CN108967363A - A kind of cultural method of honeybee - Google Patents

A kind of cultural method of honeybee Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108967363A
CN108967363A CN201810844731.2A CN201810844731A CN108967363A CN 108967363 A CN108967363 A CN 108967363A CN 201810844731 A CN201810844731 A CN 201810844731A CN 108967363 A CN108967363 A CN 108967363A
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honeybee
jujube tree
parts
medicament
beehive
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何承霖
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Sinan Summer Bee Garden Agriculture Co Ltd
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Sinan Summer Bee Garden Agriculture Co Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005Cultivation methods
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Abstract

The invention belongs to agricultural technology field, especially a kind of cultural method of honeybee, specifically includes the following steps: the selection of (1) culture zone;(2) beehive selection and disinfection;(3) placement of beehive;(4) management of honeybee;(5) management of jujube tree woods.The present invention cultivates honeybee in the jujube tree woods to have grown into forest, prevents and treats pest and disease damage using natural microbial inoculum, can not only improve the immunocompetence of jujube tree and honeybee, moreover it is possible to improve the quality of Chinese date and Mel Jujubae;By the special management technology to jujube tree, the percentage of fertile fruit of jujube tree is not only increased, also improves the immunocompetence of honeybee, reduce the death rate of honeybee and the insect pest incidence of bee colony, reduce the clearing times to beehive, reduces the access times of insect-proof agent, reduce cost of labor.The yield of a kind of cultural method of honeybee provided by the invention, Chinese date and Mel Jujubae is high, quality is good.

Description

A kind of cultural method of honeybee
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural technology field, especially a kind of cultural method of honeybee.
Background technique
Honeybee belong on entomological taxonomy Hymenoptera, apocrita, Aculeata, Apoidea, apidae insect system Claim, is the important monoid of Hymenoptera.Honeybee has huge economic value, closely related with human lives;There are three types of honeybees, and one Kind is in the tree;It is a kind of to be adopt by people with utensil, it is a bee, small and micro- Huang, sweet portion's taste is dense sweet and refreshing;One kind is at the high and steep place of mountain rock Make room, make stone sweet, this bee black such as gadfly, its sour color of honey is red.
Honey is the nectar, secretion or honeydew of adult bees herborization, in conjunction with itself secretion after, in honeycomb The honey of brew.Honey can be divided into single flower honey and miscellaneous nectar according to nectariferous plant, and single flower honey includes Mel Jujubae, citrus honey, loquat honey Deng, Mel Jujubae in amber, dark, because of kind difference, honeydew is transparent or glossy, and quality is sticky, is not easy to crystallize, sometimes the bottom of at The visible a small amount of macrocrystalline in portion, the turbid perfume (or spice) of smell smell have special strong smell.Mel Jujubae has antibacterial anti-inflammatory, promotes tissue Regeneration, moistening lung intestines, reinforcing spleen and kidney, liver protection of detoxifying, heart tonifying hematopoiesis, adjustment blood pressure and blood sugar adjust nerve, improve sleep, and skin care is beautiful Hold, health macrobiosis, anti-ageing salubrity and other effects.Jujube tree is to spend more tree species, and the florescence is long, and flower amount is big, but percentage of fertile fruit is very low, jujube flower Nectar volume with hang how many, jujube with the jujube on jujube stock and hang on how much blade is positively correlated.The present invention provides a kind of cultivation of honey Method cultivates honey in the jujube tree woods to have grown into forest, certain management is carried out to jujube tree, both can increase the production of jujube tree and Mel Jujubae Amount, and its quality can be improved.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of cultural method of honey, It is realized particular by following technical scheme:
A kind of cultural method of honeybee, comprising the following steps:
(1) culture zone selects: selecting the gradient < 20 °, leeward hillside jujube tree woods on the sunny side is culture zone, while around being had rich Rich vegetation class plant;The plantation spacing of jujube tree is 2-4m, and planting density is 60-70 plants/acre;
(2) beehive is selected with disinfection: being selected nontoxic, free from extraneous odour, 16-18 cubic metres of wooden case as beehive, is dried in the air after disinfection It sets 6-7 days, then carries out the migration of honeybee;
(3) beehive: being placed on jujube tree branch in the 1-3 month, and be fixed using iron wire by the placement of beehive, one mu of preparation 2 casees honeybees;
(4) management of honeybee: every month carries out 1-2 cleaning to beehive, removes paraffin removal bits residue, cuts off nest inferior Spleen and cleaning honeybee corpse;A medicament A is respectively sprayed when honeybee breeding and bee colony enter the winter;
(5) management of jujube tree woods: at the beginning of the 4-5 month, jujube tree enters the budding period, sprays a medicament B to jujube tree woods;In 6-7 The beginning of the month, jujube tree enter florescence, once spill medicament B to jujube flower spray before florescence, spray a medicine to jujube flower again in full-bloom stage Agent B, remaining is managed according to routine techniques.
