adjusted using other adjustment modes, only need that welding wire wire vent direction can be adjusted in real time, keep it tangent with deposition path
, this will not be repeated here, is within the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram that the adjustable electric arc of a kind of feed direction provided in an embodiment of the present invention increases material device, such as
Shown in Fig. 1, which includes wire feeder 3, welding gun 1 and circumferential regulating mechanism, wherein wire feeder 3 is for conveying filling material
To wire guiding nipple, welding gun is used to generate electric arc to melt the welding wire of filling filler and realize that electric arc increases material the welding wire of material as material heat source is increased
Manufacture, circumferential regulating mechanism does 360 ° for realizing welding wire wrapping gun and rotates freely, to adjust the wire vent direction of welding wire, so that weldering
Silk is tangent with increasing material profile always, guarantees that the stability and consistency of deposition process will lead to molten drop if welding wire can not adjust
Transition fluctuation is larger, and when welding wire and the tangential angle in track are excessive, so that the electric arc shortage of heat for melting welding wire, molten drop is not
It can smoothly enter in molten bath, but be rapidly solidificated into graininess by gravity and surface tension effects and be also easy to produce discontinuous sink
Lamination forms relatively large deviation with planned course, to influence subsequent deposition process.
As shown in Figure 1, circumferential regulating mechanism includes ring-shaped guide rail 2 and the three-dimensional regulation that is slidably matched with ring-shaped guide rail 2
Mechanism 8, ring-shaped guide rail 2 are to guarantee the welding wire of packing material along the tangential wire feed of scanning profile and always centered on the electrode of welding gun
Swing-around trajectory is provided, three-dimensional adjusting mechanism 8 is equipped with wire guiding nipple 9, and hop of the wire guiding nipple as packing material is used for
Packing material welding wire is at the uniform velocity exported, is always positioned at welding wire immediately below welding gun electrode, the three-dimensional adjusting mechanism 8 and wire guiding nipple 9
The entirety of composition can do 360 ° of rotations along ring-shaped guide rail 2, to adjust the wire vent direction of welding wire, make welding wire always with increase material deposited roads
Diameter is tangent.Specifically, three-dimensional adjusting mechanism can be driven to do circulatory motion along ring-shaped guide rail by stepper motor, and then drive seal wire
Mouth boxing gun electrode moves in a circle, which is controlled by computer.Other movement mechanisms and drive can certainly be used
Flowing mode need to only can be realized the entirety that three-dimensional adjusting mechanism 8 and wire guiding nipple 9 are constituted and do 360 ° along ring-shaped guide rail boxing gun electrode
Rotary motion.
Specifically, increasing the overall movement and position adjusting of material device, 1 example of ring-shaped guide rail 2 and welding gun for the ease of electric arc
Walking mechanism 5 is such as connected with by connecting plate 6, the walking mechanism 5 as carrying and motion parts, drive ring-shaped guide rail 2 and
The welding gun 1 of the lower section of ring-shaped guide rail 2 moves freely, specifically, realize tri- directions X, Y and Z move freely and rotary motion.
Further, three-dimensional adjusting mechanism includes X (perpendicular to (level left and right) regulating mechanism, Y-direction (horizontal front and back) regulating mechanism and Z-direction
Above and below straight) regulating mechanism, guarantee feeding position for adjusting the relative position between welding wire and welding gun, and by self-locking function
It is constant.
As shown in Figure 1, wire feeder 3 is mounted on ring-shaped guide rail 2, it is used to supply welding wire to wire guiding nipple 9；Welding gun 1 is set
It in the lower section of ring-shaped guide rail 2, is coaxially disposed with ring-shaped guide rail 2, while the welding gun 1 is also located at the welding wire as derived from wire guiding nipple 9
Surface, the arc-melting welding wire that generates of welding gun 1 is passed through with this, realizes electric arc increasing material manufacturing, which is connected with welding machine 7.
For the ease of the manufacture of part, electric arc increases material device and is additionally provided with workbench 4, is placed with substrate on the workbench 4
10, substrate 10 is fixed on workbench 4 by fixture 11, and the substrate 10 is as the growth substrate for increasing material part, welding gun 1 and seal wire
Mouth 9 is located at the top of the substrate 10, with the part needed for 10 deposition formation of substrate.In addition, workbench 4 is equipped with recirculated water
Road accelerates the heat transfer between substrate and workbench, it can be achieved that rapid cooling to substrate using the strong heat-sinking capability of red copper,
Reduce stress deformation, in addition workbench can cooperate with positioner, realize the increasing material of complex-curved structure.