Further, the medicament A is by weight by 4-6 parts of Chinese medicine extracts A, 0.5-1 parts of ascorbic acid, 800- 1000 parts of distilled water are mixed.
Further, the medicament B by weight by B, 1-2 parts of phytic acid of 5-7 parts of Chinese medicine extracts, 0.5-1 parts it is micro Element, 1000-1500 part distilled water are mixed.
Further, the Chinese medicine extract A prepares one step process, comprising the following steps:
A, 2-3 portions of viola mandshuricas, the 10-15 portions of achenes of Siberian cocklebur, 4-6 parts of green punt-poles are weighed by weight;
B, viola mandshurica is crushed, the 5-6 times of 80% ethyl alcohol heating and refluxing extraction measured 2 times, each 1h, mistake is then added Filter, concentrates the filtrate to clear cream to get viola mandshurica extracting solution;
C, the achene of Siberian cocklebur, green punt-pole are crushed, the 6-8 times of 80% methanol heating and refluxing extraction measured 2 times, each 2h are then added, Filtering, concentrates the filtrate to clear cream to get mixed extract;
D, mixed extract and viola mandshurica extracting solution are mixed to get Chinese medicine extract A.
Further, the preparation method of the Chinese medicine extract B, comprising the following steps:
I, weigh by weight 3-4 portions of seaweed, 4-6 parts of garlic cloves, 6-8 parts of dried orange peels, 4-6 parts of tobacco leaves, 6-8 parts of bark of Toona sinensis, 6-8 parts of kuh-sengs
II, seaweed, garlic clove, dried orange peel, tobacco leaf, bark of Toona sinensis, kuh-seng are crushed respectively, is mixed, be then added 6-8 times and measure 80% methanol is ultrasonically treated 30-40min, and filtering concentrates the filtrate to clear cream to get Chinese medicine extract B.
Further, the microelement is made of iron, boron, manganese, selenium, ratio 2:1:1:1.
The medicament that the present invention uses belongs to natural medicament, killing pests and suppressing bacteria and can improve the immune of jujube tree and honeybee Ability, and the nutriment in the Chinese date and honey harvested is richer, improves quality;In jujube tree budding period medicament, increase Jujube on jujube stock hangs, the blade that jujube is hung improves the yield of Mel Jujubae to improve the Nectar volume of jujube flower;It is opened in jujube tree Sprinkling medicament is carried out around florescence, not only increases the percentage of fertile fruit of jujube tree, also adds the nutriment in pollen, bee gathering After pollen, immunocompetence is improved, and reduces the death rate of honeybee, and the probability that insect pest occurs for bee colony reduces, and reduces insect prevention medicament Access times, the cleaning for reducing beehive is made up the number or amount, to reduce cost of labor.A kind of cultivation of honeybee provided by the invention Method cultivates honeybee in the jujube tree woods that has grown into forest, by the special management to jujube tree woods, not only increases Chinese date and Mel Jujubae Yield also improves the quality of Chinese date and Mel Jujubae, reduces the cost of bee raising.
Specific embodiment
Tuberculosis specific embodiment is limited technical solution of the present invention is further below, but claimed Range is not only limited to made description.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cultural method of honeybee, comprising the following steps:
(1) culture zone selects: the gradient being selected to be culture zone, while around having rich for 18 °, leeward hillside jujube tree woods on the sunny side Rich vegetation class plant;The plantation spacing of jujube tree is 2-4m, and planting density is 60 plants/acre;
(2) beehive is selected with disinfection: being selected nontoxic, free from extraneous odour, 16 cubic metres of wooden case as beehive, is hung 6- after disinfection 7 days, then carry out the migration of honeybee;
(3) beehive: being placed on jujube tree branch in the 1-3 month, and be fixed using iron wire by the placement of beehive, one mu of preparation 2 casees honeybees;
(4) management of honeybee: every month carries out 2 cleanings to beehive, removes paraffin removal bits residue, cuts off honeycomb inferior With cleaning honeybee corpse;A medicament A is respectively sprayed when honeybee breeding and bee colony enter the winter;
(5) management of jujube tree woods: at the beginning of the 4-5 month, jujube tree enters the budding period, sprays a medicament B to jujube tree woods;In 6-7 The beginning of the month, jujube tree enter florescence, once spill medicament B to jujube flower spray before florescence, spray a medicine to jujube flower again in full-bloom stage Agent B, remaining is managed according to routine techniques.
Further, the medicament A is by weight by 4kg Chinese medicine extract A, 0.5kg ascorbic acid, 800kg distilled water It is mixed.
Further, the medicament B by weight by 5kg Chinese medicine extract B, 1kg phytic acid, 0.5kg microelement, 1000kg distilled water is mixed.
Further, the Chinese medicine extract A prepares one step process, comprising the following steps:
A, 2kg viola mandshurica, the 10kg achene of Siberian cocklebur, 4kg blueness punt-pole are weighed by weight;
B, viola mandshurica is crushed, 80% ethyl alcohol heating and refluxing extraction 2 times, each 1h of 5 times of amounts is then added, filter, Clear cream is concentrated the filtrate to get viola mandshurica extracting solution;
C, the achene of Siberian cocklebur, green punt-pole are crushed, 80% methanol heating and refluxing extraction 2 times, each 2h of 6 times of amounts, mistake is then added Filter, concentrates the filtrate to clear cream to get mixed extract;
D, mixed extract and viola mandshurica extracting solution are mixed to get Chinese medicine extract A.
Further, the preparation method of the Chinese medicine extract B, comprising the following steps:
I, 3kg seaweed, 4kg garlic clove, 6kg dried orange peel, 4kg tobacco leaf, 6kg bark of Toona sinensis, 6kg kuh-seng are weighed by weight;
II, seaweed, garlic clove, dried orange peel, tobacco leaf, bark of Toona sinensis, kuh-seng are crushed respectively, is mixed, 6 times of amounts 80% are then added Methanol is ultrasonically treated 30min, and filtering concentrates the filtrate to clear cream to get Chinese medicine extract B.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cultural method of honeybee, comprising the following steps:
(1) culture zone selects: selecting 15 ° of the gradient, leeward hillside jujube tree woods on the sunny side is culture zone, while around being had abundant Vegetation class plant;The plantation spacing of jujube tree is 2-4m, and planting density is 65 plants/acre;
(2) beehive is selected with disinfection: being selected nontoxic, free from extraneous odour, 19 cubic metres of wooden case as beehive, is hung 6- after disinfection 7 days, then carry out the migration of honeybee;
(3) beehive: being placed on jujube tree branch in the 1-3 month, and be fixed using iron wire by the placement of beehive, one mu of preparation 2 casees honeybees;
(4) management of honeybee: every month carries out 1 cleaning to beehive, removes paraffin removal bits residue, cuts off honeycomb inferior With cleaning honeybee corpse;A medicament A is respectively sprayed when honeybee breeding and bee colony enter the winter;
(5) management of jujube tree woods: at the beginning of the 4-5 month, jujube tree enters the budding period, sprays a medicament B to jujube tree woods;In 6-7 The beginning of the month, jujube tree enter florescence, once spill medicament B to jujube flower spray before florescence, spray a medicine to jujube flower again in full-bloom stage Agent B, remaining is managed according to routine techniques.