The present invention also provides a kind of adjustable electric arcs of feed direction to increase material method comprising following steps:
S1 adjusts the spatial position of welding gun 1 and wire guiding nipple 9, makes welding gun 1 and satisfaction at a distance from the welding wire derived from the wire guiding nipple 9
It is required that the welding wire of packing material is at the uniform velocity sent into the underface of welding gun electrode by wire feeder through wire guiding nipple, selected according to packing material
Suitable electric current and polarity (general steel use straight polarity direct current, and Al alloys andMg alloys etc. use alternating current) are selected, and remains weldering
Rifle is in vertical state；
After S2 selects suitable arc protection gas according to solder wire material and conveys 1s~3s in advance, electric arc is opened, welding gun is pressed
Default passage scan path movement starts single pass deposition, completes to close electric arc after depositing together, then keep conveying arc protection
Then gas 3s~5s is led in single pass deposition process according to the cooling required time (generally 0~120s) of size of formed part
Silk mouth can wrapping gun do 360 ° of rotations so that the wire vent direction of welding wire is adjustable so that along scan path tangentially at the uniform velocity wire feed at
It is possible；
S3 repeats step S2, selects suitable deposition strategy, completes the deposition of all passages in one layer, specifically deposits plan
Slightly set according to actual needs；
S4 welding gun 1 moves upwards a thickness, repeats step S2-S3, all layers of deposition is completed with this, is obtained required
Electric arc increasing material manufacturing part.
Specifically, welding gun 1 meet at a distance from the welding wire derived from the wire guiding nipple 9 it is claimed below: make welding gun electrode to substrate
10 distance is preferably 5mm~10mm, and the electrode of welding gun is 3mm~5mm at a distance from welding wire, can be avoided as far as possible with this previous
Influence of the defect of layer sedimentary to next layer of sedimentary, guarantees the deposition morphology and quality of each layer.Specifically, linear in forming
When track, welding wire is kept to contact with substrate or sedimentary, can get the continuous beautiful sedimentary of forming；In forming nonlinear loci
When, welding wire and substrate or sedimentary keep certain interval to be conducive to rounding off, and the generation for avoiding molten bath unstability from being inclined to finally obtains
Obtain the molded part of excellent in mechanical performance.The diameter of welding wire is preferably 0.8mm~1.6mm, under the diameter dimension, so that welding wire is not
It is disturbed vulnerable to external condition influence, and causes fusing unevenly or even generation phenomena such as haircuts, overlap, it will not be because
Electric arc shortage of heat and can not be completely melt.Wherein, welding gun is preferably plasma gun, naturally it is also possible to for TIG welding gun or its
His non-coaxial welding gun.More specifically, wire feed rate is preferably 2~6m/min, and arc current is preferably 80~300A, electric arc
Voltage is preferably 12~24V, and deposition velocity is preferably 0.3~0.9m/min.
In addition, being furnished in wire guiding nipple rear end in the alloy that increasing material manufacturing titanium alloy etc. easily aoxidizes and dragging cover protective device
It prevents from aoxidizing, should keep that cover is dragged to be always positioned above deposited metal at this time.
The following is an embodiment of the present invention:
Embodiment 1
The present invention will be described by taking stainless steel cylinder as an example for the present embodiment, as shown in figure 3, the high 120mm of stainless steel cylinder,
Wall thickness 60mm, internal diameter 50mm are made of 40 layers of sedimentary, and every layer height is 3mm, and every Ceng You 10 fills metal composition.Increase material
Technological parameter: welding wire uses the ER316L austenitic stainless steel welding wire of diameter 1.6mm, and using straight polarity direct current, arc current is
147A, arc voltage 14.2V, wire feed rate 6m/min, deposition velocity 0.6m/min；Walking mechanism 5 drive ring-shaped guide rail 2 and
The welding gun 1 of 2 lower section of ring-shaped guide rail moves in a circle to realize the deposition of circular trace, revolving speed 6r/min；Tungsten electrode is to substrate
Distance is 8mm, and the distance between tungsten electrode and packing material are 5mm；Three-dimensional adjusting mechanism carries out small angle under control of the computer
Degree rotation remains that welding wire tangentially carries out the reciprocating scanning deposition of serpentine along deposition path, and deposition strategy is as shown in figure 4, electricity
Arc protects gas to use high-purity argon+2.5%CO2, gas flow 25L/min.