Further, the medicament A is distilled by A, 0.6kg parts of ascorbic acid of 5kg Chinese medicine extract, 900kg by weight Water is mixed.
Further, the medicament B by weight by 6kg Chinese medicine extract B, 1.5kg phytic acid, 0.8kg microelement, 1200kg distilled water is mixed.
Further, the Chinese medicine extract A prepares one step process, comprising the following steps:
A, 2.5kg viola mandshurica, the 12kg achene of Siberian cocklebur, 5kg blueness punt-pole are weighed by weight;
B, viola mandshurica is crushed, 80% ethyl alcohol heating and refluxing extraction 2 times, each 1h of 5.5 times of amounts, mistake is then added Filter, concentrates the filtrate to clear cream to get viola mandshurica extracting solution;
C, the achene of Siberian cocklebur, green punt-pole are crushed, 80% methanol heating and refluxing extraction 2 times, each 2h of 7 times of amounts, mistake is then added Filter, concentrates the filtrate to clear cream to get mixed extract;
D, mixed extract and viola mandshurica extracting solution are mixed to get Chinese medicine extract A.
Further, the preparation method of the Chinese medicine extract B, comprising the following steps:
I, it is bitter that 3.5kg seaweed, 4.5kg garlic clove, 6.7kg dried orange peel, 5kg tobacco leaf, 7kg bark of Toona sinensis, 7kg are weighed by weight Ginseng;
II, seaweed, garlic clove, dried orange peel, tobacco leaf, bark of Toona sinensis, kuh-seng are crushed respectively, is mixed, 7 times of amounts 80% are then added Methanol is ultrasonically treated 35min, and filtering concentrates the filtrate to clear cream to get Chinese medicine extract B.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cultural method of honeybee, comprising the following steps:
(1) culture zone selects: selecting 10 ° of the gradient, leeward hillside jujube tree woods on the sunny side is culture zone, while around being had abundant Vegetation class plant;The plantation spacing of jujube tree is 2-4m, and planting density is 70 plants/acre;
(2) beehive is selected with disinfection: being selected nontoxic, free from extraneous odour, 20 cubic metres of wooden case as beehive, is hung 6- after disinfection 7 days, then carry out the migration of honeybee;
(3) beehive: being placed on jujube tree branch in the 1-3 month, and be fixed using iron wire by the placement of beehive, one mu of preparation 2 casees honeybees;
(4) management of honeybee: every month carries out 2 cleanings to beehive, removes paraffin removal bits residue, cuts off honeycomb inferior With cleaning honeybee corpse;A medicament A is respectively sprayed when honeybee breeding and bee colony enter the winter;
(5) management of jujube tree woods: at the beginning of the 4-5 month, jujube tree enters the budding period, sprays a medicament B to jujube tree woods;In 6-7 The beginning of the month, jujube tree enter florescence, once spill medicament B to jujube flower spray before florescence, spray a medicine to jujube flower again in full-bloom stage Agent B, remaining is managed according to routine techniques.
Further, the medicament A is mixed by 6kg Chinese medicine extract A, 1kg ascorbic acid, 1000kg distilled water by weight Conjunction is made.
Further, the medicament B is by weight by 7kg Chinese medicine extract B, 2kg phytic acid, 1kg microelement, 1500kg Distilled water is mixed.
Further, the Chinese medicine extract A prepares one step process, comprising the following steps:
A, 3kg viola mandshurica, the 15kg achene of Siberian cocklebur, 6kg blueness punt-pole are weighed by weight;
B, viola mandshurica is crushed, 80% ethyl alcohol heating and refluxing extraction 2 times, each 1h of 6 times of amounts is then added, filter, Clear cream is concentrated the filtrate to get viola mandshurica extracting solution;
C, the achene of Siberian cocklebur, green punt-pole are crushed, 80% methanol heating and refluxing extraction 2 times, each 2h of 8 times of amounts, mistake is then added Filter, concentrates the filtrate to clear cream to get mixed extract;
D, mixed extract and viola mandshurica extracting solution are mixed to get Chinese medicine extract A.
Further, the preparation method of the Chinese medicine extract B, comprising the following steps:
I, 4kg seaweed, 6kg garlic clove, 8kg dried orange peel, 6kg tobacco leaf, 8kg bark of Toona sinensis, 8kg kuh-seng are weighed by weight;
II, seaweed, garlic clove, dried orange peel, tobacco leaf, bark of Toona sinensis, kuh-seng are crushed respectively, is mixed, 8 times of amounts 80% are then added Methanol is ultrasonically treated 40min, and filtering concentrates the filtrate to clear cream to get Chinese medicine extract B.
Comparative example 1
A kind of cultural method of honeybee, comprising the following steps:
(1) culture zone selects: selecting 15 ° of the gradient, leeward hillside jujube tree woods on the sunny side is culture zone, while around being had abundant Vegetation class plant;The plantation spacing of jujube tree is 2-4m, and planting density is 65 plants/acre;
(2) beehive is selected with disinfection: being selected nontoxic, free from extraneous odour, 19 cubic metres of wooden case as beehive, is hung 6- after disinfection 7 days, then carry out the migration of honeybee;
(3) beehive: being placed on jujube tree branch in the 1-3 month, and be fixed using iron wire by the placement of beehive, one mu of preparation 2 casees honeybees;
(4) management of honeybee: every month carries out 3 cleanings to beehive, removes paraffin removal bits residue, cuts off honeycomb inferior With cleaning honeybee corpse;A medicament A is respectively sprayed when honeybee breeding and bee colony enter the winter;
(5) management of jujube tree woods: jujube tree woods is according to routine techniques management
Further, the medicament A is distilled by A, 0.6kg parts of ascorbic acid of 5kg Chinese medicine extract, 900kg by weight Water is mixed.
Further, the Chinese medicine extract A prepares one step process, comprising the following steps:
A, 2.5kg viola mandshurica, the 12kg achene of Siberian cocklebur, 5kg blueness punt-pole are weighed by weight;
B, viola mandshurica is crushed, 80% ethyl alcohol heating and refluxing extraction 2 times, each 1h of 5.5 times of amounts, mistake is then added Filter, concentrates the filtrate to clear cream to get viola mandshurica extracting solution;
C, the achene of Siberian cocklebur, green punt-pole are crushed, 80% methanol heating and refluxing extraction 2 times, each 2h of 7 times of amounts, mistake is then added Filter, concentrates the filtrate to clear cream to get mixed extract;
D, mixed extract and viola mandshurica extracting solution are mixed to get Chinese medicine extract A.
Comparative example 2
A kind of cultural method of honeybee, comprising the following steps:
(1) culture zone selects: selecting 15 ° of the gradient, leeward hillside jujube tree woods on the sunny side is culture zone, while around being had abundant Vegetation class plant;The plantation spacing of jujube tree is 2-4m, and planting density is 65 plants/acre;
(2) beehive is selected with disinfection: being selected nontoxic, free from extraneous odour, 19 cubic metres of wooden case as beehive, is hung 6- after disinfection 7 days, then carry out the migration of honeybee;
(3) beehive: being placed on jujube tree branch in the 1-3 month, and be fixed using iron wire by the placement of beehive, one mu of preparation 2 casees honeybees;
(4) management of honeybee: every month carries out 3 cleanings to beehive, removes paraffin removal bits residue, cuts off honeycomb inferior With cleaning honeybee corpse;Anti-mite medication twice is respectively sprayed when honeybee breeding and bee colony enter the winter;
(5) management of jujube tree woods: jujube tree woods is according to routine techniques management.
Comparative example 3
Select the gradient for 15 °, leeward hillside jujube tree woods on the sunny side, while surrounding has vegetation class plant abundant;Jujube tree Plantation spacing is 2-4m, and planting density is 65 plants/acre;Honey is not cultivated, jujube tree woods is according to routine techniques management.