Specific embodiment is as follows:
(1) plasma (welding) torch is placed in upper surface of base plate, adjusts the space bit of plasma (welding) torch 1 and wire feeder 3
It sets, packing material is sent out by wire feeder 3 through wire guiding nipple, and is always positioned at immediately below tungsten electrode；
(2) using the Q235 mild steel of 15mm thickness as substrate, after sending 1~3s of arc protection gas in advance, plasma arc welding (PAW)
Rifle 1 adds a high voltage between tungsten electrode and substrate 10, so that gas ionization is formed free electric arc through the higher-order of oscillation, is passing through at a high speed
It is compressed when water-cooled nozzle in plasma (welding) torch, energization density and the degree of dissociation, the gas in arc column is by abundant electricity
From at plasma, plasma arc is formed, triggers to form liquid state molten pool in designated position, cooperation walking mechanism 5 rotates clockwise
370 °, first of increasing material of first layer is carried out, single track width is 7mm, a height of 3mm of layer, wherein 10 ° of certifiable starting the arc of more rotations and receipts
Rounding off at arc；
(3) after completing first of first layer deposition, electric arc is closed, continues to send protection 3~5s of gas；Then wait 120s after
Start electric arc at upper one of initial position extension cord 5mm, 370 ° of the rotation counterclockwise of cooperation walking mechanism 5 is reversed first layer
Second deposition, deposition passage lap width are 2mm；
(4) after completing first layer second deposition, the increasing material that remaining 8 sedimentary is completed in step (2)~(3) is repeated；
(5) after completing first layer increasing material, plasma gun is vertically improved to 3mm and returns to first of filling metal of first layer
The starting position starting the arc, cooperation walking mechanism 5 rotates clockwise 370 °, carries out first of increasing material of the second layer；
(6) step (2)~(5) are repeated, until completing the cylindrical element, are made of altogether 40 layers of sedimentary.
The embodiment electric arc increases the stainless steel cylinder of material preparation, and the increasing material manufacturing technique in more traditional fixed welding wire direction is whole
A process, which is stablized, to be carried out, and haircuts phenomenon is not present, and monolithic molding is beautiful, no apparent overlap or is not filled by defect, surface accuracy
It can be improved 40% or more, mechanical property can be improved 30% or more.
Embodiment 2
The present invention will be described by taking Ti Alloy Curved wall as an example for the present embodiment, as shown in figure 5, Ti Alloy Curved wall is high
65mm is made of the semicircle that two radiuses are 50mm, and wall thickness 10mm is made of 50 layers of sedimentary, and every layer height is 1.3mm, often
Layer is made of 1 filling metal.Increase material technological parameter: welding wire uses the TC of diameter 1.2mm4Titanium alloy welding wire, just using direct current
It connects, arc current 160A, arc voltage 21V, wire feed rate 4m/min, deposition velocity 0.3m/min；Tungsten electrode is to substrate
Distance is 5mm, and the distance between tungsten electrode and packing material are 3mm；Three-dimensional adjusting mechanism carries out small angle under control of the computer
Degree rotation remains that welding wire tangentially carries out alternately reciprocating scanning along deposition path, and arc protection gas uses argon gas, gas stream
Amount is 15L/min.
Specific embodiment is as follows:
(1) plasma (welding) torch is placed in upper surface of base plate, adjusts the space bit of plasma (welding) torch 1 and wire feeder 3
It sets, packing material is sent out by wire feeder 3 through wire guiding nipple, and is always positioned at immediately below tungsten electrode；
(2) TC of 20mm thickness is used4Titanium alloy is as substrate, after sending 1~3s of arc protection gas in advance, plasma (welding) torch
1 adds a high voltage between tungsten electrode and substrate 10, so that gas ionization is formed free electric arc through the higher-order of oscillation, is passing through water at a high speed
It being compressed when cold nozzle, energization density and the degree of dissociation, the gas in arc column is ionized into plasma, formed etc.
Ion arc triggers to form liquid state molten pool in designated position, and cooperation walking mechanism 5 carries out first of increasing material according to planning path, single
Road width is 10mm, a height of 1.3mm of layer；
(3) after completing first of deposition, electric arc is closed, continues to send protection 3~5s of gas；Then by plasma after waiting 60s
Welding gun vertically improves 1.3mm and returns to the end position starting the arc of first of sedimentary, is reversed the second layer and increases material；
(4) step (2)~(3) are repeated, until completing the curved wall, are made of altogether 50 layers of sedimentary.
The embodiment electric arc increases the TC of material preparation4Curved wall, the increasing material manufacturing technique in more traditional fixed welding wire direction, entirely
Process, which is stablized, to be carried out, and haircuts phenomenon is not present, and monolithic molding is beautiful, no apparent overlap or is not filled by defect, and surface accuracy can
To improve 30% or more, mechanical property can be improved 20% or more.It should be noted that since titanium alloy easily aoxidizes, deposition
Needing to increase behind in the process drags closure assembly to protect deposition fraction, prevents from aoxidizing.