The yield of Statistics Implementation example 1-3 and comparative example 1-3 Chinese date and Mel Jujubae, the results are shown in Table 1
Table 1
As seen from the table, a kind of cultural method of the honeybee provided using this method, can be improved the production of Chinese date and Mel Jujubae Amount.
It is important to point out that, above embodiments and test example are only limitted to do further technical solution of the present invention herein Elaboration and understanding, should not be understood as it is further to technical solution of the present invention limited, what those skilled in the art made The innovation and creation of non-protruding essential characteristics and marked improvement still fall within protection category of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of cultural method of honeybee, comprising the following steps:
(1) culture zone selects: selecting the gradient < 20o, leeward hillside jujube tree woods on the sunny side is culture zone, while around being had abundant Vegetation class plant;The plantation spacing of jujube tree is 2-4m, and planting density is 60-70 plants/acre;
(2) beehive is selected with disinfection: being selected nontoxic, free from extraneous odour, 16-18 cubic metres of wooden case as beehive, is hung 6-7 after disinfection It, then carry out the migration of honeybee;
(3) placement of beehive: beehive is placed on jujube tree branch in the 1-3 month, and is fixed using iron wire, one mu of 2 case of preparation Honeybee;
(4) management of honeybee: every month carries out the cleaning of 2-3 to beehive, removes paraffin removal bits residue, cuts off honeycomb inferior and clear Manage honeybee corpse;A medicament A is respectively sprayed when honeybee breeding and bee colony enter the winter;
(5) management of jujube tree woods: at the beginning of the 4-5 month, jujube tree enters the budding period, sprays a medicament B to jujube tree woods;At the beginning of the 6-7 month, Jujube tree enters florescence, once spills medicament B to jujube flower spray before florescence, sprays a medicament B to jujube flower again in full-bloom stage, It is remaining to be managed according to routine techniques.
2. the cultural method of honeybee as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the medicament A is by weight by 4-6 parts A, 0.5-1 parts of ascorbic acid of Chinese medicine extract, 800-1000 parts of distilled water are mixed.
3. the cultural method of honeybee as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the medicament B is by weight by 5-7 parts B, 1-2 parts of phytic acid of Chinese medicine extract, 0.5-1 parts of microelements, 1000-1500 parts of distilled water are mixed.
4. medicament A as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the Chinese medicine extract A's prepares one step process, including with Lower step:
A, 2-3 portions of viola mandshuricas, the 10-15 portions of achenes of Siberian cocklebur, 4-6 parts of green punt-poles are weighed by weight;
B, viola mandshurica is crushed, the 5-6 times of 80% ethyl alcohol heating and refluxing extraction measured 2 times, each 1h is then added, filtered, it will Filtrate is concentrated into clear cream to get viola mandshurica extracting solution;
C, the achene of Siberian cocklebur, green punt-pole are crushed, the 6-8 times of 80% methanol heating and refluxing extraction measured 2 times, each 2h are then added, filters, Clear cream is concentrated the filtrate to get mixed extract;
D, mixed extract and viola mandshurica extracting solution are mixed to get Chinese medicine extract A.
5. medicament B as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the preparation method of the Chinese medicine extract B, including it is following Step:
I, 3-4 portions of seaweed, 4-6 parts of garlic cloves, 6-8 parts of dried orange peels, 4-6 parts of tobacco leaves, 6-8 parts of bark of Toona sinensis, 6-8 parts are weighed by weight Kuh-seng
II, seaweed, garlic clove, dried orange peel, tobacco leaf, bark of Toona sinensis, kuh-seng are crushed respectively, is mixed, be then added 6-8 times and measure 80% first Alcohol is ultrasonically treated 30-40min, and filtering concentrates the filtrate to clear cream to get Chinese medicine extract B.
6. medicament B as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the microelement is made of iron, boron, manganese, selenium, ratio For 2:1:1:1.
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