The present invention can be realized in the horizontal plane using computer control packing material 360 ° centered on welding gun electrode from
By rotating and guaranteeing wire feeder at the uniform velocity wire feed, electric arc and packing material are adjusted in real time along the relative bearing of scan path, accurately
Welding gun and packing material spacing are positioned, paraxonic feeding increasing material manufacturing deposition side in the part for being formed with non-linear profile is solved
To the problem inconsistent with packing material direction, make feeding position always along deposition path tangential motion, successively superposition is until zero
Part forming, guarantees the stability and consistency of deposition process, improves part performance.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of adjustable electric arc of feed direction increases material device, which is characterized in that including circumferential regulating mechanism, wire feeder (3)
With welding gun (1), in which:
The three-dimensional adjusting mechanism that the circumferential direction regulating mechanism includes ring-shaped guide rail (2) and is slidably matched with ring-shaped guide rail (2)
(8), which is equipped with for by wire guiding nipple derived from welding wire (9), the three-dimensional adjusting mechanism (8) and seal wire
The entirety that mouth (9) is constituted can do 360 ° of rotations along ring-shaped guide rail (2), to adjust the wire vent direction of welding wire, keep welding wire and increasing material heavy
Product path is tangent；
The wire feeder (3) is mounted on the ring-shaped guide rail (2), is used to supply welding wire to the wire guiding nipple (9)；It is described
Welding gun (1) is set to the lower section of the ring-shaped guide rail (2), and is coaxially disposed with ring-shaped guide rail (2), while the welding gun (1) is also located at
The surface of the welding wire as derived from wire guiding nipple (9) passes through the arc-melting welding wire that welding gun (1) generates with this, realizes that electric arc increases material
Manufacture.
2. the adjustable electric arc of feed direction as described in claim 1 increases material device, which is characterized in that the three-dimensional adjusting mechanism
Including X to regulating mechanism, Y-direction regulating mechanism and Z-direction regulating mechanism, for adjusting the relative position between welding wire and welding gun.
3. the adjustable electric arc of feed direction as claimed in claim 1 or 2 increases material device, which is characterized in that the ring-shaped guide rail
(2) walking mechanism (5) are connected with, welding gun below ring-shaped guide rail (2) and ring-shaped guide rail (2) is realized by the walking mechanism (5)
(1) movement.
4. the adjustable electric arc of feed direction as described in any one of claims 1-3 increases material device, which is characterized in that the electric arc
Increasing material device further includes for placing the workbench of substrate (10) (4), and the lower section which is located at silk material increases as electric arc
The deposition substrate of material manufacture.
5. a kind of adjustable electric arc of feed direction increases material method, which comprises the steps of:
S1 adjusts the spatial position of welding gun (1) and wire guiding nipple (9), makes welding gun (1) at a distance from the welding wire derived from wire guiding nipple (9)
It meets the requirements；
S2 opens electric arc after conveying arc protection gas 1s~3s in advance, and welding gun is moved by preset passage scan path in substrate
Upper beginning single pass deposition is completed to close electric arc after depositing together, and continues to keep conveying arc protection gas 3s~5s, then cold
But the time required to, in single pass deposition process wire guiding nipple can wrapping gun do 360 ° of rotations, to adjust the direction of welding wire, make welding wire
Along the underface for being tangentially at the uniform velocity sent to welding gun of scan path；
S3 repeats step S2, completes the deposition of all passages in one layer；
S4 welding gun moves upwards a thickness, repeats the deposition that step S2-S3 completes all layers, the electricity of required part is completed with this
Arc increasing material manufacturing.
6. the adjustable electric arc of feed direction as claimed in claim 5 increases material method, which is characterized in that welding gun electrode and substrate
Distance preferably 5mm~10mm, welding gun electrode is preferably 3mm~5mm at a distance from welding wire, and the diameter of welding wire is preferably 0.8mm
~1.6mm.
7. as the adjustable electric arc of feed direction described in claim 5 or 6 increases material method, which is characterized in that wire feed rate is preferred
For 2m/min~6m/min, arc current is preferably 80A~300A, and arc voltage is preferably 12V~24V, and deposition velocity is preferred
For 0.3~0.9m/min.
8. as the adjustable electric arc of the described in any item feed directions of claim 5-7 increases material method, which is characterized in that the welding gun
It (1) is preferably plasma welding gun, welding gun electrode is preferably tungsten electrode.
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| CN201810837257.0A CN108971806B (en) | 2018-07-26 | 2018-07-26 | Electric arc additive manufacturing device and method with adjustable feeding direction |
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| CN110421231A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2019-11-08 | 广东省焊接技术研究所（广东省中乌研究院） | Paraxonic wire feeder and increasing material manufacturing system |
| CN110666295A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2020-01-10 | 西北工业大学 | Electric arc additive manufacturing wire feeding system suitable for TIG |
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| CN110666295A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2020-01-10 | 西北工业大学 | Electric arc additive manufacturing wire feeding system suitable for TIG |
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| CN111745262A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-10-09 | 熊嘉锋 | Universal rotary wire feeding device and process for lateral wire feeding additive manufacturing |
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